10-Q 1 amwd-20240131.htm 10-Q amwd-20240131
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

    QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended January 31, 2024
or
    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _______________ to _______________

Commission File Number: 000-14798

American Woodmark Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Virginia54-1138147
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
  
561 Shady Elm Road,Winchester,Virginia22602
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
 

(540) 665-9100
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common StockAMWDNASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes    No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer,"  "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerAccelerated filer                 
Non-accelerated filerSmaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes No
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
 
As of February 28, 2024, 15,845,307 shares of the Registrant's Common Stock were outstanding.




AMERICAN WOODMARK CORPORATION
 
FORM 10-Q
 
INDEX
 
 
PART I.FINANCIAL INFORMATION
PAGE
NUMBER
Item 1.Financial Statements (unaudited) 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II.OTHER INFORMATION 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 5.
Item 6.

2


PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.  Financial Statements
AMERICAN WOODMARK CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data) 
(Unaudited) 
 January 31,
2024
April 30,
2023
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$97,829 $41,732 
Customer receivables, net113,073 119,163 
Inventories163,382 190,699 
Prepaid expenses and other27,846 16,661 
Total current assets402,130 368,255 
Property, plant and equipment, net252,168 219,415 
Operating lease right-of-use assets130,074 99,526 
Customer relationship intangibles, net 30,444 
Goodwill767,612 767,612 
Promotional displays, net3,750 6,970 
Deferred income taxes1,470 1,469 
Other assets16,633 25,107 
TOTAL ASSETS$1,573,837 $1,518,798 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY  
Current liabilities  
Accounts payable$64,905 $63,915 
Current maturities of long-term debt2,137 2,263 
Short-term lease liability - operating26,718 24,778 
Accrued compensation and related expenses62,049 49,953 
Accrued marketing expenses13,374 12,528 
Other accrued expenses19,098 24,687 
Total current liabilities188,281 178,124 
Long-term debt, less current maturities371,307 369,396 
Deferred income taxes2,423 11,930 
Long-term lease liability - operating110,768 81,370 
Other long-term liabilities4,148 4,190 
Shareholders' equity  
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized, none issued
  
Common stock, no par value; 40,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding shares: at January 31, 2024: 15,812,027; at April 30, 2023: 16,635,295
360,354 370,259 
Retained earnings529,063 493,157 
Accumulated other comprehensive income7,493 10,372 
Total shareholders' equity896,910 873,788 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY$1,573,837 $1,518,798 
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.  
3


AMERICAN WOODMARK CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 January 31,January 31,
 2024202320242023
Net sales$422,102 $480,713 $1,394,224 $1,585,105 
Cost of sales and distribution341,162 405,373 1,100,516 1,324,284 
Gross Profit80,940 75,340 293,708 260,821 
Selling and marketing expenses21,945 21,364 68,990 71,781 
General and administrative expenses31,116 28,848 101,746 91,129 
Restructuring charges, net 1,310 (198)1,310 
Operating Income27,879 23,818 123,170 96,601 
Interest expense, net1,932 4,303 6,322 12,778 
Pension settlement, net 293  48 
Other expense, net(2,498)(411)(523)(1,082)
Income Before Income Taxes28,445 19,633 117,371 84,857 
Income tax expense7,218 4,905 27,953 21,275 
Net Income$21,227 $14,728 $89,418 $63,582 
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding    
Basic15,991,520 16,621,827 16,267,999 16,606,700 
Diluted16,124,198 16,695,714 16,380,756 16,661,234 
Net earnings per share    
Basic$1.33 $0.89 $5.50 $3.83 
Diluted$1.32 $0.88 $5.46 $3.82 
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

4


AMERICAN WOODMARK CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 January 31,January 31,
 2024202320242023
Net income$21,227 $14,728 $89,418 $63,582 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:    
Change in Cash flow hedges (swap), net of deferred taxes (benefit) of $(956) and $(890), and $(980) and $461 for the three- and nine-months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively
(2,807)(2,627)(2,879)1,360 
Total Comprehensive Income$18,420 $12,101 $86,539 $64,942 
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5


AMERICAN WOODMARK CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
   ACCUMULATED
   OTHERTOTAL
 COMMON STOCKRETAINEDCOMPREHENSIVESHAREHOLDERS'
(in thousands, except share data)SHARESAMOUNTEARNINGS(LOSS)/INCOMEEQUITY
Balance, April 30, 202216,570,619 $363,224 $399,434 $10,225 $772,883 
Net income— — 20,070 — 20,070 
Other comprehensive income, 
net of tax— — — (1,278)(1,278)
Stock-based compensation— 1,635 — — 1,635 
Exercise of stock-based 
compensation awards, net of amounts
withheld for taxes25,908 (772)— — (772)
Balance, July 31, 202216,596,527 $364,087 $419,504 $8,947 $792,538 
Net income— — 28,784 — 28,784 
Other comprehensive income, 
net of tax— — — 5,265 5,265 
Stock-based compensation— 1,754 — — 1,754 
Exercise of stock-based 
compensation awards, net of amounts
withheld for taxes8,200  — —  
Employee benefit plan
contributions17,100 838 — — 838 
Balance, October 31, 202216,621,827 $366,679 $448,288 $14,212 $829,179 
Net income— — 14,728 — 14,728 
Other comprehensive income, 
net of tax— — — (2,627)(2,627)
Stock-based compensation— 1,860 — — 1,860 
Balance, January 31, 202316,621,827 $368,539 $463,016 $11,585 $843,140 
6


   ACCUMULATED
   OTHERTOTAL
 COMMON STOCKRETAINEDCOMPREHENSIVESHAREHOLDERS'
(in thousands, except share data)SHARESAMOUNTEARNINGS(LOSS)/INCOMEEQUITY
Balance, April 30, 202316,635,295 $370,259 $493,157 $10,372 $873,788 
Net income— — 37,850 — 37,850 
Other comprehensive income,  
net of tax— — — 914 914 
Stock-based compensation— 2,247 — — 2,247 
Exercise of stock-based 
compensation awards, net of amounts
withheld for taxes55,092 (1,830)— — (1,830)
Stock repurchases(328,295)(6,565)(15,715)— (22,280)
Employee benefit plan 
contributions50,786 3,676 — — 3,676 
Balance, July 31, 202316,412,878 $367,787 $515,292 $11,286 $894,365 
Net income— — 30,341 — 30,341 
Other comprehensive income,  
net of tax— — — (986)(986)
Stock-based compensation— 2,155 — — 2,155 
Exercise of stock-based 
compensation awards, net of amounts
withheld for taxes7,740  — —  
Stock repurchases(394,220)(7,885)(22,410)— (30,295)
Balance, October 31, 202316,026,398 $362,057 $523,223 $10,300 $895,580 
Net income21,227 21,227 
Other comprehensive income,  
net of tax(2,807)(2,807)
Stock-based compensation2,784 2,784 
Exercise of stock-based 
compensation awards, net of amounts
withheld for taxes1,258 (46)(46)
Stock repurchases(215,629)(4,441)(15,387)— (19,828)
Balance, January 31, 202415,812,027 $360,354 $529,063 $7,493 $896,910 
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


