10-Q 1 cgnx-20240929.htm 10-Q cgnx-20240929
September 29, 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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-Q 
(Mark One)
Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the quarterly period ended September 29, 2024 or
Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number 001-34218
COGNEX CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Massachusetts 04-2713778
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

One Vision Drive
Natick, Massachusetts 01760-2059
(508) 650-3000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of principal executive offices)


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $.002 per shareCGNXThe NASDAQ Stock Market LLC


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  
 Yes   No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
 Yes   No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):
Large accelerated filer  Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer  Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company


If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    
 Yes   No  
As of September 29, 2024, there were 171,515,279 shares of Common Stock, $.002 par value per share, of the registrant outstanding.



INDEX
 
PART IFINANCIAL INFORMATION
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023

2


PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

COGNEX CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
 
 Three-months EndedNine-months Ended
September 29, 2024October 1, 2023September 29, 2024October 1, 2023
 (unaudited)(unaudited)
Revenue$234,742 $197,241 $684,831 $640,877 
Cost of revenue75,343 54,467 216,896 174,680 
Gross margin159,399 142,774 467,935 466,197 
Research, development, and engineering expenses35,210 32,580 107,277 104,707 
Selling, general, and administrative expenses92,625 82,307 276,433 248,767 
Loss (recovery) from fire (Note 17) (2,750) (5,250)
Operating income31,564 30,637 84,225 117,973 
Foreign currency gain (loss)1,221 (8,699)1,086 (9,910)
Investment income3,561 4,891 9,797 12,573 
Other income (expense)209 173 581 358 
Income before income tax expense36,555 27,002 95,689 120,994 
Income tax expense6,964 8,086 17,864 18,989 
Net income$29,591 $18,916 $77,825 $102,005 
Net income per weighted-average common and common-equivalent share:
Basic$0.17 $0.11 $0.45 $0.59 
Diluted$0.17 $0.11 $0.45 $0.59 
Weighted-average common and common-equivalent shares outstanding:
Basic171,519 172,169 171,588 172,408 
Diluted172,753 173,354 172,733 173,659 
Cash dividends per common share$0.075 $0.070 $0.225 $0.210 













 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3


COGNEX CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In thousands)
 
 Three-months EndedNine-months Ended
September 29, 2024October 1, 2023September 29, 2024October 1, 2023
 (unaudited)(unaudited)
Net income$29,591 $18,916 $77,825 $102,005 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Available-for-sale investments:
Net unrealized gain (loss), net of tax of $2,040 and $707 in the three-month periods, and net of tax of $2,493 and $1,981 in the nine-month periods, respectively
6,252 738 7,631 4,458 
Reclassification of net realized (gain) loss on the sale of available-for-sale investments into current operations 624 8 624 
Net change related to available-for-sale investments6,252 1,362 7,639 5,082 
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
Foreign currency translation adjustments26,511 (2,603)108 (5,828)
Net change related to foreign currency translation adjustments26,511 (2,603)108 (5,828)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax32,763 (1,241)7,747 (746)
Total comprehensive income (loss)$62,354 $17,675 $85,572 $101,259 



















The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4


COGNEX CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
 
September 29, 2024December 31, 2023
 (unaudited) 
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$197,075 $202,655 
Current investments, amortized cost of $91,658 and $132,799 in 2024 and 2023, respectively, allowance for credit losses of $0 in 2024 and 2023
90,803 129,392 
Accounts receivable, allowance for credit losses of $604 and $583 in 2024 and 2023, respectively
157,968 114,164 
Unbilled revenue2,117 2,402 
Inventories155,278 162,285 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets68,841 68,099 
Total current assets672,082 678,997 
Non-current investments, amortized cost of $318,268 and $250,790 in 2024 and 2023, respectively, allowance for credit losses of $0 in 2024 and 2023
319,287 244,230 
Property, plant, and equipment, net103,177 105,849 
Operating lease assets72,433 75,115 
Goodwill391,673 393,181 
Intangible assets, net102,550 112,952 
Deferred income taxes395,205 400,400 
Other assets6,840 7,088 
Total assets$2,063,247 $2,017,812 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable$29,984 $21,454 
Accrued expenses76,675 72,374 
Accrued income taxes24,226 16,907 
Deferred revenue and customer deposits30,045 31,525 
Operating lease liabilities9,806 9,624 
Total current liabilities170,736 151,884 
Non-current operating lease liabilities67,375 68,977 
Deferred income taxes230,368 246,877 
Reserve for income taxes26,491 26,685 
Non-current accrued income taxes 18,338 
Other liabilities1,251 299 
Total liabilities496,221 513,060 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value – Authorized: 400 shares in 2024 and 2023, respectively; no shares issued and outstanding
  
