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dummy:Item
 
 
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
1
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM
20-F
(Mark One)
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
 
PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
OR
 
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2023
OR
 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from
 
to
OR
 
SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Date of event requiring this shell company report
Commission file number
1-15200
Equinor ASA
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
N/A
(Translation of Registrant’s Name Into English)
Norway
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
Forusbeen 50
,
N-4035
,
Stavanger
,
Norway
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Torgrim Reitan
Chief Financial Officer
Equinor ASA
Forusbeen 50
,
N-4035
Stavanger
,
Norway
Telephone No.: 011-
47
-
5199-0000
Fax No.: 011-47-
5199-0050
(Name, Telephone,
 
E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of Each Exchange On Which
Registered
American Depositary Shares
EQNR
New York Stock Exchange
Ordinary shares, nominal value of NOK
2.50
 
each
EQNR
New York Stock Exchange
*
*Listed, not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the
requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
 
None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
 
None
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
2
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the
period covered by the annual report.
Ordinary shares of NOK 2.50 each
2,944,733,144
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
 
Yes
 
No
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
Yes
 
 
No
Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.
Yes
 
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to
file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically Interactive Data File required to be submitted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period
that the registrant was required to submit and post such files)
Yes
 
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,
 
or an
emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,”
 
“accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company”
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
 
Accelerated filer
 
Non-accelerated filer
 
Emerging growth company
 
 
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP,
 
indicate by check mark if
the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards† provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act
 
† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards
Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the
effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 762(b))
by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the
registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive
based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to
§240.10D-1(b).
 
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this
filing:
U.S. GAAP
 
International Financial Reporting Standards
 
as issued
by the International Accounting Standards Board
 
 
Other
 
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the
registrant has elected to follow.
Item 17
 
Item 18
 
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act).
Yes
 
 
No
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
USE AND RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
PART I
ITEM 1.
 
IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
A.
 
Directors and Senior Management
B.
 
Advisers
C.
 
Auditors
ITEM 2.
 
OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
A.
 
Offer Statistics
B.
 
Method and Expected Timetable
ITEM 3.
 
KEY INFORMATION
A.
 
[Reserved]
B.
 
Capitalization and Indebtedness
C.
 
Reason for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
D.
 
Risk Factors
ITEM 4.
 
INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
A.
 
History and Development of the Company
B.
 
Business Overview
C.
 
Organizational Structure
D.
 
Property, Plant and Equipment
ITEM 4A.
 
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 5.
 
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
A.
 
Operating Results
B.
 
Liquidity and capital resources
C.
 
Research and development, Patents and Licences, etc.
D.
 
Trend information
E.
 
Critical Accounting Estimates
ITEM 6.
 
DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A.
 
Directors and Senior Management
B.
 
Compensation
C.
 
Board Practices
D.
 
Employees
E.
 
Share Ownership
F.
Disclosure of a registrant’s action to recover erroneously awarded compensation.
ITEM 7.
 
MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A.
 
Major shareholders
B.
 
Related Party Transactions
C.
 
Interests of Experts and Counsel
ITEM 8.
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A.
 
Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
B.
 
Significant Changes
ITEM 9.
 
THE OFFER AND LISTING
A.
 
Offer and Listing Details
B.
 
Plan of Distribution
C.
 
Markets
D.
 
Selling Shareholders
E.
 
Dilution
F.
Expenses of the Issue
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A.
 
Share Capital
B.
 
Memorandum and Articles of Association
C.
 
Material Contracts
D.
 
Exchange controls
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
4
E.
 
Taxation
F.
Dividends and Paying Agents
G.
 
Statement by Experts
H.
 
Documents on Display
I.
 
Subsidiary Information
J.
 
Annual Report to Security Holders.
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE
 
AND QUALITATIVE
 
DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
A.
 
Debt Securities
B.
 
Warrants and Rights
C.
 
Other Securities
D.
 
American Depositary Shares
PART II
ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 16. [RESERVED]
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER
 
AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 16H. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
ITEM 16I. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
ITEM 16J. INSIDER TRADING POLICIES
ITEM 16K. CYBERSECURITY
 
PART III
ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ITEM 19. EXHIBITS
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
5
INTRODUCTION
Unless otherwise indicated, all references herein to “we”, “our”, the “company”, the “group” or
 
“Equinor” are references to Equinor ASA
and its consolidated subsidiaries.
This document is our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended 31 December 2023 (“
2023 Form 20-F
”). Reference is made to
our Norwegian Integrated Annual Report for 2023 which is attached hereto as Exhibit 15.4
 
(the “
2023 Annual Report
”), our 2023 Oil
and Gas Reserves Report which is attached hereto as exhibit 15.5 (the “
2023 Oil and Gas Reserves Report
”), our 2023
Remuneration Report which is attached hereto as exhibit 15.6 (the
“2023 Remuneration Report
”), and our 2023 Board of
Governance Report which is attached hereto as exhibit 15.7 (the “
2023 Corporate Governance Report
”). Only (i) the information
included in this 2023 Form 20-F, (ii) the information in the 2023 Annual Report, the 2023 Oil and Gas Reserves Report, the 2023
Remuneration Report and the 2023 Corporate Governance Report that is incorporated by reference
 
in this 2023 Form 20-F (excluding
any page references incorporated in the incorporated material unless specifically noted otherwise),
 
and (iii) the other exhibits to this
2023 Form 20-F shall be deemed to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“
SEC
”) for any purpose, including
incorporation by reference into the Registration Statement on Form F-3 filed on May 4, 2023 (File No.
 
333-271647), and Registration
Statement on Form S-8 filed on February 9, 2022 (File No. 333-262601) and any other documents filed
 
by us pursuant to the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, which purport to incorporate by reference the 2023 Form
 
20-F.
 
Unless otherwise indicated,
references to major headings include all information under such major headings, including subheadings, unless
 
such reference is a
reference to a subheading, in which case such reference includes only the information
 
contained under such subheading. Any other
information shall not be deemed to be so incorporated by reference.
 
In addition to the information set out below, the information set forth under the heading “Other definitions and abbreviations” in Section
5.7 of Chapter 5 on pages 306 – 309 of the 2023 Annual Report is incorporated herein by
 
reference.
The 2023 Annual Report contains references to our website (https://www
.
equinor.com).
 
Information on our website or any other
website referenced in the 2023 Annual Report is not incorporated into this document and should
 
not be considered part of this
document.
The SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports and other information regarding
 
issuers that file electronically with the
SEC. Our filings with the SEC are available to the public through the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
The information about Equinor’s competitive position in this 2023 Form 20-F (including
 
the information in the 2023 Annual Report that
is incorporated by reference herein) is based on several sources such as investment analyst reports,
 
independent market studies, and
internal assessments of market share based on publicly available information about the financial
 
results and performance of market
players.
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
6
USE AND RECONCILIATION OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES
Since 2007, Equinor has been preparing its audited consolidated financial statements in accordance
 
with International Financial
Reporting Standards (IFRS® Accounting Standards) as adopted by the European Union (EU)
 
and as issued by the International
Accounting Standards Board. IFRS Accounting Standards have been applied consistently to
 
all periods in our audited consolidated
financial statements as of 31 December 2023 and 2022, and for the three years ended 31 December
 
2023 included in this 2023 Form
20-F (the “Consolidated financial statements”).
Non-GAAP financial measures are defined as numerical measures that either exclude or include
 
amounts that are not excluded or
included in the comparable measures calculated and presented in accordance with generally accepted
 
accounting principles: (i.e,
IFRS Accounting Standards in the case of Equinor). The following financial measures included
 
in this 2023 Form 20-F may be
considered non-GAAP financial measures:
a)
 
Net debt to capital employed ratio, Net debt to capital employed ratio adjusted, including lease liabilities
 
and Net debt to capital
employed ratio adjusted
b)
 
Return on average capital employed (ROACE)
c)
 
Organic capital expenditures
d)
 
Gross capital expenditure (gross capex)
e)
 
Cash flows from operations after taxes paid (CFFO after taxes paid)
f)
 
Net cash flow (previously named Free cash flow)
g)
 
Adjusted earnings and adjusted earnings after tax
For more information on the calculation and reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures,
 
see “Item 5. Operating and
Financial Review and Prospects—B. Liquidity and capital resources—Use and reconciliation of non-GAAP
 
financial measures.”
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
7
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This 2023 Form 20-F F (including information incorporated
 
herein from the 2023 Integrated Annual Report)
 
contains certain forward-looking
statements that involve risks and uncertainties, in
 
particular in the sections incorporated by reference in
 
Item 4 of this 2023 Form 20-F. In
some cases, we use words such as "aim", "ambition",
 
"anticipate", "believe", "continue", “commit”, "could",
 
"estimate", "expect", "intend",
"likely", "objective", "outlook", "may", "plan", "schedule",
 
