DUCOMMUN INC /DE/ [DCO] Filings

10-Q 1 dco-20240330.htm 10-Q dco-20240330

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_________________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

_________________________________________________________


x			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 30, 2024


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-08174

_________________________________________________________

DUCOMMUN INCORPORATED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

_________________________________________________________


Delaware						95-0693330
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

200 Sandpointe Avenue, Suite 700, Santa Ana, California						92707-5759
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (657) 335-3665

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $.01 par value per share

DCO

New York Stock Exchange

_________________________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No x

As of April 29, 2024, the registrant had 14,716,338 shares of common stock outstanding.

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DUCOMMUN INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES


			Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION



		Forward Looking Statements	3

	Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)	5

		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 30, 202 4 and December 31, 20 23	5

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 30, 202 4 and April 1, 20 23	6

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 30, 202 4 and April 1, 20 23	7

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 30, 202 4 and April 1, 20 23	8

		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 30, 202 4 and April 1, 20 23	9

		Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	10

	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	26

	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37

	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	38

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	38

	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	38

	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	39

	Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	39

	Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	39

	Item 5.	Other Information	39

	Item 6.	Exhibits	40

Signatures			41

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND RISK FACTORS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be preceded by, followed by or include words such as “could,” “may,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “would,” or similar expressions. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management at the time such statements are made. Generally, forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future actions, events or results of operations. Forward-looking statements specifically include, without limitation, the information in this Form 10-Q regarding: future sales, earnings, cash flow, revenue recognition, uses of cash and other measures of financial performance, projections or expectations for future operations, including costs to complete contracts, goodwill impairment evaluations, useful life of intangible assets, unrecognized tax benefits and effective tax rate, environmental remediation costs, insurance recoveries, industry trends and expectations, including ramp up times for build rates, our plans with respect to restructuring activities, capital expenditures, completed acquisitions, future acquisitions and dispositions and expected business opportunities that may be available to us.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual outcomes and results to be materially different from those projected. We cannot guarantee future results, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the forward-looking statements. All written and oral forward-looking statements made in connection with this Form 10-Q that are attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the “Risk Factors” contained within Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“Form 10-K”).

There can be no assurance that other factors will not affect the accuracy of these forward-looking statements or that our actual results will not differ materially from the results anticipated in such forward-looking statements. While it is impossible to identify all such factors, some factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those estimated by us include, but are not limited to, those factors or conditions described under Risk Factors contained within Part I, Item 1A of our Form 10-K and the following:

•our level of indebtedness;

•our ability to service our indebtedness;

•the covenants in our credit facilities impose restrictions that may limit our operating and financial flexibility;

•the typical trading volume of our common stock may affect an investor’s ability to sell significant stock holdings in the future without negatively impacting our stock price;

•our amount of debt may require us to raise additional capital to fund acquisitions;

•our end use markets are cyclical and we depend upon a select base of industries and customers;

•a significant portion of our business depends on the U.S. Government defense spending;

•exports of certain of our products and our production facility in Guaymas, Mexico are subject to various export control regulations and authorizations for proposed sales to certain foreign customers;

•contracts with some of our customers give them a variety of rights that are unfavorable to us and the OEMs to whom we provide products and services, including the ability to terminate a contract at any time for convenience;

•further consolidation in the aerospace industry;

•our ability to execute our growth strategy, which includes evaluating select acquisitions;

•we may not be successful in achieving expected operating efficiencies and sustaining or improving operating expense reductions, and may experience business disruptions associated with restructuring, performance center consolidations, realignment, cost reduction, and other strategic initiatives;

•enhanced design, product development, manufacturing, supply chain project management and other skills will be required as we move up the value chain to become a more value added supplier, and we are dependent upon our ability to attract and retain key personnel;

•risks associated with operating and conducting our business outside the United States;

•customer pricing pressures could reduce the demand and/or price for our products and services;

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•our products and processes are subject to risk of obsolescence as a result of changes in technology and evolving industrial and regulatory standards;

•we may not have the ability to renew facilities leases on terms favorable to us and relocation of operations presents risks due to business interruptions;

•we are subject to a number of procurement laws with which we must comply;

•our operations are subject to numerous extensive, complex, costly and evolving laws, regulations and restrictions, including the Defense Contract Audit Agency and cybersecurity requirements;

•possible goodwill and other asset impairments;

•the risk of environmental liabilities and our environmental, social and governance, and sustainability responsibilities;

•we may be subject to litigation, other legal proceedings and indemnity claims;

•our ability to implement changes in estimates when bidding on fixed-price contracts;

•unanticipated changes in our tax provision or exposure to additional income tax liabilities;

•our ability to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud if our internal control over financial reporting is not effective;

•labor disruptions and the ability of our suppliers to meet the quality and delivery expectations of our customers;

•cybersecurity attacks;

•assertions by third parties of violations of intellectual property rights;

•damage or destruction of our facilities caused by natural disasters; and

•the effects of the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.

We caution the reader that undue reliance should not be placed on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Form 10-Q. We do not undertake any duty or responsibility to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Form 10-Q, except as required by law.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Ducommun Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)


	March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	32,066	$	42,863
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $2,071 and $2,006 at March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	104,499		104,692
Contract assets	197,056		177,686
Inventories	208,959		199,201
Production cost of contracts	7,977		7,778

Other current assets	13,388		17,349

Total Current Assets	563,945		549,569
Property and Equipment, Net of Accumulated Depreciation of $184,926 and $181,412 at March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	112,108		111,379
Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets	27,489		29,513
Goodwill	244,600		244,600
Intangibles, Net	162,080		166,343
Deferred Income Taxes	641		641
Other Assets	21,190		18,874
Total Assets	$	1,132,053	$	1,120,919
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	84,293	$	72,265
Contract liabilities	57,790		53,492
Accrued and other liabilities	29,311		42,260
Operating lease liabilities	7,745		7,873
Current portion of long-term debt	9,375		7,813

Total Current Liabilities	188,514		183,703
Long-Term Debt, Less Current Portion	253,929		256,961
Non-Current Operating Lease Liabilities	21,016		22,947
Deferred Income Taxes	4,439		4,766
Other Long-Term Liabilities	18,608		16,448
Total Liabilities	486,506		484,825
Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 10, 12)
Shareholders’ Equity
Common Stock - $0.01 par value; 35,000,000 shares authorized; 14,706,626 and 14,600,766 shares issued and outstanding at March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	147		146

Additional Paid-In Capital	206,557		206,197
Retained Earnings	428,829		421,980
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	10,014		7,771
Total Shareholders’ Equity	645,547		636,094
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	1,132,053	$	1,120,919

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Ducommun Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Net Revenues	$	190,847	$	181,191
Cost of Sales	143,904		144,424
Gross Profit	46,943		36,767
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses	32,951		26,225
Restructuring Charges	1,370		4,170
Operating Income	12,622		6,372
Interest Expense	(3,883)		(4,219)


Other Income	—		3,886
Income Before Taxes	8,739		6,039
Income Tax Expense	1,890		808
Net Income	$	6,849	$	5,231
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share	$	0.47	$	0.43
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.46	$	0.42
Weighted-Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding
Basic	14,694		12,195
Diluted	14,937		12,538

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Ducommun Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Net Income	$	6,849	$	5,231
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax:
Amortization of actuarial losses and prior service costs, net of tax of $14 and $13 for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively	42		42

Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $672 and $(662) for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively	2,201		(2,130)
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax	2,243		(2,088)
Comprehensive Income	$	9,092	$	3,143

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Ducommun Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Shares Outstanding	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Shareholders’ Equity








Balance at December 31, 2022	12,106,285	121		112,042		406,052		7,745		525,960
Net income	—	—		—		5,231		—		5,231
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(2,088)		(2,088)
Employee stock purchase plan	26,833	—		1,307		—		—		1,307
Stock options exercised	25,561	—		737		—		—		737
Stock awards vested	173,249	2		(2)		—		—		—
Stock repurchased related to the exercise of stock options and stock awards vested	(100,224)	(1)		(5,479)		—		—		(5,480)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		2,717		—		—		2,717
Balance at April 1, 2023	12,231,704	$	122	$	111,322	$	411,283	$	5,657	$	528,384










Balance at December 31, 2023	14,600,766	146		206,197		421,980		7,771		636,094
Net income	—	—		—		6,849		—		6,849
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—		—		2,243		2,243

Employee stock purchase plan	28,773	—		1,190		—		—		1,190
Stock options exercised	1,625	—		47		—		—		47
Stock awards vested	152,569	2		(2)		—		—		—
Stock repurchased related to the exercise of stock options and stock awards vested	(77,107)	(1)		(3,764)		—		—		(3,765)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		2,889		—		—		2,889
Balance at March 30, 2024	14,706,626	$	147	$	206,557	$	428,829	$	10,014	$	645,547

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Ducommun Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Income	$	6,849	$	5,231
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income to
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities:
Depreciation and amortization	8,353		7,989
Non-cash operating lease cost	2,071		1,967


Inventory write down and property and equipment impairment due to restructuring	—		428
Stock-based compensation expense	4,258		3,081
Deferred income taxes	(1,013)		(1,055)

Provision for credit losses	65		316

Recognition of insurance recoveries	—		(3,886)

Other	218		221
Changes in Assets and Liabilities:
Accounts receivable	128		7,868
Contract assets	(19,370)		(3,026)
Inventories	(9,758)		(22,788)
Production cost of contracts	(273)		(299)
Other assets	4,343		352
Accounts payable	12,257		9,117
Contract liabilities	4,298		(7,386)
Operating lease liabilities	(2,059)		(1,866)
Accrued and other liabilities	(12,015)		(15,192)
Net Cash Used in Operating Activities	(1,648)		(18,928)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(4,974)		(5,362)





Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(4,974)		(5,362)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities


Borrowings from senior secured revolving credit facility	10,000		7,500
Repayments of senior secured revolving credit facility	(10,000)		(7,500)

Repayments of term loans	(1,563)		(1,562)
Repayments of other debt	(84)		(86)






Net cash paid upon issuance of common stock under stock plans	(2,528)		(3,193)
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities	(4,175)		(4,841)
Net Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents	(10,797)		(29,131)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period	42,863		46,246
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	$	32,066	$	17,115

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Ducommun Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

We are a leading global provider of innovative, value-added proprietary products and manufacturing solutions for high-performance products and high-cost-of failure applications used primarily in the aerospace and defense (“A&D”), industrial, medical and other industries (collectively, “Industrial”). Our operations are organized into two primary businesses: the Electronic Systems segment (“Electronic Systems”) and the Structural Systems segment (“Structural Systems”), each of which is a reportable operating segment. Electronic Systems designs, engineers and manufactures high-reliability electronic and electromechanical products used in worldwide technology-driven markets including A&D and Industrial end-use markets. Electronic Systems’ product offerings primarily range from prototype development to complex assemblies. Structural Systems designs, engineers and manufactures large, complex contoured aerostructure components and assemblies and supplies composite and metal bonded structures and assemblies. Structural Systems’ products are primarily used on commercial aircraft, military fixed-wing aircraft, and military and commercial rotary-wing aircraft. Both reportable operating segments follow the same accounting principles.

