UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ___________ to ________
Commission file number
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
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(Registrant’s telephone number)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Trading Symbol(s) |
Name of each exchange on which registered |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐ |
Smaller reporting company |
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Non-accelerated filer ☐ |
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Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No
As of April 19, 2024, there were outstanding
Community Health Systems, Inc.
Form 10-Q
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
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Part I. |
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Financial Information |
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Item 1. |
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Financial Statements: |
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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (Unaudited) |
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |
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Item 2. |
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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21 |
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Item 3. |
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37 |
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Item 4. |
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37 |
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Part II. |
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38 |
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Item 1. |
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38 |
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Item 1A. |
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39 |
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Item 2. |
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39 |
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Item 3. |
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40 |
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Item 4. |
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40 |
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Item 5. |
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40 |
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Item 6. |
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41 |
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42 |
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COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF LOSS
(In millions, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended |
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March 31, |
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2024 |
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2023 |
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Net operating revenues |
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$ |
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$ |
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Operating costs and expenses: |
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Salaries and benefits |
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Supplies |
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Other operating expenses |
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Lease cost and rent |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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Impairment and (gain) loss on sale of businesses, net |
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Total operating costs and expenses |
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Income from operations |
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Interest expense, net |
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Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates |
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Income before income taxes |
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Provision for income taxes |
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Net loss |
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Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
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Net loss attributable to Community Health Systems, |
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$ |
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$ |
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Loss per share attributable to Community Health |
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Basic |
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$ |
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$ |
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Diluted |
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$ |
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$ |
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Weighted-average number of shares outstanding: |
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Basic |
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Diluted |
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See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
2
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended |
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March 31, |
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2024 |
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2023 |
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Net loss |
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$ |
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$ |
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Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes: |
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Net change in fair value of available-for-sale debt securities, |
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Other comprehensive (loss) income |
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Comprehensive loss |
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Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling |
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Comprehensive loss attributable to Community Health |
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$ |
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$ |
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See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions, except share data)
(Unaudited)
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March 31, |
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December 31, |
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ASSETS |
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Current assets: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
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$ |
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Patient accounts receivable |
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Supplies |
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Prepaid income taxes |
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Prepaid expenses and taxes |
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Other current assets |
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Total current assets |
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Property and equipment |
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Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
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Property and equipment, net |
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Goodwill |
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Deferred income taxes |
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Other assets, net |
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Total assets |
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$ |
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$ |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
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Current liabilities: |
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Current maturities of long-term debt |
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$ |
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$ |
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Current operating lease liabilities |
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Accounts payable |
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Accrued liabilities: |
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Employee compensation |
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Accrued interest |
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Other |
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Total current liabilities |
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Long-term debt |
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Deferred income taxes |
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Long-term operating lease liabilities |
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Other long-term liabilities |
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Total liabilities |
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Redeemable noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries |
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STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |
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Community Health Systems, Inc. stockholders’ deficit: |
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Preferred stock, $ |
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Common stock, $ |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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Accumulated deficit |
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Total Community Health Systems, Inc. stockholders’ deficit |
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Noncontrolling interests in equity of consolidated subsidiaries |
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Total stockholders’ deficit |
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Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit |
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$ |
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$ |
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See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended |
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March 31, |
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2024 |
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2023 |
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Cash flows from operating activities: |
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Net loss |
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$ |
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$ |
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Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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Deferred income taxes |
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Stock-based compensation expense |
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Impairment and (gain) loss on sale of businesses, net |
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Other non-cash expenses, net |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures: |
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Patient accounts receivable |
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Supplies, prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and income taxes |
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Other |
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
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Cash flows from investing activities: |
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Acquisitions of facilities and other related businesses |
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Purchases of property and equipment |
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Proceeds from disposition of hospitals and other ancillary operations |
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— |
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Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
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Purchases of available-for-sale debt securities and equity securities |
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Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale debt securities and equity securities |
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Purchases of investments in unconsolidated affiliates |
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Increase in other investments |
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Net cash used in investing activities |
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Cash flows from financing activities: |
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Repurchase of restricted stock shares for payroll tax withholding requirements |
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Proceeds from noncontrolling investors in joint ventures |
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— |
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Redemption of noncontrolling investments in joint ventures |
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— |
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Distributions to noncontrolling investors in joint ventures |
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Other borrowings |
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Proceeds from ABL Facility |
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Repayments of long-term indebtedness |
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
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Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
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$ |
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$ |
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Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
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Interest payments |
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$ |
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$ |
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Income tax payments, net |
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$ |
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$ |
— |
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See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Community Health Systems, Inc. (the “Parent Company”) and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 and for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). In the opinion of management, such information contains all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for such periods. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Certain information and disclosures normally included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted as permitted by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company believes the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023, contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 21, 2024 (“2023 Form 10-K”).
Noncontrolling interests in less-than-wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries of the Parent Company are presented as a component of total equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets to distinguish between the interests of the Parent Company and the interests of the noncontrolling owners. Noncontrolling interests that are redeemable or may become redeemable at a fixed or determinable price at the option of the holder or upon the occurrence of an event outside of the control of the Company are presented in mezzanine equity in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Substantially all of the Company’s operating costs and expenses are “cost of revenue” items. Operating costs that could be classified as general and administrative by the Company include the Company’s corporate office costs at its Franklin, Tennessee office, which were $
Throughout these notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, Community Health Systems, Inc., and its consolidated subsidiaries are referred to on a collective basis as the “Company.” This drafting style is not meant to indicate that the publicly-traded Parent Company or any particular subsidiary of the Parent Company owns or operates any asset, business, or property. The hospitals, operations and businesses described in this filing are owned and operated, and management services provided, by distinct and indirect subsidiaries of Community Health Systems, Inc.
Net Operating Revenues
Net operating revenues are recorded at the transaction price estimated by the Company to reflect the total consideration due from patients and third-party payors in exchange for providing goods and services in patient care. These services are considered to be a single performance obligation and have a duration of less than one year. Revenues are recorded as these goods and services are provided. The transaction price, which involves significant estimates, is determined based on the Company’s standard charges for the goods and services provided, with a reduction recorded for price concessions related to third party contractual arrangements as well as patient discounts and other patient price concessions. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the impact of changes to the inputs used to determine the transaction price was considered immaterial.
6
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
Currently, several states utilize supplemental reimbursement programs for the purpose of providing reimbursement to providers that is not specifically tied to an individual’s care, some of which offsets a portion of the cost of providing care to Medicaid and indigent patients. The programs are funded with a combination of state and federal resources, including, in certain instances, fees or taxes levied on the providers. The programs are generally authorized by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”) for a specified period of time and require CMS’s approval to be extended. Under these supplemental programs, the Company recognizes revenue and related expenses in the period in which amounts are estimable and payment is reasonably assured. Reimbursement under these programs is reflected in net operating revenues. Taxes or other program-related costs are reflected in other operating expenses.
The Company’s net operating revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 have been presented in the following table based on an allocation of the estimated transaction price with the patient between the primary patient classification of insurance coverage (in millions):
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Three Months Ended |
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March 31, |
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2024 |
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2023 |
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Medicare |
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$ |
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$ |
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Medicare Managed Care |
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Medicaid |
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Managed Care and other third-party payors |
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Self-pay |
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Total |
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$ |
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$ |
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Patient Accounts Receivable
Patient accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value based on certain assumptions determined by each payor. For third-party payors including Medicare, Medicare Managed Care, Medicaid and Managed Care, the net realizable value is based on the estimated contractual reimbursement percentage, which is based on current contract prices or historical paid claims data by payor. For self-pay accounts receivable, which includes patients who are uninsured and the patient responsibility portion for patients with insurance, the net realizable value is determined using estimates of historical collection experience without regard to aging category. These estimates are adjusted for estimated conversions of patient responsibility portions, expected recoveries and any anticipated changes in trends.
Patient accounts receivable can be impacted by the effectiveness of the Company’s collection efforts. Additionally, significant changes in payor mix, business office operations, economic conditions or trends in federal and state governmental healthcare coverage could affect the net realizable value of accounts receivable. The Company also continually reviews the net realizable value of accounts receivable by monitoring historical cash collections as a percentage of trailing net operating revenues, as well as by analyzing current period net operating revenues and admissions by payor classification, days revenue outstanding, the composition of self-pay receivables between pure self-pay patients and the patient responsibility portion of third-party insured receivables, the impact of recent acquisitions and dispositions and the impact of current macroeconomic conditions and other events.
Final settlements for some payors and programs are subject to adjustment based on administrative review and audit by third parties. As a result of these final settlements, the Company has recorded amounts due to third-party payors of $
7
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
Charity Care
In the ordinary course of business, the Company renders services to patients who are financially unable to pay for hospital care. The Company’s policy is to not pursue collections for such amounts; therefore, the related charges for those patients who are financially unable to pay and that otherwise do not qualify for reimbursement from a governmental program are not reported in net operating revenues, and are thus classified as charity care. The Company determines amounts that qualify for charity care based on the patient’s household income relative to the federal poverty level guidelines, as established by the federal government.
These charity care services are estimated to be $
Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded an impairment charge of approximately $
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recorded a net gain of approximately $
The Company will continue to evaluate the potential for impairment of the long-lived assets of hospitals and other held-and-used businesses as well as evaluate offers for potential sales, as applicable. Based on such analysis, additional impairment charges may be recorded in the future.
New Accounting Pronouncements. In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280), Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This ASU includes additional requirements for the disclosure of significant segment expenses and segment measure(s) of profit or loss, as well as new disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment and certain qualitative information about the chief operating decision maker. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The amendments in this ASU must be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This ASU establishes new requirements for the categorization and disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation as well as for disaggregation of income taxes paid. Additionally, this ASU modifies and eliminates certain existing requirements for indefinitely reinvested foreign earnings and unrecognized tax benefits. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that adoption of this ASU will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements.
The Company has evaluated all other recently issued, but not yet effective, ASUs and does not expect the eventual adoption of such ASUs to have a
8
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
2. ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock-based compensation awards have been granted under the Community Health Systems, Inc. Amended and Restated 2009 Stock Option and Award Plan, which was most recently amended and restated as of March 22, 2023 and most recently approved by the Company’s stockholders at the annual meeting of stockholders held on May 9, 2023 (the “2009 Plan”).