Common stock, $.002 par value – Authorized: 300,000 shares in 2024 and 2023, respectively; issued and outstanding: 171,515 and 171,599 shares in 2024 and 2023, respectively
343 343 
Additional paid-in capital1,076,363 1,037,202 
Retained earnings527,909 512,543 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax(37,589)(45,336)
Total shareholders’ equity1,567,026 1,504,752 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$2,063,247 $2,017,812 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5


COGNEX CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
 Nine-months Ended
September 29, 2024October 1, 2023
 (unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$77,825 $102,005 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Stock-based compensation expense39,367 41,518 
Depreciation of property, plant, and equipment15,904 12,557 
(Gain) loss on disposal of property, plant, and equipment (2)
Amortization of intangible assets8,926 2,428 
Excess and obsolete inventory charges1,968 1,703 
Fair value adjustment on acquired inventories (Note 18)1,224  
Amortization of discounts or premiums on investments437 1,347 
Realized (gain) loss on sale of investments8 624 
Change in deferred income taxes(13,440)(14,691)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable(43,669)(6,488)
Unbilled revenue298 534 
Inventories3,424 (12,954)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(1,420)(2,007)
Accounts payable9,567 (3,986)
Accrued expenses5,342 (13,214)
Accrued income taxes(11,060)(13,513)
Deferred revenue and customer deposits(1,703)(151)
Other4,679 2,715 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities97,677 98,425 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investments(649,020)(174,330)
Maturities and sales of investments622,240 402,160 
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment(12,970)(16,062)
Net payments related to business acquisitions (Note 18)(1,444) 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(41,194)211,768 
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net payments from issuance of common stock under stock plans(205)3,276 
Repurchase of common stock(23,841)(59,640)
Payment of dividends(38,619)(36,209)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(62,665)(92,573)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents602 (3,493)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents(5,580)214,127 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period202,655 181,374 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$197,075 $395,501 









The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6


COGNEX CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands)
 Common StockAdditional
Paid-in Capital
Retained EarningsAccumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 SharesPar Value
Balance as of June 30, 2024171,501 $343 $1,061,597 $515,142 $(70,352)$1,506,730 
Net issuance of common stock under stock plans96 1 1,665 — — 1,666 
Repurchase of common stock(82)(1)— (3,961)— (3,962)
Stock-based compensation expense— — 13,101 — — 13,101 
Payment of dividends ($0.075 per common share)
— — — (12,863)— (12,863)
Net income— — — 29,591 — 29,591 
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments, net of tax of $2,040
— — — — 6,252 6,252 
Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — — 26,511 26,511 
Balance as of September 29, 2024 (unaudited)
171,515 $343 $1,076,363 $527,909 $(37,589)$1,567,026 

 Common StockAdditional
Paid-in Capital
Retained EarningsAccumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 SharesPar Value
Balance as of July 2, 2023172,293 $345 $1,010,973 $537,947 $(68,802)$1,480,463 
Net issuance of common stock under stock plans40  622 — — 622 
Repurchase of common stock(191)(1)— (10,477)— (10,478)
Stock-based compensation expense— — 12,365 — — 12,365 
Payment of dividends ($0.070 per common share)
— — — (12,049)— (12,049)
Net income— — — 18,916 — 18,916 
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments, net of tax of $707
— — — — 738 738 
Reclassification of net realized (gain) loss on the sale of available-for-sale investments— — — — 624 624 
Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — — (2,603)(2,603)
Balance as of October 1, 2023 (unaudited)
172,142 $344 $1,023,960 $534,337 $(70,043)$1,488,598 