"seek", "should", "strategy", "target", "will", "goal" and
 
similar expressions to identify
forward-looking statements. All statements other than
 
statements of historical fact, including: the commitment
 
to develop as a broad energy
company and diversify our energy mix; the ambition
 
to be a leading company in the energy
 
transition; ambition to reach net zero by 2050
 
and
expectations regarding progress on our energy
 
transition plan; our ambitions regarding reduction
 
in operated emissions and net carbon
intensity and allocation of gross capex* to renewables
 
and low carbon solutions; our ambitions and
 
expectations regarding decarbonisation;
our ambition to maintain value in oil and gas,
 
focus on high value growth in renewables and
 
contribute to maturing CCS and hydrogen
markets; ambition to attain a leadership position
 
in the European CCS market and expectations regarding
 
market share for storage and
hydrogen; aims, expectations and plans for renewables production
 
capacity and power generation, investments in
 
renewables and low-carbon
solutions and the balance between oil and gas and
 
renewables production; our expectations with respect
 
to net carbon intensity, operated
emissions, carbon and methane intensity and flaring
 
reductions; our internal carbon price and other
 
financial metrics for investment decisions;
break-even considerations and targets; robustness of
 
our portfolio; aims and expectations regarding
 
Equinor’s resilience across different
climate scenarios; future levels of, and expected value
 
creation from, oil and gas production, scale and
 
composition of the oil and gas portfolio,
and development of CCS and hydrogen businesses;
 
plans to develop fields; our intention to optimise
 
and mature our portfolio; future
worldwide economic trends, market outlook and
 
future economic projections and assumptions, including
 
commodity price assumptions;
expectations and plans regarding capital expenditures;
 
future financial performance, including earnings,
 
cash flow, liquidity and return on
average capital employed (ROACE)*; the ambition
 
to grow cash flow and returns; expectations regarding
 
cash flow and returns from our oil
and gas portfolio and renewables and low carbon
 
solutions portfolio; organic capital expenditures for 2024;
 
expectations and estimates
regarding production and execution of projects;
 
the ambition to keep unit of production cost in
 
the top quartile of our peer group; scheduled
maintenance activity and the effects thereof on equity production;
 
business strategy and competitive position; sales,
 
trading and market
strategies; research and development initiatives and
 
strategy, including ambitions regarding allocation of research and development
 
capital
towards renewables and low carbon-solutions; expectations
 
related to production levels, unit production cost,
 
investments, exploration
activities, discoveries and development in connection
 
with our ongoing transactions and projects;
 
our ambitions, expectations and plans
regarding diversity and inclusion, employee training
 
and supporting a just energy transition; plans
 
and expectations regarding completion and
results of acquisitions, disposals and other contractual
 
arrangements and delivery commitments; plans,
 
ambitions and expectations regarding
recovery factors and levels, future margins and future
 
levels or development of capacity, reserves or resources; planned turnarounds and
other maintenance activity; expectations regarding
 
growth in oil and gas, , including for volumes lifted and
 
sold to equal entitlement production,
and renewable power production; estimates related
 
to production and development, forecasts, reporting
 
levels and dates; operational
expectations, estimates, schedules and costs; expectations
 
relating to licences and leases; oil, gas, alternative
 
fuel and energy prices,
volatility, supply and demand; plans and expectations regarding processes
 
related to human rights laws, corporate
 
structure and
organizational policies; digitization, technological innovation,
 
implementation, position and expectations;
 
expectations regarding role and
composition of the board and our remuneration policies;
 
our goal of safe and efficient operations; effectiveness
 
of our internal policies and
plans; our ability to manage our risk exposure,
 
our liquidity levels and management of liquidity
 
reserves; future credit ratings; estimated or
future liabilities, obligations or expenses; expected
 
impact of currency and interest rate fluctuations;
 
projected outcome, impact or timing of
HSE regulations; HSE goals and objectives of
 
management for future operations; our ambitions
 
and plans regarding biodiversity (including
 
our
aim to develop a net-positive impact approach
 
for projects) and value creation for society; expectations
 
related to regulatory trends; impact of
PSA effects; projected impact or timing of administrative
 
or governmental rules, standards, decisions,
 
standards or laws (including taxation
laws); projected impact of legal claims against us;
 
plans for capital distribution, share buy-backs and
 
amounts and timing of dividends are
forward-looking statements.
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Our actual results
 
could differ materially from those anticipated in
the forward-looking statements for many reasons, including
 
the risks factors incorporated in Item 3.D of this 2023
 
Form 20-
F.
 
Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of
 
future performance. They reflect current views
 
about future events, are based on
management’s current expectations and assumptions and are,
 
by their nature, subject to significant risks and
 
uncertainties because they
relate to events and depend on circumstances
 
that will occur in the future. There are a number
 
of factors that could cause actual results
 
and
developments to differ materially from those expressed or
 
implied by these forward-looking statements,
 
including levels of industry product
supply, demand and pricing, in particular in light of significant oil price
 
volatility; unfavourable macroeconomic conditions and
 
inflationary
pressures; exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations;
 
levels and calculations of reserves and material
 
differences from reserves estimates;
regulatory stability and access to resources, including
 
attractive low carbon opportunities; the effects of climate
 
change and changes in
stakeholder sentiment and regulatory requirements
 
regarding climate change; changes in market
 
demand and supply for renewables; inability
to meet strategic objectives; the development and use
 
of new technology; social and/or political instability, including as a result
 
of Russia’s
invasion of Ukraine and the conflict in the
 
Middle East; failure to prevent or manage digital
 
and cyber disruptions to our information and
operational technology systems and those of third parties
 
on which we rely; operational problems, including
 
cost inflation in capital and
operational expenditures; unsuccessful drilling; availability
 
of adequate infrastructure at commercially viable
 
prices; the actions of field partners
and other third-parties; reputational damage; the actions
 
of competitors; the actions of the Norwegian
 
state as majority shareholder and
exercise of ownership by the Norwegian state;
 
changes or uncertainty in or non-compliance
 
with laws and governmental regulations; adverse
changes in tax regimes; the political and economic
 
policies of Norway and other oil-producing countries;
 
regulations on hydraulic fracturing
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
8
and low-carbon value chains; liquidity, interest rate, equity and credit risks; risk
 
of losses relating to trading and commercial
 
supply activities;
an inability to attract and retain personnel; ineffectiveness
 
of crisis management systems; inadequate insurance
 
coverage; health, safety and
environmental risks; physical security risks to personnel,
 
assets, infrastructure and operations from hostile
 
or malicious acts; failure to meet
our ethical and social standards; non-compliance with
 
international trade sanctions; and other factors discussed
 
elsewhere in this 2023 Form
20-F.
The achievement of Equinor’s climate ambitions
 
depends, in part, on broader societal shifts in
 
consumer demands and technological
advancements, each of which are beyond Equinor’s
 
control. Should society’s demands and technological innovation
 
not shift in parallel with
Equinor’s pursuit of its energy transition plan,
 
Equinor’s ability to meet its climate ambitions
 
will be impaired. The calculation of Equinor’s
 
net
carbon intensity presented in this report includes an
 
estimate of emissions from the use of sold products
 
(GHG protocol category 11) as a
means to more accurately evaluate the emission lifecycle
 
of what we produce to respond to the energy
 
transition and potential business
opportunities arising from shifting consumer demands.
 
Including these emissions in the calculations should
 
in no way be construed as an
acceptance by Equinor of responsibility for the
 
emissions caused by such use.
The reference to any scenario in this report, including
 
any potential net-zero scenarios, does not imply
 
Equinor views any particular scenario
as likely to occur. Third-party scenarios discussed in this report reflect
 
the modeling assumptions and outputs of their respective
 
authors, not
Equinor, and their use by Equinor is not an endorsement by Equinor
 
of their underlying assumptions, likelihood or probability. Investment
decisions are made on the basis of Equinor’s
 
separate planning process. Any use of the modeling of
 
a third-party organization within this
report does not constitute or imply an endorsement
 
by Equinor of any or all of the positions or
 
activities of such organization.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected
 
in the forward-looking statements are reasonable,
 
we cannot assure you that our future
results, level of activity, performance or achievements will meet these expectations.
 
Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes
responsibility for the accuracy and completeness
 
of the forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking
 
statement speaks only as of the date
on which such statement is made, and, except as
 
required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to update
 
any of these statements
after the date of this 2023 Form 20-F, either to make them conform to actual results or changes
 
in our expectations.
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
9
Part I
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
A.
 
Directors and Senior Management
Not applicable.
B.
 
Advisers
Not applicable.
C.
 
Auditors
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS
 
AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
A.
 
Offer statistics
Not applicable.
B.
 
Method and Expected Timetable
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION
A.
 
[Reserved]
B.
 
Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not applicable.
C.
 
Reason for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
D.
 
Risk Factors
The information set forth under the heading “
Risk Factors
” in section 5.2 of chapter 5 on pages 264– 270 of the 2023 Annual
Report is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
A.
 