The 2009 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options intended to qualify under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) and for the grant of stock options which do not so qualify, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance-based shares or units and other share awards. Persons eligible to receive grants under the 2009 Plan include the Company’s directors, officers, employees and consultants. To date, all options granted under the 2009 Plan have been “nonqualified” stock options for tax purposes. Generally, these options vest in
The following table reflects the impact of total compensation expense related to stock-based equity plans on the reported operating results for the respective periods (in millions):
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Effect on income before income taxes |
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
( |
) |
Effect on net loss |
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
( |
) |
At March 31, 2024, $
The fair value of stock options was estimated using the Black Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions and weighted-average fair values during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:
|
|
Three Months Ended |
||
|
|
2024 |
|
2023 |
Expected volatility |
|
|
||
Expected dividends |
|
— |
|
— |
Expected term |
|
|
||
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
||
In determining the expected term, the Company examined concentrations of option holdings and historical patterns of option exercises and forfeitures, as well as forward-looking factors, in an effort to determine if there were any discernible employee populations. From this analysis, in determining the expected term for both of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company identified one population, consisting of persons receiving grants of stock options. The computation of expected term was performed using the simplified method for all stock options granted in the periods presented. The simplified method was used as a result of the Company determining that historical exercise data does not provide a reasonable basis for the expected term of its grants, due primarily to the limited number of stock option exercises that have occurred.
The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. The pre-vesting forfeiture rate is based on historical rates and forward-looking factors for each population identified. The Company adjusts the estimated forfeiture rate to its actual experience.
9
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
The expected volatility rate was estimated based on historical volatility. In determining expected volatility, the Company also reviewed the market-based implied volatility of actively traded options of its common stock and determined that historical volatility utilized to estimate the expected volatility rate did not differ significantly from the implied volatility.
Options outstanding and exercisable under the 2009 Plan as of March 31, 2024, and changes during the three-month period following December 31, 2023, was as follows (in millions, except share and per share data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
Aggregate |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
|
Average |
|
Intrinsic |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
|
Remaining |
|
Value as of |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise |
|
|
Contractual |
|
March 31, |
|
|||
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Price |
|
|
Term |
|
2024 |
|
|||
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Granted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Exercised |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited and cancelled |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Outstanding at March 31, 2024 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
||||
Exercisable at March 31, 2024 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|||
The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $
The Company has also awarded restricted stock under the 2009 Plan to employees of certain subsidiaries. With respect to time-based vesting restricted stock that has been awarded under the 2009 Plan, the restrictions on these shares have generally lapsed in
10
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
Restricted stock outstanding under the 2009 Plan as of March 31, 2024, and changes during the three-month period following December 31, 2023, was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
Average Grant |
|
||
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Date Fair Value |
|
||
Unvested at December 31, 2023 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
||
Granted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Vested |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
|
Forfeited |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
|
Unvested at March 31, 2024 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
RSUs have been granted to the Company’s non-management directors under the 2009 Plan. Each of the Company’s then serving non-management directors received grants under the 2009 Plan of
RSUs outstanding under the 2009 Plan as of March 31, 2024, and changes during the three-month period following December 31, 2023, was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
Average Grant |
|
||
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Date Fair Value |
|
||
Unvested at December 31, 2023 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
||
Granted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Vested |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
|
Forfeited |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Unvested at March 31, 2024 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
3. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
Acquisitions
The Company accounts for all transactions that represent business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting, where the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the acquired entity are recognized and measured at their fair values on the date the Company obtains control in the acquiree. Such fair values that are not finalized for reporting periods following the acquisition date are estimated and recorded as provisional amounts. Adjustments to these provisional amounts during the measurement period (defined as the date through which all information required to identify and measure the consideration transferred, the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interests has been obtained, limited to one year from the acquisition date) are recorded when identified. Goodwill is determined as the excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed in the acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired.
11
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
The Company accounts for asset acquisitions pursuant to a cost accumulation model. Direct transaction costs are recognized as part of the cost of an acquisition. The Company also evaluates which elements of a transaction should be accounted for as part of an asset acquisition and which should be accounted for separately. The cost of an asset acquisition, including transaction costs, is allocated to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on a relative fair value basis. Goodwill is not recognized in an asset acquisition.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, one or more subsidiaries of the Company paid approximately $
Divestitures
There were no hospital divestitures completed during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licensed |
|
|
Hospital |
|
Buyer |
|
City, State |
|
Beds |
|
Effective Date |
2023 Divestitures: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greenbrier Valley Medical Center |
|
Vandalia Health, Inc. |
|
Ronceverte, WV |
|
|
||
Plateau Medical Center |
|
Vandalia Health, Inc. |
|
Oak Hill, WV |
|
|
||
Medical Center of South Arkansas |
|
SARH Holdings, Inc. |
|
El Dorado, AR |
|
|
||
Lutheran Rehabilitation Hospital |
|
Select Medical Corporation |
|
Fort Wayne, IN |
|
|
||
AllianceHealth Ponca City |
|
Integris Health |
|
Ponca City, OK |
|
|
||
AllianceHealth Woodward |
|
Integris Health |
|
Woodward, OK |
|
|
||
Bravera Health Brooksville |
|
Tampa General Hospital |
|
Brooksville, FL |
|
|
||
Bravera Health Spring Hill |
|
Tampa General Hospital |
|
Spring Hill, FL |
|
|
||
Bravera Health Seven Rivers |
|
Tampa General Hospital |
|
Crystal River, FL |
|
|
On February 28, 2023, the Company entered into a definitive agreement for the sale of substantially all of the assets of Lake Norman Regional Medical Center (
The following table discloses amounts included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets for the hospitals classified as held-for-sale as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in millions). Other assets, net, primarily includes the net property and equipment and goodwill for the hospitals held-for-sale. No divestitures or potential divestitures meet the criteria for reporting as a discontinued operation as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
||
Other current assets |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||
Other assets, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Accrued liabilities |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
12
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
4. GOODWILL
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are as follows (in millions):
Balance, as of December 31, 2023 |
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
$ |
|
|
Accumulated impairment losses |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill acquired as part of acquisitions during current year |
|
|
— |
|
Goodwill allocated to hospitals divested or held-for-sale |
|
|
( |
) |
Balance, as of March 31, 2024 |
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
|
|
|
Accumulated impairment losses |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
$ |
|
|
Goodwill is allocated to each identified reporting unit, which is defined as an operating segment or one level below the operating segment (referred to as a component of the entity). Management has determined that the Company’s operating segment meets the criteria to be classified as a reporting unit.
Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually and when an event occurs or circumstances change that, more likely than not, reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. The Company performed its last annual goodwill impairment evaluation during the fourth quarter of 2023 using an October 31, 2023 measurement date, which indicated
The determination of fair value in the Company’s goodwill impairment analysis is based on an estimate of fair value for the reporting unit utilizing known and estimated inputs at the evaluation date. Some of those inputs include, but are not limited to, the most recent price of the Company’s common stock and fair value of long-term debt, the Company’s recent financial results, estimates of future revenue and expense growth, estimated market multiples, expected capital expenditures, income tax rates, costs of invested capital and a discount rate.
Future estimates of fair value could be adversely affected if the actual outcome of one or more of the assumptions described above changes materially in the future, including as a result of any decline in the Company’s stock price and the fair value of its long-term debt, an increase in the volatility of the Company’s stock price and the fair value of its long-term debt, lower-than-expected hospital volumes and/or net operating revenues, higher market interest rates, increased operating costs or other adverse impacts on the Company’s financial results. Such changes impacting the calculation of fair value could result in a material impairment charge in the future.
5. INCOME TAXES
The total amount of unrecognized benefit that would affect the effective tax rate, if recognized, was $
It is possible the amount of unrecognized tax benefit could change in the next 12 months as a result of a lapse of the statute of limitations and settlements with taxing authorities; however, the Company does not anticipate the change will have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated results of operations or financial position.
The Company’s income tax return for the
13
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
The Company’s provision for income taxes was $
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds received, resulted in a net payment of less than $
6. LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt, net of unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts or premiums, consists of the following (in millions):
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
||
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
⅝% Senior Secured Notes due |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
⅞% Senior Notes due |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
¼% Senior Secured Notes due |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
¾% Senior Secured Notes due |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
⅞% Senior Secured Notes due |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
⅞% Junior-Priority Secured Notes due |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
⅛% Junior-Priority Secured Notes due |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
ABL Facility |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Finance lease and financing obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Less: Unamortized deferred debt issuance costs and note premium |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
Total debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Less: Current maturities |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
Total long-term debt |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||
Pursuant to the asset-based loan (ABL) credit agreement, the lenders have extended to CHS/Community Health Systems, Inc. (“CHS”) a revolving asset-based loan facility (the “ABL Facility”). The maximum aggregate principal amount under the ABL Facility is $
The ABL Facility contains customary representations and warranties, subject to limitations and exceptions, and customary covenants restricting the Company’s ability, subject to certain exceptions, to, among other things (1) declare dividends, make distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock, (2) prepay, redeem or repurchase other debt, (3) incur liens or grant negative pledges, (4) make loans and investments and enter into acquisitions and joint ventures, (5) incur additional indebtedness or provide certain guarantees, (6) engage in mergers, acquisitions and asset sales, (7) conduct transactions with affiliates, (8) alter the nature of the Company’s, CHS’ or the guarantors’ businesses, (9) grant certain guarantees with respect to physician practices, (10) engage in sale and leaseback transactions or (11) change the Company’s fiscal year. The Company is also required to comply with a consolidated fixed coverage ratio, upon certain triggering events described below, and various affirmative covenants. The consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio is calculated as the ratio of (x) consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the ABL Facility) less capital expenditures to (y) the sum of consolidated interest expense (as defined in the ABL Facility), scheduled principal payments, income taxes and restricted payments made in cash or in permitted investments. For purposes of calculating the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, the calculation of consolidated EBITDA as defined in the ABL Facility is a trailing 12-month calculation that begins with the Company’s consolidated net income, with certain adjustments for interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, stock compensation expense, restructuring costs, and the financial impact of other non-cash or non-recurring items recorded during any such 12-month period. The consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio is a required covenant only in periods where the total borrowings outstanding under the ABL Facility reduce the amount available in the facility to less than the greater of (i) $
14
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
million available under the ABL Facility, the Company would need to comply with the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio. At March 31, 2024, the Company is not subject to the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio as such triggering event had not occurred during the twelve months ended March 31, 2024.