The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

COGNEX CORPORATION
7


CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands)
 Common StockAdditional
Paid-in Capital
Retained EarningsAccumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 SharesPar Value
Balance as of December 31, 2023
171,599 $343 $1,037,202 $512,543 $(45,336)$1,504,752 
Net issuance of common stock under stock plans471 1 (206)— — (205)
Repurchase of common stock(555)(1)— (23,840)— (23,841)
Stock-based compensation expense— — 39,367 — — 39,367 
Payment of dividends ($0.225 per common share)
— — — (38,619)— (38,619)
Net income— — — 77,825 — 77,825 
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments, net of tax of $2,493
— — — — 7,631 7,631 
Reclassification of net realized (gain) loss on the sale of available-for-sale investments— — — — 8 8 
Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — — 108 108 
Balance as of September 29, 2024 (unaudited)
171,515 $343 $1,076,363 $527,909 $(37,589)$1,567,026 

 Common StockAdditional
Paid-in Capital
Retained EarningsAccumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 SharesPar Value
Balance as of December 31, 2022
172,631 $345 $979,167 $528,179 $(69,297)$1,438,394 
Net issuance of common stock under stock plans668 1 3,275 — — 3,276 
Repurchase of common stock(1,157)(2)— (59,638)— (59,640)
Stock-based compensation expense— — 41,518 — — 41,518 
Payment of dividends ($0.210 per common share)
— — — (36,209)— (36,209)
Net income— — — 102,005 — 102,005 
Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments, net of tax of $1,981
— — — — 4,458 4,458 
Reclassification of net realized (gain) loss on the sale of available-for-sale investments— — — — 624 624 
Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — — (5,828)(5,828)
Balance as of October 1, 2023 (unaudited)
172,142 $344 $1,023,960 $534,337 $(70,043)$1,488,598 








The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
8


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

NOTE 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
As permitted by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission applicable to Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, these notes are condensed and do not contain all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Reference should be made to the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for a full description of other significant accounting policies.
In the opinion of the management of Cognex Corporation (the "Company"), the accompanying consolidated unaudited financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring adjustments, adjustments related to losses and recoveries from the fire at the Company's primary contract manufacturer (Note 17), and financial statement reclassifications necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of September 29, 2024, and the results of its operations for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023, and changes in shareholders’ equity, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the periods presented.
The results disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.
NOTE 2: New Pronouncements
Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures"
The amendments in this ASU apply to all entities that are subject to Topic 740, Income Taxes. The amendments require public business entities to disclose specific categories in their rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. They also require all entities to disclose income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes and by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid, net of refunds received, are equal to or greater than five percent of total income taxes paid. For public business entities, the amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis. Management does not expect ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements and disclosures.
Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures"
The amendments in this ASU apply to all public entities, including public entities with a single reportable segment, that are required to report segment information in accordance with Topic 280, Segment Reporting. The amendments require public business entities to provide in interim and annual periods one or more measures of segment profit or loss used by the chief operating decision maker to allocate resources and assess performance. Additionally, the amendments require disclosure of significant segment expenses and other segment items, as well as incremental qualitative disclosures. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The amendments in the ASU should be applied on a retrospective basis. We did not early adopt ASU 2023-07. Management does not expect ASU 2023-07 to have a material impact on the Company's financial statements and disclosures.