History and Development of the Company
Equinor ASA was incorporated on 18 September 1972, is a public limited liability company
 
organised under the laws of Norway
and is subject to the provisions of the Norwegian Public Limited Liability Companies Act. Equinor’s
 
head office is located at Forusbeen
50, 4035 Stavanger, Norway. The telephone number of its principal place of business is +47-5199-00 00.
The information set forth under the following headings of the 2023 Annual Report is incorporated
 
herein by reference:
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
10
 
Progress on our Energy transition plan in 2023 on pages 20 – 23;
 
Our History in Section 1.2 of Chapter 1 on page 11;
 
Investments in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on page 98;
 
Key events in Section 3.1 of Chapter 3 on page 125;
 
The information in the fifth paragraph under the heading “Exploration & Production Norway” in Section
 
3.1 of
Chapter 3 on page 125;
 
Key events in Section 3.2 of Chapter 3 on page 131;
 
The information in the fifth paragraph and under the sub-headings “Brazil” and “UK” under the
 
heading “Exploration
& Production International in Section 3.2 of Chapter 3 on page 130;
 
Key events 2023 in Section 3.3 of Chapter 3 on page 138;
 
Strong project pipeline in Section 3.3 of Chapter 3 on page 137;
 
Key events in Section 3.4 of Chapter 3 on page 144;
 
Overview in Section 3.5 of Chapter 3 on page 149;
 
Key events in Section 3.5 of Chapter 3 on page 150; and
 
Overview in Section 3.6 of Chapter 3 on pages 153 – 154.
The information set forth in the third and fourth paragraphs of the section entitled “
Introduction
” of this 2023 Form 20-F is also
incorporated herein by reference. See also notes 5 Segments and 6 Acquisitions and
 
disposals to the Consolidated financial
statements.
B.
 
Business Overview
The information set forth under the following headings of the 2023 Annual Report is incorporated
 
herein by reference:
 
Key figures for 2023 on page 5;
 
Key figures by segment on page 5;
 
We are Equinor in Section 1.1 of Chapter 1 on page 10;
 
Our Business in Section 1.3 of Chapter 1 on pages 12 – 14;
 
The world in which we operate in Section 1.4 of Chapter 1 on pages 15 – 16;
 
Our Strategy in Section 1.5 of Chapter 1 on pages 17 – 19;
 
The safety, sustainability,
 
and ethics committee (SSEC) in Section 1.9 of Chapter 1 on page 27;
 
Sustainability approach and Sustainability governance in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on pages 56
 
– 57;
 
Safe and secure operations,
 
excluding Major accident framework, in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on pages 62 – 69;
 
Management approach in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on pages 71 – 72;
 
Performance evaluation in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on page 76;
 
Management approach in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on page 78;
 
Performance evaluation in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on page 81;
 
Management approach in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on pages 82 – 84;
 
Performance evaluation in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on pages 88 – 89;
 
Portfolio composition under Management approach in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on pages 91 – 92;
 
Procurement and employment that enable growth and opportunities in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2
 
on page 103;
 
Performance evaluation in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on page 105;
 
Management approach in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on pages 106 – 107;
 
Performance evaluation in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on page 109;
 
Exploration & Production Norway in Section 3.1 of Chapter 3 on pages 124 – 129;
 
Exploration & Production International in Section 3.2 of Chapter 3 on pages 130 – 136;
 
Exploration & Production USA in Section 3.3 of Chapter 3 on pages 137 – 141;
 
Marketing, Midstream & Processing in Section 3.4 of Chapter 3 on pages 142 – 147
 
Renewables in Section 3.5 of Chapter 3 on pages 148 – 152; and
 
Other group in Section 3.6 of Chapter 3 on pages 153 – 155.
See also notes 5 Segments and 7 Total revenues and other income to the Consolidated financial statements.
The information about Equinor’s competitive position in the sections of the 2023 Annual
 
Report that are incorporated by
reference herein is based on several sources such as investment analyst reports, independent
 
market studies, and internal
assessments of market share based on publicly available information about the financial results
 
and performance of market players.
Applicable laws and regulations
Equinor operates in around 30 countries and is exposed and committed to compliance with numerous laws
 
and regulations
globally. The first graphic in Section 1.3 (‘Our Business’) on page 12 in Chapter 1 and the risks set forth under the heading ‘Policies
and legislation’ in Section 5.2 on page 267 of Chapter 5 of the 2023
 
Annual Report are also incorporated herein by reference.
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
11
This section gives a general description on the legal and regulatory framework in the various
 
jurisdictions where Equinor operates and
in particular in the countries of Equinor’s core activities.
Regulatory framework for upstream oil and gas operations
Currently, Equinor is subject to two main regimes applicable to petroleum activities worldwide:
 
Corporate income tax regimes; and
 
Production sharing agreements (PSAs)
Equinor is also subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations concerning its products,
 
operations and activities, including
without limitations laws and regulations relating to health, safety and environmental (HSE). Relevant laws and
 
regulations include inter
alia jurisdiction specific laws and regulations, international regulations, conventions or treaties,
 
as well as EU directives and
regulations.
Concession regimes
Under a concession regime, companies are granted licences by the government to extract petroleum. This
 
is similar to the
Norwegian system described below. Typically,
 
the licences are offered to pre-qualified companies following bidding rounds. The
criteria for the evaluation of bidding offers under these regimes can be the level of offered signature bonus (bid
 
amount), minimum
exploration programme, and local content. In exchange for those commitments, the successful bidder(s) receive
 
a right to explore,
develop and produce petroleum within a specified geographical area for a limited period of time.
 
The terms of the licences are usually
not negotiable. The fiscal regime may entitle the relevant jurisdiction to royalties, profit
 
tax or special petroleum tax.
PSA regimes
PSAs are normally awarded to the contractor parties after bidding rounds announced by the
 
government. Main bid parameters
are a minimum exploration programme and signature bonuses, allocation of profit oil and, in some
 
cases, tax.
Under a PSA, the host government typically retains the right to the hydrocarbons in place.
 
The contractor receives a share of the
production for services performed. Normally, the contractor carries the exploration and development costs and risk prior to a
commercial discovery and is then entitled to recover those costs during the production phase. The remaining
 
share of the production -
the profit share, is split between the government and the contractor according to a mechanism set
 
out in the PSA. The contractor is
usually subject to income tax on its own share of the profit oil. Fiscal provisions in
 
a PSA are to a large extent negotiable and are
unique to each PSA.
Norway
Norway is not a member of the European Union (EU) but is a member of the European
 
Free Trade Association (EFTA). The EU
and the EFTA Member States have entered into the Agreement on the European Economic Area, referred to as the EEA Agreement,
which provides for the inclusion of EU legislation in the national law of the EFTA Member States (except Switzerland). Equinor’s
business activities are subject to both the EFTA Convention and EU laws and regulations adopted pursuant to the EEA Agreement.
The principal laws governing Equinor’s petroleum activities in Norway and on the NCS
 
are the Norwegian Petroleum Act of 29
November 1996 (the Petroleum Act) and the regulations issued thereunder, and the Norwegian Petroleum Taxation Act of 13 June
1975 (the Petroleum Taxation Act).
Under the Petroleum Act, the Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (“MPE”) is responsible
 
for resource management and
for administering petroleum activities on the NCS. The main task of the MPE is to
 
ensure that petroleum activities are conducted in
accordance with the applicable legislation, the policies adopted by the Norwegian Parliament and relevant
 
decisions of the Norwegian
State.
The State’s role in relation to major policy issues in the petroleum sector can affect Equinor in two ways: first,
 
when the
Norwegian State acts in its capacity as majority owner of Equinor shares and, second, when
 
the Norwegian State acts in its capacity
as regulator:
 
The Norwegian State’s shareholding in Equinor is managed by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries. The Ministry will
normally decide how the Norwegian State will vote on proposals submitted to general meetings
 
of the shareholders. However, in
certain exceptional cases, it may be necessary for the Norwegian State to seek approval
 
from the Storting before voting on a
certain proposal. This will normally be the case if Equinor issues additional shares and such
 
issuance would significantly dilute
the Norwegian State’s holding, or if such issuance would require a capital contribution from the Norwegian State in
 
excess of
government mandates. A vote by the Norwegian State against an Equinor proposal to issue
 
additional shares would prevent
Equinor from raising additional capital in this manner and could adversely affect Equinor’s ability
 
to pursue business
opportunities. The information regarding the Norwegian State’s ownership in the information set forth under the
 
heading “Major
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
12
Shareholders” in Section 5.
1 of Chapter 5 and the risks set forth in “Ownership and action by the Norwegian State”
 
in Section 5.2
of Chapter 5 of the 2023 Annual Report are also incorporated herein by reference.
 