The Company paid interest of $
7. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The fair value of financial instruments has been estimated by the Company using available market information as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, and valuation methodologies considered appropriate. The estimates presented in the table below are not necessarily indicative of amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange (in millions):
|
|
March 31, 2024 |
|
|
December 31, 2023 |
|
||||||||||
|
|
Carrying |
|
|
Estimated |
|
|
Carrying |
|
|
Estimated |
|
||||
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Value |
|
||||
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||||
Investments in equity securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Available-for-sale debt securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Trading securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
8% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
8% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
5⅝% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
6⅞% Senior Notes due 2028 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
6% Senior Secured Notes due 2029 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
5¼% Senior Secured Notes due 2030 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
4¾% Senior Secured Notes due 2031 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
10⅞% Senior Secured Notes due 2032 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
6⅞% Junior-Priority Secured Notes due 2029 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
6⅛% Junior-Priority Secured Notes due 2030 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
ABL Facility and other debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
The carrying value of the Company’s long-term debt in the above table is presented net of unamortized deferred debt issuance costs. The estimated fair value is determined using the methodologies discussed below in accordance with accounting standards related to the determination of fair value based on the U.S. GAAP fair value hierarchy as discussed in Note 8. The estimated fair value for financial instruments with a fair value that does not equal its carrying value is considered a Level 1 valuation. The Company utilizes the market approach and obtains indicative pricing through publicly available subscription services such as Bloomberg to determine fair values where relevant.
Cash and cash equivalents. The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments (less than three months).
Investments in equity securities. Estimated fair value is based on closing price as quoted in public markets.
Available-for-sale debt securities. Estimated fair value is based on closing price as quoted in public markets or other various valuation techniques.
Trading securities. Estimated fair value is based on closing price as quoted in public markets.
Senior Notes, Senior Secured Notes and Junior-Priority Secured Notes. Estimated fair value is based on the closing market price for these notes.
ABL Facility and other debt. The carrying amount of the ABL Facility and all other debt approximates fair value due to the nature of these obligations.
15
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
8. FAIR VALUE
Fair Value Hierarchy
Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. Therefore, a fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the Company utilizes the U.S. GAAP fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumption about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy).
The inputs used to measure fair value are classified into the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 includes values determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques reflecting the Company’s own assumptions.
In instances where the determination of the fair value hierarchy measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment of factors specific to the asset or liability. Transfers between levels within the fair value hierarchy are recognized by the Company on the date of the change in circumstances that requires such transfer. There were
The following table sets forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, the financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in millions):
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
Level 1 |
|
|
Level 2 |
|
|
Level 3 |
|
||||
Investments in equity securities |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
||
Available-for-sale debt securities |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
||
Trading securities |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
||
Total assets |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|||
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
Level 1 |
|
|
Level 2 |
|
|
Level 3 |
|
||||
Investments in equity securities |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
||
Available-for-sale debt securities |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
||
Trading securities |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
||
Total assets |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|||
Investments in equity securities classified as Level 1 are measured using quoted market prices. Level 2 available-for-sale debt securities and trading securities primarily consist of bonds and notes issued by the United States government and its agencies and domestic and foreign corporations. The estimated fair values of these securities are determined using various valuation techniques, including a multi-dimensional relational model that incorporates standard observable inputs and assumptions such as benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids/offers and other pertinent reference data.
16
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
9. LEASES
The Company utilizes operating and finance leases for the use of certain hospitals, medical office buildings, and medical equipment.
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
Lease Cost |
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Operating lease cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Operating lease cost |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||
Short-term rent expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Variable lease cost |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Sublease income |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
Total operating lease cost |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||
Finance lease cost: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Amortization of right-of-use assets |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||
Interest on finance lease liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total finance lease cost |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows (in millions):
|
|
Balance Sheet Classification |
|
March 31, 2024 |
|
|
December 31, 2023 |
|
||
Operating Leases: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Operating lease right-of-use assets |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Finance Leases: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Finance lease right-of-use assets |
|
Property and equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Land and improvements |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
Buildings and improvements |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Equipment and fixtures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Property and equipment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Current finance lease liabilities |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|||
Long-term finance lease liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows (in millions):
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
Cash flow information |
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Operating cash flows from operating leases (1) |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
||
Operating cash flows from finance leases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Financing cash flows from finance leases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
_______________________________
17
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
10. STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Authorized capital shares of the Company include
The Company is a holding company, which operates through its subsidiaries. The ABL Facility and the indentures governing each series of the Company’s outstanding notes contain various covenants under which the assets of the subsidiaries of the Company are subject to certain restrictions relating to, among other matters, dividends and distributions, as referenced in the paragraph below.
The ABL Facility and the indentures governing each series of the Company’s outstanding notes restrict the Company’s subsidiaries from, among other matters, paying dividends and making distributions to the Company, which thereby limits the Company’s ability to pay dividends and/or repurchase stock. As of March 31, 2024, under the most restrictive test in these agreements (and subject to certain exceptions), the Company has approximately $
The schedule below presents the reconciliation of the carrying amount of total equity, equity attributable to the Company’s stockholders, and equity attributable to noncontrolling interests as of March 31, 2024, and during the three-month period following December 31, 2023 (in millions). Other reclassifications of noncontrolling interests reflects reclassification of amounts from redeemable noncontrolling interests to noncontrolling interests due to the expiration of redemption features.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Community Health Systems, Inc. Stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
|
Redeemable |
|
|
|
Common |
|
|
Additional |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
Noncontrolling |
|
|
Total |
|
|||||||
Balance, December 31, 2023 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
( |
) |
||||
Comprehensive income (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
( |
) |
||
Distributions to noncontrolling |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
Adjustment to redemption value of |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
||
Cancellation of restricted stock for |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
Other reclassifications of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
|
Share-based compensation |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
||
Balance, March 31, 2024 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
( |
) |
||||
The following schedule presents the reconciliation of the carrying amount of total equity, equity attributable to the Company’s stockholders, and equity attributable to the noncontrolling interests as of March 31, 2023, and during the three-month period following December 31, 2022 (in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Community Health Systems, Inc. Stockholders |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
|
Redeemable |
|
|
|
Common |
|
|
Additional |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
Noncontrolling |
|
|
Total |
|
|||||||
Balance, December 31, 2022 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
( |
) |
||||
Comprehensive income (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
( |
) |
|||
Distributions to noncontrolling |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
( |
) |
Purchases of subsidiary shares |
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Contributions from noncontrolling |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Adjustment to redemption value of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
Cancellation of restricted stock for |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
( |
) |
Share-based compensation |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
|
||
Balance, March 31, 2023 |
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
( |
) |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
( |
) |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
18
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
11. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table sets forth the components of the denominator for the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for net loss attributable to Community Health Systems, Inc. stockholders:
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding — basic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Effect of dilutive securities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Restricted stock awards |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Employee stock options |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other equity-based awards |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding — diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
The Company generated a loss attributable to Community Health Systems, Inc. stockholders for both of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, so the effect of dilutive securities is not considered because their effect would be antidilutive. If the Company had generated income during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the effect of restricted stock awards, employee stock options, and other equity-based awards on the diluted shares calculation would have been an increase of
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Dilutive securities outstanding not included in the computation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Employee stock options and restricted stock awards |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
12. CONTINGENCIES
The Company is a party to various legal, regulatory and governmental proceedings incidental to its business. Based on current knowledge, management does not believe that loss contingencies arising from pending legal, regulatory and governmental matters will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or liquidity of the Company. However, in light of the inherent uncertainties involved in pending legal, regulatory and governmental matters, some of which are beyond the Company’s control, and the very large or indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to the Company’s results of operations or cash flows for any particular reporting period.
With respect to all legal, regulatory and governmental proceedings, the Company considers the likelihood of a negative outcome. If the Company determines the likelihood of a negative outcome with respect to any such matter is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company records an accrual for the estimated loss for the expected outcome of the matter. If the likelihood of a negative outcome with respect to material matters is reasonably possible and the Company is able to determine an estimate of the possible loss or a range of loss, whether in excess of a related accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability, the Company discloses the estimate of the possible loss or range of loss. However, the Company is unable to estimate a possible loss or range of loss in some instances based on the significant uncertainties involved in, and/or the preliminary nature of, certain legal, regulatory and governmental matters.
19
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) – (continued)
The table below presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending liability balances (in millions) during the three months ended March 31, 2024, with respect to the Company’s determination of the contingencies of the Company in respect of which an accrual has been recorded. The liability as of March 31, 2024 is comprised of individually insignificant amounts for various matters.
Summary of Recorded Amounts
|
|
Probable |
|
|
|
|
Contingencies |
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2023 |
|
$ |
|
|
Expense |
|
|
— |
|
Reserve for insured claim |
|
|
( |
) |
Cash payments |
|
|
— |
|
Balance as of March 31, 2024 |
|
$ |
|
|
In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, the Company establishes a liability for litigation, regulatory and governmental matters for which, based on information currently available, the Company believes that a negative outcome is known or is probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. For all such matters (whether or not discussed in this contingencies footnote), such amounts have been recorded in other accrued liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and are included in the table above. Due to the uncertainties and difficulty in predicting the ultimate resolution of these contingencies, the actual amount could differ from the estimated amount reflected as a liability in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
13. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On April 18, 2024, subsidiaries of the Company entered into a definitive agreement for the sale of substantially all of the assets of Tennova Healthcare - Cleveland (
20
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read this discussion together with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included herein.
Throughout this Form 10-Q, we refer to Community Health Systems, Inc., or the Parent Company, and its consolidated subsidiaries in a simplified manner and on a collective basis, using words like “we,” “our,” “us” and the “Company.” This drafting style is suggested by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, and is not meant to indicate that the publicly-traded Parent Company or any particular subsidiary of the Parent Company owns or operates any asset, business or property. The hospitals, operations and businesses described in this filing are owned and operated by distinct and indirect subsidiaries of Community Health Systems, Inc.
We are one of the nation’s largest healthcare companies. Our affiliates are leading providers of healthcare services, developing and operating healthcare delivery systems in 40 distinct markets across 15 states. As of March 31, 2024, our subsidiaries own or lease 71 affiliated hospitals, with approximately 12,000 beds, and operate more than 1,000 sites of care, including physician practices, urgent care centers, freestanding emergency departments, occupational medicine clinics, imaging centers, cancer centers and ambulatory surgery centers. We generate revenues by providing a broad range of general and specialized hospital healthcare services and outpatient services to patients in the communities in which we are located. For the hospitals and other sites of care that we own and operate, we are paid for our services by governmental agencies, private insurers and directly by the patients we serve.