9


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
NOTE 3: Fair Value Measurements
Financial Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following table summarizes the financial assets and liabilities required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 29, 2024 (in thousands):
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs (Level 2)
Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Money market instruments$662 $ $ 
Corporate bonds 349,198  
Treasury notes 46,372  
Certificate of deposit 13,811  
Asset-backed securities 13,529  
Treasury bills 7,122  
Sovereign bonds 991  
Economic hedge forward contracts 234  
Liabilities:
Economic hedge forward contracts 152  
The Company’s money market instruments are reported at fair value based upon the daily market price for identical assets in active markets, and are therefore classified as Level 1.
The Company’s debt securities and forward contracts are reported at fair value based on model-driven valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, and are therefore classified as Level 2. Management is responsible for estimating the fair value of these financial assets and liabilities, and in doing so, considers valuations provided by a large, third-party pricing service. For debt securities, this service maintains regular contact with market makers, brokers, dealers, and analysts to gather information on market movement, direction, trends, and other specific data. They use this information to structure yield curves for various types of debt securities and arrive at the daily valuations. The Company's forward contracts are typically traded or executed in over-the-counter markets with a high degree of pricing transparency. The market participants are generally large commercial banks.
Non-financial Assets that are Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis
Non-financial assets, such as property, plant and equipment, operating lease assets, goodwill, and intangible assets, are required to be measured at fair value only when an impairment loss is recognized. The Company did not record impairment charges related to non-financial assets during the three-month or nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 or October 1, 2023.
10


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
NOTE 4: Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Investments
Cash, cash equivalents, and investments consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 29, 2024December 31, 2023
Cash$175,480 $183,242 
Certificate of deposit13,811  
Treasury bills7,122  
Money market instruments662 19,413 
Cash and cash equivalents197,075 202,655 
Corporate bonds84,503 124,851 
Asset-backed securities3,821 3,551 
Treasury notes2,479  
Sovereign bonds 990 
Current investments90,803 129,392 
Corporate bonds264,695 183,965 
Treasury notes43,893 43,523 
Asset-backed securities9,708 15,763 
Sovereign bonds991 979 
Non-current investments319,287 244,230 
$607,165 $576,277 
Corporate bonds consist of debt securities issued by both domestic and foreign companies; asset-backed securities consist of debt securities collateralized by pools of receivables or loans with credit enhancement; treasury notes consist of debt securities issued by the U.S. government; and sovereign bonds consist of direct debt issued by foreign governments. All of the Company's securities as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were denominated in U.S. Dollars.
Accrued interest receivable is recorded in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and amounted to $4,749,000 and $3,169,000 as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
The following table summarizes the Company’s available-for-sale investments as of September 29, 2024 (in thousands):
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Current:
Corporate bonds$85,309 $10 $(816)$84,503 
Asset-backed securities3,848  (27)3,821 
Treasury notes2,501  (22)2,479 
Non-current:
Corporate bonds263,582 2,978 (1,865)264,695 
Treasury notes43,465 428  43,893 
Asset-backed securities10,202 11 (505)9,708 
Sovereign bonds1,019  (28)991 
$409,926 $3,427 $(3,263)$410,090 
11


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
The following table summarizes the Company’s available-for-sale investments as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands):
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Current:
Corporate bonds$128,150 $ $(3,299)$124,851 
Asset-backed securities3,637  (86)3,551 
Sovereign bonds1,012  (22)990 
Non-current:
Corporate bonds189,326 506 (5,867)183,965 
Treasury notes43,654 82 (213)43,523 
Asset-backed securities16,773  (1,010)15,763 
Sovereign bonds1,037  (58)979 
$383,589 $588 $(10,555)$373,622 
The following table summarizes the Company’s gross unrealized losses and fair values for available-for-sale investments in an unrealized loss position as of September 29, 2024 (in thousands):
 Unrealized Loss Position For: 
 Less than 12 Months12 Months or GreaterTotal
 Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Corporate bonds$30,018 $(80)$127,990 $(2,601)$158,008 $(2,681)
Asset-backed securities  10,019 (532)10,019 (532)
Treasury notes  2,479 (22)2,479 (22)
Sovereign bonds  991 (28)991 (28)
$30,018 $(80)$141,479 $(3,183)$171,497 $(3,263)
The following table summarizes the Company’s gross unrealized losses and fair values for available-for-sale investments in an unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands):
 Unrealized Loss Position For: 
 Less than 12 Months12 Months or GreaterTotal
 Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Fair ValueUnrealized
Losses
Corporate bonds$30,770 $(359)$226,643 $(8,807)$257,413 $(9,166)
Treasury notes20,725 (153)2,441 (60)23,166 (213)
Asset-backed securities17,062 (1,049)2,252 (47)19,314 (1,096)
Sovereign bonds  1,968 (80)1,968 (80)
$68,557 $(1,561)$233,304 $(8,994)$301,861 $(10,555)
Management monitors debt securities that are in an unrealized loss position to determine whether a loss exists related to the credit quality of the issuer. When developing an estimate of expected credit losses, management considers all relevant information including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable forecasts of expected future cash flows. Based on this evaluation, no allowance for credit losses on debt securities was recorded as of September 29, 2024 or December 31, 2023. Management currently intends to hold these securities to full value recovery at maturity.
12