 
The Norwegian State exercises important regulatory powers over Equinor, as well as over other companies and corporations on
the NCS. As part of its business, Equinor or the partnerships to which Equinor is a party, frequently need to apply for licences
and other approvals from the Norwegian State. Although Equinor is majority-owned by the
 
Norwegian State, it does not receive
preferential treatment with respect to licences granted by or under any other regulatory rules enforced
 
by the Norwegian State.
The Petroleum Act sets out the principle that the Norwegian State is the owner of all
 
subsea petroleum on the NCS, that the
exclusive right to resource management is vested in the Norwegian State and that the
 
Norwegian State alone is authorised to award
licences for petroleum activities as well as determine their terms. Licensees are required to submit
 
a plan for development and
operation (PDO) to the MPE for approval. For fields of a certain size, the Storting has
 
to accept the PDO before it is formally approved
by the MPE. Equinor is dependent on the Norwegian State for approval of its NCS exploration
 
and development projects and its
applications for production rates for individual fields.
Production licences are the most important type of licence awarded under the Petroleum Act. A
 
production licence grants the
holder an exclusive right to explore for and produce petroleum within a specified geographical
 
area. The licensees become the
owners of the petroleum produced from the field covered by the licence. Production licences
 
are normally awarded for an initial
exploration period, which is typically six years, but which can be shorter. The maximum period is ten years. During this exploration
period, the licensees must meet a specified work obligation set out in the licence. If the licensees
 
fulfil the obligations set out in the
initial licence period, they are entitled to require that the licence be extended for
 
a period specified at the time when the licence is
awarded, typically 30 years.
The terms of the production licences are decided by the MPE. Production licences are
 
awarded to groups
 
of companies forming a
joint venture at the MPE’s discretion. The members of the joint venture are jointly and severally liable to
 
the Norwegian State for
obligations arising from petroleum operations carried out under the licence. The MPE decides
 
the form of the joint operating
agreements and accounting agreements. The MPE uses the same standard form of joint operating
 
agreement and accounting
agreement for all licenses.
The governing body of the joint venture is the management committee. In licences awarded
 
since 1996 where the State’s direct
financial interest (SDFI) holds an interest, the Norwegian State, acting through Petoro AS, may veto
 
decisions made by the joint
venture management committee, which, in the opinion of the Norwegian State, would not be in compliance
 
with the obligations set
forth in the licence with respect to the Norwegian State’s exploitation policies or financial interests. This
 
power of veto has never been
used.
Interests in production licences may be transferred directly or indirectly subject to the consent
 
of the MPE and the approval of the
tax treatment by the Ministry of Finance. In most licences, there are no pre-emption rights in favour
 
of the other licensees. However,
the SDFI, or the Norwegian State, as appropriate, still hold pre-emption rights in all licences.
The day-to-day management of a field is the responsibility of an operator appointed by the MPE.
 
The operator is in practice
always a member of the joint venture holding the production licence, although this is
 
not legally required. The terms of engagement of
the operator are set out in the joint operating agreement.
If important public interests are at stake, the Norwegian State may instruct the operators
 
on the NCS to reduce the production of
petroleum. An example of this occurred in May 2020, when the Norwegian State imposed
 
a reduction in oil production for the rest of
the year, due to the Covid-19 pandemic that led to a lower demand for oil and gas. The reduction in production was
 
distributed
between all fields on a pro rata basis.
A licence from the MPE is also required in order to establish facilities for the transportation
 
and utilisation of petroleum.
Ownership of most facilities for the transportation and utilisation of petroleum in Norway
 
and on the NCS is organised in the form of
joint ventures. The participants’ agreements are similar to joint operating agreements for production.
Licensees are required to prepare a decommissioning plan before a production licence or a licence
 
to establish and use facilities
for the transportation and utilisation of petroleum expires or is relinquished, or the use of a
 
facility ceases. On the basis of the
decommissioning plan, the MPE makes a decision as to the disposal of the facilities.
The information regarding Equinor’s activities and shares in Equinor’s production
 
licences on the NCS, set forth under the
heading ‘Exploration & Production Norway’ in Section 3.1 of Chapter 3 of the 2023
 
Annual Report is incorporated herein by reference.
On 1 July 2022, the MPE decided that parts of the Norwegian Security Act would
 
apply to Equinor. This enables Equinor to
receive and handle classified information from the authorities. In 2023, the MTIF and the MPE notified that
 
the Security Act will apply
in its entirety to Equinor as an undertaking controlling infrastructure and engaging in
 
activities which are of vital importance to
fundamental national functions. The Security Act entered into force 1 January 2019 and is designed
 
to protect national security
interests. The National Security Authority supervises undertakings which are covered
 
by the act.
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
13
Gas sales and transportation from the NCS
Equinor markets gas from the NCS on its own behalf and on the Norwegian State’s behalf. Dry
 
gas is mainly transported through
the Norwegian gas transport system (Gassled) to customers in the UK and mainland Europe,
 
while liquified natural gas is transported
by vessels to worldwide destinations.
The Norwegian gas transport system, consisting of the pipelines and terminals through which
 
licensees on the NCS transport
their gas, is owned by a joint venture called Gassled. The Norwegian Petroleum Act
 
of 29 November 1996 and the pertaining
Petroleum Regulation establish the basis for non- discriminatory third-party access to the Gassled transport
 
system.
The tariffs for the use of capacity in the transport system are determined by applying a formula set out in
 
separate tariff
regulations stipulated by the MPE. The tariffs are paid for booked capacity rather than the
 
volumes actually transported.
The information set forth under the heading ‘
Marketing, Midstream & Processing
’ in Section 3.4 of Chapter 3 of the 2023 Annual
Report is also incorporated herein by reference.
The Norwegian State's participation
In 1985, the Norwegian State established the State’s direct financial interest (SDFI) through which the Norwegian
 
State has direct
participating interests in licences and petroleum facilities on the NCS. As a result, the Norwegian
 
State holds interests in a number of
licences and petroleum facilities in which Equinor also holds interests. Petoro AS, a company wholly
 
owned by the Norwegian State,
was formed in 2001 to manage the SDFI assets.
The Norwegian State has a coordinated ownership strategy aimed at maximising the aggregate value
 
of its ownership interests in
Equinor and the Norwegian State’s oil and gas. This is reflected in the Owner’s Instruction described
 
below, which contains a general
requirement that, Equinor, in its activities on the NCS, take account of these ownership interests in decisions that may affect the
execution of this marketing arrangement.
SDFI oil and gas marketing and sale
Equinor markets and sells the Norwegian State’s oil and gas together with Equinor’s
 
own production. The arrangement has been
implemented by the Norwegian State through a separate instruction (the Owner’s
 
Instruction) adopted by an extraordinary
shareholder meeting in 2001, with the Norwegian State as sole shareholder at the time.
 
The Owner’s Instruction sets out the specific
terms for the marketing and sale of the Norwegian State’s oil and gas.
Equinor is obliged under the Owner’s Instruction to jointly market and sell the Norwegian
 
State’s oil and gas as well as Equinor’s
own oil and gas. The overall objective of the marketing arrangement is to obtain the highest
 
possible total value for Equinor’s oil and
gas and the Norwegian State’s oil and gas, and to ensure an equitable distribution of the total value creation
 
between the Norwegian
State and Equinor.
The Norwegian State may at any time utilise its position as majority shareholder of Equinor
 
to withdraw or amend the Owner’s
Instruction.
US
Petroleum activities in the US are extensively regulated by multiple agencies in the US
 
federal government, and by tribal, state
and local regulation. The US government directly regulates development of hydrocarbons
 
on federal lands, in the US Gulf of Mexico,
and in other offshore areas. Different federal agencies directly regulate portions of the industry, and other general regulations related
to environmental, safety, and physical controls apply to all aspects of the industry. In addition to regulation by the US federal
government, any activities on US tribal lands (indigenous persons’ semi-sovereign territory)
 
are regulated by governments and
agencies in those areas. Significantly for Equinor’s US onshore interests, each
 
individual state has its own regulations of all aspects of
hydrocarbon development within its borders. A recent trend also includes local municipalities
 
adopting their own hydrocarbon
regulations.
In the US, hydrocarbon interests are considered a private property right. In areas owned by the US
 
government, that means that
the government owns the minerals in its capacity as landowner. The federal government, and each tribal and state government,
establishes the terms of its own leases, including the length of time of the lease,
 
the royalty rate, and other terms.
The vast majority of onshore minerals, including hydrocarbons, in every US state in which Equinor
 
has onshore interests, belong
to private individuals.
In order to explore for or develop hydrocarbons, a company must enter into a lease agreement with the
 
applicable governmental
agency for federal, state or tribal land, and for private lands, with each owner of the minerals the
 
company wishes to develop. In each
lease, the lessor retains a royalty interest in the production (if any) from the leased area. The lessee
 
owns a working interest and has
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
14
the right to explore and produce oil and gas. The lessee incurs all the costs and liabilities
 
but will share only the portion of the revenue
that is net of costs and expenses and not reserved to the lessor through its royalty interest.
Leases typically have a primary term for a specified number of years (from one to ten years)
 
and a conditional secondary term
that is tied to the production life of the properties. If oil and gas is being produced in
 
paying quantities at the end of the primary term,
or the operator satisfies other obligations specified in the agreement, the lease typically continues beyond
 
the primary term (Held by
Production). Leases typically involve paying the lessor both a signing bonus based on the number
 
of leased acres and a royalty
payment based on the production.
Each US state has its own agencies that regulate the development, exploration, and production
 
of oil and gas activities. These
state agencies issue drilling permits and control pipeline transportation within state boundaries. The state
 
agencies particularly
relevant to Equinor’s US onshore activities include: (a) Pennsylvania Department
 
of Environmental Protection’s Office of Oil and Gas
Management, (b) Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil and Gas, and (c) West Virginia Department of
 