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ducommun Incorporated and its subsidiaries (“Ducommun,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”), after eliminating intercompany balances and transactions. The December 31, 2023 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not contain all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).

Our significant accounting policies were described in Part IV, Item 15(a)(1), “Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“2023 Form 10-K”). The financial information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) should be read in conjunction with the 2023 Form 10-K.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments, including recurring accruals, have been made that are necessary to fairly state our condensed consolidated financial position, statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows in accordance with GAAP for the periods covered by this Form 10-Q. The results of operations for the three months ended March 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2024.

Our fiscal quarters typically end on the Saturday closest to the end of March, June and September for the first three fiscal quarters of each year, and on December 31 for our fourth fiscal quarter. As a result of using fiscal quarters for the first three quarters combined with leap years, our first and fourth fiscal quarters can range between 12 1/2 weeks to 13 1/2 weeks while the second and third fiscal quarters remain at a constant 13 weeks per fiscal quarter.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current year’s presentation.

Use of Estimates

Certain amounts and disclosures included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements require management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts of assets, liabilities (including contract liabilities), revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information


	(Dollars in thousands)
	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Interest paid, net	$	3,975	$	4,010
Taxes paid, net	$	92	$	8,167
Non-cash activities:
Purchases of property and equipment not paid	$	578	$	814

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding in each period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, plus any potentially dilutive shares that could be issued if exercised or converted into common stock in each period.

The net income and weighted-average common shares outstanding used to compute earnings per share were as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Net income	$	6,849	$	5,231
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding	14,694		12,195
Dilutive potential common shares	243		343
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding	14,937		12,538
Earnings per share
Basic	$	0.47	$	0.43
Diluted	$	0.46	$	0.42

Potentially dilutive stock awards, as shown below, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. However, these awards may be potentially dilutive common shares in the future.

(In thousands)

Three Months Ended

March 30,
2024

April 1,
2023

Stock options and stock units

Fair Value

Assets and liabilities that are measured, recorded or disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis are categorized using the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the reliability of the inputs used to determine the fair value. Level 1, the highest level, refers to the values determined based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. Level 2 refers to fair values estimated using significant observable inputs. Level 3, the lowest level, includes fair values estimated using significant unobservable inputs.

We have money market funds which are included as cash and cash equivalents. We also have forward interest rate swap agreements and the fair value of the forward interest rate swap agreements was determined using pricing models that use observable market inputs as of the balance sheet date, a Level 2 measurement.

There were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 financial instruments in the three months ended March 30, 2024.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid instruments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. These assets are valued at cost, which approximates fair value, and we classify as Level 1. See Fair Value above.

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Derivative Instruments

We recognize derivative instruments on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at their fair value. On the date that we enter into a derivative contract, we designate the derivative instrument as a fair value hedge, a cash flow hedge, or a derivative instrument that will not be accounted for using hedge accounting methods. In November 2021, we entered into forward interest rate swap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $150.0 million, all with an effective date of January 1, 2024 (“Forward Interest Rate Swaps”), to manage our exposure to interest rate movements on a portion of our debt. At the time we entered into the Forward Interest Rate Swaps, there was a high probability of forecasted interest payments on our debts occurring and the swaps were highly effective in offsetting those interest payments; therefore, we elected to apply cash flow hedge accounting. In July 2022, as a result of refinancing all our existing debt, which allowed borrowing based on a Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), we were required to complete an amendment of the Forward Interest Rate Swaps from One Month London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) to One Month Term SOFR (“Amended Forward Interest Rate Swaps”), which occurred on the same day. After the transition of the Forward Interest Rate Swaps and debt to SOFR was completed, we determined the hedging relationships were still highly effective as of the amendment date. See Note 4 and Note 8. As of March 30, 2024, all of our derivative instruments were designated as cash flow hedges.

We record changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax until our earnings are affected by the variability of cash flows of the underlying hedged item. We report changes in the fair values of derivative instruments that are not designated or do not qualify for hedge accounting in current period earnings. We classify cash flows from derivative instruments in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows in the same category as the item being hedged or on a basis consistent with the nature of the instrument. Prior to the Amended Forward Interest Rate Swaps being effective on January 1, 2024, we only recorded the changes in fair value of the derivative instruments that were highly effective and that were designated and qualified as cash flow hedges prior to the effective date. See Note 4.

When we determine that a derivative instrument is not highly effective as a hedge, we discontinue hedge accounting prospectively. In all situations in which we discontinue hedge accounting and the derivative instrument remains outstanding, we will carry the derivative instrument at its fair value on our condensed consolidated balance sheets and recognize subsequent changes in its fair value in our current period earnings.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost being determined using a moving average cost basis for raw materials and actual cost for work-in-process and finished goods. The majority of our inventory is charged to cost of sales as raw materials are placed into production. Inventoried costs include raw materials, outside processing, direct labor and allocated overhead, adjusted for any abnormal amounts of idle performance center expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted materials (spoilage) incurred. We assess the inventory carrying value and reduce it, if necessary, to its net realizable value based on customer orders on hand, and internal demand forecasts using management’s best estimates given information currently available. The majority of our revenues are recognized over time, however, for revenue contracts where revenue is recognized using the point in time method, inventory is not reduced until it is shipped or transfer of control to the customer has occurred. Our ending inventory consists of raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Accumulated other comprehensive income, as reflected on the condensed consolidated balance sheets under the equity section, was comprised of cumulative pension and retirement liability adjustments, net of tax, and change in net unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax.

Revenue Recognition

Our customers typically engage us to manufacture products based on designs and specifications provided by the end-use customer. This requires the building of tooling and manufacturing first article inspection products (prototypes) before volume manufacturing. Contracts with our customers generally include a termination for convenience clause.

We have a significant number of contracts that are started and completed within the same year, as well as contracts derived from long-term agreements and programs that can span several years. We recognize revenue under ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”), which utilizes a five-step model.

The definition of a contract for us is typically defined as a customer purchase order as this is when we achieve an enforceable right to payment. The majority of our contracts are firm fixed-price contracts. The deliverables within a customer purchase order are analyzed to determine the number of performance obligations. In addition, at times, in order to achieve economies of scale and based on our customer’s forecasted demand, we may build in advance of receiving a purchase order from our customer. When that occurs, we would not recognize revenue until we have received the customer purchase order.

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A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account under ASC 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, control is transferred and the performance obligation is satisfied. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer the individual goods or services are highly interrelated or met the series guidance. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we allocate the contract transaction price to each performance obligation using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct good or service in the contract. The primary method used to estimate the standalone selling price is the expected cost plus a margin approach, under which we forecast our expected costs of satisfying a performance obligation and then add an appropriate margin for that distinct good or service.

We manufacture most products to customer specifications and the product cannot be easily modified for another customer. As such, these products are deemed to have no alternative use once the manufacturing process begins. In the event the customer invokes a termination for convenience clause, we would be entitled to costs incurred to date plus a reasonable profit. Contract costs typically include labor, materials, overhead, and when applicable, subcontractor costs. For most of our products, we are building assets with no alternative use and have enforceable right to payment, and thus, we recognize revenue using the over time method.

The majority of our performance obligations are satisfied over time as work progresses. Typically, revenue is recognized over time using an input measure (i.e., costs incurred to date relative to total estimated costs at completion, also known as cost-to-cost plus reasonable profit) to measure progress. Our typical revenue contract is a firm fixed price contract, and the cost of raw materials could make up a significant amount of the total costs incurred. As such, we believe using the total costs incurred input method would be the most appropriate method. While the cost of raw materials could make up a significant amount of the total costs incurred, there is a direct relationship between our inputs and the transfer of control of goods or services to the customer.

Contract estimates, known as estimates at completion (“EACs”), are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events that can span multiple months or years. These assumptions include among others, labor productivity and availability; the complexity of the work to be performed; the cost and availability of materials; overhead cost rates; and the performance of subcontractors. As a significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the progress completed (and related profitability) on our contracts, we review and update our EACs on a regular basis. We recognize such EAC adjustments under the cumulative catch-up method. Under this method, the impact of any adjustment is recognized in the period the adjustment is identified. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance is recognized using the adjusted estimate.

Net EAC adjustments had the following impact on our operating results:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Total net revenues	$	(1,935)	$	(3,256)
Operating income	$	(1,935)	$	(3,256)

Payments under long-term contracts may be received before or after revenue is recognized. When revenue is recognized before we bill our customer, a contract asset is created for the work performed but not yet billed. Similarly, when we receive payment before we ship our products to our customer and have met the shipping terms, a contract liability is created for the advance or progress payment. When a contract liability and a contract asset exist on the same contract, we report it on a net basis.

We record provisions for the total anticipated losses on contracts, considering total estimated costs to complete the contract compared to total anticipated revenues, in the period in which such losses are identified. The provisions for estimated losses on contracts require us to make certain estimates and assumptions, including those with respect to the future revenue under a contract and the future cost to complete the contract. Our estimate of the future cost to complete a contract may include assumptions as to changes in manufacturing efficiency, operating and material costs, and our ability to resolve claims and assertions with our customers. If any of these or other assumptions and estimates do not materialize in the future, we may be required to adjust the provisions for estimated losses on contracts. The provision for estimated losses on contracts is included as part of contract liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, provision for estimated losses on contracts were $4.8 million and $5.4 million, respectively. It is reasonably possible we may incur additional losses in the future.