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
The following table summarizes the Company's gross realized gains and losses on the sale of debt securities for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 (in thousands):
Three-months EndedNine-months Ended
September 29, 2024October 1, 2023September 29, 2024October 1, 2023
Gross realized gains$ $109 $8 $109 
Gross realized losses (733)(16)(733)
Net realized gains (losses)$ $(624)$(8)$(624)
Realized gains and losses are included in "Investment income" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Prior to the sale of these securities, unrealized gains and losses for these debt securities, net of tax, were recorded in shareholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
The following table presents the effective maturity dates of the Company’s available-for-sale investments as of September 29, 2024 (in thousands):
<1 year1-2 Years2-3 Years3-4 Years4-5 Years5-8 YearsTotal
Corporate bonds$84,503 $63,389 $72,754 $68,795 $59,757 $ $349,198 
Treasury notes2,479 1,967 23,982 17,944   46,372 
Asset-backed securities3,821 3,974   2,104 3,630 13,529 
Sovereign bonds 991     991 
$90,803 $70,321 $96,736 $86,739 $61,861 $3,630 $410,090 

NOTE 5: Inventories
Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 29, 2024December 31, 2023
Raw materials$89,141 $93,201 
Work-in-process4,568 5,747 
Finished goods61,569 63,337 
$155,278 $162,285 
NOTE 6: Leases
The Company's leases are primarily leased properties across different worldwide locations where the Company conducts its operations. All of these leases are classified as operating leases. Certain leases may contain options to extend or terminate the lease at the Company's sole discretion. As of September 29, 2024, there were no options to terminate and twenty options to extend that were accounted for in the determination of the lease term for the Company's outstanding leases. Certain leases contain leasehold improvement incentives, retirement obligations, escalating clauses, rent holidays, and variable payments tied to a consumer price index. There were no restrictions or covenants for outstanding leases as of September 29, 2024.
The total operating lease expense for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 was $3,610,000 and $10,647,000, respectively. The total operating lease cash payments for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 were $3,516,000 and $10,130,000, respectively. The total lease expense for leases with a term of twelve months or less for which the Company elected not to recognize a lease asset or lease liability for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 was $52,000 and $191,000, respectively.
13


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
The total operating lease expense for the three-month and nine-month periods ended October 1, 2023 was $5,512,000 and $8,151,000, respectively. The total operating lease cash payments for the three-month and nine-month periods ended October 1, 2023 were $5,168,000 and $7,532,000, respectively. The total lease expense for leases with a term of twelve months or less for which the Company elected not to recognize a lease asset or lease liability for the three-month and nine-month periods ended October 1, 2023 was $132,000 and $292,000, respectively.
Future operating lease cash payments are as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,Amount
Remainder of fiscal 2024$3,657 
202513,148 
202611,064 
20279,966 
20289,389 
20298,786 
Thereafter46,700 
$102,710 
The discounted present value of the future lease cash payments resulted in a total lease liability of $77,181,000 and $78,601,000 as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company did not have any leases that had not yet commenced but that created significant rights and obligations as of September 29, 2024.
The Company leases a building in Singapore that serves as a distribution center for customers in Asia. The lease contains two components: an 88,000 square-foot premises that had a commencement date in June of 2023 and a second 27,000 square-foot premises that does not commence until the fourth quarter of 2025. Accordingly, the second component of the lease has not yet been recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, nor has it created any significant rights and obligations as of September 29, 2024. This second lease component has an original term of eight years and the Company has the right and option to extend this term by an additional five years, commencing upon the expiration of the original term. Future payment obligations associated with this lease component total $13,992,000, none of which is payable in 2024 and which reflects the estimated extension period of five years. Future payment obligations related to this lease component are not included in the future operating lease cash payments table above.
The weighted-average discount rate was 5.8% and 5.7% for leases outstanding as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The weighted-average remaining lease term was 10.0 and 10.5 years for the leases outstanding as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
NOTE 7: Goodwill
The changes in the carrying value of goodwill were as follows (in thousands):
Balance as of December 31, 2023$393,181 
  Foreign exchange rate changes(1,508)
Balance as of September 29, 2024$391,673 
14