Acquisition and Divestiture Activity
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we paid approximately $1 million to acquire the operating assets and related businesses of certain physician practices and clinics that operate within the communities served by our hospitals. The purchase price for these transactions was primarily allocated to working capital and property and equipment.
There were no hospital divestitures completed during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The following table provides a summary of hospitals that we divested (or, in the case of Lutheran Rehabilitation Hospital, in which we sold a majority interest) during the year ended December 31, 2023:
Hospital |
|
Buyer |
|
City, State |
|
Licensed |
|
Effective Date |
2023 Divestitures: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greenbrier Valley Medical Center |
|
Vandalia Health, Inc. |
|
Ronceverte, WV |
|
122 |
|
January 1, 2023 |
Plateau Medical Center |
|
Vandalia Health, Inc. |
|
Oak Hill, WV |
|
25 |
|
April 1, 2023 |
Medical Center of South Arkansas |
|
SARH Holdings, Inc. |
|
El Dorado, AR |
|
166 |
|
July 1, 2023 |
Lutheran Rehabilitation Hospital |
|
Select Medical Corporation |
|
Fort Wayne, IN |
|
36 |
|
September 1, 2023 |
AllianceHealth Ponca City |
|
Integris Health |
|
Ponca City, OK |
|
140 |
|
November 1, 2023 |
AllianceHealth Woodward |
|
Integris Health |
|
Woodward, OK |
|
87 |
|
November 1, 2023 |
Bravera Health Brooksville |
|
Tampa General Hospital |
|
Brooksville, FL |
|
120 |
|
December 1, 2023 |
Bravera Health Spring Hill |
|
Tampa General Hospital |
|
Spring Hill, FL |
|
124 |
|
December 1, 2023 |
Bravera Health Seven Rivers |
|
Tampa General Hospital |
|
Crystal River, FL |
|
128 |
|
December 1, 2023 |
21
In addition to hospitals divested in 2023, we have entered into definitive agreements to sell a total of three hospitals where the divestiture has not yet been completed. The following sets forth such definitive agreements:
There can be no assurance that these potential divestitures subject to definitive agreements will be completed, or if they are completed, the ultimate timing of the completion of the divestitures.
Moreover, we may give consideration to divesting certain additional hospitals and non-hospital businesses. Generally, these hospitals and non-hospital businesses are not in one of our strategically beneficial services areas, are less complementary to our business strategy and/or have lower operating margins. In addition, we continue to receive interest from potential acquirers for certain of our hospitals and non-hospital businesses. As such, we may sell additional hospitals and/or non-hospital businesses if we consider any such disposition to be in our best interests. We expect proceeds from any such divestitures to be used for general corporate purposes (including potential debt repayments and/or debt repurchases) and capital expenditures.
Overview of Operating Results
Net operating revenues increased from $3.108 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $3.140 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024. On a same-store basis, net operating revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased $170 million.
We had net loss of $6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to a net loss of $20 million for the same period in 2023. Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 included the following:
Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2023 included the following:
Consolidated inpatient admissions for the three months ended March 31, 2024, decreased 2.3%, compared to the same period in 2023. Consolidated adjusted admissions for the three months ended March 31, 2024, decreased 4.0%, compared to the same period in 2023. Same-store inpatient admissions for the three months ended March 31, 2024, increased 3.8%, compared to the same period in 2023, and same-store adjusted admissions for the three months ended March 31, 2024, increased 1.9%, compared to the same period in 2023.
Self-pay revenues represented approximately 1.4% and 0.8% of net operating revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The amount of foregone revenue related to providing charity care services as a percentage of net operating revenues was approximately 10.1% and 10.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Direct and indirect costs incurred in providing charity care services as a percentage of net operating revenues was approximately 1.0% and 1.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
22
Overview of Legislative and Other Governmental Developments
The healthcare industry is subject to changing political, regulatory, and economic influences that may affect our business. In recent years, the U.S. Congress and certain state legislatures have introduced and passed a large number of proposals and legislation affecting the healthcare system, including laws intended to impact access to health insurance and reduce healthcare costs and government spending. The most prominent of these efforts, the Affordable Care Act, affects how healthcare services are covered, delivered and reimbursed, and expanded health insurance coverage through a combination of public program expansion and private sector health insurance reforms. The Affordable Care Act has been, and continues to be, subject to legislative and regulatory changes and court challenges. To increase access to health insurance during the COVID-19 pandemic, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, or the ARPA, enhanced subsidies for individuals eligible to purchase coverage through Affordable Care Act marketplaces. Subsequent legislation extended these enhanced subsidies through 2025. In addition, COVID-related legislation enacted during the early stages of the pandemic required states to maintain continuous Medicaid enrollment, among other conditions, in order to receive a temporary increase in federal funds for Medicaid expenditures. The expiration of this “continuous coverage” requirement in April 2023 has resulted in significant Medicaid coverage disruptions and disenrollments. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, or CMS, has required certain states to pause disenrollments due to noncompliant renewal systems. These and other changes and initiatives may impact the number of individuals that elect to obtain public or private health insurance or the scope of such coverage, if obtained.
Of critical importance to us is the potential impact of any changes specific to the Medicaid program, including the funding and expansion provisions of the Affordable Care Act and subsequent legislation or agency initiatives. Historically, the states with the greatest reductions in the number of uninsured adult residents have been those that have expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act. A number of states have opted out of the Medicaid coverage expansion provisions, but could ultimately decide to expand their programs at a later date. Of the 15 states in which we operated hospitals as of March 31, 2024, nine states have taken action to expand their Medicaid programs. The other six states have not, including Florida, Alabama, Tennessee, Mississippi and Texas, where we operated a significant number of hospitals as of March 31, 2024. Some states use, or have applied to use, waivers granted by CMS to implement expansion, impose different eligibility or enrollment conditions, or otherwise implement programs that vary from federal standards.
Other recent reform initiatives and proposals at the federal and state levels include those focused on price transparency and limiting out-of-network charges, which may impact prices, our competitive position and the relationships between hospitals, insurers, patients, and ancillary providers (such as anesthesiologists, radiologists, and pathologists). For example, the No Surprises Act imposes various requirements on providers and health plans intended to prevent “surprise” medical bills. Among other restrictions and requirements, the law prohibits providers from charging patients an amount beyond the in-network cost sharing amount for services rendered by out-of-network providers, subject to limited exceptions. For services for which balance billing is prohibited (even when no balance billing occurs), the No Surprises Act may limit the amounts received by out-of-network providers from health plans, and also establishes a dispute resolution process for providers and payors to handle payment disputes that cannot be resolved through direct negotiations. The regulations and related guidance implementing the No Surprises Act have been and continue to be subject to legal challenges. The No Surprises Act also requires providers to provide a good faith estimate of expected charges to uninsured or self-pay patients for scheduled items and services, in advance of the date of the scheduled item or service or upon request. Based on these estimates, patients may invoke a patient-provider dispute resolution process established by the regulations to challenge charges in certain circumstances.
Other trends toward transparency and value-based purchasing may impact the competitive position and patient volumes of providers. For example, the CMS Care Compare website makes available to the public certain data that hospitals submit in connection with Medicare reimbursement claims, including hospital performance data on quality measures and patient satisfaction. In addition, Medicare reimbursement for hospitals is adjusted based on quality and efficiency measures, and CMS currently administers various accountable care organizations and bundled payment demonstration projects. The CMS Innovation Center has highlighted the need to accelerate the movement to value-based care and drive broader system transformation.
23
Throughout the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic that began in 2020, federal and state governments passed legislation, promulgated regulations and took other administrative actions intended to assist healthcare providers in providing care to COVID-19 and other patients during the public health emergency and to provide financial relief to healthcare providers. The public health emergency declared by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS, in response to the pandemic expired in May 2023. Although federal and state governments have terminated most of the temporary measures that were implemented to assist providers, the effects of certain of these measures, including those intended to provide financial relief during the public health emergency, continue to impact providers. For example, the Budget Control Act of 2011 sequestration was extended several times as part of COVID-relief and subsequent legislation, and the payment reductions are currently set to continue through April 2032. Further, the ARPA, in addition to providing funding for healthcare providers, increased the federal budget deficit in a manner that triggers an additional statutorily mandated sequestration under the Pay-As-You Go Act of 2010. As a result, an additional Medicare spending reduction of up to 4% was required to take effect in January 2022. However, Congress has delayed implementation of this payment reduction until 2025. We anticipate that the federal deficit will continue to place pressure on government healthcare programs, and it is possible that future deficit reduction legislation will impose additional spending reductions.
We did not receive or recognize any significant level of payments or benefits under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or the CARES Act, or other COVID-19 related stimulus and relief legislation, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and do not expect to receive or recognize any significant level of payments or benefits under the CARES Act and other existing legislation related to COVID-19 in future periods.
Reimbursement by government programs may be affected by broad shifts in payment policy. For example, recent changes related to the 340B Drug Pricing Program have implications for all hospitals reimbursed under the outpatient prospective payment system, or PPS, including those, like ours, that do not participate in the program. In 2018, CMS implemented a payment policy that reduced Medicare payments for 340B hospitals for most drugs obtained at 340B-discounted rates and that resulted in increased payments for non-340B hospitals. In June 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court, in American Hospital Association v. Becerra, invalidated past payment cuts for hospitals participating in the 340B Drug Pricing Program. In light of the U.S. Supreme Court decision and to achieve budget neutrality, CMS implemented a reduction of approximately 3.1% to payment rates for non-drug services under the outpatient PPS for calendar year 2023. In addition, HHS directed that $9 billion be paid to affected 340B providers in one-time lump sum payments as the remedy for calendar years 2018 through 2022. Moreover, in order to comply with budget neutrality requirements, HHS finalized a corresponding offset in future non-drug item and service payments for all outpatient PPS providers (except new providers) that will reduce the outpatient PPS conversion factor by 0.5% annually. This adjustment will start in calendar year 2026 and continue for approximately 16 years. This reduction to payment rates adversely affected our results for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and the reduction to the outpatient PPS conversion factor as noted above is anticipated to adversely impact our future results.
Sources of Revenue
The following table presents the approximate percentages of net operating revenues by payor source for the periods indicated. The data for the periods presented are not strictly comparable due to the effect that businesses acquired, sold, closed or opened during each of the respective periods, as applicable, have had on these statistics.