Production cost of contracts includes non-recurring production costs, such as design and engineering costs, and tooling and other special-purpose machinery necessary to build parts as specified in a contract. Production costs of contracts are recorded to cost of sales using the over time revenue recognition model. We review the value of the production cost of contracts on a quarterly basis to ensure when added to the estimated cost to complete, the value is not greater than the estimated realizable

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value of the related contracts. As of March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, production cost of contracts were $8.0 million and $7.8 million, respectively.

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

Contract assets consist of our right to payment for work performed but not yet billed. Contract assets are transferred to accounts receivable when we bill our customers. We bill our customers when we ship the products and meet the shipping terms within the revenue contract. Contract liabilities consist of advance or progress payments received from our customers prior to the time transfer of control occurs plus the estimated losses on contracts. When a contract liability and a contract asset exist on the same contract, we report it on a net basis.

Contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers are as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Contract assets	$	197,056	$	177,686
Contract liabilities	$	57,790	$	53,492

The increase in our contract assets as of March 30, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023 was primarily due to a net increase of products in work in process in the current period.

The increase in our contract liabilities as of March 30, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023 was primarily due to a net increase of advance or progress payments received from our customers in the current period. We recognized $16.4 million of the contract liabilities as of December 31, 2023 as revenues during the three months ended March 30, 2024.

Performance obligations are defined as customer placed purchase orders (“POs”) with firm fixed price and firm delivery dates. Our remaining performance obligations as of March 30, 2024, December 31, 2023, and April 1, 2023 totaled $824.1 million, $826.7 million, and $797.1 million, respectively. Prior period amounts have been adjusted to correct for identified misstatements in the calculation of the remaining performance obligations. Of the remaining performance obligations as of March 30, 2024, we anticipate recognizing an estimated 65% of our remaining performance obligations as revenue during the next 12 months with the remaining performance obligations being recognized in the remainder of 2025 and beyond.

Revenue by Category

In addition to the revenue categories disclosed above, the following table reflects our revenue disaggregated by major end-use market:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Consolidated Ducommun
Military and space	$	98,929	$	97,670
Commercial aerospace	79,917		71,820
Industrial	12,001		11,701
Total	$	190,847	$	181,191

Electronic Systems
Military and space	$	72,505	$	73,327
Commercial aerospace	23,033		20,598
Industrial	12,001		11,701
Total	$	107,539	$	105,626

Structural Systems
Military and space	$	26,424	$	24,343
Commercial aerospace	56,884		51,222
Total	$	83,308	$	75,565

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In March 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2024-02, “Codification Improvements - Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements” (“ASU 2024-02”), which removed references to various FASB Concepts Statements and updates technical corrections such as conforming amendments, clarification to guidance, simplifications to wording or the structure of guidance, and other minor improvements. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, which is our annual period beginning January 1, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of this standard.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”), which provides more transparency about tax information primarily related to the rate reconciliation and the income taxes paid. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, which will be our annual period beginning January 1, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of this standard.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280), Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”), which expands reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, which is our annual period beginning January 1, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, which will be our interim period beginning January 1, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact of this standard.

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, “Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative” (“ASU 2023-06”), which incorporates updates to the Accounting Standards Codification to align certain SEC disclosure requirements. The amendments impact a variety of topics but are relatively narrow in nature. For entities required to comply with the SEC’s existing disclosure requirements, the effective date for each amendment will be the effective date of the removal of the disclosure requirement from SEC Regulation S-X or SEC Regulation S-K, with early adoption prohibited. The amendments should be applied prospectively. We are evaluating the impact of this standard.

Note 2. Business Combinations

BLR Aerospace, L.L.C. Acquisition

In April 2023, we acquired 100.0% of the outstanding equity interests of BLR Aerospace, L.L.C. (“BLR”), a privately-held leading provider of aerodynamic systems that enhance the productivity, performance, and safety of rotary and fixed-wing aircraft on commercial and military platforms. BLR is located in Everett, Washington. The acquisition of BLR added to our strategy to diversify and offer more customized, value-driven engineered products with aftermarket opportunities.

The initial purchase price for BLR was $115.0 million, net of cash acquired, all payable in cash, subject to adjustments for working capital. We paid a gross aggregate of $117.0 million in cash upon the closing of the transaction. Subsequent to the closing of the transaction, during the three months ended September 30, 2023, the working capital was finalized, resulting in an immaterial adjustment for a final purchase price of $114.4 million, net of cash acquired. We allocated the gross purchase price of $117.0 million to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values of the net assets was recorded as goodwill.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition (in thousands):

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	Estimated Fair Value
Cash	$	2,656
Accounts receivable	4,149
Inventories	12,011
Other current assets	891
Property and equipment	2,632
Operating lease right-of-use assets	874
Intangible assets	55,500
Goodwill	41,193

Total assets acquired	119,906
Current liabilities	(2,145)

Other non-current liabilities	(727)
Total liabilities assumed	(2,872)
Total purchase price allocation	$	117,034


	Useful Life (In years)	Estimated Fair Value (In thousands)
Intangible assets:
Technology	23	$	35,600
Customer relationships	10-22	15,000
Trade name	18	4,900
		$	55,500

The intangible assets acquired of $55.5 million were determined based on the estimated fair values using valuation techniques consistent with the income approach to measure fair value, which represented Level 3 fair value measurements. The useful lives were estimated based on the underlying agreements or the future economic benefit expected to be received from the assets. The values for technology and trade name were assessed using the relief from royalty methodology, while the value for customer relationships was estimated based on a multi-period excess earnings approach. Inputs to the income approach models and other aspects of the allocation of the purchase price require judgment. The more significant inputs used in the technology intangible asset valuation included (i) future revenues, (ii) the technology decay rate, (iii) the royalty rate, and (iv) the discount rate. The more significant inputs used in the customer relationships intangible asset valuation included (i) future revenues, (ii) the projected earnings before interest, taxes, and amortization (“EBITA”) margins, (iii) the customer attrition rates, and (iv) the discount rate.

The goodwill of $41.2 million arising from the acquisition is attributable to the benefits we expect to derive from expected synergies from the transaction, including complementary products that will enhance our overall product portfolio, opportunities within new markets, and an acquired assembled workforce. All the goodwill was assigned to the Structural Systems segment. The BLR acquisition, for tax purposes, is deemed an asset acquisition and thus, the goodwill recognized is deductible for income tax purposes.

Acquisition related transaction costs were not included as components of consideration transferred but have been expensed as incurred. Total acquisition-related transaction costs incurred by us were zero and $0.8 million during the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively, and charged to selling, general and administrative expenses.

BLR’s results of operations have been included in our condensed consolidated statements of income since the date of acquisition as part of the Structural Systems segment, and its revenues were less than two percent of total company revenues since the date of acquisition. Pro forma results of operations of the BLR acquisition have not been presented as the effect of the BLR acquisition was not material to our financial results.

Note 3. Restructuring Activities

Summary of 2022 Restructuring Plan

In April 2022, management approved and commenced a restructuring plan that will better position us for stronger performance. The restructuring plan will mainly reduce headcount and consolidate facilities. As a result of this restructuring plan, we analyzed the need to write-down inventory and impair long-lived assets, including operating lease right-of-use assets. During

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the three months ended March 30, 2024, we recorded total charges of $1.4 million. Cumulative through the three months ended March 30, 2024, we recorded aggregate total charges of $22.9 million ($0.8 million of which was recorded as cost of sales). As of March 30, 2024, we estimate the remaining amount of charges related to this initiative will be $4.0 million to $6.0 million in total pre-tax restructuring charges through 2024. Of these charges, we estimate $3.5 million to $5.0 million to be cash payments for employee separation and other facility consolidation related expenses, and $0.5 million to $1.0 million to be non-cash charges for impairment of long-lived assets.

In the Electronics Systems segment, we recorded charges of $0.4 million and $0.1 million during the three months ended March 30, 2024 for severance and benefits that were classified as restructuring charges and other restructuring charges, respectively. Cumulative through the three months ended March 30, 2024, we recorded total charges for severance and benefits that were classified as restructuring charges, accelerated depreciation of property and equipment that was classified as restructuring charges, charges for inventory write down that was classified as cost of sales, and other restructuring of $10.0 million, $0.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.2 million, respectively.

In the Structural Systems segment, we recorded $0.2 million and $0.7 million during the three months ended March 30, 2024 for severance and benefits that were classified as restructuring charges and other restructuring charges, respectively. Cumulative through the three months ended March 30, 2024, we recorded total charges for severance and benefits that were classified as restructuring charges, accelerated depreciation of property and equipment/impairment of property and equipment that was classified as restructuring charges, charges for inventory write down that was classified as cost of sales, and other restructuring of $6.1 million, $2.0 million, $0.5 million, and $3.5 million, respectively.

Our restructuring activities during the three months ended March 30, 2024 were as follows (in thousands):


	December 31, 2023		Three Months Ended March 30, 2024								March 30, 2024
	Balance		Charges		Cash Payments		Non-Cash Payments		Change in Estimates		Balance
Severance and benefits	$	5,389	$	536	$	(1,404)	$	—	$	—	$	4,521

Property and equipment accelerated depreciation due to restructuring	—		—		—		—		—		—

Inventory write down	—		—		—		—				—
Other	—		834		(834)		—		—		—
Ending balance	$	5,389	$	1,370	$	(2,238)	$	—	$	—	$	4,521

The restructuring activities accrual for severance and benefits of $4.5 million as of March 30, 2024 was included as part of accrued and other liabilities and is expected to be paid out through 2024.

Note 4. Derivative Financial Instruments

Cash Flow Hedges

Our cash flow hedges consists of forward interest rate swaps to manage our exposure to interest rate movements on a portion of our debt through January 1, 2031. Our forward interest rate swaps hedge forecasted transactions through January 1, 2031.