7


AMERICAN WOODMARK CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended
 January 31,
 20242023
OPERATING ACTIVITIES  
Net income$89,418 $63,582 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization66,185 70,828 
Net loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment1,423 879 
Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets22,670 19,919 
Amortization of debt issuance costs633 647 
Unrealized gain on foreign exchange forward contracts(241)(904)
Stock-based compensation expense7,186 5,249 
Deferred income taxes(8,545)(11,899)
Pension settlement, net 48 
Contributions of employer stock to employee benefit plan3,676 838 
Other non-cash items320 3,677 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Customer receivables6,329 36,823 
Income taxes(8,479)(798)
Inventories25,982 362 
Prepaid expenses and other assets(925)(8,269)
Accounts payable(5,218)(53,477)
Accrued compensation and related expenses12,101 7,130 
Operating lease liabilities(21,880)(20,073)
Marketing and other accrued expenses(3,202)(3,759)
Net cash provided by operating activities187,433 110,803 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Payments to acquire property, plant and equipment(54,930)(17,134)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment23 23 
Investment in promotional displays(806)(2,149)
Net cash used by investing activities(55,713)(19,260)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Payments of long-term debt(1,986)(67,278)
Repurchase of common stock(71,761) 
Withholding of employee taxes related to stock-based compensation(1,876)(773)
Net cash used by financing activities(75,623)(68,051)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents56,097 23,492 
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 Nine Months Ended
 January 31,
 20242023
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period41,732 22,325 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$97,829 $45,817 
Supplemental cash flow information:  
     Non-cash investing and financing activities:
          Property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable at period end$6,208 $1,025 
    Cash paid during the period for:
         Interest$11,168 $13,208 
      Income taxes$44,932 $34,998 
See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
9


AMERICAN WOODMARK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note A--Basis of Presentation
 
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the nine-month period ended January 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2024 ("fiscal 2024"). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023 ("fiscal 2023") filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

Goodwill and Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the net amount of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination measured at fair value. The Company does not amortize goodwill but evaluates for impairment annually, or whenever events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The Company will perform the annual assessment on the first day of the fourth quarter unless an indicator of impairment exists prior to the annual date and the Company determines it is more likely than not that the fair value of the goodwill is below its book value.

In accordance with accounting standards, when evaluating goodwill, an entity has the option first to assess qualitative factors to determine whether events and circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired. If after such assessment an entity concludes that it is more likely than not that the asset is not impaired, then the entity is not required to take further action. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, then it is required to determine the fair value of the asset using a quantitative impairment test, and if impaired, the associated assets must be written down by the amount that the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit. There were no impairment charges related to goodwill for the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024 and 2023.

Intangible assets consist of customer relationship intangibles. The Company amortizes the cost of intangible assets over their estimated useful lives, six years, unless such lives are deemed indefinite. The Company reviews its intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. There were no impairment charges related to intangible assets for the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024 and 2023.

Derivative Financial Instruments: The Company uses derivatives as part of the normal business operations to manage its exposure to fluctuations in interest rates associated with variable interest rate debt and foreign exchange rates. The Company has established policies and procedures that govern the risk management of these exposures. The primary objective in managing these exposures is to add stability to interest expense, manage the Company's exposure to interest rate movements, and manage the risk from adverse fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.

The Company uses interest rate swap contracts to manage interest rate exposures. The Company records derivatives in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), and subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. If a derivative is deemed to be ineffective, the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized directly in earnings.

The Company also manages risks through the use of foreign exchange forward contracts. The Company recognizes its outstanding forward contracts in the condensed consolidated balance sheets at their fair values. The Company does not designate the forward contracts as accounting hedges. The changes in the fair value of the forward contracts are recorded in other expense (income), net in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period balances to conform to the current year presentation.

Note B--New Accounting Pronouncements
 
In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-09 “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” The amendments in this ASU are intended to increase transparency
10


through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the disclosure impacts of ASU 2023-09 on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Note C--Net Earnings Per Share
 
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net earnings per share:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 January 31,January 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)2024202320242023
Numerator used in basic and diluted net earnings    
per common share:    
Net income$21,227 $14,728 $89,418 $63,582 
Denominator:    
Denominator for basic net earnings per common    
share - weighted-average shares15,992 16,622 16,268 16,607 
Effect of dilutive securities:    
Stock options and restricted stock units132 74 113 54 
Denominator for diluted net earnings per common    
share - weighted-average shares and assumed    
conversions16,124 16,696 16,381 16,661 
Net earnings per share    
Basic$1.33 $0.89 $5.50 $3.83 
Diluted$1.32 $0.88 $5.46 $3.82 

There were no potentially dilutive securities for the three-month periods ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and the nine-month period ended January 31, 2023, which were excluded from the calculation of net earnings per diluted share. Potentially dilutive securities of 40,170 for the nine-month period ended January 31, 2024 were excluded from the calculation of net earnings per diluted share as the effect would be anti-dilutive.

Note D--Stock-Based Compensation
 
The Company has various stock-based compensation plans. During the nine-months ended January 31, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company approved grants of service-based restricted stock units ("RSUs") to non-employee directors. These service-based RSUs (i) vest daily through the end of the one-year vesting period as long as the recipient continuously remains a member of the Board and (ii) entitle the recipient to receive one share of the Company's common stock per unit vested. The Board of Directors also approved grants of service-based RSUs, performance-based RSUs and non-statutory stock options to key employees. The performance-based RSUs entitle the recipients to receive one share of the Company's common stock per unit granted if applicable performance conditions are met and the recipient remains continuously employed with the Company until the units cliff vest at the end of the three year vesting period. The service-based RSUs to key employees entitle the recipients to receive one share of the Company's common stock per unit granted if they remain continuously employed with the Company until the units vest. The employee stock options cliff vest at the end of a three-year period and have a ten-year contractual term. Prior to June 2023, all of the Company's RSUs granted to employees cliff-vest three years from the grant date. Beginning in June 2023, service-based RSUs granted to employees vest one-third on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. The fair value of the Company's RSU awards is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the RSUs to the extent the Company believes it is probable the related performance criteria, if any, will be met.