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Medicare |
|
|
19.0 |
% |
|
|
20.9 |
% |
Medicare Managed Care |
|
|
18.4 |
|
|
|
17.5 |
|
Medicaid |
|
|
14.1 |
|
|
|
13.6 |
|
Managed Care and other third-party payors |
|
|
47.1 |
|
|
|
47.2 |
|
Self-pay |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
Total |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
As shown above, we receive a substantial portion of our revenues from the Medicare, Medicare Managed Care and Medicaid programs. Included in Managed Care and other third-party payors is net operating revenues from insurance companies with which we have insurance provider contracts, insurance companies for which we do not have insurance provider contracts, workers’ compensation carriers and non-patient service revenue, such as gain (loss) on investments, rental income and cafeteria sales. We generally expect the portion of revenues received from the Medicare, Medicare Managed Care and Medicaid programs to increase over the long-term due to the general aging of the population and other factors, including health reform initiatives. There has been a trend toward increased enrollment in Medicare Managed Care and Medicaid managed care programs, which may adversely affect our net operating revenues. We may also be impacted by regulatory requirements imposed on insurers, such as minimum medical-loss ratios and specific benefit requirements. Furthermore, in the normal course of business, managed care programs, insurance companies and employers actively negotiate the amounts paid to hospitals. Our relationships with payors may be impacted by price transparency
24
initiatives and out-of-network billing restrictions, including those in the No Surprises Act. There can be no assurance that we will retain our existing reimbursement arrangements or that third-party payors will not attempt to further reduce the rates they pay for our services.
Net operating revenues include amounts estimated by management to be reimbursable by Medicare and Medicaid under prospective payment systems and provisions of cost-based reimbursement and other payment methods. In addition, we are reimbursed by non-governmental payors using a variety of payment methodologies. Amounts we receive for the treatment of patients covered by Medicare, Medicaid and non-governmental payors are generally less than our standard billing rates. We account for the differences between the estimated program reimbursement rates and our standard billing rates as contractual allowance adjustments, which we deduct from gross revenues to arrive at net operating revenues. Final settlements under some of these programs are subject to adjustment based on administrative review and audit by third parties. We account for adjustments to previous program reimbursement estimates as contractual allowance adjustments and report them in the periods that such adjustments become known. Contractual allowance adjustments related to final settlements and previous program reimbursement estimates impacted net operating revenues by an insignificant amount in each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
The payment rates under the Medicare program for hospital inpatient and outpatient acute care services are based on prospective payment systems, which depend upon a patient’s diagnosis or the clinical complexity of services provided to a patient, among other factors. These rates are indexed for inflation annually, although increases have historically been less than actual inflation. On August 1, 2023, CMS published the final rule to increase this index by 3.3% for hospital inpatient acute care services that are reimbursed under the prospective payment system for federal fiscal year 2024 (which began October 1, 2023). Together with other changes to payment policies, payment rates for hospital inpatient acute care services are expected to increase approximately 3.1%. Hospitals that do not submit required patient quality data are subject to a reduction in payments. We are complying with this data submission requirement. Payments may also be affected by various other adjustments, including those that depend on patient-specific or hospital specific factors. For example, the “two midnight rule” establishes admission and medical review criteria for inpatient services limiting when services to Medicare beneficiaries are payable as inpatient hospital services. Reductions in the rate of increase or overall reductions in Medicare reimbursement may cause a decline in the growth of our net operating revenues.
Payment rates under the Medicaid program vary by state. In addition to the base payment rates for specific claims for services rendered to Medicaid enrollees, several states utilize supplemental reimbursement programs to make separate payments that are not specifically tied to an individual’s care, some of which offset a portion of the cost of providing care to Medicaid and indigent patients. These programs are funded with a combination of state and federal resources, including, in certain instances, fees or taxes levied on the providers. The programs are generally authorized by CMS for a specified period of time and require CMS’s approval to be extended. We are unable to predict whether or on what terms CMS will extend the supplemental programs in the states in which we operate. Under these supplemental programs, we recognize revenue and related expenses in the period in which amounts are estimable and payment is reasonably assured. Reimbursement under these programs is reflected in net operating revenues and included as Medicaid revenue in the table above, and fees, taxes or other program related costs are reflected in other operating expenses.
Results of Operations
Our hospitals and other sites of care offer a broad variety of inpatient and outpatient medical and surgical services. These include general acute care, emergency room, general and specialty surgery, critical care, internal medicine, obstetrics, diagnostic services, psychiatric and rehabilitation services. Utilization of services and our results of operations are dependent on a multitude of factors including seasonal fluctuations in demand. Historically, the strongest demand for hospital services generally occurs during the winter months, and the weakest demand generally occurs during the summer months.
25
The following tables summarize, for the periods indicated, selected operating data.
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|||||
|
|
March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Operating results, as a percentage of net operating revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net operating revenues |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Operating expenses (a) |
|
|
(88.4 |
) |
|
|
(89.7 |
) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(3.7 |
) |
|
|
(4.2 |
) |
Impairment and (gain) loss on sale of businesses, net |
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
0.7 |
|
Income from operations |
|
|
7.4 |
|
|
|
6.8 |
|
Interest expense, net |
|
|
(6.8 |
) |
|
|
(6.7 |
) |
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates |
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
(0.9 |
) |
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
Net loss |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
(0.6 |
) |
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
(1.1 |
) |
|
|
(1.0 |
) |
Net loss attributable to Community Health |
|
|
(1.3 |
)% |
|
|
(1.6 |
)% |
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Percentage increase (decrease) from prior year: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net operating revenues |
|
|
1.0 |
% |
|
|
(0.1 |
)% |
Admissions (b) |
|
|
(2.3 |
) |
|
|
1.2 |
|
Adjusted admissions (c) |
|
|
(4.0 |
) |
|
|
5.8 |
|
Average length of stay (d) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(9.8 |
) |
Net loss attributable to Community Health |
|
|
19.6 |
|
|
|
(5,000.0 |
) |
Same-store percentage increase from prior year (e): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Net operating revenues |
|
|
5.7 |
% |
|
|
1.7 |
% |
Admissions (b) |
|
|
3.8 |
|
|
|
4.8 |
|
Adjusted admissions (c) |
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
9.4 |
|
Items (b) through (e) are metrics used to manage our performance. These metrics provide useful insight to investors about the volume and acuity of services we provide, which aid in evaluating our financial results.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Net operating revenues increased to $3.140 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $3.108 billion for the same period in 2023. Net operating revenues on a same-store basis from hospitals that were operated throughout both periods increased $170 million, or 5.7%, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023. On a period-over-period basis, the increase in net operating revenues was primarily attributable to increased reimbursement rates and higher revenues from supplemental reimbursement programs. Non-same-store net operating revenues decreased $138 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023, with the decrease primarily attributable to the divestiture of hospitals in 2023. On a consolidated basis, inpatient admissions decreased by 2.3% and adjusted admissions decreased by 4.0% during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023. On a same-store basis, net operating revenues per adjusted admission increased 3.7%, while inpatient admissions increased by 3.8% and adjusted admissions increased by 1.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023.
26
Operating costs and expenses, as a percentage of net operating revenues, decreased from 93.2% during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to 92.6% during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Operating costs and expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization and impairment and (gain) loss on sale of businesses, as a percentage of net operating revenues, decreased from 89.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 to 88.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Salaries and benefits, as a percentage of net operating revenues, decreased from 43.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 to 43.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to an increase in net operating revenues. Supplies, as a percentage of net operating revenues, decreased from 16.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 to 15.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to changes in the mix of surgical services and cost savings initiatives. Other operating expenses, as a percentage of net operating revenues, remained consistent at 26.9% for both of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, primarily due to increased expense for supplemental reimbursement programs, offset by decreased costs for contract labor and an increase in net operating revenues. Lease cost and rent, as a percentage of net operating revenues, decreased from 2.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 to 2.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Depreciation and amortization, as a percentage of net operating revenues, decreased to 3.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from 4.2% for the same period in 2023, primarily due to an increase in net operating revenues and a reduction in the amortization of capitalized internal-use software.
Impairment and (gain) loss on sale of businesses, net was expense of $17 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to a gain of $22 million for the same period in 2023. The expense recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was recorded to reduce the carrying value of several assets that were idled, disposed of or held-for-sale. The gain recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 related primarily to divestiture activity during the respective period as discussed more specifically under “Acquisition, Divestiture and Closure Activity” herein.
Interest expense, net, increased by $4 million to $211 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $207 million for the same period in 2023 due primarily to financing activities in 2023.
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, as a percentage of net operating revenues, remained consistent at (0.1)% for both of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
The net results of the above-mentioned changes resulted in income before income taxes increasing $16 million to $22 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $6 million for the same period in 2023.
Our provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $28 million and $26 million, respectively, and the effective tax rates were 127.3% and 433.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in the provision for income taxes and the difference in our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023 was due to an increase in income before income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023.
Net loss, as a percentage of net operating revenues, was (0.2)% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to (0.6)% for the same period in 2023.
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests as a percentage of net operating revenues was 1.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to 1.0% for the same period in 2023.
Net loss attributable to Community Health Systems, Inc. stockholders was $(41) million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $(51) million for the same period in 2023.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Net cash provided by operating activities increased $91 million, from approximately $5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, to approximately $96 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in cash provided by operating activities is primarily due to increased collections of patient accounts receivable and decreases in payments for professional liability claims and interest. Cash paid for interest was $149 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $197 million for the same period in 2023. Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds received, resulted in a net payment of less than $1 million during both of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
27
Net cash used in investing activities was approximately $99 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to approximately $19 million for the same period in 2023. Net cash used in investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was impacted by a decrease of $92 million in cash proceeds from dispositions of hospitals and other ancillary operations and a decrease of $27 million in cash from the net impact of the purchases and sales of available-for-sale debt and equity securities, offset by a decrease of $29 million in cash used for the purchase of property and equipment.
Our net cash provided by financing activities was approximately $13 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to approximately $40 million for the same period in 2023, a change of $27 million. This was primarily due to the net impact of our debt borrowings and repayments during the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023.
Liquidity
Net working capital was approximately $1.0 billion at March 31, 2024 and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2023. Net working capital decreased by approximately $27 million between December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2024. The decrease is primarily due to decreases in patient accounts receivable and prepaid income taxes and increases in current maturities of long-term debt, accounts payable and accrued interest during the three months ended March 31, 2024, partially offset by increases in cash and other current assets and decreases in current operating lease liabilities, accrued liabilities for employee compensation and other current liabilities.