Environmental
Protection. In addition, some state utility departments handle pipeline transportation within state
 
boundaries, and each state also has
its own department regulating environmental, health, and safety issues arising from oil and gas
 
operations.
Brazil
In Brazil, licences are mainly awarded according to a concession regime or a production sharing
 
regime (the latter specifically for
areas within the pre-salt polygon area or strategic areas) by the Federal Government. All state-owned
 
and private oil companies may
participate in the bidding rounds provided they follow the bidding rules and meet the qualification
 
criteria. The tender protocol issued
for each bidding round contains the draft of the concession agreement or the production sharing
 
agreement that the winners must
adhere to without the possibility of negotiating its terms, i.e., all the agreements signed
 
under a certain bidding round contain the
same general provisions and only differ in the particular items presented in the offers. There is no restriction on foreign
 
participation,
provided that the foreign investor incorporates a company under the Brazilian law for signing the
 
agreement and complies with the
requirements established by the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels
 
(ANP).
The current criteria for the evaluation of bidding offers under the concession regime are: (a) signature bonus;
 
and (b) minimum
exploration program. However, in past bidding rounds the participants also had to offer a local content percentage as a firm
commitment. Companies can bid individually or in consortium always observing the qualification
 
criteria for operator and non-
operators.
The concession agreements are signed by ANP on behalf of the Federal Government. Generally, concessions are granted for a
total period of 35 years and typically the exploration phase lasts from two to eight
 
years, while the production phase may last 27 years
from the declaration of commerciality. Concessionaires are entitled to request the extension of each of these phases, subject to ANP
approval.
In bidding rounds involving the production sharing regime, the law grants to the Brazilian
 
government-controlled company
Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. – Petrobras, a right of preference to be the sole operator in the pre-salt
 
fields, with a minimum 30% of
participating interest. If this right is exercised, Petrobras may still participate in the bidding round
 
and present offers for the remaining
70% under the same conditions applicable to other participants. Likewise, in the concession bidding rounds,
 
companies may bid
individually or together with other companies. The winners are required to form a consortium with
 
Pre-Sal Petroleo S.A. (PPSA), a
Brazilian state-owned company, which is responsible for managing the production sharing agreement and selling the production
allocated to the Government under the profit oil. PPSA appoints 50% of the members
 
of the operating committee, including the
chairperson, in addition to certain veto rights and casting vote.
The current criteria for the evaluation of bidding offers under the production sharing regime is the offered percentage of profit oil.
The winner will be the company which offers the highest percentage to the government in accordance with the technical
 
and
economic parameters established for each block in the tender documents under a certain bidding
 
round.
Production sharing contracts are signed by the Ministry of Mines and Energy on behalf of the
 
Federal Government. Generally, the
contracts are valid for a period of 35 years which, by law, cannot be extended. Of the two phases of the contract – exploration and
production – the exploration phase may be extended provided that the total period of the contract
 
remains as 35 years.
In order to perform the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas reserves, companies
 
must obtain an environmental license
granted by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA),
 
which, together with ANP, is
responsible for the safety and environmental regulations regarding upstream activities.
HSE regulation relevant for the Norwegian upstream oil and gas activities in Norway
Equinor’s oil and gas operations in Norway must be conducted in compliance with
 
a reasonable standard of care, taking into
consideration the safety of workers, the environment and the economic values of installations
 
and vessels. The Petroleum Act
specifically requires that petroleum operations are carried out in such a manner that a high level of safety
 
is maintained and
developed in step with technological developments. Equinor is also required at all times to
 
have a plan to deal with emergency
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
15
situations in Equinor’s petroleum operations. During an emergency, the Norwegian Ministry of Labour and Social Inclusion/Norwegian
Ministry of Transport/Norwegian Coastal Administration may decide that other parties should provide the necessary resources, or
otherwise adopt measures to obtain the necessary resources, to deal with the emergency for
 
the licensees’ account.
Liability for pollution damage
The Norwegian Petroleum Act imposes strict liability for pollution damage regardless of fault. Accordingly, as a holder of licences
on the NCS, Equinor is subject to statutory strict liability under the Petroleum Act as a result
 
of pollution caused by spills or discharges
of petroleum from petroleum facilities in any of Equinor’s licences.
A claim against the license holders for compensation relating to pollution damage shall initially
 
be directed to the operator, which
in accordance with the terms of the joint operating agreement, will distribute the claim
 
to the other licensees in accordance with their
participating interest in the licences.
Discharge permits
Emissions and discharges from Norwegian petroleum activities are regulated through several acts,
 
including the Petroleum Act,
the CO
2
 
Tax Act, the Sales Tax
 
Act, the Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Act and the Pollution Control Act. Discharge of oil and
chemicals in relation to exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas
 
are regulated under the Pollution Control Act.
In accordance with the provisions of this Act, an operator must apply for a discharge permit from
 
relevant authorities on behalf of the
licence group in order to discharge any pollutants into water. Further, the Petroleum Act states that burning of gas in flares beyond
what is necessary for safety reasons to ensure normal operations is not permitted without approval
 
from the MPE. All operators on the
NCS have an obligation to, and are responsible, for establishing sufficient procedures for the monitoring and
 
reporting of any
discharge into the sea. The Norwegian Environment Agency, the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate and the Norwegian Oil Industry
Association have established a joint database for reporting emissions to air and discharges
 
to sea from the petroleum activities, the
Environmental Web (EW). All operators on the NCS report emission and discharge data directly into the database.
Regulations on reduction of carbon emissions and CO
2
 
storage
Equinor’s operations in Norway are subject to emissions taxes as well as emissions
 
allowances granted for Equinor’s larger
European operations under the emissions trading scheme. The agreed strengthening of the EU’s
 
emission trading scheme is
expected to affect energy and industry installations, which include Equinor’s installations at the NCS.
 
The price of emissions
allowances has increased significantly since the reforms to the EU Emission Trading Scheme in 2018 and is expected to increase
further towards 2030.
The Norwegian Climate Act promotes the implementation of Norway's climate targets as
 
part of the transition to a low-emission
society in Norway in 2050. This act may influence our activities through plans and actions
 
implemented by the state to achieve these
targets. Norway has presented a Climate Plan 2021-2030 with an updated target of 55% reduction
 
in GHG emissions in 2030
compared to 1990- levels. The Climate Plan states that the carbon cost for offshore oil and gas production in Norway
 
is expected to
increase to 2000 NOK/t CO2 towards 2030.
EU directive 2009/31/EC on the geological storage of CO2 is implemented in the Pollution Control
 
regulations, the regulations
related to the Petroleum Act and in a separate Storage regulation adopted under the 1963 Act
 
relating to scientific research and
exploration for and exploitation of subsea natural resources other than petroleum resources. The CO2 capture
 
and storage at
Equinor’s Sleipner and Snøhvit fields are governed by the Petroleum Act
 
and the Pollution Control regulations, and the CO2 storage
at Northern Lights JV DA and Smeaheia projects are governed by the Storage regulations
 
and the Pollution Control regulations.
HSE regulation of upstream oil and gas activities in the US
Equinor’s upstream activities in the US are heavily regulated at multiple levels, including
 
federal, state, and local municipal
regulation. Equinor is subject to those regulations as a part of its activities in the US
 
onshore (including Equinor’s assets in Ohio,
Pennsylvania and West Virginia), and in the US Gulf of Mexico.
The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 is an umbrella procedural statute that requires
 
federal agencies to consider the
environmental impacts of their actions. Several substantive US federal statutes specifically cover
 
certain potential environmental
effects of hydrocarbon extraction activities. Those include: the Clean Air Act, which regulates air quality
 
and emissions; the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act (commonly known as the Clean Water Act), which regulates water quality and discharges; the Safe
Drinking Water Act, which establishes drinking water standards for tap water and underground injection rules; the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, which regulates hazardous and solid waste management;
 
the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, which addresses remediation of legacy
 
disposal sites and release reporting; and
the Oil Pollution Act, which provides for oil spill prevention and response.
Other US federal statutes are resource-specific. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 protects
 
listed endangered and threatened
species and critical habitat. Other statutes protect certain species, including the Migratory Bird
 
Treaty Act, the Bald and Golden Eagle
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
16
Protection Act and the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. Other statutes govern natural resource
 
planning and development on
federal lands onshore and on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS), including: the Mineral
 
Leasing Act; the Outer Continental Shelf
Lands Act; the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976; the Mining Law
 
of 1872; the National Forest Management Act of
1976; the National Park Service Organic Act; the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act; the National Wildlife
 