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The following table summarizes the Company's stock-based compensations grants for the nine-months ended January 31, 2024:

(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Stock Awards Granted
Service-based RSUs
79,778
Performance-based RSUs
155,062
Non-statutory stock options
92,340

For the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, stock-based compensation expense was allocated as follows: 
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 January 31,January 31,
(in thousands)2024202320242023
Cost of sales and distribution$582 $547 $1,633 $1,483 
Selling and marketing expenses585 376 1,669 1,446 
General and administrative expenses1,617 937 3,884 2,320 
Stock-based compensation expense$2,784 $1,860 $7,186 $5,249 
 
During the nine months ended January 31, 2024, the Company also approved grants of 12,199 cash-settled performance-based restricted stock tracking units ("RSTUs") and 6,571 cash-settled service-based RSTUs for more junior level employees. Each performance-based RSTU entitles the recipient to receive a payment in cash equal to the fair market value of one share of the Company's common stock as of the payment date if applicable performance conditions are met and the recipient remains continuously employed with the Company until the units vest. The service-based RSTUs entitle the recipients to receive a payment in cash equal to the fair market value of one share of the Company's common stock as of the payment date if they remain continuously employed with the Company until the units vest. Prior to June 2023, all of the Company's RSTUs granted to employees cliff-vest three years from the grant date. Beginning in June 2023, service-based RSTUs granted to employees vest one-third on each of the first, second and third anniversaries of the grant date. The fair value of each cash-settled RSTU award is remeasured at the end of each reporting period and the liability is adjusted, and related expense recorded, based on the new fair value. The expense recognized for the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, and the liability as of January 31, 2024 and April 30, 2023, related to RSTUs is not significant.

Note E--Customer Receivables
 
The components of customer receivables were: 
 January 31,April 30,
(in thousands)20242023
Gross customer receivables$123,126 $130,655 
Less:
Allowance for credit losses(545)(449)
Allowance for returns and discounts(9,508)(11,043)
Net customer receivables$113,073 $119,163 

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Note F--Inventories
 
The components of inventories were: 
 January 31,April 30,
(in thousands)20242023
Raw materials$65,185 $80,953 
Work-in-process45,725 49,064 
Finished goods52,472 60,682 
Total inventories$163,382 $190,699 

Note G--Property, Plant and Equipment

The components of property, plant and equipment were:
 January 31,April 30,
(in thousands)20242023
Land$4,475 $4,475 
Buildings and improvements126,128 121,903 
Buildings and improvements - finance leases11,164 11,164 
Machinery and equipment351,059 331,146 
Machinery and equipment - finance leases31,149 29,869 
Software34,096 29,322 
Construction in progress70,066 45,710 
Total property, plant and equipment628,137 573,589 
Less accumulated amortization and depreciation(375,969)(354,174)
Property, plant and equipment, net$252,168 $219,415 

Amortization and depreciation expense on property, plant and equipment amounted to $10.6 million and $9.3 million for the three-months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively and $30.0 million and $28.7 million for the nine-months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Accumulated amortization on finance leases included in the above table amounted to $31.6 million and $31.9 million as of January 31, 2024 and April 30, 2023, respectively.

Note H--Intangibles

The components of customer relationship intangibles were:
 January 31,April 30,
(in thousands)20242023
Customer relationship intangibles$274,000 $274,000 
Less accumulated amortization(274,000)(243,556)
Total$ $30,444 

Customer relationship intangibles are amortized over the estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis over six years. Amortization expense for the three-month periods ended January 31, 2024 and 2023 was $7.6 million and $11.4 million, respectively and $30.4 million and $34.2 million, respectively, for each of the nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024 and 2023.

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Note I--Product Warranty
 
The Company estimates outstanding warranty costs based on the historical relationship between warranty claims and revenues. The warranty accrual is reviewed monthly to verify that it properly reflects the remaining obligation based on the anticipated expenditures over the balance of the obligation period. Adjustments are made when actual warranty claim experience differs from estimates. Warranty claims are generally made within two months of the original shipment date.
 
The following is a reconciliation of the Company's warranty liability, which is included in other accrued expenses on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets: 
 Nine Months Ended
 January 31,
(in thousands)20242023
Beginning balance at May 1$8,014 $6,878 
Accrual14,934 26,566 
Settlements(17,175)(25,777)
Ending balance at January 31$5,773 $7,667 

Note J--Fair Value Measurements
 
The Company utilizes the hierarchy of fair value measurements to classify certain of its assets and liabilities based upon the following definitions:
Level 1- Investments with quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The Company's cash equivalents are invested in money market funds, mutual funds, and certificates of deposit. The Company's mutual fund investment assets represent contributions made and invested on behalf of the Company's former executive officers in a supplementary employee retirement plan.

Level 2- Investments with observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as: quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3- Investments with unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The Company has no Level 3 assets or liabilities measured on a recurring basis.

The Company's financial instruments include cash and equivalents, marketable securities, and other investments; accounts receivable and accounts payable; interest rate swap and foreign exchange forward contracts; and short- and long-term debt. The carrying values of cash and equivalents, accounts receivable and payable, and short-term debt on the condensed consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair value due to the short maturities of these items. The interest rate swap and foreign exchange forward contracts were marked to market and therefore represent fair value. The fair values of these contracts are determined based on inputs that are readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets. The following table summarizes the fair value of assets that are recorded in the Company's consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2024 and April 30, 2023 at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
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 Fair Value Measurements
 As of January 31, 2024
 Level 1Level 2Level 3
ASSETS:   
Mutual funds$176 $ $ 
Interest rate swap contracts 10,044  
Foreign exchange forward contracts 241  
Total assets at fair value$176 $10,285 $ 
 As of April 30, 2023
 Level 1Level 2Level 3
ASSETS:   
Mutual funds$191 $ $ 
Interest rate swap contracts 13,885  
Total assets at fair value$191 $13,885 $ 

There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Note K--Loans Payable and Long-Term Debt

On April 22, 2021, the Company amended and restated its prior credit agreement and on January 17, 2023 the Company entered into an amendment of such agreement to transition the applicable interest rate from LIBOR to Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"), effective January 31, 2023. The amended and restated credit agreement (the "A&R Credit Agreement") provides for a $500 million revolving loan facility with a $50 million sub-facility for the issuance of letters of credit (the "Revolving Facility") and a $250 million term loan facility (the "Term Loan Facility"). Also on April 22, 2021, the Company borrowed the entire $250 million under the Term Loan Facility and approximately $264 million under the Revolving Facility to fund, in part, the repayment in full of the amounts then outstanding under its prior credit agreement and the redemption of $350 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.875% Senior Notes due 2026. The Company is required to repay the Term Loan Facility in specified quarterly installments, which have been prepaid through April 30, 2025. The Revolving Facility and Term Loan Facility mature on April 22, 2026.

As of January 31, 2024 and April 30, 2023, $206.3 million and $206.3 million, respectively, was outstanding on the Term Loan Facility. As of January 31, 2024 and April 30, 2023, $163.8 million and $163.8 million, respectively, was outstanding under the Revolving Facility.

Outstanding letters of credit under the Revolving Facility were $13.3 million as of January 31, 2024, leaving approximately $322.9 million in available capacity under the Revolving Facility as of January 31, 2024. The outstanding balances noted above approximate fair value as the facilities have a floating interest rate.

Amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Facility and the Revolving Facility bear interest based on a fluctuating rate measured by reference to either, at the Company's option, a base rate plus an applicable margin or SOFR plus 10 basis points plus an applicable margin, with the applicable margin being determined by reference to the Company's then-current "Secured Net Leverage Ratio." The Company also incurs a quarterly commitment fee on the average daily unused portion of the Revolving Facility during the applicable quarter at a rate per annum also determined by reference to the Company's then-current "Secured Net Leverage Ratio." In addition, a letter of credit fee accrues on the face amount of any outstanding letters of credit at a per annum rate equal to the applicable margin on SOFR loans, payable quarterly in arrears. As of January 31, 2024, the applicable margin with respect to base rate loans and SOFR loans was 0.0% and 1.0%, respectively, and the commitment fee was 0.1%.

The A&R Credit Agreement includes certain financial covenants that require the Company to maintain (i) a "Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio" of no less than 2.00 to 1.00 and (ii) a "Total Net Leverage Ratio" of no greater than 4.00 to 1.00, subject, in each case, to certain limited exceptions.

The A&R Credit Agreement includes certain additional covenants, including negative covenants that restrict the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness, create additional liens on its assets, make certain
15


investments, dispose of its assets, or engage in a merger or other similar transaction, or engage in transactions with affiliates, subject, in each case, to the various exceptions and conditions described in the A&R Credit Agreement. The negative covenants further restrict the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to make certain restricted payments, including, in the case of the Company, the payment of dividends and the repurchase of common stock, in certain limited circumstances.

As of January 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all covenants included in the A&R Credit Agreement.

The Company's obligations under the A&R Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the Company's domestic subsidiaries, and the obligations of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries under the A&R Credit Agreement and their guarantees, respectively, are secured by a pledge of substantially all of their respective personal property.

Note L--Derivative Financial Instruments

Interest Rate Swap Contracts

The Company enters into interest rate swap contracts to manage variability in the amount of known or expected cash payments related to portions of its variable rate debt. On May 28, 2021, the Company entered into four interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $200 million to hedge part of the variable rate interest payments under the Term Loan Facility. The interest rate swaps became effective on May 28, 2021 and will terminate on May 30, 2025. The interest rate swaps economically convert a portion of the variable rate debt to fixed rate debt. The Company receives floating interest payments monthly based on one-month SOFR and pays a fixed rate of 0.53% to the counterparty.

The interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges. Changes in fair value are recorded to other comprehensive income. The risk management objective in using interest rate swaps is to add stability to interest expense and to manage the Company's exposure to interest rate movements. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the contract agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Realized gains or losses in connection with required interest payments on interest rate swaps are recorded in earnings, as a component of interest expense, net to offset variability in interest expense associated with the underlying debt's cash flows.

For the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024, unrealized gains (losses), net of deferred taxes, of ($0.8) million and $2.7 million, respectively, were recorded in other comprehensive income, and $2.0 million and $5.6 million, respectively, of realized gains, net of deferred taxes, were reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense, net due to interest received from and payments made to the swap counterparties. For the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2023, unrealized gains (losses), net of deferred taxes, of ($1.3) million and $3.7 million, respectively, were recorded in other comprehensive income, and $1.3 million and $2.3 million, respectively, of realized gains, net of deferred taxes, were reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense, net due to interest received from and payments made to the swap counterparties. As of January 31, 2024, the Company anticipates reclassifying approximately $8.1 million of net hedging gains from accumulated other comprehensive income into earnings during the next 12 months to offset the variability of the hedged items during this period.

The fair value of the derivative instruments are included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts

At January 31, 2024, the Company held forward contracts maturing from February 2024 to April 2024 to purchase 117.0 million Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of 18.91 Mexican pesos to one U.S. dollar. Additionally, the Company entered into a contingent forward contract with maturities from May 2024 to April 2025 to purchase 660.0 million Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of 18.91 Mexican pesos to one U.S. dollar. This contingent forward contract gives the bank the option to cancel these forward contracts in April 2024. Additionally, the Company entered into a target accrual redemption forward agreement to purchase Mexican Pesos across 48 defined fixings. These fixings allow for U.S. dollars to be converted into Pesos at a rate of 18.60 Pesos to one U.S. Dollar. Cumulative profit is capped at an aggregate of approximately $0.6 million over the shorter of the life of the contract fixings or the utilization of the cap. An asset of $0.2 million is recorded in prepaid expenses and other on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

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Note M--Income Taxes

The effective income tax rates for the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024 was 25.4% and 23.8%, respectively, compared with 25.0% and 25.1% in the comparable period in the prior fiscal year. The effective rates were higher than the 21.0% U.S. statutory rate for all periods presented primarily due to state income taxes.

Note N--Revenue Recognition

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers into major sales distribution channels as these categories depict the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows that are affected by economic factors. The following table disaggregates our consolidated revenue by major sales distribution channels for the three- and nine-months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
January 31,January 31,
(in thousands)2024202320242023
Home center retailers$174,270 $202,881 $578,602 $681,631 
Builders181,747 204,170 592,705 654,861 
Independent dealers and distributors66,085 73,662 222,917 248,613 
Net Sales$422,102 $480,713 $1,394,224 $1,585,105 

Note O--Concentration of Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions and such balances may, at times, exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant risk with respect to cash.

Credit is extended to customers based on an evaluation of each customer's financial condition and generally collateral is not required. The Company's customers operate in the new home construction and home remodeling markets. 
 
The Company maintains an allowance for expected credit losses based upon management's evaluation and judgment of potential net loss. The allowance is estimated based upon historical experience, the effects of current developments and economic conditions, and each customer's current and anticipated financial condition. Estimates and assumptions are periodically reviewed and updated. Any resulting adjustments to the allowance are reflected in current operating results.

As of January 31, 2024, the Company's two largest customers, Customers A and B, represented 33.5% and 18.6% of the Company's gross customer receivables, respectively. As of January 31, 2023, Customers A and B represented 39.9% and 16.4% of the Company's gross customer receivables, respectively.

The following table summarizes the percentage of net sales attributable to the Company's two largest customers for the three- and nine-months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
January 31,January 31,
 2024202320242023
Customer A29.1%29.5%28.4%29.5%
Customer B12.2%12.8%13.1%13.5%

Note P--Other Information

The Company is involved in suits and claims in the normal course of business, including without limitation product liability and general liability claims, and claims pending before the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company consults with its legal counsel to ascertain the reasonable likelihood that such claims may result in a loss. As required by FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 450, "Contingencies," the Company categorizes the various suits and claims into three categories according to their likelihood for resulting in potential loss: those that are probable,
17


those that are reasonably possible, and those that are deemed to be remote. Where losses are deemed to be probable and estimable, accruals are made. Where losses are deemed to be reasonably possible, a range of loss estimates is determined and considered for disclosure. In determining these loss range estimates, the Company considers known values of similar claims and consults with outside counsel.