The notional amounts of derivative instruments are as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate contracts	$	150,000	$	150,000

The following table summarizes the fair value and presentation on the condensed consolidated balance sheets for derivative instruments:

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		(Dollars in thousands)
	Balance Sheet Location	March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate contracts	Other assets, current	$	4,844	$	4,046
	Other assets	14,118		11,595

Unrealized gains (losses) associated with our hedging transactions recognized in other comprehensive income are presented in the following table:


	(Dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Recognized in other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Interest rate contracts	$	2,201	$	(2,130)

We reclassified gains associated with our cash flow hedges from accumulated other comprehensive income to the condensed income statements when the Forward Interest Rate Swaps became effective as of January 1, 2024 and are presented in the following table:


	(Dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Interest rate contracts:
Interest expense	$	1,340	$	—

The pre-tax deferred gains recorded in other comprehensive income that will mature in the next 12 months total $4.7 million.

Note 5. Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Raw materials and supplies	$	179,474	$	174,624
Work in process	26,187		22,060
Finished goods	3,298		2,517


Total	$	208,959	$	199,201

Note 6. Goodwill

We perform our annual goodwill impairment test as of the first day of the fourth quarter. If certain factors occur, including significant underperformance of our business relative to expected operating results, significant adverse economic and industry trends, significant decline in our market capitalization for an extended period of time relative to net book value, a decision to divest individual businesses within a reporting unit, or a decision to group individual businesses differently, we may be required to perform an interim impairment test prior to the fourth quarter.

We may use either a qualitative or quantitative approach when testing a reporting unit’s goodwill for impairment. The qualitative approach for potential impairment analysis to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit was less than its carrying amount.

The quantitative approach for potential impairment analysis is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. Fair value is estimated by management using a combination of the income approach (which is based on a discounted cash flow model) and market approach. Management’s cash flow projections include significant judgments and assumptions, including the amount and timing of expected cash flows, long-term growth rates, and discount rates. The cash flows used in the discounted cash flow model are based on our best estimate of future revenues, gross margins,

and adjusted after-tax earnings. If any of these assumptions are incorrect, it will impact the estimated fair value of a reporting unit. The market approach also requires management judgment in selecting comparable business acquisitions and the transaction values observed and its related control premiums.

No material adverse factors/changes have occurred since the fourth quarter of 2023 that would require us to perform another qualitative or quantitative assessment. As such, for the first quarter of 2024, it was also not more likely than not that the fair values of the reporting units were less than their carrying amounts and thus, the respective goodwill amounts were not deemed to be impaired.

In April 2023, we completed the acquisition of BLR. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values of the net assets was recorded as goodwill. See Note 2 for further information.

The carrying amounts of our goodwill were as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	Electronic Systems		Structural Systems		Consolidated Ducommun
Gross goodwill	$	199,157	$	127,165	$	326,322
Accumulated goodwill impairment	(81,722)		—		(81,722)
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	117,435	$	127,165	$	244,600

Balance at March 30, 2024	$	117,435	$	127,165	$	244,600

Note 7. Accrued and Other Liabilities

The components of accrued and other liabilities were as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Accrued compensation	$	19,879	$	35,574
Accrued income tax and sales tax	1,153		177



Other	8,279		6,509
Total	$	29,311	$	42,260

Note 8. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt and the current period interest rates were as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	March 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
Term loans	$	240,625		$	242,188
Revolving credit facility	23,800			23,800



Total debt	264,425			265,988
Less current portion	(9,375)			(7,813)
Total long-term debt, less current portion	255,050			258,175
Less debt issuance costs - term loans	(1,121)			(1,214)
Total long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs - term loans	$	253,929		$	256,961
Debt issuance costs - revolving credit facility (1)	$	1,636		$	1,761
Weighted-average interest rate	7.27		%	7.53		%

(1) Included as part of other assets.

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Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, [b] Bank of America’s prime rate, and [c] Term SOFR plus 1.00%, and if the Base Rate is less than zero percent, it will be deemed zero percent) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.375% to 1.375% per year, in each case based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio. Interest payments are typically paid either on a monthly or quarterly basis, depending on the interest rate selected, on the last business day each month or quarter. In addition, the 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly amortization payments of 0.625% during year one and year two, 1.250% during year three and year four, and 1.875% during year five of the original outstanding principal balance of the 2022 Term Loan amount, on the last business day each quarter. The required quarterly amortization payments began in the fourth quarter of 2022.

The 2022 Revolving Credit Facility bears interest, at our option, at a rate equal to either (i) Term SOFR plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.375% to 2.375% per year or (ii) Base Rate (defined as the highest of [a] Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, [b] Bank of America’s prime rate, and [c] Term SOFR plus 1.00%, and if the Base Rate is less than zero percent, it will be deemed zero percent) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.375% to 1.375% per year, in each case based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio. Interest payments are typically paid on a monthly or quarterly basis, depending on the interest rate selected, on the last business day each month or quarter. The undrawn portion of the commitment of the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility is subject to a commitment fee ranging from 0.175% to 0.275%, based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio, typically paid on a quarterly basis, on the last business day each quarter. However, the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility does not require any principal installment payments.

In conjunction with the closing of the 2022 Credit Facilities, we utilized the entire $250.0 million of proceeds from the 2022 Term Loan plus our existing cash on hand to pay off our entire debt balance outstanding of $254.2 million under our prior credit facilities.

For each of the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, we made the required quarterly amortization payments on the 2022 Term Loan of $1.6 million.

As of March 30, 2024, we had $176.0 million of unused borrowing capacity under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, after deducting $0.2 million for standby letters of credit.

As of March 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants required under the 2022 Credit Facilities.

The 2022 Term Loan was considered a modification of debt for some lenders and an extinguishment of debt for other lenders, and thus, a loss of $0.2 million was recorded related to the extinguishment. In addition, the new fees incurred of $0.8 million were capitalized and will be amortized over the life of the 2022 Term Loan. Further, the remaining debt issuance costs related to the prior term loans of $1.0 million as of the modification date will be amortized over the life of the 2022 Term Loan, using the effective interest method.

The 2022 Revolving Credit Facility that replaced the prior revolving credit facility was considered a modification of debt except for the portion related to the creditor that is no longer a part of the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility and in which case, it was considered an extinguishment of debt. As a result, we expensed the portion of the unamortized debt issuance costs related to the prior revolving credit facility that was considered an extinguishment of debt of $0.1 million. In addition, the new fees incurred of $1.7 million as part of the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility were capitalized and will be amortized over the life of the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility. Further, the remaining debt issuance costs related to the prior revolving credit facility of $0.8 million as of the modification date will also be amortized over the life of the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility.

The 2022 Credit Facilities were entered into by us (“Parent Company”) and guaranteed by all of our domestic subsidiaries, other than two subsidiaries that were considered minor (“Subsidiary Guarantors”). The Subsidiary Guarantors jointly and severally guarantee the 2022 Credit Facilities. The Parent Company has no independent assets or operations and therefore, no consolidating financial information for the Parent Company and its subsidiaries is presented.

In April 2023, we completed the acquisition of BLR. The initial purchase price for BLR was $115.0 million, net of cash acquired, all payable in cash. We paid a gross aggregate of $117.0 million in cash upon the closing of the transaction. We utilized the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility to complete the acquisition. See Note 2 for further information.

In May 2023, we completed a public offering of our common stock resulting in net proceeds of $85.1 million. We utilized the net proceeds plus cash on hand to pay down $85.2 million on the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility. See Note 9 for further information.

In November 2021, we entered into derivative contracts, U.S. dollar-one month LIBOR forward interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges, all with an effective date of January 1, 2024, for an aggregate total notional amount of $150.0 million, weighted average fixed rate of 1.8%, and all terminating on January 1, 2031 (“Forward Interest Rate Swaps”). The Forward Interest Rate Swaps mature on a monthly basis, with fixed amount payer payment dates on the first day of each calendar month, commencing on February 1, 2024 through January 1, 2031. The Forward Interest Rate Swaps were deemed to be highly effective upon entering into the derivative contracts and thus, hedge accounting treatment was utilized. Since the Amended Forward Interest Rate Swaps (as defined below) were not effective until January 1, 2024, we only recorded the changes in fair

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value of the derivative instruments that were highly effective and that were designated and qualified as cash flow hedges through December 31, 2023. See Note 1 and Note 4 for further information.

In July 2022, as a result of completing a refinancing of our existing debt, we were required to complete an amendment of the Forward Interest Rate Swaps (“Amended Forward Interest Rate Swaps”). The Forward Interest Rate Swaps were based on U.S. dollar-one month LIBOR and were amended to be based on one month Term SOFR as borrowings using LIBOR were no longer available under the 2022 Credit Facilities. Since this was an amendment of just the reference rate as a result of the cessation of LIBOR, utilizing the guidance under ASU 2020-04, we determined the Amended Forward Interest Rate Swaps as of the amendment date to continue to be highly effective. The Amended Forward Interest Rate Swaps weighted average fixed rate is 1.7%, as a result of the difference between U.S. dollar-one month LIBOR and one month Term SOFR.

Note 9. Shareholders’ Equity

In May 2023, we completed a public offering of 2.3 million shares of our common stock at $40.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $92.0 million. The common stock offering was made under our effective shelf registration statement. We incurred aggregate total out of pocket stock offering related fees of $6.9 million, resulting in net proceeds of $85.1 million. As such, we recorded an increase to common stock at par value of less than $0.1 million with the remaining amount as an increase to additional paid-in capital of $85.1 million. The public stock offering net proceeds along with cash on hand were used to pay down $85.2 million on the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility that was drawn on and utilized to complete the acquisition of BLR. See Note 2 and Note 8 for further information.

Note 10. Indemnifications

We have made guarantees and indemnities under which we may be required to make payments to a guaranteed or indemnified party, in relation to certain transactions, including revenue transactions in the ordinary course of business. Additionally, we indemnify our directors and officers to the maximum extent permitted under the laws of the State of Delaware and have a directors and officers insurance policy that may reduce our exposure in certain circumstances and may enable us to recover a portion of future amounts that may be payable, if any. Moreover, in connection with certain performance center leases, we have indemnified our lessors for certain claims arising from the performance center or the lease.