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
NOTE 8: Intangible Assets
Amortized intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
Gross
Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Value
Customer relationships$75,370 $(9,675)$65,695 
Completed technologies61,521 (25,319)36,202 
Trademarks880 (293)587 
Non-compete agreements340 (274)66 
Balance as of September 29, 2024$138,111 $(35,561)$102,550 
 Gross
Carrying
Value
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Value
Customer relationships$75,965 $(5,352)$70,613 
Completed technologies62,123 (20,745)41,378 
Trademarks903 (50)853 
Non-compete agreements340 (232)108 
Balance as of December 31, 2023$139,331 $(26,379)$112,952 
As of September 29, 2024, estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):
Year Ended December 31,Amount
Remainder of fiscal 2024$2,623 
202510,267 
20269,955 
20278,976 
20288,246 
20298,246 
Thereafter54,237 
$102,550 
NOTE 9: Warranty Obligations
The Company records the estimated cost of fulfilling product warranties at the time of sale based upon historical costs to fulfill claims. Obligations may also be recorded subsequent to the time of sale whenever specific events or changes in circumstances impacting product quality become known that would not have been taken into account using historical data. While we engage in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of our component suppliers and third-party contract manufacturers, the Company’s warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, material usage, and service delivery costs incurred in correcting a product failure. An adverse change in any of these factors may result in the need for additional warranty provisions. Warranty obligations are included in “Accrued expenses” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The changes in the warranty obligation were as follows (in thousands):
Balance as of December 31, 2023$4,244 
Provisions for warranties issued during the period3,214 
Fulfillment of warranty obligations(2,845)
Foreign exchange rate changes4 
Balance as of September 29, 2024$4,617 
15


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
NOTE 10: Commitments and Contingencies
As of September 29, 2024, the Company had outstanding purchase orders totaling $38,153,000 to procure inventory from various vendors. Certain of these purchase orders may be canceled by the Company, subject to cancellation penalties. These purchase commitments relate primarily to expected sales in the next twelve months.
A significant portion of the Company's outstanding inventory purchase orders as of September 29, 2024, as well as additional preauthorized commitments to procure strategic components based on the Company's expected customer demand, are placed with the Company's primary contract manufacturer for the Company's assembled products. The Company has the obligation to purchase any non-cancelable and non-returnable components that have been purchased by the contract manufacturer with the Company's preauthorization, when these components have not been consumed within the period defined in the terms of the Company's agreement with this contract manufacturer. While the Company typically expects such purchased components to be used in future production of Cognex finished goods, these components are considered in the Company's reserve estimate for excess and obsolete inventory. Furthermore, the Company accrues for losses on commitments for the future purchase of non-cancelable and non-returnable components from this contract manufacturer at the time that circumstances, such as changes in demand, indicate that the value of the components may not be recoverable, the loss is probable, and management has the ability to reasonably estimate the amount of the loss.
Various claims and legal proceedings generally incidental to the normal course of business are pending or threatened on behalf of or against the Company. While we cannot predict the outcome of these matters, we believe that any liability arising from them will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity, or results of operations.
NOTE 11: Derivative Instruments
The Company’s foreign currency risk management strategy is principally designed to mitigate the potential financial impact of changes in the value of transactions and balances denominated in foreign currencies resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. The Company enters into economic hedges utilizing foreign currency forward contracts with maturities that do not exceed approximately three months to manage the exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates arising primarily from foreign-denominated receivables and payables. The gains and losses on these derivatives are intended to be offset by the changes in the fair value of the assets and liabilities being hedged. These economic hedges are not designated as hedging instruments for hedge accounting treatment.
Additionally, during the three-month period ended October 1, 2023, the Company entered into a foreign currency forward contract to exchange U.S. Dollars for ¥40,000,000,000 to hedge the purchase of Moritex Corporation (refer to Note 18 of the consolidated financial statements), which was paid in Japanese Yen. Upon the settlement of this contract, the Company recorded a foreign currency loss of $8,456,000, which was recorded in "Foreign currency gain (loss)" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three-month period ended October 1, 2023.
The Company had the following outstanding forward contracts (in thousands):
September 29, 2024December 31, 2023
CurrencyNotional
Value
USD
Equivalent
Notional
Value
USD
Equivalent
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Singapore Dollar38,500 $30,055 39,700 $30,136 
Chinese Renminbi200,000 28,709 50,000 7,025 
Euro20,800 23,245 40,000 44,302 
Mexican Peso238,000 12,016 145,000 8,505 
Hungarian Forint2,040,000 5,723 2,240,000 6,466 
Japanese Yen600,000 4,161 600,000 4,255 
British Pound2,900 3,894 3,345 4,258 
Swiss Franc1,205 1,429   
Canadian Dollar1,680 1,248 1,470 1,112 