Except as described below, the Company believes that the aggregate range of loss stemming from the various suits and asserted and unasserted claims that were deemed to be either probable or reasonably possible was not material as of January 31, 2024.

Antidumping and Countervailing Duties Investigation

In February 2020, a conglomeration of domestic manufacturers filed a scope and circumvention petition seeking the imposition of antidumping (“AD”) and countervailing duties (“CVD”) with the United States Department of Commerce (“DOC”) and the United States International Trade Commission (“ITC”) against imports of hardwood plywood assembled in Vietnam using cores sourced from China. In July 2022, the DOC issued a Preliminary Scope Determination and Affirmative Preliminary Determination of Circumvention of the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders (“Preliminary Determination”). In July 2023, the DOC issued a Final Determination of Circumvention of the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders (“Final Determination”).

Included in the Final Determination is a list of Vietnamese suppliers not eligible for certification. AD and CVD cash deposits of 206% are required for imports from the Vietnamese suppliers not eligible for certification. Many of the Vietnamese suppliers appealed their inclusion on the ineligible for certification list in the Preliminary Determination. Because two of the Company’s primary Vietnamese plywood vendors remained on the ineligible for certification list in the Final Determination, the Company recorded a loss on unliquidated customs entries as of Final Determination in July 2023. The loss recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2024 was $4.9 million, or $3.7 million net of tax. Through the third fiscal quarter of 2024, the Company has remitted deposits of $3.8 million pursuant to the Preliminary Determination. Based on the evidence provided from the Vietnamese suppliers, the specific characteristics of the product imported and other relevant matters, the Company intends to vigorously appeal the Final Determination that it is subject to these duties and disputes the findings of the Final Determination with regards to the Company. Our last order was placed with these vendors in June 2022.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes, both of which are included in Part I, Item 1 of this report. The Company's critical accounting policies are included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023.

 Forward-Looking Statements
 
This report contains statements concerning the Company's expectations, plans, objectives, future financial performance, and other statements that are not historical facts. These statements may be "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In most cases, the reader can identify forward-looking statements by words such as "anticipate," "estimate," "forecast," "expect," "believe," "should," "could," "would," "plan," "may," "intend," "estimate," "prospect," "goal," "will," "predict," "potential," or other similar words. Forward-looking statements contained in this report, including elsewhere in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," are based on current expectations and our actual results may differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements. In addition, the Company participates in an industry that is subject to rapidly changing conditions and there are numerous factors that could cause the Company to experience a decline in sales and/or earnings or deterioration in financial condition. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements made in this report include but are not limited to:

the loss of or a reduction in business from one or more of our key customers;
negative developments in the macro-economic factors that impact our performance such as the U.S. housing market, mortgage interest rates, general economy, unemployment rates, and consumer sentiment and the impact of such developments on our and our customers' business, operations, and access to financing;
an inability to obtain raw materials in a timely manner or fluctuations in raw material, transportation, and energy costs due to inflation or otherwise;
a failure to attract and retain certain members of management or other key employees or other negative labor developments, including increases in the cost of labor;
competition from other manufacturers and the impact of such competition on pricing and promotional levels;
an inability to develop new products or respond to changing consumer preferences and purchasing practices;
increased buying power of large customers and the impact on our ability to maintain or raise prices;
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a failure to effectively manage manufacturing operations, alignment, and capacity or an inability to maintain the quality of our products;
the impairment of goodwill, other intangible assets, or our long-lived assets;
information systems interruptions or intrusions or the unauthorized release of confidential information concerning customers, employees, or other third parties;
the cost of compliance with, or liabilities related to, environmental or other governmental regulations or changes in governmental or industry regulatory standards, especially with respect to health and safety and the environment;
risks associated with the implementation of our growth, digital transformation, and platform design strategies;
risks related to sourcing and selling products internationally and doing business globally, including the imposition of tariffs or duties on those products, and increased transportation costs and delays;
unexpected costs resulting from a failure to maintain acceptable quality standards;
changes in tax laws or the interpretations of existing tax laws;
the impact of another pandemic on our business, the global and U.S. economy, and our employees, customers, suppliers, and logistics system;
the occurrence of significant natural disasters, including earthquakes, fires, floods, hurricanes, or tropical storms;
the unavailability of adequate capital for our business to grow and compete; and
limitations on operating our business as a result of covenant restrictions under our indebtedness, and our ability to pay amounts due under our credit facilities and our other indebtedness, and interest rate increases.

Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements is contained in this report, including elsewhere in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and also in the Company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023, filed with the SEC, including under Item 1A, "Risk Factors," Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk." While the Company believes that these risks are manageable and will not adversely impact the long-term performance of the Company, these risks could, under certain circumstances, have a material adverse impact on its operating results and financial condition.

Any forward-looking statement that the Company makes in this report speaks only as of the date of this report. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements or cautionary factors as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

Overview

American Woodmark Corporation manufactures and distributes kitchen, bath, and home organization products for the remodeling and new home construction markets. Its products are sold on a national basis directly to home centers and builders and through a network of independent dealers and distributors. As of January 31, 2024, the Company operated 18 manufacturing facilities in the United States and Mexico, eight primary service centers, and one distribution center located throughout the United States.

The three-month period ended January 31, 2024 was the Company's third quarter of its fiscal year that ends on April 30, 2024 ("fiscal 2024").

Financial Overview

The Company was impacted by the following macro-economic trends during the third quarter of fiscal 2024:

The median price per existing home sold increased during the fourth calendar quarter of 2023 compared to the same period one year ago by 3.9% according to data provided by the National Association of Realtors, and existing home sales decreased 9.5% during the fourth calendar quarter of 2023 compared to the same period in the prior year;
The unemployment rate increased to 3.7% as of January 2024 compared to 3.4% as of January 2023, and 3.4% in April 2023, according to data provided by the U.S. Department of Labor;
Mortgage interest rates increased with a thirty-year fixed mortgage rate of approximately 6.7% in January 2024, an increase of approximately 59 basis points compared to the same period in the prior year, according to Freddie Mac;
Consumer sentiment as tracked by Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan increased from 64.9 in January 2023 to 79.0 in January 2024; and
The inflation rate as of January 2024 was 3.1%, compared to 6.4% in January 2023 and 4.9% in April 2023 according to data provided by the U.S. Department of Labor.

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The Company believes there is no single indicator that directly correlates with cabinet remodeling market activity. For this reason, the Company considers other factors in addition to those discussed above as indicators of overall market activity including credit availability, home owner equity, and housing affordability.
 
The Company earned net income of $21.2 million, or 5.0% of net sales, for the third quarter of fiscal 2024, compared with $14.7 million, or 3.1% of net sales, in the same period of the prior year, and earned net income of $89.4 million, or 6.4% of net sales, for the first nine months of fiscal 2024, compared with $63.6 million, or 4.0% of net sales, in the same period of the prior year.