Refuge System Administration Act
of 1966; the Rivers and Harbors Appropriation Act; and the Coastal Zone Management
 
Act of 1972.
The federal government regulates offshore exploration and production for the OCS, which extends from the
 
edge of state waters
(either 3 or 9 nautical miles from the coast, depending on the state) out to the edge
 
of national jurisdiction, 200 nautical miles from
shore. The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) manages federal OCS leasing
 
programs, conducts resource assessments,
and licences seismic surveys. The Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE)
 
regulates all OCS oil and gas drilling
and production. The Office of Natural Resources Revenue (ONRR) collects and disburses rents
 
and royalties from offshore and
onshore federal and Native American lands.
Additional federal statutes cover certain products or wastes, and focus on human health and
 
safety: the Toxic Substances
Control Act regulates new and existing chemicals and products that contain these chemicals;
 
the Hazardous Materials Transportation
Act regulates transportation of hazardous materials; the Occupational Safety and Health Act of
 
1970 regulates hazards in the
workplace; the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 provides emergency
 
planning and notification for
hazardous and toxic chemicals.
The federal and state governments share authority to administer some federal environmental programs
 
(e.g., the Clean Air Act
and Clean Water Act). States also have their own, sometimes more stringent, environmental laws. Counties, cities and other local
government entities may have their own requirements as well.
Equinor continually monitors regulatory and legislative changes at all levels and engages in the
 
stakeholder process through
trade associations and direct comments to suggested regulatory and legislative regimes, to ensure
 
that its operations remain in
compliance with all applicable laws and regulations. In particular, BSEE drilling and production regulations were extensively revised in
response to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon blowout and oil spill. The revised regulatory regime
 
includes requirements for enhanced well
design, improved blowout preventer design, testing and maintenance, and an increased number
 
of trained inspectors. The Biden
Administration continues to review and revise these regulations, and Equinor is engaged with
 
relevant governmental and industry
stakeholders to ensure that Equinor’s operations remain in compliance.
HSE regulation of upstream oil and gas activities in Brazil
Equinor’s oil and gas operations in Brazil must be conducted in compliance with
 
a reasonable standard of care, taking into
consideration the safety and health of workers and the environment. The Brazilian Petroleum Law
 
(Law No. 9,478/97) describes the
government’s policy objectives for the rational use of the country’s energy resources, including the protection of the environment. In
addition to the Brazilian Petroleum Law, Equinor is also subject to many other laws and regulations issued by different authorities,
including ANP, IBAMA, Federal Environmental Council (CONAMA) and Brazilian Navy. All those authorities have the power to impose
fines in case of non-compliance with the respective rules. The concession and production
 
sharing contracts also impose obligations
on operators and consortium members, who are jointly and severally liable. They must, at their
 
own account and risk, assume and
fully respond to all losses and damages caused directly or indirectly by the applicable consortium’s operations and their performance,
irrespective of fault, to the ANP, the Federal Government and third parties, without prejudice to any recourse rights which may have
been agreed separately among the consortium members (such as in a joint operating agreement).
The exploration, drilling and production of oil and gas depend on environmental licences which
 
define the conditions for the
implementation of the project and compliance measures to mitigate and control environment impact. Equinor
 
is subject to fines and
even licence suspension and/or cancellation in case of non-compliance with such conditions.
In Brazil, Equinor is also required to have an emergency response system as per ANP Resolution
 
No. 882/2022 to deal with
emergency situations in its petroleum operations, as well as an oil spill response plan in accordance
 
to CONAMA Resolution No.
398/2008, for each asset to minimise the environmental impact of any environmental
 
unexpected situation that may generate spill of
oil or chemical to sea.
Discharge permits
Discharges from Brazilian petroleum activities are regulated through several acts, including the CONAMA
 
Resolution No.
393/2007 for produced water, CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005 and CONAMA Resolution No. 430/2011 for effluents (sewage, etc)
and IBAMA technical instructions for drilling waste. According to Environmental Ministry Ordinance
 
No. 422/2011, the discharge of
chemicals in connection with exploration, development and production of oil and natural gas is
 
assessed as part of the environmental
permitting process and the operator must apply for any discharge permit from relevant authorities
 
on behalf of the license group in
order to discharge any pollutants into the water.
Regulations on reduction of carbon emissions
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
17
Although Equinor’s operations in Brazil are not subject to emissions taxes (CO
2
 
limit) yet, there are initiatives within the Brazilian
congress for the establishment of a carbon market. At this point it is unclear if and when these initiatives
 
will be turned into law.
The CONAMA Regulation No. 382/06 regulates air emissions limits for pollutant gases (e.g. NOx) from
 
all fixed sources that have
total power consumption higher than 100MW.
Gas flares must be authorised by the ANP under ANP Resolution No. 806/2020, which
 
also sets out cases in which ANP
authorisation is not necessary.
The Brazilian government signed the Paris Agreement in 2015. During COP26, Brazil updated
 
its ambition to reduce its
greenhouse gas emissions by 37% until 2025 and 50% until 2030, compared to 2005 levels. Because
 
of the desire to boost the
economy and an expected growing energy demand, the focus on emissions reduction is
 
on improved control of forests and land use
and for that Brazil continue to adhere to the Forest for Deal agreement, committing
 
to take actions to reduce illegal deforestation until
2030. The country also adheres to the Global Methane Pledge.
Regulatory framework for renewable energy operations
Equinor’s renewables positions currently mainly consist of offshore wind farms in operation and
 
development in the UK, the state
of New York and Poland. In these jurisdictions the legislation is structured around a lease where permission to develop is granted
following a series of approvals relating largely to environmental and social impact assessments. The government
 
separately auctions
a subsidized power purchase price either through renewable offtake certificates or contracts for difference. In both cases, Equinor
 
and
its partners take the risk for developing, constructing and operating the wind farms within a
 
fixed timeframe.
Other
Equinor entered into agreements with the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), namely, a Development Service Contract for
South Pars Gas Phases 6, 7 & 8 (offshore part), an Exploration Service Contract for the Anaran
 
Block and an Exploration Service
Contract for the Khorramabad Block, which are located in Iran. Equinor’s operational
 
obligations under these agreements have
terminated and the licences have been abandoned. The cost recovery programme for these contracts
 
was completed in 2012, except
for the recovery of tax and obligations to the Social Security Organization (SSO). From 2013
 
to November 2018, after closing
Equinor’s office in Iran, Equinor’s activity was focused on a final settlement with
 
the Iranian tax and SSO authorities relating to the
above-mentioned agreements.
In a letter from the US State Department of 1 November 2010, Equinor was informed
 
that it was not considered to be a company
of concern based on its previous Iran-related activities.
Equinor has an intention to settle historic obligations in Iran while remaining compliant with
 
applicable sanctions and trade
restrictions against Iran. Since November 2018 Equinor has not conducted any activity
 
in Iran, nor has it been able to resolve
 
tax
claims from the Iranian authorities.
No payments were made to Iranian authorities during 2023.
Taxation of Equinor
Norway
Equinor’s profits, both from offshore oil and natural gas activities and from onshore activities, are
 
subject to Norwegian corporate
income tax. In addition, a special petroleum tax is levied on profits from petroleum production
 
and pipeline transportation on the NCS.
In June 2022 the parliament enacted a cash-flow based tax system for the special petroleum tax
 
with effect from 1 January 2022.
After the reform, the Norwegian petroleum income is taxable at a tax rate of 71.8% after deducting
 
a calculated 22% corporate tax.
The corporate tax is deductible in the basis for the special petroleum tax, resulting in a 78%
 
marginal tax rate. For further information,
see note 11 Income taxes to the Consolidated financial statements.
Investment costs in the ordinary tax base (22%) will continue to be depreciated over six years.
 
In the special tax base,
investments are written off immediately in line with the cash-flow based tax system. Projects covered by the temporary rules
introduced in 2020 have had a tax uplift of 12.4% in 2023. The temporary rules apply to investments covered
 
by field or infrastructure
plans (PDOs and PIOs) submitted to the MPE after 12 May 2020 and before 1 January
 
2023 and approved before 1 January 2024.
The temporary rules will continue to apply until (and including) the year of planned production or project start-up
 
according to the
approved plans.
Equinor’s international petroleum activities are subject to tax pursuant to local legislation.
US
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
18
Equinor’s operations in the US are subject generally to corporate income, severance
 
and production, ad valorem and transaction
taxes levied by the federal, state and local tax authorities, and to royalties payable to federal,
 
state and local authorities and, in some
cases, private landowners. The federal corporate income tax rate in the US is 21%, and there is an alternative 15% minimum
 
tax on
corporate book income for corporations with profits over USD 1 billion. US companies are also subject
 
to the Base Anti-abuse Tax
(“BEAT”) which imposes tax at 10% until 2026 and 12.5% thereafter on payments to foreign affiliates of US companies if those
payments exceed a given threshold of total tax-deductible expenditures.
Brazil
Corporate income tax and social contribution are levied on taxable net income at a combined rate
 
of 34%. A simplified tax regime
with a lower effective tax rate is available for legal entities with gross revenues below a threshold of 78 million
 
Brazilian reais per year.
In addition, there are several indirect taxes, but indirect tax rate on exports is set to zero.
The concessionary tax regime in Brazil usually includes government takes such as a 10% royalty, and special participation tax
that varies based on time, location and production between 10% and 40%, using a reference
 
price that is established by the Brazilian
petroleum regulator (ANP). The Production Sharing Regime in Brazil usually includes a 15%
 
royalty, an annual 80% cost recovery
ceiling, and a biddable government profit share.
In December 2023, the Brazilian Congress approved wide-ranging tax legislation which
 
aims to simplify the indirect tax system
through the introduction of a multi-tiered value added tax (VAT) system, whereby VAT
 
would be levied with a federal rate and a state
and/or municipality rate.
 