The duration of the guarantees and indemnities varies and, in many cases is indefinite but subject to applicable statutes of limitations. The majority of guarantees and indemnities do not provide any limitations on the maximum potential future payments we could be obligated to make. Historically, payments related to these guarantees and indemnities have been immaterial. We estimate the fair value of our indemnification obligations as insignificant based on this history and insurance coverage and have, therefore, not recorded any liability for these guarantees and indemnities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Note 11. Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes is determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is generally less than the U.S. Federal statutory rate, primarily due to research and development (“R&D”) tax credits. Our effective tax rate may be subject to fluctuations during the year as new information is obtained, which may affect the assumptions used to estimate the annual effective tax rate, including factors such as expected utilization of R&D tax credits, valuation allowances against deferred tax assets, recognition or derecognition of tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions, and changes in or the interpretation of tax laws in jurisdictions where we conduct business. Also, excess tax benefits and tax detriments related to our equity compensation recognized in the condensed consolidated income statement could result in fluctuations in our effective tax rate period-over-period depending on the volatility of our stock price, number of restricted or performance stock units that vests, and stock options exercised during the period. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates, for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities along with net operating loss and tax credit carryovers.

We record a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets to reduce the net carrying value to an amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. When we establish or reduce our valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets, the provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period when that determination is made.

We recorded income tax expense of $1.9 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to $0.8 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The increase in income tax expense for the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 was primarily due to higher pre-tax income in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 and higher discrete income tax expense recognized in the first quarter of 2024 related to stock-based compensation.

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related to uncertain tax positions as a component of tax expense and unrecognized tax benefits. The amounts accrued for interest and penalty charges as of March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were not significant. As a result of statute of limitations set to expire in the fourth quarter of 2024, we expect decreases to our unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $1.0 million in the next twelve months.

We file U.S. Federal and state income tax returns. We are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for tax years after 2019 and by state taxing authorities for tax years after 2018. While we are no longer subject to examination prior to those periods, carryforwards generated prior to those periods may still be adjusted upon examination by the IRS or state taxing authorities if they either have been or will be used in a subsequent period. We believe we have adequately accrued for tax deficiencies or reductions in tax benefits, if any, that could result from the examination and all open audit years.

Note 12. Commitments and Contingencies

In December 2020, a representative action under California’s Private Attorneys General Act was filed against us in the Superior Court for the State of California, County of San Bernardino. We received service of process of this complaint in January 2021. The complaint alleged violations of California’s wage and hour laws relating to our current and former employees and sought attorney’s fees and penalties. We vigorously refuted and defended against these claims and reached a tentative settlement of $0.8 million during the fourth quarter 2021, which was subject to court approval. Thus, we recorded accrued liabilities of $0.8 million as of December 31, 2021. During the second quarter of 2022, additional factual information was identified resulting in an increase in the amount of the tentative settlement to $0.9 million. Therefore, we recorded an additional accrued liabilities of $0.1 million for a total accrued liabilities amount of $0.9 million as of the end of the second quarter of 2022 which remained unchanged as of December 31, 2022 as we were awaiting final court approval of this settlement. Subsequent to final court approval and paying of the $0.9 million in January 2023, during the third quarter of 2023 and upon plaintiff's motion, the court re-opened the settlement agreement to determine whether the class list captured all affected employees. We are appealing this decision as being without merit. Any amount of additional liability is still undetermined pending the appeal and as such, there is no amount of loss that is probable and reasonably estimable at this time. Thus, no additional accrual was recorded during the three months ended March 30, 2024.

Structural Systems has been directed by California environmental agencies to investigate and take corrective action for groundwater contamination at our facilities located in El Mirage and Monrovia, California. Based on currently available information, we have established an accrual for its estimated liability for such investigation and corrective action of $1.5 million at both March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, which is reflected in other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Structural Systems also faces liability as a potentially responsible party for hazardous waste disposed at landfills located in Casmalia and West Covina, California. Structural Systems and other companies and government entities have entered into consent decrees with respect to these landfills with the United States Environmental Protection Agency and/or California environmental agencies under which certain investigation, remediation and maintenance activities are being performed. Based on currently available information, we preliminarily estimate that the range of our future liabilities in connection with the landfill located in West Covina, California is between $0.4 million and $3.1 million. We have established an accrual for the estimated liability in connection with the West Covina landfill of $0.4 million as of both March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, which is reflected in other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Our ultimate liability in connection with these matters will depend upon a number of factors, including changes in existing laws and regulations, the design and cost of construction, operation and maintenance activities, and the allocation of liability among potentially responsible parties.

In June 2020, a fire severely damaged our performance center in Guaymas, Mexico, which is part of our Structural Systems segment. There were no injuries; however, property and equipment, inventories, and tooling in this leased facility were damaged. Our Guaymas performance center, comprised of two buildings with an aggregate total of 62,000 square feet, was severely damaged. The loss of production from the Guaymas performance center was absorbed by our other existing performance centers, however, we have reestablished and are in the process of certification with various customers and ramping up our manufacturing capabilities in a different leased facility with 117,000 square feet in Guaymas. A neighboring, non-related manufacturing facility, also suffered fire damage during the same time as the fire that severely damaged our Guaymas performance center, and in November 2023, the occupant of the neighboring facility filed suit against us in U.S. District Court for the Central District of California seeking unspecified amounts for damages relating to the fire. We intend to defend this matter vigorously and believe we have substantial defenses in relation to these claims. As responsibility for the fire is still undetermined, there is no amount of loss that is probable and reasonably estimable at this time. If we are ultimately deemed to be responsible or party responsible, it is possible we could incur a loss in excess of our insurance coverage limits, which could be material to our cash flow, liquidity, or financial results.

Our insurance covers damage, up to a capped amount, to the facility, equipment, unfinished inventory, and other assets at replacement cost, finished goods inventory at selling price, as well as business interruption, third party property damage, and

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recovery related expenses caused by the fire, less our per claim deductible. The anticipated insurance recoveries related to losses and incremental costs incurred are recognized when receipt is probable. The anticipated insurance recoveries in excess of net book value of the damaged operating assets and business interruption will not be recorded until all contingencies related to our claim have been resolved. During the year ended December 31, 2020, $0.8 million of revenue and $0.5 million of related cost of sales were reversed for revenue previously recognized using the over time method as the revenue recognition process for these items were deemed to be interrupted as a result of these inventory items being damaged. Also during the year ended December 31, 2020, we wrote off property and equipment and tooling with an aggregate total net book value of $7.1 million and inventory on hand of $3.4 million that were damaged by the fire. The related anticipated insurance recoveries were also presented within the same financial statement line item in the condensed consolidated statements of income resulting in no net impact, with the anticipated insurance recoveries receivable included as part of other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The insurance claim for damages to our operating assets and business interruption was deemed final and closed by our insurance company during the three months ended July 1, 2023. During both the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, we received no insurance recoveries. However, the general insurance recoveries, all received in 2020, during the three months ended April 1, 2023, $3.9 million of the general insurance recoveries that were considered gain contingencies were deemed to be resolved and thus, we recorded this amount as other income. The remaining amount of insurance recoveries of $3.8 million were received during the three months ended July 1, 2023. Cumulatively, as of July 1, 2023, we received insurance recoveries in aggregate total of $23.7 million, with $7.5 million for business interruption and $16.2 million for damages to property and equipment, inventories, and tooling. Further, all insurance recovery amounts received related to this claim have been recognized up to the amount of net book value loss and presented within the same financial statement line item in the condensed consolidated statements of income resulting in no net impact, with the remaining amounts recognized as other income in our condensed consolidated statements of income when the contingencies were deemed resolved.

In April 2023, a fire damaged a relatively small portion of one of our performance centers in our Structural Systems reporting segment. There were no injuries; however, subsequent to the fire, we determined that some property and equipment in this company owned facility were damaged. Our insurance covers damage, up to a capped amount, to the property and equipment at replacement cost, as well as business interruption and recovery related expenses caused by the fire, less our per claim deductible. There was a loss of production in this damaged portion of the performance center for a short period of time, but the incident did not otherwise result in significant disruption to customer delivery schedules. Production in this damaged portion resumed later that same quarter. The anticipated insurance recoveries related to losses and incremental costs incurred are recognized when receipt is probable. The anticipated insurance recoveries in excess of net book value of the damaged operating assets and business interruption are not recorded until all contingencies related to our claim are resolved. As such, during the three months ended July 1, 2023, we wrote off property and equipment with an aggregate total net book value of $0.2 million. Also during the three months ended July 1, 2023, we received insurance recoveries of $0.3 million (which was net of our deductible of $0.1 million) and thus, such insurance recoveries were also presented within the same financial statement line item in the condensed consolidated statements of income resulting in no net impact. The amount of the insurance recoveries received in excess of the loss on operating assets was deemed a contingent gain, and since the gain contingencies were deemed resolved, the $0.1 million was also recorded as other income during the three months ended July 1, 2023. Finally, during the three months ended December 31, 2023, the insurance claim was deemed final and closed by our insurance company and we received a final payment of $0.3 million, which was recorded as other income.

Real estate obligations, which include legally binding minimum lease payments for leases executed but not yet commenced, were $5.8 million as of March 30, 2024, and will be paid over the lease term of 10 years.

In the normal course of business, Ducommun and its subsidiaries are defendants in certain other litigation, claims and inquiries, including matters relating to environmental laws. In addition, Ducommun makes various commitments and incurs contingent liabilities in the ordinary course of business. While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of these matters, Ducommun does not presently expect that any sum it may be required to pay in connection with these matters would have a material adverse effect on its condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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Note 13. Business Segment Information

We supply products and services primarily to the aerospace and defense industries. Our subsidiaries are organized into two strategic businesses, Electronic Systems and Structural Systems, each of which is a reportable operating segment.

Financial information by reportable operating segment was as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Net Revenues
Electronic Systems	$	107,539	$	105,626
Structural Systems	83,308		75,565
Total Net Revenues	$	190,847	$	181,191
Segment Operating Income (1)
Electronic Systems	$	18,969	$	10,011
Structural Systems	2,868		4,745
	21,837		14,756
Corporate General and Administrative Expenses (2)	(9,215)		(8,384)
Total Operating Income	$	12,622	$	6,372
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses
Electronic Systems	$	3,632	$	3,498
Structural Systems	4,662		4,432
Corporate Administration	59		59
Total Depreciation and Amortization Expenses	$	8,353	$	7,989
Capital Expenditures
Electronic Systems	$	796	$	1,851
Structural Systems	1,524		3,130
Corporate Administration	2,425		—
Total Capital Expenditures	$	4,745	$	4,981

(1)The results for the three months ended March 30, 2024 include BLR’s results of operations which have been included in our condensed consolidated statements of income since the date of acquisition as part of the Structural Systems segment. See Note 2.