Results of Operations
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 January 31,January 31,
(in thousands)20242023Percent Change20242023Percent Change
Net sales$422,102 $480,713 (12.2)%$1,394,224 $1,585,105 (12.0)%
Gross profit$80,940 $75,340 7.4 %$293,708 $260,821 12.6 %
Selling and marketing expenses$21,945 $21,364 2.7 %$68,990 $71,781 (3.9)%
General and administrative expenses$31,116 $28,848 7.9 %$101,746 $91,129 11.7 %
 
Net Sales. Net sales were $422.1 million for the third quarter of fiscal 2024, a decrease of $58.6 million or 12.2% compared to the same period of fiscal 2023. For the first nine months of fiscal 2024, net sales were $1,394.2 million, reflecting a $190.9 million or 12.0% decrease compared to the same period of fiscal 2023. The Company's remodeling sales, which consist of our independent dealer and distributor channel sales and home center retail sales, decreased 13.1% during the third quarter and 13.8% during the first nine months of fiscal 2024 compared to the same prior year periods. Our independent dealer and distributor channel decreased 10.3% during the third quarter and 10.3% during the first nine months of fiscal 2024 compared to the comparable prior year periods. Our home center channel decreased by 14.1% during the third quarter of fiscal 2024 and 15.1% during the first nine months of fiscal 2024 compared to the same periods of fiscal 2023. Demand trends remain under pressure for our made-to-order and stock kitchen business due to lower in-store traffic rates and consumers choosing smaller sized projects.

Builder sales decreased 11.0% in the third quarter of fiscal 2024 and 9.5% during the first nine months of fiscal 2024 compared to the same periods of fiscal 2023. The Company believes that fluctuations in single-family housing starts and completions are the best indicator of new construction cabinet activity. Assuming a sixty to ninety day lag between housing starts and the installation of cabinetry, single-family housing starts increased 20.2% during the third quarter of fiscal 2024 over the comparable prior year period, according to the U.S. Department of Commerce. In comparison, housing completions decreased 8.5% during the third quarter of fiscal 2024 over the comparable prior year period, according to the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Gross Profit. Gross profit margin for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was 19.2% compared with 15.7% for the same period of fiscal 2023, representing a 350 basis point improvement. Gross profit margin for the first nine months of fiscal 2024 was 21.1% compared with 16.5% for the same period of fiscal 2023, representing a 460 basis point improvement. Gross profit margin in the third quarter and first nine months of the current fiscal year was positively impacted by favorable product mix and pricing matching inflationary cost impacts, operational improvements in our manufacturing facilities and stability in our supply chain.

Selling and Marketing Expenses. Selling and marketing expenses increased by $0.6 million or 2.7% during the third quarter of fiscal 2024 and decreased $2.8 million or 3.9% during the first nine months of fiscal 2024, compared to the same periods of the prior year. Selling and marketing expenses were 5.2% of net sales in the third quarter of fiscal 2024, compared with 4.4% for the same period of fiscal 2023. Selling and marketing expenses were 4.9% of net sales in the first nine months of fiscal 2024, compared with 4.5% for the same period of fiscal 2023. The increase in selling and marketing expenses during the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was driven primarily by higher incentive costs for employees and the decrease in selling and marketing expenses for the first nine months of fiscal 2024 was due to lower professional services spend and lower overall net sales.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased by $2.3 million or 7.9% during the third quarter of fiscal 2024 and $10.6 million or 11.7% during the first nine months of fiscal 2024, compared to the same periods of the prior year. General and administrative expenses were 7.4% of net sales in the third quarter of fiscal 2024, compared with 6.0% of net sales in the third quarter of fiscal 2023. General and administrative expenses were 7.3% of net sales
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in the first nine months of fiscal 2024, compared with 5.7% for the same period of fiscal 2023. The increase in general and administrative expenses during the third quarter and for the first nine months of fiscal 2024 was driven primarily by higher incentive and profit sharing costs for employees and lower net sales.

Effective Income Tax Rates. The effective income tax rates for the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024 was 25.4% and 23.8% compared with 25.0% and 25.1%, respectively, in the comparable periods in the prior fiscal year. The effective rate was higher than the 21.0% U.S. statutory rate for the three- and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2024 primarily due to state income taxes.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures. We have reported our financial results in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In addition, we have discussed our financial results using the non-GAAP measures described below.

A reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP is set forth below.

Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide an additional means of analyzing the current period's results against the corresponding prior period's results. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as a substitute for, the Company's reported results prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP measures and should be read only in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP.

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin

We use EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA margin in evaluating the performance of our business, and we use each in the preparation of our annual operating budgets and as indicators of business performance and profitability. We believe EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA margin allow us to readily view operating trends, perform analytical comparisons and identify strategies to improve operating performance.

We define EBITDA as net income (loss) adjusted to exclude (1) income tax expense (benefit), (2) interest expense, net, (3) depreciation and amortization expense, and (4) amortization of customer relationship intangibles and trademarks. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA adjusted to exclude (1) expenses related to the acquisition of RSI Home Products, Inc. ("RSI acquisition") and the subsequent restructuring charges that the Company incurred related to the acquisition, (2) non-recurring restructuring charges, (3) net gain/loss on debt forgiveness, (4) stock-based compensation expense, (5) gain/loss on asset disposals, (6) change in fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts, and (7) pension settlement charges. We believe Adjusted EBITDA, when presented in conjunction with comparable GAAP measures, is useful for investors because management uses Adjusted EBITDA in evaluating the performance of our business.

We define Adjusted EBITDA margin as Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net sales.