In addition to cash flows from operations, available sources of capital include amounts available under the asset-based loan (ABL) credit agreement, or the ABL Credit Agreement, and anticipated access to public and private debt markets as well as proceeds from the disposition of hospitals or other investments such as our minority equity interests in various businesses, as applicable.
Pursuant to the ABL Credit Agreement, the lenders have extended to CHS/Community Health Systems, Inc., or CHS, a revolving asset-based loan facility, or ABL Facility. The maximum aggregate amount under the ABL Facility is $1.0 billion, subject to borrowing base capacity. At March 31, 2024, we had outstanding borrowings of $302 million and approximately $618 million of additional borrowing capacity (after taking into consideration $67 million of outstanding letters of credit) under the ABL Facility. The issued letters of credit were primarily in support of potential insurance-related claims and certain bonds. Letters of credit were reduced during the three months ended March 31, 2024 by $14 million, primarily in relation to a professional liability claim that was settled and funded during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Principal amounts outstanding under the ABL Facility, if any, will be due and payable in full on November 22, 2026.
Additional Liquidity Information
Our ability to meet the restricted covenants and financial ratios and tests in the ABL Facility and the indentures governing our outstanding notes can be affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot assure you that we will meet those tests. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under the ABL Facility and/or the indentures that govern our outstanding notes. Upon the occurrence of an event of default under the ABL Facility or indentures that govern our outstanding notes, all amounts outstanding under the ABL Facility and the indentures that govern our outstanding notes may become immediately due and payable and all commitments under the ABL Facility to extend further credit may be terminated.
As of March 31, 2024, approximately $34 million of our outstanding debt of approximately $11.6 billion is due within the next 12 months.
Net proceeds from divestitures, if any, are expected to be used for general corporate purposes (including potential debt repayments and/or debt repurchases) and capital expenditures.
We believe that our current levels of cash, internally generated cash flows and current levels of availability for additional borrowing under the ABL Facility, our anticipated continued access to the capital markets, and the use of proceeds from any potential future dispositions as noted above, will be sufficient to finance acquisitions, capital expenditures, working capital requirements, and any debt repurchases or other debt repayments we may elect to make or be required to make through the next 12 months and the foreseeable future thereafter. However, ongoing negative economic conditions (including inflationary conditions and elevated interest rate levels) have resulted in, and may continue to result in, significant disruptions of financial and capital markets, which could reduce our ability to access capital and negatively affect our liquidity in the future.
We may elect from time to time to purchase our outstanding debt in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Any such debt repurchases will depend upon prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, applicable securities law requirements and other factors.
28
There have been no material changes outside of the ordinary course of business to our upcoming cash obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2024, from those disclosed under “Capital Resources” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the 2023 Form 10-K.
Capital Resources
Cash expenditures for purchases of facilities and other related businesses were approximately $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $8 million for the same period in 2023. Our expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were primarily related to physician practices and clinics.
Capital expenditures relate primarily to expansion and renovation of existing facilities, construction of additional access points such as free-standing emergency departments and ambulatory surgery centers, investments in higher acuity service lines and information technology infrastructure, as well as routine expenditures for equipment, minor renovations and other upgrades. Capital expenditures totaled $93 million and $122 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We expect total capital expenditures of approximately $350 million to $400 million in 2024.
Pursuant to a hospital purchase agreement from our March 1, 2016 acquisition of Northwest Health - Starke, formerly known as Starke Hospital, we committed to spend up to $15 million toward the construction of a replacement facility in Knox, Indiana. Construction is required to be completed within five years of the date we enter into a new lease with Starke County, Indiana, the hospital lessor, or in the event we do not enter into a new lease with Starke County, construction shall be completed by September 30, 2026. We have not entered into a new lease with the lessor for Northwest Health - Starke.
Reimbursement, Legislative and Regulatory Changes
Ongoing legislative and regulatory efforts, and judicial interpretations, could reduce or otherwise adversely affect the payments we receive from Medicare and Medicaid and other payors. Within the statutory framework of the Medicare and Medicaid programs, there are substantial areas subject to administrative rulings, interpretations and discretion, and which are at times subject to court challenges, which may further affect payments made under those programs. Further, the federal and state governments might, in the future, reduce the funds available under those programs, require repayment of previously received funds or require more stringent utilization and quality reviews of hospital facilities. Additionally, there may be a continued rise in managed care programs and further restructuring of the financing and delivery of healthcare in the United States. These events could cause our future financial results to be adversely impacted. We cannot estimate the impact of Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement changes that have been enacted or otherwise determined or that are currently or may in the future be under consideration. We cannot predict whether additional reimbursement reductions will be made or whether any such changes or other restructuring of the financing and delivery of healthcare would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, results of operations, cash flow, capital resources and liquidity.
Critical Accounting Policies
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our condensed consolidated financial statements. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Critical accounting policies are defined as those policies that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the financial condition or results of operations of the registrant. We believe that our critical accounting policies are limited to those described below. The following information should be read in conjunction with our significant accounting policies included in Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part II, Item 8 of the 2023 Form 10-K.
Revenue Recognition
Net operating revenues include amounts estimated by management to be reimbursable by Medicare and Medicaid under prospective payment systems and provisions of cost-reimbursement and other payment methods. In addition, we are reimbursed by non-governmental payors using a variety of payment methodologies. Amounts we receive for treatment of patients covered by these programs are generally less than our standard billing rates. Explicit price concessions are recorded for contractual allowances that are calculated and recorded through a combination of internally- and externally-developed data collection and analysis tools to automate the monthly estimation of required contractual allowances. Within these automated systems, payors’ historical paid claims data and contracted amounts are utilized to calculate the contractual allowances. This data is updated on a monthly basis. All hospital
29
contractual allowance calculations are subjected to monthly review by management to ensure reasonableness and accuracy. We account for the differences between the estimated program reimbursement rates and the standard billing rates as contractual allowance adjustments, which is one component of the deductions from gross revenues to arrive at net operating revenues. The process of estimating contractual allowances requires us to estimate the amount expected to be received based on payor contract provisions. The key assumption in this process is the estimated contractual reimbursement percentage, which is based on payor classification, historical paid claims data and, when applicable, application of the expected managed care plan reimbursement based on contract terms.
Due to the complexities involved in these estimates, actual payments we receive could be different from the amounts we estimate and record. If the actual contractual reimbursement percentage under government programs and managed care contracts differed by 1% at March 31, 2024 from our estimated reimbursement percentage, net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 would have changed by approximately $102 million, and net accounts receivable at March 31, 2024 would have changed by $131 million. Final settlements under some of these programs are subject to adjustment based on administrative review and audit by third parties. We account for adjustments to previous program reimbursement estimates as contractual allowance adjustments and report them in the periods that such adjustments become known. Contractual allowance adjustments related to final settlements and previous program reimbursement estimates impacted net operating revenues by an insignificant amount for both of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
Patient Accounts Receivable
Substantially all of our accounts receivable are related to providing healthcare services to patients at our hospitals and affiliated businesses. Collection of these accounts receivable is our primary source of cash and is critical to our operating performance. Our primary collection risks relate to uninsured patients and outstanding patient balances for which the primary insurance payor has paid some but not all of the outstanding balance, with the remaining outstanding balance (generally deductibles and co-payments) owed by the patient. For all procedures scheduled in advance, our policy is to verify insurance coverage prior to the date of the procedure. Insurance coverage is not verified in advance of procedures for walk-in and emergency room patients.
We estimate any adjustments to the transaction price for implicit price concessions by reserving a percentage of all self-pay accounts receivable without regard to aging category, based on collection history, adjusted for expected recoveries and any anticipated changes in trends. Our ability to estimate the transaction price and any implicit price concessions is not impacted by not utilizing an aging of our net accounts receivable as we believe that substantially all of the risk exists at the point in time such accounts are identified as self-pay. The percentage used to reserve for all self-pay accounts is based on our collection history. We believe that we collect substantially all of our third-party insured receivables, which include receivables from governmental agencies.
Patient accounts receivable can be impacted by the effectiveness of our collection efforts and, as described in our significant accounting policies included in Note 1 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, numerous factors may affect the net realizable value of accounts receivable. If the actual collection percentage differed by 1% at March 31, 2024 from our estimated collection percentage as a result of a change in expected recoveries, net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 would have changed by $37 million, and net accounts receivable at March 31, 2024 would have changed by $48 million. We also continually review our overall reserve adequacy by monitoring historical cash collections as a percentage of trailing net operating revenues, as well as by analyzing current period net operating revenues and admissions by payor classification, days revenue outstanding, the composition of self-pay receivables between pure self-pay patients and the patient responsibility portion of third-party insured receivables and the impact of recent acquisitions and dispositions.
Our policy is to write-off gross accounts receivable if the balance is under $10.00 or when such amounts are placed with outside collection agencies. We believe this policy accurately reflects our ongoing collection efforts and is consistent with industry practices. We had approximately $1.7 billion at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, being pursued by various outside collection agencies. We expect to collect less than 4%, net of estimated collection fees, of the amounts being pursued by outside collection agencies. As these amounts have been written-off, they are not included in our accounts receivable. Collections on amounts previously written-off are recognized as a recovery of net operating revenues when received. However, we take into consideration estimated collections of these future amounts written-off in determining the implicit price concessions used to measure the transaction price for the applicable portfolio of patient accounts receivable.
All of the following information is derived from our hospitals, excluding clinics, unless otherwise noted.
Patient accounts receivable from our hospitals represent approximately 97% of our total consolidated accounts receivable.
Days revenue outstanding, adjusted for the impact of receivables for state Medicaid supplemental payment programs and divested facilities, was 59 days at March 31, 2024 and 58 days at December 31, 2023.