(2)Includes costs not allocated to either the Electronic Systems or Structural Systems operating segments.

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Segment assets include assets directly identifiable to or allocated to each segment. Our segment assets are as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Total Assets
Electronic Systems	$	525,901	$	505,371
Structural Systems (1)	549,233		552,641
Corporate Administration (2)	56,919		62,907
Total Assets	$	1,132,053	$	1,120,919
Goodwill and Intangibles
Electronic Systems	$	170,891	$	173,214
Structural Systems (1)	235,789		237,729
Total Goodwill and Intangibles	$	406,680	$	410,943

(1)In April 2023, we acquired 100.0% of the outstanding equity interests of BLR for an initial purchase price of $115.0 million, net of cash acquired. We allocated the gross purchase price of $117.0 million to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values. The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values of the net assets was recorded as goodwill. See Note 2.

(2)Includes assets not specifically identified to or allocated to either the Electronic Systems or Structural Systems operating segments, including cash and cash equivalents.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview

Ducommun Incorporated (“Ducommun,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is a leading global provider of engineering and manufacturing services for high-performance products and high-cost-of failure applications used primarily in the aerospace and defense (“A&D”), industrial, medical and other industries (collectively, “Industrial”). We differentiate ourselves as a full-service solution-based provider, offering a wide range of value-added products and services in our primary businesses of electronics, structures and integrated solutions. We operate through two primary business segments: Electronic Systems and Structural Systems, each of which is a reportable segment.

In its 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K, The Boeing Company (“Boeing”) indicated that in 2023, global air traffic largely recovered to 2019 levels with domestic travel continuing to be the most robust and international travel has mostly recovered. For 2024, while both major large aircraft manufacturers, Boeing and Airbus SE, have announced either similar or increases in build rates compared to 2023, the ramp up is slower than expected and below pre-pandemic levels. In addition, Boeing, one of our largest customers, was notified by the Federal Aviation Administration (“FAA”) in early January 2024 that the FAA has initiated an investigation into Boeing’s quality control system. This notification was followed by the FAA announcing actions to increase its oversight of Boeing as well as not approving production rate increases or additional production lines for the 737 MAX until it is satisfied that Boeing is in full compliance with required quality control procedures. Since Boeing is one of our largest customers, if Boeing is unable to meet the full compliance of the FAA’s required quality control procedures, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

First quarter 2024 recap:

•Net revenues of $190.8 million

•Net income of $6.8 million, or 3.6% of net revenues, or $0.46 per diluted share

•Adjusted EBITDA of $27.4 million, or 14.4% of net revenues

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Results of Operations

First Quarter of 2024 Compared to First Quarter of 2023

The following table sets forth net revenues, selected financial data, the effective tax rate and diluted earnings per share:


	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024			% of Net Revenues		April 1, 2023			% of Net Revenues
Net Revenues	$	190,847		100.0	%	$	181,191		100.0	%
Cost of Sales	143,904			75.4	%	144,424			79.7	%
Gross Profit	46,943			24.6	%	36,767			20.3	%
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses	32,951			17.3	%	26,225			14.5	%
Restructuring Charges	1,370			0.7	%	4,170			2.3	%
Operating Income	12,622			6.6	%	6,372			3.5	%
Interest Expense	(3,883)			(2.0)	%	(4,219)			(2.3)	%

Other Income	—			—	%	3,886			2.1	%

Income Before Taxes	8,739			4.6	%	6,039			3.3	%
Income Tax Expense	1,890			nm		808			nm
Net Income	$	6,849		3.6	%	$	5,231		2.9	%

Effective Tax Rate	21.6		%	nm		13.4		%	nm
Diluted Earnings Per Share	$	0.46		nm		$	0.42		nm

nm = not meaningful

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Net Revenues by End-Use Market and Operating Segment

Net revenues by end-use market and operating segment during the fiscal three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively, were as follows:


	Three Months Ended
			(Dollars in thousands)				% of Net Revenues
	Change		March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023		March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Consolidated Ducommun
Military and space	$	1,259	$	98,929	$	97,670	51.8	%	53.9	%
Commercial aerospace	8,097		79,917		71,820		41.9	%	39.6	%
Industrial	300		12,001		11,701		6.3	%	6.5	%
Total	$	9,656	$	190,847	$	181,191	100.0	%	100.0	%

Electronic Systems
Military and space	$	(822)	$	72,505	$	73,327	67.4	%	69.4	%
Commercial aerospace	2,435		23,033		20,598		21.4	%	19.5	%
Industrial	300		12,001		11,701		11.2	%	11.1	%
Total	$	1,913	$	107,539	$	105,626	100.0	%	100.0	%

Structural Systems
Military and space	$	2,081	$	26,424	$	24,343	31.7	%	32.2	%
Commercial aerospace	5,662		56,884		51,222		68.3	%	67.8	%
Total	$	7,743	$	83,308	$	75,565	100.0	%	100.0	%

Net revenues for the three months ended March 30, 2024 were $190.8 million, compared to $181.2 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The year-over-year increase was primarily due to the following:

•$8.1 million higher revenues in our commercial aerospace end-use markets due to higher rates on rotary-wing aircraft and both single-aisle and twin-aisle aircraft platforms, partially offset by lower rates on other commercial aerospace platforms; and

•$1.3 million higher revenues in our military and space end-use markets due to higher rates on naval and rotary-wing aircraft platforms, partially offset by lower rates on legacy fixed-wing aircraft platforms.

Net Revenues by Major Customers

A significant portion of our net revenues are from our top ten customers as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Boeing Company	8.0	%	7.7	%
General Dynamics Corporation	4.0	%	5.6	%

Northrop Grumman Corporation	5.0	%	5.2	%
RTX Corporation	14.7	%	16.4	%
Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc.	6.0	%	7.1	%
Viasat, Inc.	3.8	%	5.4	%
Total top ten customers (1)	54.6	%	60.4	%

(1)Includes The Boeing Company (“Boeing”), General Dynamics Corporation (“GD”), Northrop Grumman Corporation (“Northrop”), RTX Corporation (“RTX”), Spirit AeroSystems Holdings, Inc. (“Spirit”), and Viasat, Inc. (“Viasat”) for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023.

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Boeing, GD, Northrop, RTX, Spirit, and Viasat represented the following percentages of total accounts receivable:


	March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Boeing	7.6	%	7.5	%
GD	2.2	%	3.3	%

Northrop	1.8	%	2.5	%
RTX	12.9	%	16.4	%
Spirit	2.6	%	4.2	%
Viasat	5.9	%	8.3	%

The net revenues and accounts receivable from Boeing, GD, Northrop, RTX, Spirit, and Viasat are diversified over a number of commercial, military and space programs and were generated by both operating segments.

Gross Profit

Gross profit consists of net revenues less cost of sales. Cost of sales includes the cost of production of finished products and other expenses related to inventory management, manufacturing quality, and order fulfillment. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues increased year-over-year with the three months ended March 30, 2024 of 24.6%, compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023 of 20.3% primarily due to favorable product mix and higher manufacturing volume.

Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses

SG&A expenses increased $6.7 million year-over-year in the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023 primarily due to BLR SG&A expenses of $5.5 million which did not exist in the prior year period, and higher stock-based compensation expense of $1.0 million.

Restructuring Charges

Restructuring charges decreased $2.8 million year-over-year in the three months ended March 30, 2024, compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023, primarily due to the winding down of the previously disclosed restructuring plan that was approved and commenced in April 2022. See Note 3 for further information.

Interest Expense

Interest expense decreased $0.3 million year-over-year in the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023, primarily due to the interest rate swaps became effective as of January 1, 2024, partially offset by a higher debt balance during the three months ended March 30, 2024.

Income Tax Expense

Our total amount of unrecognized tax benefits was $4.6 million and $4.5 million as of March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. If recognized, $2.8 million would affect the effective tax rate. We record interest and penalty charges, if any, related to uncertain tax positions as a component of tax expense and unrecognized tax benefits. The amounts accrued for interest and penalty charges as of March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were not significant. As a result of statute of limitations set to expire in the fourth quarter of 2024, we expect decreases to our unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $1.0 million in the next twelve months.

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Net Income and Earnings per Share

Net income and earnings per share for the three months ended March 30, 2024 were $6.8 million, or 3.6% of revenues, or $0.46 per diluted share, compared to $5.2 million, or 2.9% of revenues, or $0.42 per diluted share, for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The increase in net income for the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023 was primarily due to higher gross profit of $10.2 million and lower restructuring charges of $2.8 million, partially offset by higher SG&A expenses of $6.7 million and lower other income of $3.9 million. The higher SG&A expenses were primarily due to BLR SG&A expenses of $5.5 million which did not exist in the prior year period as the acquisition of BLR was completed during the three months ended July 1, 2023.