Adjusted EPS per diluted share

We use Adjusted EPS per diluted share in evaluating the performance of our business and profitability. Management believes that this measure provides useful information to investors by offering additional ways of viewing the Company's results by providing an indication of performance and profitability excluding the impact of unusual and/or non-cash items. We define Adjusted EPS per diluted share as diluted earnings per share excluding the per share impact of (1) expenses related to the RSI acquisition and the subsequent restructuring charges that the Company incurred related to the RSI acquisition, (2) non-recurring restructuring charges, (3) the amortization of customer relationship intangibles and trademarks, (4) net gain/loss on debt forgiveness, (5) pension settlement charges, and (6) the tax benefit of RSI acquisition expenses and subsequent restructuring charges, the net gain on debt forgiveness and modification and the amortization of customer relationship intangibles and trademarks. The amortization of intangible assets is driven by the RSI acquisition and will recur in future periods. Management has determined that excluding amortization of intangible assets from our definition of Adjusted EPS per diluted share will better help it evaluate the performance of our business and profitability and we have also received similar feedback from some of our investors.
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Reconciliation of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
January 31,January 31,
(in thousands)2024202320242023
Net income (GAAP)$21,227 $14,728 $89,418 $63,582 
Add back:
Income tax expense7,218 4,905 27,953 21,275 
Interest expense, net1,932 4,303 6,322 12,778 
Depreciation and amortization expense12,349 11,814 35,741 36,578 
Amortization of customer relationship intangibles7,610 11,416 30,444 34,250 
EBITDA (Non-GAAP)$50,336 $47,166 189,878 168,463 
Add back:
Acquisition and restructuring related expenses (1)20 47 60 
Non-recurring restructuring charges (2)— 1,310 (198)1,310 
Pension settlement, net— 293 — 48 
Change in fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts (3)(2,342)(324)(241)(904)
Stock-based compensation expense2,784 1,859 7,186 5,249 
(Gain) loss on asset disposal(170)666 1,423 879 
Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP)$50,615 $50,990 198,095 175,105 
Net Sales$422,102 $480,713 $1,394,224 $1,585,105 
Net income margin (GAAP)5.0 %3.1 %6.4 %4.0 %
Adjusted EBITDA margin (Non-GAAP)12.0 %10.6 %14.2 %11.0 %
(1) Acquisition and restructuring related expenses are comprised of expenses related to the RSI acquisition and the subsequent restructuring charges that the Company incurred related to the acquisition.
(2) Non-recurring restructuring charges are comprised of expenses incurred related to the nationwide reduction-in-force implemented in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2023.
(3) In the normal course of business the Company is subject to risk from adverse fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. The Company manages these risks through the use of foreign exchange forward contracts. The changes in the fair value of the forward contracts are recorded in other (income) expense, net in the operating results.

A reconciliation of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin as projected for fiscal 2024 is not provided because we do not forecast net income (loss) as we cannot, without unreasonable effort, estimate or predict with certainty various components of net income (loss).

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA for the third quarter of fiscal 2024 was $50.6 million or 12.0% of net sales compared to $51.0 million or 10.6% of net sales for the same quarter of the prior fiscal year. Adjusted EBITDA for the first nine months of fiscal 2024 was $198.1 million or 14.2% of net sales compared to $175.1 million or 11.0% of net sales for the same periods of the prior fiscal year. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA for the first nine months of fiscal 2024 is primarily due to increased net income due to pricing better matching inflationary impacts, product mix and improved efficiencies in the manufacturing platforms, as our operations team continues to drive excellence in our plants. This was partially offset by a $4.9 million pre-tax charge related to the plywood case, as described in Note P — Other Information above.

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Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted Net Income
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
January 31,January 31,
(in thousands, except share data)2024202320242023
Net income (GAAP)$21,227 $14,728 $89,418 $63,582 
Add back:
Acquisition and restructuring related expenses20 47 60 
Non-recurring restructuring charges— 1,310 (198)1,310 
Pension settlement, net— 293 — 48 
Amortization of customer relationship intangibles7,610 11,416 30,444 34,250 
Tax benefit of add backs(2,010)(3,341)(7,906)(9,202)
Adjusted net income (Non-GAAP)$26,834 $24,426 $111,805 $90,048 
Weighted average diluted shares (GAAP)16,124,198 16,695,714 16,380,756 16,661,234 
EPS per diluted share (GAAP)$1.32 $0.88 $5.46 $3.82 
Adjusted EPS per diluted share (Non-GAAP)$1.66 $1.46 $6.83 $5.40 

Outlook.  From a net sales perspective, including third fiscal quarter 2024 results, we continue to expect low-double digit declines in net sales versus fiscal year 2023, with high single digit declines in the fourth fiscal quarter. We are increasing and narrowing our Adjusted EBITDA expectation for the full fiscal year 2024 outlook to a range of $247 million to $253 million for fiscal 2024 (which includes the now completed first nine months). The increase in our expected outlook is due to the strong operational performance and execution we have achieved in the first nine months of fiscal 2024. Reiterating our outlook from the past quarter, we have begun operations in our new locations in Hamlet, North Carolina and Monterrey, Mexico, and will continue to ramp up production throughout the calendar year. This will negatively impact our results in the short-term, as we will be incurring operational expenses without the offsetting full revenue performance of these locations. The total impact of these expenses is expected to be approximately $8.0 million to $9.0 million in the full fiscal year 2024, with more than half of these charges occurring in the fourth fiscal quarter.

We have continued to deprioritize debt repayments, focus on investing back into the business and shares repurchases. Investments in property, plant and equipment for the first nine months of fiscal 2024 were $54.9 million compared to $17.1 million in the same period of the prior year. During the first nine months of fiscal 2024, we repurchased $71.8 million of the Company's common shares and have $105.4 million remaining authorization as of January 31, 2024. Lastly, we have our debt position at a leverage ratio we wanted to achieve and will be deprioritizing paying down debt during the remainder of fiscal 2024.

Additional risks and uncertainties that could affect the Company's results of operations and financial condition are discussed elsewhere in this report, including under "Forward-Looking Statements," and elsewhere in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023, including under Item 1A. "Risk Factors," Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and Item 7A. "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk."

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company's cash and cash equivalents totaled $97.8 million at January 31, 2024, representing a $56.1 million increase from its April 30, 2023 levels primarily due to $187.4 million cash provided by operations in the first nine months of fiscal 2024 compared with $110.8 million in the same period of the prior year, partially offset by $54.9 million in payments to acquire property, plant, and equipment, and $71.8 million of stock repurchases. The increase in the Company's cash from operating activities was driven primarily by an increase in net income and cash inflows from inventories, accounts payable, prepaid expenses and other assets, and accrued compensation and related expenses, partially offset by cash outflows from customer receivables, net, and income taxes. At January 31, 2024, total long-term debt (including current maturities) was $373.4 million. The Company's ratio of long-term debt to total capital was 29.3% at January 31, 2024, compared with 29.7% at April 30, 2023.
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The Company's main source of liquidity is its cash and cash equivalents on hand and generally cash generated from its operating activities. The Company can also borrow amounts under the Revolving Facility.

On April 22, 2021, the Company amended and restated its prior credit agreement and on January 17, 2023 the Company entered into an amendment of such agreement to transition the applicable interest rate from LIBOR to SOFR, effective January 31, 2023. The amended and restated credit agreement (the "A&R Credit Agreement") provides for a $500 million revolving loan facility with a $50 million sub-facility for the issuance of letters of credit (the "Revolving Facility") and a $250 million term loan facility (the "Term Loan Facility"). Also on April 22, 2021, the Company borrowed the entire $250 million under the Term Loan Facility and approximately $264 million under the Revolving Facility to fund, in part, the repayment in full of the amounts then outstanding under its prior credit agreement and the complete redemption of its 4.875% Senior Notes due 2026. The Company is required to repay the Term Loan Facility in specified quarterly installments. The Revolving Facility and Term Loan Facility mature on April 22, 2026. Approximately $322.9 million was available under the Revolving Facility as of January 31, 2024.