30
Total gross accounts receivable (prior to allowance for contractual adjustments and implicit price concessions) was approximately $17.4 billion and $16.8 billion as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The approximate percentage of total gross accounts receivable (prior to allowance for contractual adjustments and implicit price concessions) summarized by aging categories is as follows:
As of March 31, 2024: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
% of Gross Receivables |
|
|||||||||||||
Payor |
|
0 - 90 |
|
|
90 - 180 |
|
|
180 - 365 |
|
|
Over 365 |
|
||||
Medicare |
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
— |
% |
|
|
— |
% |
Medicare Managed Care |
|
|
17 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
Medicaid |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
Managed Care and other third-party payors |
|
|
17 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
Self-Pay |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
As of December 31, 2023: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
% of Gross Receivables |
|
|||||||||||||
Payor |
|
0 - 90 |
|
|
90 - 180 |
|
|
180 - 365 |
|
|
Over 365 |
|
||||
Medicare |
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
— |
% |
Medicare Managed Care |
|
|
16 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
2 |
% |
Medicaid |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
1 |
% |
Managed Care and other third-party payors |
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
|
|
3 |
% |
Self-Pay |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
6 |
% |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
8 |
% |
The approximate percentage of total gross accounts receivable (prior to allowances for contractual adjustments and implicit price concessions) summarized by payor is as follows:
|
|
March 31, |
|
|
December 31 |
|
||
|
|
2024 |
|
|
2023 |
|
||
Insured receivables |
|
|
73.1 |
% |
|
|
72.1 |
% |
Self-pay receivables |
|
|
26.9 |
|
|
|
27.9 |
|
Total |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
The combined total at our hospitals and clinics for the estimated implicit price concessions for self-pay accounts receivable and allowances for other self-pay discounts and contractuals, as a percentage of gross self-pay receivables, was approximately 91% at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. If the receivables that have been written-off, but where collections are still being pursued by outside collection agencies, were included in both the allowances and gross self-pay receivables specified above, the percentage of combined allowances to total self-pay receivables would have been 93% at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Goodwill
At March 31, 2024, we had approximately $4.0 billion of goodwill recorded, all of which resides at our hospital operations reporting unit. Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed in an acquisition over the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually and when an event occurs or circumstances change that, more likely than not, reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. We performed our last annual goodwill impairment evaluation during the fourth quarter of 2023 using the October 31, 2023 measurement date, which indicated no impairment.
The determination of fair value in our goodwill impairment analysis is based on an estimate of fair value for the hospital operations reporting unit utilizing known and estimated inputs at the evaluation date. Some of those inputs include, but are not limited to, the most recent price of our common stock and fair value of our long-term debt, our recent financial results, estimates of future revenue and expense growth, estimated market multiples, expected capital expenditures, income tax rates, costs of invested capital and a discount rate.
Future estimates of fair value could be adversely affected if the actual outcome of one or more of the assumptions described above changes materially in the future, including as a result of any decline in or increased volatility of our stock price and the fair value of our long-term debt, lower than expected hospital volumes and/or net operating revenues, higher market interest rates, increased operating costs or other adverse impacts on our financial results. Such changes impacting the calculation of our fair value could result in a material impairment charge in the future.
31
Professional Liability Claims
As part of our business of providing healthcare services, we are subject to legal actions alleging liability on our part. We accrue for losses resulting from such liability claims, as well as loss adjustment expenses that are out-of-pocket and directly related to such liability claims. These direct out-of-pocket expenses include fees of outside counsel and experts. We do not accrue for costs that are part of our corporate overhead, such as the costs of our in-house legal and risk management departments. The losses resulting from professional liability claims primarily consist of estimates for known claims, as well as estimates for incurred but not reported claims. The estimates are based on specific claim facts, our historical claim reporting and payment patterns, the nature and level of our hospital operations, and actuarially determined projections. The actuarially determined projections are based on our actual claim data, including historic reporting and payment patterns, which have been gathered over the life of the Company. As discussed below, since we purchase excess insurance on a claims-made basis that transfers risk to third-party insurers, the estimated liability for professional and general liability claims does include an amount for the losses covered by our excess insurance. We also record a receivable for the expected reimbursement of losses covered by our excess insurance. Since we believe that the amount and timing of our future claims payments are reliably determinable, we discount the amount we accrue for losses resulting from professional liability claims.
The net present value of the projected payments was discounted using a weighted-average risk-free rate of approximately 3.7% at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. This liability is adjusted for new claims information in the period such information becomes known to us. Professional liability expense includes the losses resulting from professional liability claims and loss adjustment expense, as well as excess insurance premiums, and is presented within other operating expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of loss.
Our processes for obtaining and analyzing claims and incident data are standardized across all of our businesses and have been consistent for many years. We monitor the outcomes of the medical care services that we provide and for each reported claim, we obtain various information concerning the facts and circumstances related to that claim. In addition, we routinely monitor current key statistics and volume indicators in our assessment of utilizing historical trends. The average lag period between claim occurrence and payment of a final settlement is between three and four years, although the facts and circumstances of individual claims could result in the timing of such payments being different from this average. Since claims are paid promptly after settlement with the claimant is reached, settled claims represent approximately 4% or less of the total liability at the end of any period.
For purposes of estimating our individual claim accruals, we utilize specific claim information, including the nature of the claim, the expected claim amount, the year in which the claim occurred and the laws of the jurisdiction in which the claim occurred. Once the case accruals for known claims are determined, information is stratified by loss layers and retentions, accident years, reported years and geography. Several actuarial methods are used against this data to produce estimates of ultimate paid losses and reserves for incurred but not reported claims. Each of these methods uses our company-specific historical claims data and other information. Company-specific data includes information regarding our business, including historical paid losses and loss adjustment expenses, historical and current case loss reserves, actual and projected hospital statistical data, a variety of hospital census information, employed physician information, professional liability retentions for each policy year, geographic information and other data. Significant assumptions are made on the basis of the aforementioned information in estimating reserves for incurred but not reported claims. A 1% change in assumptions for either severity or frequency as of March 31, 2024 would have increased or decreased the reserve between $5 million to $15 million.
Based on these analyses, we determine our estimate of the professional liability claims. The determination of management’s estimate, including the preparation of the reserve analysis that supports such estimate, involves subjective judgment of management. Changes in reserve data or the trends and factors that influence reserve data may signal fundamental shifts in our future claim development patterns or may simply reflect single-period anomalies. Even if a change reflects a fundamental shift, the full extent of the change may not become evident until years later. Moreover, since our methods and models use different types of data and we select our liability from the results of all of these methods, we typically cannot quantify the precise impact of such factors on our estimates of the liability. Due to our standardized and consistent processes for handling claims and the long history and depth of our company-specific data, our methodologies have historically produced reliably determinable estimates of ultimate paid losses. Management considers any changes in the amount and pattern of its historical paid losses up through the most recent reporting period to identify any fundamental shifts or trends in claim development experience in determining the estimate of professional liability claims. However, due to the subjective nature of this estimate and the impact that previously unforeseen shifts in actual claim experience can have, future estimates of professional liability could be adversely impacted when actual paid losses develop unexpectedly based on assumptions and settlement events that were not previously known or anticipated.
32
We are primarily self-insured for professional liability claims; however, we obtain excess insurance that transfers the risk of loss to a third-party insurer for claims in excess of our self-insured retentions. Our excess insurance is underwritten on a claims-made basis. For claims reported prior to June 1, 2002, substantially all of our professional and general liability risks were subject to a less than $1 million per occurrence self-insured retention and for claims reported from June 1, 2002 through June 1, 2003, these self-insured retentions were $2 million per occurrence. Substantially all claims reported after June 1, 2003 and before June 1, 2005 are self-insured up to $4 million per claim. Substantially all claims reported on or after June 1, 2005 and before June 1, 2014 are self-insured up to $5 million per claim. Substantially all claims reported on or after June 1, 2014 and before June 1, 2018 are self-insured up to $10 million per claim. Substantially all claims reported on or after June 1, 2018 are self-insured up to $15 million per claim. Management, on occasion, has selectively increased the insured risk at certain hospitals based upon insurance pricing and other factors and may continue that practice in the future.
Excess insurance for all hospitals has been purchased through commercial insurance companies and generally covers us for liabilities in excess of the self-insured retentions. The excess coverage consists of multiple layers of insurance, the sum of which totals up to $95 million per occurrence and in the aggregate for claims reported on or after June 1, 2003, up to $145 million per occurrence and in the aggregate for claims reported on or after January 1, 2008, up to $195 million per occurrence and in the aggregate for claims reported on or after June 1, 2010, and up to at least $215 million per occurrence and in the aggregate for claims reported on or after June 1, 2015. In addition, for integrated occurrence professional liability claims, there is an additional $50 million of excess coverage for claims reported on or after June 1, 2014 and an additional $75 million of excess coverage for claims reported on or after June 1, 2015 through June 1, 2020. The $75 million in integrated occurrence coverage will also apply to claims reported between June 1, 2020 and June 1, 2024 for events that occurred prior to June 1, 2020 but which were not previously known or reported. For certain policy years prior to June 1, 2014, if the first aggregate layer of excess coverage becomes fully utilized, then the self-insured retention will increase to $10 million per claim for any subsequent claims in that policy year until our total aggregate coverage is met. Beginning June 1, 2018, this drop-down provision in the excess policies attaches over the $15 million per claim self-insured retention.
There were no significant changes in our estimate of the reserve for professional liability claims during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Income Taxes
We must make estimates in recording provision for income taxes, including determination of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities and any valuation allowances that might be required against the deferred tax assets. We believe that future income will enable us to realize certain deferred tax assets, subject to the valuation allowance we have established.
The total amount of unrecognized benefit that would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized, was $45 million at March 31, 2024. A total of $3 million of interest and penalties is included in the amount of liability for uncertain tax positions at March 31, 2024. It is our policy to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized benefits in our condensed consolidated statements of loss as income tax expense.
It is possible the amount of unrecognized tax benefit could change in the next 12 months as a result of a lapse of the statute of limitations and settlements with taxing authorities; however, we do not anticipate the change will have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position.