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Business Segment Performance

We report our financial performance based upon the two reportable operating segments: Electronic Systems and Structural Systems. The results of operations differ between our reportable operating segments due to differences in competitors, customers, extent of proprietary deliverables and performance. The following table summarizes our business segment performance for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023:


	Three Months Ended
	%		(Dollars in thousands)				% of Net Revenues
	Change		March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023		March 30, 2024		April 1, 2023
Net Revenues
Electronic Systems	1.8	%	$	107,539	$	105,626	56.3	%	58.3	%
Structural Systems	10.2	%	83,308		75,565		43.7	%	41.7	%
Total Net Revenues	5.3	%	$	190,847	$	181,191	100.0	%	100.0	%
Segment Operating Income
Electronic Systems			$	18,969	$	10,011	17.6	%	9.5	%
Structural Systems			2,868		4,745		3.4	%	6.3	%
			21,837		14,756
Corporate General and Administrative Expenses (1)			(9,215)		(8,384)		(4.8)	%	(4.6)	%
Total Operating Income			$	12,622	$	6,372	6.6	%	3.5	%
Adjusted EBITDA
Electronic Systems
Operating Income			$	18,969	$	10,011

Depreciation and Amortization			3,632		3,498
Stock-Based Compensation Expense (2)			80		132
Restructuring Charges			459		1,874
			23,140		15,515		21.5	%	14.7	%
Structural Systems
Operating Income			2,868		4,745

Depreciation and Amortization			4,662		4,432
Stock-Based Compensation Expense (3)			86		102
Restructuring Charges			911		2,296
Guaymas fire related expenses			—		1,468

Inventory Purchase Accounting Adjustments			791		—
			9,318		13,043		11.2	%	17.3	%
Corporate General and Administrative Expenses (1)
Operating Loss			(9,215)		(8,384)

Depreciation and Amortization			59		59
Stock-Based Compensation Expense (4)			4,092		2,847


			(5,064)		(5,478)
Adjusted EBITDA			$	27,394	$	23,080	14.4	%	12.7	%



Capital Expenditures
Electronic Systems			$	796	$	1,851
Structural Systems			1,524		3,130
Corporate Administration			2,425		—
Total Capital Expenditures			$	4,745	$	4,981

(1)Includes costs not allocated to either the Electronic Systems or Structural Systems operating segments.

(2)The three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 both included less than $0.1 million of stock-based compensation expense recorded as cost of sales.

(3)The three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 both included $0.1 million of stock-based compensation expense recorded as cost of sales.

(4)The three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 included $1.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense for awards with both performance and market conditions that will be settled in cash.

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Electronic Systems

Electronic Systems net revenues in the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023 increased $1.9 million primarily due to the following:

•$2.4 million higher revenues in our commercial aerospace end-use markets due to higher rates on large aircraft platforms; partially offset by

•$0.8 million lower revenues in our military and space end-use markets due to lower rates on fixed-wing aircraft platforms, partially offset by higher rates on various missile and naval platforms.

Electronic Systems segment operating income in the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023 increased $9.0 million primarily due to higher manufacturing volume, favorable product mix, and lower restructuring charges.

Structural Systems

Structural Systems net revenues in the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023 increased $7.7 million primarily due to the following:

•$5.7 million higher revenues in our commercial aerospace end-use markets due to higher rates on rotary-wing and large aircraft platforms, partially offset by lower rates on other commercial platforms; and

•$2.1 million higher revenues in our military and space end-use markets due to higher rates on fixed-wing and rotary-wing platforms, partially offset by lower rates on missile platforms.

The Structural Systems segment operating income in the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023 decreased $1.9 million primarily due to higher costs associated with the wind down of our Monrovia performance center, partially offset by favorable product mix and lower restructuring charges.

In April 2023, we acquired 100.0% of BLR Aerospace L.L.C. (“BLR”). The initial purchase price for BLR was $115.0 million, net of cash acquired, all payable in cash. We paid a gross aggregate of $117.0 million in cash upon the closing of the transaction. BLR’s results of operations have been included in our condensed consolidated statements of income since the date of acquisition and is a part of the Structural Systems segment. See Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further information.

In June 2020, a fire severely damaged our performance center in Guaymas, Mexico. We have insurance coverage and up to a capped amount, expect these items will be covered, less our deductible. The full financial impact cannot be estimated at this time as we are currently working with our insurance carriers to determine the cause of the fire. The loss of production from the Guaymas performance center was absorbed by our other existing performance centers, however, we have reestablished and are in the process of certification with various customers and ramping up our manufacturing capabilities in a different leased facility in Guaymas. A neighboring, non-related manufacturing facility, also suffered fire damage during the same time as the fire that severely damaged our Guaymas performance center. As responsibility for the fire is still undetermined, there is no amount of loss that is probable and reasonably estimable at this time. If we are ultimately deemed to be responsible or partly responsible, it is possible we could incur a loss in excess of our insurance coverage limits, which could be material to our cash flow, liquidity, or financial results. See Note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

In April 2023, a fire damaged a relatively small portion of one of our performance centers in our Structural Systems reporting segment. Our insurance covers damage, up to a capped amount, to the property and equipment at replacement cost, as well as business interruption and recovery related expenses caused by the fire, less our per claim deductible. There was a loss of production in this damaged portion of the performance center for a short period of time, but the incident did not otherwise result in significant disruption to customer delivery schedules. Production in this damaged portion resumed during the three months ended July 1, 2023. See Note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

Corporate General and Administrative (“CG&A”) Expenses

CG&A expenses increased $0.8 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended April 1, 2023 primarily due to higher stock-based compensation expense of $1.0 million and higher compensation and benefits costs of $0.6 million, partially offset by lower professional services fees of $0.8 million.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation expense, restructuring charges, Guaymas fire related expenses, insurance recoveries related to loss on operating assets, and inventory purchase accounting adjustments (“Adjusted EBITDA”) were $27.4 million and $23.1 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023, respectively.

When viewed with our financial results prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and accompanying reconciliations, we believe Adjusted EBITDA provides additional useful information that clarifies and enhances the understanding of the factors and trends affecting our past performance and future prospects. We define this measure, explain how it is calculated and provide a reconciliation of this measure to the most comparable GAAP measure in the table below. Adjusted EBITDA and the related financial ratios, as presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”), are supplemental measures of our performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. They are not a measurement of our financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP, or as an alternative to net cash provided by operating activities as measures of our liquidity. The presentation of these measures should not be interpreted to mean that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or nonrecurring items.

We use Adjusted EBITDA as a non-GAAP operating performance measure internally as a complementary financial measure to evaluate the performance and trends of our businesses. We present Adjusted EBITDA and the related financial ratios, as applicable, because we believe that measures such as these provide useful information with respect to our ability to meet our operating commitments.

Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations include:

•It does not reflect our cash expenditures, future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

•It does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

•It does not reflect the significant interest expense or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt;

•Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements;

•It is not adjusted for all non-cash income or expense items that are reflected in our statements of cash flows;

•It does not reflect the impact on earnings of charges resulting from matters unrelated to our ongoing operations; and

•Other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently from us, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

As a result of these limitations, Adjusted EBITDA and the related financial ratios should not be considered as measures of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business or as a measure of cash that will be available to us to meet our obligations. You should compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using Adjusted EBITDA only as supplemental information. See our condensed consolidated financial statements contained in this Form 10-Q.

Even with the limitations above, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA is useful to an investor in evaluating our results of operations as this measure:

•Is widely used by investors to measure a company’s operating performance without regard to items excluded from the calculation of such terms, which can vary substantially from company to company depending upon accounting methods and book value of assets, capital structure and the method by which assets were acquired, among other factors;

•Helps investors to evaluate and compare the results of our operations from period to period by removing the effect of our capital structure from our operating performance; and

•Is used by our management team for various other purposes in presentations to our Board of Directors as a basis for strategic planning and forecasting.

The following financial items have been added back to or subtracted from our net income when calculating Adjusted EBITDA:

•Interest expense may be useful to investors for determining current cash flow;

•Income tax expense may be useful to investors because it represents the taxes which may be payable for the period and the change in deferred taxes during the period, and may reduce cash flow available for use in our business;

•Depreciation may be useful to investors because it generally represents the wear and tear on our property and equipment used in our operations;

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•Amortization expense may be useful to investors because it represents the estimated attrition of our acquired customer base and the diminishing value of product rights;

•Stock-based compensation may be useful to our investors for determining current cash flow;

•Restructuring charges may be useful to our investors in evaluating our core operating performance;

•Guaymas fire related expenses may be useful to our investors in evaluating our core operating performance;

•Insurance recoveries related to loss on operating assets (property and equipment, inventories, and other assets) may be useful to our investors in evaluating our core operating performance; and

•Purchase accounting inventory step-ups may be useful to our investors as they do not necessarily reflect the current or on-going cash charges related to our core operating performance.

Reconciliations of net income to Adjusted EBITDA and the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net revenues were as follows:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	Three Months Ended
	March 30, 2024			April 1, 2023
Net income	$	6,849		$	5,231
Interest expense	3,883			4,219

Income tax expense	1,890			808
Depreciation	4,016			3,740
Amortization	4,337			4,249
Stock-based compensation expense (1)	4,258			3,081

Restructuring charges	1,370			4,170
Guaymas fire related expenses	—			1,468

Insurance recoveries related to loss on operating assets	—			(3,886)

Inventory purchase accounting adjustments	791			—



Adjusted EBITDA	$	27,394		$	23,080
Net income as a % of net revenues	3.6		%	2.9		%
Adjusted EBITDA as a % of net revenues	14.4		%	12.7		%

(1) The three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 included $1.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense for awards with both performance and market conditions that will be settled in cash. The three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023 included less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense recorded as cost of sales.

Backlog

We define backlog as customer placed purchase orders (“POs”) and long-term agreements (“LTAs”) with firm fixed price and expected delivery dates of 24 months or less. The majority of the LTAs do not meet the definition of a contract under ASC 606 and thus, the backlog amount disclosed below is greater than the remaining performance obligations amount disclosed in Note 1 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Backlog is subject to delivery delays or program cancellations, which are beyond our control. Backlog is affected by timing differences in the placement of customer orders and tends to be concentrated in several programs to a greater extent than our net revenues. Backlog in industrial markets tends to be of a shorter duration and is generally fulfilled within a three month period. As a result of these factors, trends in our overall level of backlog may not be indicative of trends in our future net revenues.