The A&R Credit Agreement includes certain financial covenants that require the Company to maintain (i) a "Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio" of no less than 2.00 to 1.00 and (ii) a "Total Net Leverage Ratio" of no greater than 4.00 to 1.00, subject, in each case, to certain limited exceptions.

The A&R Credit Agreement includes certain additional covenants, including negative covenants that restrict the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness, create additional liens on its assets, make certain investments, dispose of its assets or engage in a merger or other similar transaction or engage in transactions with affiliates, subject, in each case, to the various exceptions and conditions described in the A&R Credit Agreement. The negative covenants further restrict the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to make certain restricted payments, including, in the case of the Company, the payment of dividends and the repurchase of common stock, in certain limited circumstances. See Note K — Loans Payable and Long-Term Debt for a discussion of interest rates under the A&R Credit Agreement and our compliance with the covenants in the A&R Credit Agreement. We expect to remain in compliance with each of the covenants under the A&R Credit Agreement during the remainder of fiscal 2024.

As of January 31, 2024 and April 30, 2023, the Company had no off-balance sheet arrangements.

The Company's investing activities primarily consist of investment in property, plant and equipment and promotional displays. Net cash used for investing activities was $55.7 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2024, compared with $19.3 million in the comparable period of fiscal 2023.

During the first nine months of fiscal 2024, net cash used by financing activities was $75.6 million, compared with $68.1 million in the comparable period of the prior fiscal year. The increase in cash used during the first nine months of fiscal 2024 was primarily driven by $71.8 million of common stock repurchases, offset by a decrease in net debt repayments of $2.0 million during the first nine months of fiscal 2024 compared to $67.3 million of net debt repayments in the same period of the prior fiscal year.

On November 29, 2023 the Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $125 million of the Company's outstanding common shares. In conjunction with this authorization the Board of Directors cancelled the remaining $22.1 million that had yet to be repurchased under the $100 million existing authorization from May 25, 2021. Repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market, or through privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, in compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations, at prices and on terms the Company deems appropriate and subject to the Company's cash requirements for other purposes, compliance with the covenants under the A&R Credit Agreement, and other factors management deems relevant. The authorization does not obligate the Company to acquire a specific number of shares during any period, and the authorization may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time at the discretion of the Board. Management generally expects to fund any share repurchases using available cash and cash generated from operations. Repurchased shares will become authorized but unissued common shares. The Company repurchased $19.6 million of its common shares during the third quarter of fiscal 2024. As of January 31, 2024, $105.4 million of funds remained available from the amounts authorized by the Board to repurchase the Company's common stock.

Cash flow from operations combined with accumulated cash and cash equivalents on hand are expected to be more than sufficient to support forecasted working capital requirements, service existing debt obligations and fund capital expenditures for the remainder of fiscal 2024.

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Seasonal and Inflationary Factors

Our business has been subject to seasonal influences, with higher sales typically realized in our first and fourth fiscal quarters. General economic forces and changes in our customer mix have reduced seasonal fluctuations in revenue over the past few years. The costs of the Company's products are subject to inflationary pressures and commodity price fluctuations. The Company has generally been able, over time, to recover the effects of inflation and commodity price fluctuations through sales price increases.

Critical Accounting Policies

The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. There have been no significant changes to the Company's critical accounting policies as disclosed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The costs of the Company's products are subject to inflationary pressures and commodity price fluctuations. The Company has generally been able, over time, to recover the effects of inflation and commodity price fluctuations through sales price increases although there may be a lag in the recovery.

The A&R Credit Agreement includes a variable interest rate component. As a result, we are subject to interest rate risk with respect to such floating-rate debt. A 100 basis point increase in the variable interest rate component of our borrowings as of January 31, 2024 would increase our annual interest expense by approximately $1.7 million. See Note K — Loans Payable and Long-Term Debt for further discussion.

In May 2021, we entered into interest rate swaps to hedge approximately $200 million of our variable interest rate debt. See Note L — Derivative Financial Instruments for further discussion.

The Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts principally to offset currency fluctuations in transactions denominated in certain foreign currencies, thereby limiting our exposure to risk that would otherwise result from changes in exchange rates. The periods of the foreign exchange forward contracts correspond to the periods of the transactions denominated in foreign currencies.

The Company does not currently use commodity or similar financial instruments to manage its commodity price risks.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Senior management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of January 31, 2024. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

There has been no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended January 31, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings
 
The Company is involved in various suits and claims in the normal course of business all of which constitute ordinary, routine litigation incidental to the Company's business. The Company is not party to any material litigation that does not constitute ordinary, routine litigation incidental to its business. See Note P — Other Information for further discussion of the antidumping and countervailing duties investigation.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors
 
Risk factors that may affect the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition are described in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2023 and there have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed. Additional risks are discussed elsewhere in this report, including in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" under the headings "Forward-Looking Statements" and "Outlook."

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table details share repurchases made by the Company during the third quarter of fiscal 2024:
Share Repurchases
Total Number of Shares PurchasedAverage Price PaidTotal Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly AnnouncedApproximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Programs (000)
(1)Per SharePrograms(1)
November 1 - 30, 2023— $— — $125,000 
December 1 - 31, 2023— $— — $125,000 
January 1 - 31, 2024215,629 $91.16 215,629 $105,367 
Quarter ended January 31, 2024215,629 $91.16 215,629 $105,367 

(1) Under a stock repurchase authorization approved by its Board on November 29, 2023, the Company was authorized to purchase up to $125 million of the Company's common shares. Management funded these share repurchases using available cash and cash generated from operations. Repurchased shares became authorized but unissued common shares. At January 31, 2024, $105.4 million of funds remained from the amounts authorized by the Board to repurchase the Company's common shares. The Company purchased a total of 215,629 common shares, for an aggregate purchase price of $19.6 million, during the third quarter of fiscal 2024 under the authorization pursuant to a repurchase plan intended to comply with the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Item 5. Other Information

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans

During the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2024, none of the Company’s directors or executive officers adopted, terminated or modified a "Rule 10b5-1 trading agreement" or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits
 
Exhibit NumberDescription
Articles of Incorporation as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 31, 2004; Commission File No. 000-14798).
Bylaws – as amended effective January 16, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant's Form 8-K as filed on January 22, 2024; Commission File No. 000-14798).
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act (Filed Herewith).
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act (Filed Herewith).
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Exchange Act and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Filed Herewith).
101
Interactive Data File for the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended January 31, 2024 formatted in Inline XBRL (Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Filed Herewith).
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).
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SIGNATURES
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
AMERICAN WOODMARK CORPORATION
(Registrant)
 
 /s/ Paul Joachimczyk
 Paul Joachimczyk
 Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 
  
 Date: February 29, 2024
 Signing on behalf of the registrant and
 as principal financial and accounting officer
 
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