The states or municipalities would individually set their respective rates and administer
 
the tax for the local
element of the VAT.
 
The VAT
 
will be phased into effect over the next seven years. The new law also includes an excise tax on the
extraction, sale or commercialization of goods and services with a “harmful effect on health or environment”
 
of up to 1% of the market
value of extracted production.
 
The specific rate of the excise tax will be set with a complimentary law which must
 
be passed within six
months of the enactment, and so is expected by the end of June 2024.
 
This excise tax would increase operating costs for Equinor in
Brazil.
The new tax law in Brazil also seeks to preserve suspensions or exemptions from certain indirect
 
taxes for importation of capital
goods into Brazil. The details of these tax incentives will be contained in the Complimentary
 
Law described above.
Finally, there is a proposal package for direct taxes as well, which would reduce the corporate tax rate, while also introducing a
withholding tax on dividends paid by Brazilian incorporated entities. The direct tax legislation
 
is expected to be considered by the
Brazilian Congress later in 2024.
UK
The UK government introduced a 25% Energy Profits Levy (EPL) in May 2022, which was
 
increased to 35% from January 2023.
The levy is charged on profits from oil and gas operations in the UK or on the UK
 
Continental Shelf and is in addition to existing profit-
based taxes on the sector. The EPL increased the rate of tax on oil and gas company profits to 75% from January 2023.
In addition, the UK government also introduced the Electricity Generator Levy (EGL) which
 
took effect from 1 January 2023. The
EGL imposes a tax of 45% on exceptional receipts generated from the production
 
of wholesale electricity which is sold at an average
price in excess of £75 per MWh.
Both the EPL and EGL are scheduled to expire on 31 March 2028.
Disclosures regarding oil and gas operations
The 2023 Oil and Gas Reserves Report is incorporated herein by reference. See
 
also notes 5 Segments and 7 Total revenues
and other income to the Consolidated financial statements.
The information set forth under the headings “Operational data”, “Sales prices”
 
and “Sales volumes” in Section 2.1 of Chapter 2
on pages 47 – 49 and “Proved oil and gas reserves” in Section 2.1 of Chapter 2 on pages 50
 
– 54 of the 2023 Annual Report is also
incorporated herein by reference.
Supplementary oil and gas information pursuant to FASB Topic 932
The following information is reported pursuant to FASB Topic 932.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
19
Capitalised cost related to oil and gas producing
 
activities
Consolidated companies
At 31 December
(in USD million)
2023
2022
2021
Unproved properties
5,022
5,917
7,077
Proved properties, wells, plants and other equipment
183,316
181,189
193,918
Total capitalised cost
188,338
187,106
200,994
Accumulated depreciation, impairment and amortisation
(132,902)
(133,584)
(139,890)
Net capitalised cost
55,436
53,523
61,104
Net capitalised cost related to equity accounted investments as of 31 December 2023 was USD
 
0 million, USD 463 million in 2022
and USD 900 million in 2021. The reported figures are based on capitalised costs within the
 
upstream segments in Equinor, in line
with the description below for result of operations for oil and gas producing activities.
Expenditures incurred in oil and gas property acquisition,
 
exploration and development activities
These expenditures include both amounts capitalised
 
and expensed.
Consolidated companies
(in USD million)
Norway
Eurasia
excluding
Norway
Africa
USA
Americas
excluding
USA
Total
Full year 2023
Exploration expenditures
662
16
35
310
253
1,276
Development costs
4,864
470
509
1,084
1,279
8,206
Acquired proved properties
0
1,271
0
0
0
1,271
Acquired unproved properties
352
5
0
6
18
381
Total
5,878
1,762
544
1,400
1,550
11,134
Full year 2022
Exploration expenditures
494
27
57
150
360
1,088
Development costs
4,483
320
379
712
965
6,859
Acquired proved properties
110
226
38
0
0
374
Acquired unproved properties
6
0
0
0
0
6
Total
5,093
573
474
862
1,325
8,327
Full year 2021
Exploration expenditures
522
61
5
139
299
1,026
Development costs
4,732
322
256
605
977
6,892
Acquired proved properties
3
5
0
0
0
8
Acquired unproved properties
6
9
1
24
(3)
37
Total
5,263
397
262
768
1,273
7,963
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
20
Expenditures incurred in exploration and development activities related to equity accounted investments was USD
 
0 million in 2023,
USD 155 million in 2022 and USD 233 million in 2021.
Results of operation for oil and gas producing activities
As required by Topic 932, the revenues and expenses included in the following table reflect only those relating to the oil and gas
producing operations of Equinor.
The results of operations for oil and gas producing activities are included in the three upstream reporting segments
 
Exploration &
Production Norway (E&P Norway), Exploration & Production International (E&P International) and Exploration
 
& Production USA (E&P
USA) as presented in note 5 Segments
to the Consolidated financial statements. Production cost is based on operating
 
expenses
related to production of oil and gas. From the operating expenses certain expenses such
 
as; transportation costs, accruals for
over/underlift position and royalty payments costs are excluded. These expenses and mainly upstream business administration
 
are
included as other expenses in the tables below. Other revenues mainly consist of gains and losses from sales of oil and gas interests
and gains and losses from commodity-based derivatives within the upstream segments.
Income tax expense is calculated on the basis of statutory tax rates adjusted for uplift and tax
 
credits. No deductions are made for
interest or other elements not included in the table below.
Consolidated companies
(in USD million)
Norway
Eurasia
excluding
Norway
Africa
USA
Americas
excluding
USA
Total
Full year 2023
Sales
62
107
533
127
92
921
Transfers
37,892
1,121
2,242
3,954
2,646
47,855
Other revenues
387
129
57
238
76
887
Total revenues
38,341
1,357
2,832
4,319
2,814
49,663
Exploration expenses
(476)
(20)
(37)
(322)
30
(825)
Production costs
(2,898)
(250)
(482)
(494)
(593)
(4,717)
Depreciation, amortisation and net impairment losses
(5,017)
(840)
(567)
(1,489)
(1,026)
(8,939)
Other expenses
(862)
(456)
19
(691)
(446)
(2,436)
Total costs
(9,253)
(1,566)
(1,067)
(2,996)
(2,035)
(16,917)
Results of operations before tax
29,088
(209)
1,765
1,323
779
32,746
Tax expense
(22,543)
34
(961)
(358)
(106)
(23,934)
Results of operations
6,545
(175)
804
965
673
8,812
Net income/(loss) from equity accounted investments
0
(13)
0
0
41
28
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
21
Consolidated companies
(in USD million)
Norway
Eurasia
excluding
Norway
Africa
USA
Americas
excluding
USA
Total
Full year 2022
Sales
155
554
615
166
88
1,578
Transfers
74,468
1,252
3,019
5,168
1,853
85,760
Other revenues
1,308
(203)
(1)
213
57
1,374
Total revenues
75,931
1,603
3,633
5,547
1,998
88,712
Exploration expenses
(366)
(249)
(69)
(220)
(320)
(1,224)
Production costs
(2,916)
(202)
(470)
(399)
(518)
(4,505)
Depreciation, amortisation and net impairment losses
(4,167)
(623)
(530)
(361)
(579)
(6,260)
Other expenses
(866)
(201)
3
(533)
(413)
(2,010)
Total costs
(8,315)
(1,275)
(1,066)
(1,513)
(1,830)
(13,999)
Results of operations before tax
67,616
328
2,567
4,034
168
74,713
Tax expense
(52,070)
(152)
(1,043)
2,458
361
(50,447)
Results of operations
15,546
176
1,524
6,492
529
24,266
Net income/(loss) from equity accounted investments
0
52
0
0
120
172
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
22
Consolidated companies
(in USD million)
Norway
Eurasia
excluding
Norway
Africa
USA
Americas
excluding
USA
Total
Full year 2021
Sales
97
476
638
207
16
1,434
Transfers
38,578
960
2,021
3,712
1,249
46,520
Other revenues
711
(14)
0
221
14
932
Total revenues
39,386
1,422
2,659
4,140
1,279
48,886
Exploration expenses
(363)
(108)
23
(211)
(362)
(1,021)
Production costs
(2,600)
(196)
(497)
(397)
(378)
(4,068)
Depreciation, amortisation and net impairment losses
(4,900)
(2,462)
(444)
(1,734)
(416)
(9,956)
Other expenses
(1,052)
(140)
53
(674)
(292)
(2,105)
Total costs
(8,915)
(2,906)
(865)
(3,016)
(1,448)
(17,150)
Results of operations before tax
30,471
(1,484)
1,794
1,124
(169)
31,736
Tax expense
(22,887)
835
(652)
(14)
(201)
(22,919)
Results of operations
7,585
(649)
1,142
1,110
(370)
8,817
Net income/(loss) from equity accounted investments
0
176
0
0
39
215
Average production cost in USD per boe
 
based on entitlement
volumes (consolidated)
Norway
Eurasia
excluding
Norway
Africa
USA
Americas
excluding
USA
Total
2023
6
16
12
4
15
7
2022
6
13
12
4
21
7
2021
5
11
12
3
19
6
Production cost per boe is calculated as the production costs in the result of operations table, divided
 
by the produced entitlement
volumes (mboe) for the corresponding period.
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
23
C.
 