16


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Information regarding the fair value of the outstanding forward contracts was as follows (in thousands):
 Asset DerivativesLiability Derivatives
 BalanceFair ValueBalanceFair Value
 Sheet
Location
September 29, 2024December 31, 2023Sheet
Location
September 29, 2024December 31, 2023
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Economic hedge forward contractsPrepaid expenses and other current assets$234 $151 Accrued expenses$152 $106 

The following table presents the gross activity for all derivative assets and liabilities which were presented on a net basis on the Consolidated Balance Sheets due to the right of offset with each counterparty (in thousands):
Asset DerivativesLiability Derivatives
September 29, 2024December 31, 2023September 29, 2024December 31, 2023
Gross amounts of recognized assets$234 $151 Gross amounts of recognized liabilities$152 $106 
Gross amounts offset  Gross amounts offset  
Net amount of assets presented$234 $151 Net amount of liabilities presented$152 $106 

Information regarding the effect of derivative instruments on the consolidated financial statements was as follows (in thousands):
 Location in Financial StatementsThree-months Ended
Nine-months Ended
 September 29, 2024October 1, 2023September 29, 2024October 1, 2023
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Gains (losses) recognized in current operationsForeign currency gain (loss)$944 $(7,527)$1,575 $(8,139)
17


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
NOTE 12: Revenue Recognition
The following table summarizes disaggregated revenue information by geographic area based upon the customer's country of domicile (in thousands):
Three-months EndedNine-months Ended
September 29, 2024October 1, 2023September 29, 2024October 1, 2023
Americas$82,293 $80,156 $250,590 $243,067 
Europe57,246 51,827 166,751 168,529 
Greater China45,301 34,485 129,760 139,837 
Other Asia49,902 30,773 137,730 89,444 
$234,742 $197,241 $684,831 $640,877 

The following table summarizes disaggregated revenue information by revenue type (in thousands):
Three-months EndedNine-months Ended
September 29, 2024October 1, 2023September 29, 2024October 1, 2023
Standard products and services$203,182 $170,104 $591,670 $555,831 
Application-specific customer solutions31,560 27,137 93,161 85,046 
$234,742 $197,241 $684,831 $640,877 
Costs to Fulfill a Contract
Costs to fulfill a contract are included in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and amounted to $11,261,000 and $13,265,000 as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets, and Contract Liabilities
Accounts receivable represent amounts billed and currently due from customers which are reported at their net estimated realizable value. The Company maintains an allowance against its accounts receivable for credit losses. Contract assets consist of unbilled revenue which arises when revenue is recognized in advance of billing for certain application-specific customer solutions contracts. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer deposits which arise when amounts are billed to or collected from customers in advance of revenue recognition.
The following table summarizes the allowance for credit losses activity for the nine-month period ended September 29, 2024 (in thousands):
Balance as of December 31, 2023$583 
Increases to the allowance for credit losses100 
Write-offs, net of recoveries(77)
Foreign exchange rate changes(2)
Balance as of September 29, 2024$604 
18