Our federal income tax return for the 2018 tax year is under examination by the Internal Revenue Service. We believe the result of this examination will not be material to our consolidated results of operations or consolidated financial position. In addition, we have extended our federal statute of limitations through June 30, 2025 for the tax period ended December 31, 2018.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280), Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This ASU includes additional requirements for the disclosure of significant segment expenses and segment measure(s) of profit or loss, as well as new disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment and certain qualitative information about the chief operating decision maker. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The amendments in this ASU must be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that adoption of this ASU will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This ASU establishes new requirements for the categorization and disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation as well as for disaggregation of income taxes paid. Additionally, this ASU modifies and eliminates certain existing requirements for indefinitely reinvested foreign earnings and unrecognized tax benefits. This ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15,
33
2024 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2025. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that adoption of this ASU will have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
We have evaluated all other recently issued, but not yet effective, ASUs and do not expect the eventual adoption of such ASUs to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
34
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that involve risks and uncertainties. Statements that are predictive in nature, that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions or that include words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “thinks,” and similar expressions are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results and performance to be materially different from any future results or performance expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. A number of factors could affect the future results of the Company or the healthcare industry generally and could cause the Company’s expected results to differ materially from those expressed in this Form 10-Q. These factors include, among other things:
35
Although we believe that these forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, these assumptions are inherently subject to significant regulatory, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and may be beyond our control. Accordingly, we cannot give any assurance that our expectations will in fact occur, and we caution that actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Given these uncertainties, prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this filing. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, or to make any other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
36
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, there have been no material changes in the quantitative and qualitative disclosures set forth in Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk in our 2023 Form 10-K.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, with the participation of other members of management, have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluations, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective (at the reasonable assurance level) to ensure that the information required to be included in this report has been recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and to ensure that the information required to be included in this report was accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting.
37
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we receive inquiries or subpoenas from state regulators, state Medicaid Fraud Control units, fiscal intermediaries, CMS, the U.S. Department of Justice and other government entities regarding various Medicare and Medicaid issues. In addition, we are subject to other claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of our business including lawsuits and claims related to billing and collection practices at our hospitals. Based on current knowledge, management does not believe that loss contingencies arising from pending legal, regulatory and governmental matters, including the matters described herein, will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or liquidity of the Company. However, in light of the inherent uncertainties involved in pending legal, regulatory and governmental matters, some of which are beyond our control, and the very large or indeterminate damages sought in some of these matters, an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters could be material to our results of operations or cash flows for any particular reporting period. Settlements of suits involving Medicare and Medicaid issues routinely require both monetary payments as well as corporate integrity agreements. Additionally, qui tam or “whistleblower” actions initiated under the FCA may be pending but placed under seal by the court to comply with the FCA’s requirements for filing such suits. In September 2014, the Criminal Division of the U.S. Department of Justice announced that all qui tam cases will be shared with their Division to determine if a parallel criminal investigation should be opened. The Criminal Division has also frequently stated an intention to pursue corporations in criminal prosecutions, including in its most recent Memorandum dated September 15, 2022. From time to time, we detect issues of non-compliance with federal healthcare laws pertaining to claims submission and reimbursement practices and/or financial relationships with physicians. We avail ourselves of various mechanisms to address potential overpayments arising out of these issues, including repayment of claims, rebilling of claims, and participation in voluntary disclosure protocols offered by CMS and the Office of Inspector General. Participating in voluntary repayments and voluntary disclosure protocols can have the potential for significant settlement obligations or even enforcement action.
The following legal proceedings are described in detail because, although certain legal proceedings may not be required to be disclosed in this Part II, Item 1 under SEC rules, due to the nature of the business of the Company, we believe that the following discussion of these matters may provide useful information to security holders. This discussion does not include claims and lawsuits covered by medical professional liability, general liability or employment practices insurance and risk retention programs, none of which claims or lawsuits would in any event be required to be disclosed in this Part II, Item 1 under SEC rules.
Government Investigations and Qui Tam Litigation
U.S. ex rel Larry Bomar v. Bayfront HMA Medical Center, LLC, et al – On September 14, 2017, our former hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida received a civil investigative demand, or CID, from the United States Department of Justice for information concerning its historic participation in the Florida Low Income Pool Program. The Florida Low Income Pool Program, or LIP, is a funding pool to support healthcare providers that provide uncompensated care to Florida residents who are uninsured or underinsured. The CID sought documentation related to agreements between the hospital and Pinellas County. On June 13, 2019, an additional ten of our affiliated hospitals in Florida received CIDs related to the same subject matter, along with two CIDs addressed to our affiliated management company and the Parent Company. We cooperated fully with the investigation. On September 15, 2021, the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida ordered the unsealing of this qui tam complaint, which contains allegations related to the information sought in the CID received on September 14, 2017. Specifically, the relator claims our former hospital in St. Petersburg – Bayfront Medical Center St. Petersburg – along with other, unaffiliated hospitals violated the False Claims Act by allegedly making certain contributions to a non-profit entity for the purpose of receiving supplemental Medicaid funding. The United States has declined to intervene in the case. We filed a motion to dismiss on November 23, 2021, which the District Court granted without prejudice on January 24, 2023. The relator filed a first amended complaint on February 14, 2023, our response to which was filed on February 28, 2023. The District Court granted our motion to dismiss with prejudice on August 21, 2023. The relator has filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Judicial Circuit. We have reached a tentative settlement of this matter.
In addition, on January 11, 2024, we received a CID from the Department of Justice for documents and information relating to a variety of subjects, including practices and procedures related to utilization review, inpatient admissions and inpatient dialysis at our hospitals. Based upon our review of the CID, the documents we have reviewed and the witnesses we have interviewed, we believe at this time that the CID relates to allegations made by a former employee at one of our hospitals in 2022 and that these allegations were thoroughly and fully investigated to our satisfaction at the time they were originally made. We continue to cooperate fully with this investigation.
Commercial Litigation and Other Lawsuits
Tower Health, f/k/a Reading Health System, et al v. CHS/Community Health Systems, Inc., et al. This breach of contract action is pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. The plaintiffs allege breaches of an asset purchase
38
agreement in connection with the sale of Pottstown Memorial Medical Center. The alleged breaches regard plaintiffs’ contention that the defendants failed to disclose certain conditions related to the physical plant of the hospital, along with various other alleged breaches of the asset purchase agreement. The plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on July 22, 2019. Trial for this matter began May 3, 2021, and closed on October 5, 2021. On September 6, 2022, the District Court issued a Memorandum Opinion denying all of Tower Health’s claims and entering a judgment in favor of the Company. The district Court also awarded the Company its attorneys’ fees and costs. On October 4, 2022, Tower Health filed a Rule 59 motion to alter or amend the District Court’s judgment and a Rule 15 motion to amend its pleadings. The Company has filed oppositions to both motions and has separately moved for its attorney’s fees. On August 11, 2023, the District Court denied Tower Health’s Rule 59 and Rule 15 motions. Tower Health has filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Judicial District. Our motion for attorneys’ fees has been stayed pending the outcome of Tower Health's appeal. We continue to vigorously defend this case.
Daniel H. Golden, as Litigation Trustee of the QHC Litigation Trust, and Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB, solely in its capacity as indenture trustee v. Community Health Systems, Inc., et al. A complaint in this case was filed on October 25, 2021 in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware against various persons, including the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company, certain former executive officers of the Company and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC. Plaintiff Daniel H. Golden is the litigation trustee for a litigation trust, which was formed under the plan of reorganization of Quorum Health Corporation, or QHC, and certain affiliated entities confirmed by order of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware wherein QHC and certain affiliated entities contributed various causes of action to such litigation trust. Plaintiff Wilmington Savings Fund Society is the indenture trustee for certain notes issued by QHC. The complaint seeks damages and other forms of recovery arising out of certain alleged actions taken by the Company and the other defendants in connection with the spin-off of QHC, which was completed on April 29, 2016, and includes claims for unjust enrichment and for avoidance of certain transactions and payments by QHC to the Company connected with the spin-off, including the $1.21 billion special dividend paid by QHC to the Company as part of the spin-off transactions. We filed a motion to dismiss on January 14, 2022, and oral argument on that motion was heard on July 21, 2022. On March 16, 2023, the District Court granted in part and denied in part our motion to dismiss. We continue to vigorously defend this case.
Federal Trade Commission v. Novant Health, Inc. and Community Health Systems, Inc. On January 25, 2024, the FTC filed a Complaint for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction in the United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina seeking to enjoin the consummation of our proposed sale of Lake Norman Regional Medical Center and Davis Regional Medical Center to Novant Health, Inc., or Novant, pursuant to the terms of a definitive agreement dated as of February 28, 2023, as amended, entered into by us with Novant. The FTC alleges, among other things, that the proposed sale of the two hospitals would violate federal antitrust laws. The administrative merits hearing on this matter is scheduled to begin on May 1, 2024. We will vigorously defend this case and plan to consummate this contemplated transaction with Novant in accordance with the terms of the definitive agreement in the event that we and Novant prevail in this litigation.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes with regard to the risk factors previously disclosed in the 2023 Form 10-K.
Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following table contains information about our purchases of common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Period |
|
Total |
|
|
Average |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Maximum |
|
||||
January 1, 2024 - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
January 31, 2024 |
|
|
2,141 |
|
|
$ |
3.15 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
February 1, 2024 - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
February 29, 2024 |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
March 1, 2024 - |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
March 31, 2024 |
|
|
630,765 |
|
|
|
2.87 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Total |
|
|
632,906 |
|
|
$ |
2.87 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
39
The ABL Facility and the indentures governing each series of our outstanding notes restrict our subsidiaries from, among other matters, paying dividends and making distributions to us, which thereby limits our ability to pay dividends and/or repurchase stock. As of March 31, 2024, under the most restrictive test in these agreements (and subject to certain exceptions), we have approximately $300 million of capacity to pay permitted dividends and/or repurchase shares of stock or make other restricted payments.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, no director or officer of the Company
40
Item 6. Exhibits
No. |
|
|
Description |
2.1 |
|
|
|
10.1 |
† |
* |
|
10.2 |
† |
* |
Executive Retention Cash Award between Chad Campbell and CHSPSC, LLC, dated March 19, 2024 |
10.3 |
† |
* |
Executive Retention Cash Award between Kevin Stockton and CHSPSC, LLC, dated March 11, 2024 |
31.1 |
|
* |
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
31.2 |
|
* |
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
32.1 |
|
** |
|
32.2 |
|
** |
|
101 |
|
* |
The following financial information from our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter and three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, filed with the SEC on April 25, 2024, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language: (i) the condensed consolidated statements of loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, (ii) the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, (iii) the condensed consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, (iv) the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, and (v) the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements. The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. |
104 |
|
* |
Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) |
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
† Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
41
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
|
|
|
|
COMMUNITY HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. (Registrant) |
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Tim L. Hingtgen |
|
|
Tim L. Hingtgen |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Kevin J. Hammons |
|
|
Kevin J. Hammons |
|
|
President and |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Jason K. Johnson |
|
|
Jason K. Johnson |
|
|
Senior Vice President and |
|
|
Chief Accounting Officer |
Date: April 25, 2024
42