Organizational Structure
Exhibit 8 to this 2023 Form 20-F is incorporated herein by reference. The table within Exhibit
 
8 shows significant subsidiaries and
significant equity accounted companies within the Equinor group as of 31 December 2023.
D.
 
Property, Plant and Equipment
Equinor has interests in real estate in many countries throughout the world,
 
including as part of certain developments and
projects of Equinor or in which Equinor participates.
Equinor’s three largest office buildings are (i) its head office located at Forusbeen 50, Stavanger, Norway which comprises
approximately 135,000 square meters of office space, (ii) its office building in Sandslivegen 90, Bergen, Norway which comprises
approximately 99,488 square meters of office space, and (iii) its office building located at Fornebu on the outskirts of Oslo which
comprises approximately 65,500 square meters. All three office buildings are leased by Equinor. Under a new lease agreement
entered into in 2022 for the office building at Fornebu, Equinor has reduced its area to 44,500 square
 
meters with effect from around
the start of year 2024. The office building in Bergen is owned by Sandsliveien 90 AS, a subsidiary
 
of Equinor Pensjon.
The information set forth under the following headings of the 2023 Annual Report is incorporated herein
 
by reference:
 
Investments in Section 2.2 of Chapter 2 on page 98;
 
Exploration & Production Norway in Section 3.1 of Chapter 3 on pages 124 – 129;
 
Exploration & Production International in Section 3.2 of Chapter 3 on pages 130 – 136;
 
Exploration & Production USA in Section 3.3 of Chapter 3 on pages 137 – 141;
 
Marketing, Midstream & Processing in Section 3.4 of Chapter 3 on pages 142 – 147;
 
and
 
Renewables in Section 3.5 of Chapter 3 on pages 148 – 152.
See also notes 12 Property, plant and equipment and 25 Leases to the Consolidated financial statements.
Production per field
The following tables show the regional production by field.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
24
E&P Norway - Equinor operated fields, average daily
 
entitlement production
Geographical area
Equinor's equity
interest in %
On
stream
 
Licence expiry
date
Average
production in
2023 mboe/day
Field
Johan Sverdrup
The North Sea
42.63
2019
2036-2037
319
Troll Phase 1 (Gas)
The North Sea
30.58
1996
2030
198
Oseberg
 
The North Sea
49.30
1988
2031
94
Gullfaks
The North Sea
51.00
1986
2036
76
Visund
The North Sea
53.20
1999
2034
66
Aasta Hansteen
The Norwegian Sea
51.00
2018
2041
59
Åsgard
The Norwegian Sea
35.01
1)
1999
2027
44
Snøhvit
The Barents Sea
36.79
2007
2035
44
Tyrihans
The Norwegian Sea
58.84
2009
2029
43
Snorre
 
The North Sea
33.28
1992
2040
32
Gina Krog
The North Sea
58.70
2017
2032
31
Martin Linge
The North Sea
51.00
2021
2027
29
Kvitebjørn
The North Sea
39.55
2004
2031
23
Statfjord Unit
The North Sea
64.10
2)
1979
2026
21
Sleipner West
The North Sea
58.35
1996
2028
20
Fram
 
The North Sea
45.00
2003
2040
16
Grane
The North Sea
36.61
2003
2030
16
Gudrun
The North Sea
36.00
2014
2032
15
Troll Phase 2 (Oil)
The North Sea
30.58
1995
2030
13
Mikkel
 
The Norwegian Sea
43.97
2003
2028
11
Heidrun
 
The Norwegian Sea
13.04
1995
2024-2025
10
Tordis
The North Sea
41.50
1994
2040
8
Alve
The Norwegian Sea
53.00
2009
2029
8
Trestakk
The Norwegian Sea
59.10
2019
2029
8
Vigdis
The North Sea
41.50
1997
2040
7
Norne
The Norwegian Sea
39.10
1997
2026
7
Kristin
The Norwegian Sea
54.82
2005
2027-2033
7
Hyme
The Norwegian Sea
42.50
2013
2029
6
Valemon
The North Sea
66.78
2015
2031
6
Njord
The Norwegian Sea
27.50
1997
2034
4
Sleipner East
The North Sea
59.60
1993
2028
4
Statfjord North
The North Sea
45.00
2)
1995
2026
4
Morvin
The Norwegian Sea
64.00
2010
2027
3
Breidablikk
The North Sea
39.00
2023
2030
2
Gungne
 
The North Sea
62.00
1996
2028
2
Utgard
The North Sea
38.44
2)
2019
2028
2
Statfjord East
The North Sea
43.25
2)
1994
2026-2040
2
Urd
The Norwegian Sea
63.95
2005
2026
1
Sigyn
The North Sea
60.00
2002
2035
1
Sindre
The North Sea
74.66
2017
2026-2034
0
Fram H Nord
The North Sea
49.20
2014
2024-2035
0
Sygna
The North Sea
43.43
2)
2000
2026-2040
0
Gimle
The North Sea
74.66
2006
2026-2034
0
Heimdal
The North Sea
29.44
1985
2023
0
Byrding
The North Sea
70.00
2017
2024-2035
0
Tune
The North Sea
50.00
2002
2025-2032
0
Total Equinor operated fields
1,261
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
25
1) Åsgard changed ownership January 1st, 2023
 
from 34,57% to 35,01%
2) The Statfjord and Utgard fields in the North
 
Sea span the boundary between the Norwegian and UK
 
continental shelves. The volumes
pertain to Equinor’s operating interest in
 
Statfjord and Utgard on the NCS. For the volumes
 
pertaining to Equinor’s operating interest in
Statfjord and Utgard on the UKCS, please see Exploration
 
& Production
 
International in Section 3.1.2 of Chapter 3.
E&P Norway - Partner operated fields, average daily
 
entitlement production
Geographical area
Equinor's equity
interest in %
Operator
 
On
stream
 
Licence expiry
date
Average
production in
2023 mboe/day
Field
Skarv
The Norwegian Sea
36.17
Aker BP ASA
2013
2029-2036
54
Ormen Lange
The Norwegian Sea
25.35
A/S Norske Shell
2007
2040-2041
30
Ivar Aasen
The North Sea
41.47
Aker BP ASA
2016
2029-2036
14
Goliat
The Barents Sea
35.00
Vår Energi ASA
2016
2042
9
Ærfugl Nord
The Norwegian Sea
30.00
Aker BP ASA
2021
2033
4
Marulk
The Norwegian Sea
33.00
Vår Energi ASA
2012
2030
2
Enoch
The North Sea
11.78
Repsol Sinopec North Sea Ltd.
2007
2024
0
Total partner operated fields
114
Total E&P Norway including share of equity accounted production
0
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equinor 2023 Annual Report on Form 20-F
 
26
E&P International - Average daily equity production
Field
Country
Equinor's
equity
interest in %
Operator
 
On
stream
 
Licence
expiry date
Average daily
equity
production in
2023
 
mboe/day
Americas (excluding US)
115
Peregrino
Brazil
60.00
 
Equinor Brasil Energia Ltda.
 
2011
2040
53
Roncador
Brazil
25.00
 
Petróleo Brasileiro S.A.
 
1999
2052
33
Bandurria Sur
Argentina
30.00
Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales S.A.
2015
2050
13
Hebron
Canada
9.01
 
ExxonMobil Canada Properties
 
2017
HPB
1)
11
Hibernia/Hibernia Southern
Extension
2)
Canada
Varies
 
Hibernia Management and Development
Company Ltd.
 
1997
HPB
1)
4
Bajo del Toro
Argentina
50.00
Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales S.A.
2022
2055
1
Africa
 
 
175
Block 17
Angola
22.16
TotalEnergies E&P Angola S.A.
2001
2045
76
In Salah
Algeria
31.85
Sonatrach
3)
2004
2027