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
The following table summarizes the deferred revenue and customer deposits activity for the nine-month period ended September 29, 2024 (in thousands):
Balance as of December 31, 2023$31,525 
Deferral of revenue billed in the current period, net of recognition22,192 
Recognition of revenue deferred in prior period(23,720)
Foreign exchange rate changes48 
Balance as of September 29, 2024$30,045 
As a practical expedient, the Company has elected not to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations for our contracts that have an original expected duration of less than one year. The remaining unsatisfied performance obligations for our contracts that have an original expected duration of more than one year, primarily related to extended warranties, are not material.
NOTE 13: Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Stock Plans
The Company’s stock-based awards that result in compensation expense consist of stock options, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), and performance restricted stock units ("PRSUs"). In May 2023, the shareholders of the Company approved the Cognex Corporation 2023 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2023 Plan”). The 2023 Plan permits awards of stock options (both incentive and non-qualified options), stock appreciation rights, RSUs, and PRSUs. Up to 8,100,000 shares of common stock (subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits and other similar events) may be issued pursuant to awards granted under the 2023 Plan. In connection with the approval of the 2023 Plan, no further awards will be made under the Cognex Corporation 2001 General Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated (the “2001 Plan”), and the Cognex Corporation 2007 Stock Option and Incentive Plan, as amended and restated (the “2007 Plan”). With the approval of the 2023 Plan, the 10,610,800 shares of common stock subject to awards granted under the 2001 Plan and the 2007 Plan that were outstanding as of May 3, 2023 may become eligible for issuance under the 2023 Plan if such awards are forfeited, cancelled or otherwise terminated (other than by exercise) (the “Carryover Shares”). As of September 29, 2024, forfeitures, cancellations, and other terminations from the 2001 Plan and the 2007 Plan have resulted in 889,329 Carryover Shares, raising the authorized total shares that may be issued under the 2023 Plan to 8,989,329.
As of September 29, 2024, the Company had 6,049,613 shares available for grant under its stock plans. Stock options are granted with an exercise price equal to the market value of the Company’s common stock at the grant date and generally vest over four or five years based upon continuous service and expire ten years from the grant date. RSUs generally vest upon three or four years of continuous employment or incrementally over such three or four-year periods. PRSUs generally vest upon three years of continuous employment and achievement of performance criteria established by the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors on or prior to the grant date. Participants are not entitled to dividends on stock options, RSUs, or PRSUs.
19


COGNEX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Stock Options
The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the nine-month period ended September 29, 2024:
Shares
(in thousands)
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (in years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
9,008 $50.87 
Granted1,641 39.72 
Exercised(186)25.19 
Forfeited or expired(512)54.76 
Outstanding as of September 29, 2024
9,951 $49.31 5.89$13,032 
Exercisable as of September 29, 2024
5,781 $49.49 4.12$10,997 
Options vested or expected to vest as of September 29, 2024 (1)9,318 $49.52 5.71$12,609 
 (1) In addition to the vested options, the Company expects a portion of the unvested options to vest at some point in the future. Options expected to vest are calculated by applying an estimated forfeiture rate to the unvested options.

The total cash received as a result of stock option exercises for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 was $2,034,000 and $4,671,000, respectively, and for the three-month and nine-month periods ended October 1, 2023 was $889,000 and $11,006,000, respectively. In connection with these exercises, the tax expense realized by the Company for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 was $559,000 and $2,631,000, respectively, and for the three-month and nine-month periods ended October 1, 2023 was $100,000 and $3,993,000, respectively.

The fair values of stock options granted in each period presented were estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:
 Three-months EndedNine-months Ended
 September 29, 2024October 1, 2023September 29, 2024October 1, 2023
Risk-free rate3.7 %4.1 %4.3 %4.0 %
Expected dividend yield0.80 %