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The increase in backlog was primarily in the military and space end-use markets and commercial aerospace end-use markets. $672.0 million of total backlog is expected to be delivered over the next 12 months. The following table summarizes our backlog as of March 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	(Dollars in thousands)
	Change		March 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Consolidated Ducommun
Military and space	$	41,859	$	569,002	$	527,143
Commercial aerospace	12,639		442,133		429,494
Industrial	(2,478)		34,453		36,931
Total	$	52,020	$	1,045,588	$	993,568
Electronic Systems
Military and space	$	36,425	$	434,106	$	397,681
Commercial aerospace	9,832		97,826		87,994
Industrial	(2,478)		34,453		36,931
Total	$	43,779	$	566,385	$	522,606
Structural Systems
Military and space	$	5,434	$	134,896	$	129,462
Commercial aerospace	2,807		344,307		341,500
Total	$	8,241	$	479,203	$	470,962

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Available Liquidity

Total debt, the weighted-average interest rate, cash and cash equivalents and available credit facilities were as follows:


	(Dollars in millions)
	March 30,			December 31,
	2024			2023
Total debt, including long-term portion	$	264.4		$	266.0
Weighted-average interest rate on debt	7.27		%	7.53		%
Term Loans interest rate	7.24		%	6.93		%

Cash and cash equivalents	$	32.1		$	42.9
Unused Revolving Credit Facility	$	176.0		$	176.0

In July 2022, we completed a refinancing of all our existing debt by entering into a new term loan (“2022 Term Loan”) and a new revolving credit facility (“2022 Revolving Credit Facility”). The 2022 Term Loan is a $250.0 million senior secured loan that matures on July 14, 2027. The 2022 Revolving Credit Facility is a $200.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility that matures on July 14, 2027. The 2022 Term Loan and 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, collectively, represent our new credit facilities (“2022 Credit Facilities”). In conjunction with the closing of the 2022 Credit Facilities, we utilized the entire $250.0 million of proceeds from the 2022 Term Loan plus our existing cash on hand to pay off our entire debt balance outstanding of $254.2 million under our prior credit facilities. At the same leverage ratio, the interest rate spread in the 2022 Credit Facilities is lower than the interest rate spread under our prior credit facilities. Interest payments are typically paid either on a monthly or quarterly basis, depending on the interest rate selected, on the last business day each month or quarter. In addition, the 2022 Term Loan requires quarterly amortization payments of 0.625% during year one and year two, 1.250% during year three and year four, and 1.875% during year five of the original outstanding principal balance of the 2022 Term Loan amount, on the last business day each quarter. Further, the undrawn portion of the commitment of the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility is subject to a commitment fee ranging from 0.175% to 0.275%, based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio, typically paid on a quarterly basis, on the last business day each quarter. However, the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility does not require any principal installment payments. As of March 30, 2024, we were in compliance with all covenants required under the 2022 Credit Facilities. See Note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further information.

We made the mandatory quarterly amortization payments under our existing term loan of $1.6 million during both three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023. We made no voluntary prepayments on our term loans during both three months ended March 30, 2024 and April 1, 2023.

In April 2022, management approved and commenced a restructuring plan that will position us for stronger performance. The restructuring plan will mainly reduce headcount and consolidate facilities. As a result of this restructuring plan, we analyzed the need to write-down inventory and impair long-lived assets, including operating lease right-of-use assets. As of March 30, 2024, we estimate the remaining amount of charges related to this initiative will be $4.0 million to $6.0 million in total pre-tax restructuring charges through 2024. Of these charges, we estimate $3.5 million to $5.0 million to be cash payments for employee separation and other facility consolidation related expenses, and $0.5 million to $1.0 million to be non-cash charges for impairment of long-lived assets. The restructuring accrual for severance and benefits of $4.5 million as of March 30, 2024 are expected to be paid out through 2024. On an annualized basis, we anticipate these restructuring actions will result in total cost savings of $11.0 million to $13.0 million. See Note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further information.

In November 2021, we entered into derivative contracts, U.S. dollar-one month LIBOR forward interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges, all with an effective date of January 1, 2024, for an aggregate total notional amount of $150.0 million, weighted average fixed rate of 1.8%, and all terminating on January 1, 2031 (“Forward Interest Rate Swaps”). The Forward Interest Rate Swaps mature on a monthly basis, with fixed amount payer payment dates on the first day of each calendar month, commencing on February 1, 2024 through January 1, 2031. See Note 1, Note 4, and Note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further information.

In July 2022, as a result of completing a refinancing of our existing debt, we were required to complete an amendment of the Forward Interest Rate Swaps (“Amended Forward Interest Rate Swaps”). The Forward Interest Rate Swaps were based on U.S. dollar-one month LIBOR and were amended to be based on one month Term SOFR as borrowings using LIBOR are no longer available under the 2022 Credit Facilities. The Amended Forward Interest Rate Swaps weighted average fixed rate is 1.7%, as a result of the difference between U.S. dollar-one month LIBOR and one month Term SOFR. See Note 1, Note 4, and Note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further information.

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In May 2023, we completed a public offering of our common stock resulting in net proceeds of $85.1 million. The public stock offering net proceeds along with cash on hand were used to pay down $85.2 million on the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility that was drawn on and utilized to complete the acquisition of BLR. See Note 2, Note 8, and Note 9 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further information.

We expect to spend a total of $23.0 million to $25.0 million for capital expenditures in 2024 financed by cash generated from operations, principally to support new contract awards in Electronic Systems and Structural Systems. As part of our strategic plan to become a supplier of higher-level assemblies and win new contract awards, additional up-front investment in tooling will be required for newer programs which have higher engineering content and higher levels of complexity in assemblies.

We believe the ongoing aerospace and defense subcontractor consolidation makes acquisitions an increasingly important component of our future growth. We will continue to make prudent acquisitions and capital expenditures for manufacturing equipment and facilities to support long-term contracts for commercial and military aircraft and defense programs.

We monitor our asset base, including the market dynamics of the properties we own, and we may sell such properties and/or enter into sale-leaseback transactions. Such transactions would provide cash for various capital deployment options.

We continue to depend on operating cash flow and the availability of our 2022 Credit Facilities to provide short-term liquidity. Cash generated from operations and bank borrowing capacity is expected to provide sufficient liquidity to meet our obligations during the next twelve months from the date of issuance of these financial statements.

Cash Flow Summary

Net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 30, 2024 was $1.6 million, compared to $18.9 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The lower net cash used in operating activities during the first three months of 2024 was mainly due to a smaller increase in inventories and higher contract liabilities, partially offset by higher contract assets.

Net cash used in investing activities was $5.0 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024, compared to $5.4 million in the three months ended April 1, 2023. The lower net cash used in investing activities during the first three months of 2024 compared to the prior year period was due to lower purchases of property and equipment.

Net cash used in financing activities was $4.2 million for the three months ended March 30, 2024, compared to a net cash used in financing activities of $4.8 million for the three months ended April 1, 2023. The lower net cash used in financing activities during the first three months of 2024 was mainly due to lower net cash paid upon issuance of common stock under stock plans.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Our off-balance sheet arrangements consist of operating and finance leases not recorded as a result of the practical expedients utilized, right of offset of industrial revenue bonds and associated failed sales-leasebacks on property and equipment, and indemnities, none of which we believe may have a material current or future effect on our financial condition, liquidity, capital resources, or results of operations.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires estimation and judgment that affect the reported amounts of net revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities. For a description of our critical accounting policies, please refer to “Critical Accounting Policies” in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no material changes in any of our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 30, 2024.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See “Part I, Item 1. Ducommun Incorporated and Subsidiaries—Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies—Recent Accounting Pronouncements” for further information.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our main market risk exposure relates to changes in U.S. interest rates on our outstanding long-term debt. At March 30, 2024, we had total borrowings of $264.4 million under our 2022 Credit Facilities.

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The 2022 Term Loan bears interest, at our option, at a rate equal to either (i) Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“Term SOFR”) plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.375% to 2.375% per year or (ii) Base Rate (defined as the highest of [a] Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, [b] Bank of America’s prime rate, and [c] Term SOFR plus 1.00%, and if the Base Rate is less than zero percent, it will be deemed zero percent) plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.375% to 1.375% per year, in each case based upon the consolidated total net adjusted leverage ratio.

A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in the interest rate would have an immaterial impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company’s chief executive officer (“CEO”) and chief financial officer (“CFO”) have conducted an evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of March 30, 2024. The Company had previously reported a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting related to not designing and maintaining effective controls over the accuracy of contract terms and the reasonableness of gross margin assumptions used to recognize revenue. Specifically, the Company did not verify that amendments to purchase orders and gross margin percentage assumptions used in the Company’s revenue recognition analysis were properly reviewed at a sufficient level of precision, which was described in Item 9A in the Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. As a result of the material weakness in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, which was not remediated as of March 30, 2024, the CEO and CFO concluded the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 30, 2024.

Remediation of Material Weakness

We have implemented remediation steps to address the material weakness described above to improve our internal control over verification of amendments to purchase orders and the gross margin percentage assumptions used to recognize revenue.

Actions taken:

•We have redesigned our existing controls to expand the selection criteria for contracts requiring an estimate at completion (“EAC”) analysis to support the gross margin percentage used for revenue recognition.

•We have increased the rigor and review of the EAC process, including standardization of the analysis and related documentation and verification of the contract value utilized to the underlying customer purchase order.

•We have implemented additional analytical procedures to ensure the accuracy of gross margin assumptions.

While significant progress has been made to enhance our internal control over financial reporting relating to the material weakness, additional time will be required to assess and ensure the sustainability of these processes and procedures. We expect to complete the assessment and ensure sustainability of these processes and procedures during 2024, however, we cannot make any assurances that such actions will be completed during 2024. Until the remediation steps set forth above are fully implemented and concluded to be operating effectively, the material weakness described above will continue to exist.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Except as otherwise discussed above under “Remediation of Material Weakness,” there were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See Note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for a description of our legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

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See Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-K”) for the year ended December 31, 2023 for a discussion of our risk factors. Other than the risk factor below, there have been no material changes during the three months ended March 30, 2024 to the risk factors disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit

No. Description

3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on May 29, 1990. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1990.

3.2 Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on May 27, 1998. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998.

3.3 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Ducommun Incorporated, dated as of November 4, 2022. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

*10.1 2024 Employee Stock Incentive Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed on April 25, 2024.

31.1 Certification of Principal Executive Officer.

31.2 Certification of Principal Financial Officer.

32 Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS Inline XBRL Instance Document with Embedded Linkbase Documents - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL

104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

___________________

* Indicates an executive compensation plan or arrangement.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


		DUCOMMUN INCORPORATED
		(Registrant)

Date: May 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Stephen G. Oswald
		Stephen G. Oswald
		Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: May 8, 2024	By:	/s/ Suman B. Mookerji
		Suman B. Mookerji
		Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Principal Accounting Officer)