10-Q 1 fast-20240930.htm 10-Q fast-20240930
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
    For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024, or
Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
    For the transition period from __________ to __________                   
Commission file number 0-16125
 FASTENAL COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Minnesota 41-0948415
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2001 Theurer Boulevard, Winona, Minnesota
55987-1500
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
(507) 454-5374
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)


Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $.01 per shareFASTThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files.)    Yes  ý    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated Filer ý  Accelerated Filer 
Non-accelerated Filer   Smaller Reporting Company 
Emerging Growth Company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes     No  ý
As of October 10, 2024, there were approximately 572,886,495 shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding.


FASTENAL COMPANY
INDEX
 




PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1 — FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Amounts in millions except share and per share information)
(Unaudited)
AssetsSeptember 30,
2024
December 31,
2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$292.2 221.3 
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $4.2 and $6.4, respectively
1,200.6 1,087.6 
Inventories1,559.5 1,522.7 
Prepaid income taxes16.8 17.5 
Other current assets191.4 171.8 
Total current assets3,260.5 3,020.9 
Property and equipment, net1,044.2 1,011.1 
Operating lease right-of-use assets280.7 270.2 
Other assets153.0 160.7 
Total assets$4,738.4 4,462.9 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of debt$115.0 60.0 
Accounts payable301.7 264.1 
Accrued expenses225.7 241.0 
Current portion of operating lease liabilities99.2 96.2 
Total current liabilities741.6 661.3 
Long-term debt125.0 200.0 
Operating lease liabilities187.6 178.8 
Deferred income taxes75.8 73.0 
Other long-term liabilities11.0 1.0 
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock: $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding
  
Common stock: $0.01 par value, 800,000,000 shares authorized, 572,881,159 and 571,982,367 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
5.7 5.7 
Additional paid-in capital73.3 41.0 
Retained earnings3,575.5 3,356.9 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(57.1)(54.8)
Total stockholders' equity3,597.4 3,348.8 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$4,738.4 4,462.9 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

1

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income
(Amounts in millions except income per share)
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 2024202320242023
Net sales$5,721.5 5,588.1 $1,910.2 1,845.9 
Cost of sales3,137.8 3,033.0 1,051.6 998.3 
Gross profit2,583.7 2,555.1 858.6 847.6 
Selling, general, and administrative expenses1,418.5 1,380.2 470.5 460.9 
Operating income1,165.2 1,174.9 388.1 386.7 
Interest income4.2 1.8 1.3 0.8 
Interest expense(5.6)(8.9)(1.8)(2.1)
Income before income taxes1,163.8 1,167.8 387.6 385.4 
Income tax expense275.3 279.2 89.5 89.9 
Net income$888.5 888.6 $298.1 295.5 
Basic net income per share$1.55 1.56 $0.52 0.52 
Diluted net income per share$1.55 1.55 $0.52 0.52 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding572.6 571.1 572.7 571.4 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding574.1 572.9 574.2 573.1 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


2

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Amounts in millions)
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 2024202320242023
Net income$888.5 888.6 $298.1 295.5 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments (net of tax of $0.0 in 2024 and 2023)
(2.3)(6.7)17.4 (14.6)
Comprehensive income$886.2 881.9 $315.5 280.9 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


3

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity
(Amounts in millions except per share information)
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
2024202320242023
Common stock
Balance at beginning of period$5.7 5.7 $5.7 5.7 
Balance at end of period5.7 5.7 5.7 5.7 
Additional paid-in capital
Balance at beginning of period41.0 3.6 63.6 19.9 
Stock options exercised26.3 15.4 7.7 2.9 
Stock-based compensation6.0 5.6 2.0 1.8 
Balance at end of period73.3 24.6 73.3 24.6 
Retained earnings
Balance at beginning of period3,356.9 3,218.7 3,500.8 3,412.1 
Net income888.5 888.6 298.1 295.5 
Cash dividends paid(669.9)(599.5)(223.4)(199.8)
Balance at end of period3,575.5 3,507.8 3,575.5 3,507.8 
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
Balance at beginning of period(54.8)(64.8)(74.5)(56.9)
Other comprehensive (loss) income(2.3)(6.7)17.4 (14.6)
Balance at end of period(57.1)(71.5)(57.1)(71.5)
Total stockholders' equity$3,597.4 3,466.6 $3,597.4 3,466.6 
Cash dividends paid per share of common stock$1.17 1.05 $0.39 0.35 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


4

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Amounts in millions)
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 2024202320242023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$888.5 888.6 $298.1 295.5 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation of property and equipment123.0 126.1 41.8 42.1 
Gain on sale of property and equipment(3.0)(2.7)(1.3)(1.5)
Bad debt (recoveries) expense(0.2)1.4 0.4 1.2 
Deferred income taxes2.8 (4.4)1.6 (5.0)
Stock-based compensation6.0 5.6 2.0 1.8 
Amortization of intangible assets8.0 8.0 2.6 2.6 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable(113.5)(159.5)7.4 (4.5)
Inventories(36.2)191.7 (48.4)46.1 
Other current assets(19.6)15.4 (26.1)(8.3)
Accounts payable40.3 21.7 9.6 11.8 
Accrued expenses(14.8)(4.7)7.7 6.6 
Income taxes0.7 (7.2)(0.3)(0.6)
Other8.5 (1.3)1.8 0.3 
Net cash provided by operating activities890.5 1,078.7 296.9 388.1 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment(166.3)(136.5)(59.4)(46.9)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment9.6 8.8 3.6 4.0 
Other(0.3)(0.5)(0.1)(0.1)
Net cash used in investing activities(157.0)(128.2)(55.9)(43.0)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from debt obligations590.0 790.0 205.0 155.0 
Payments against debt obligations(610.0)(1,085.0)(200.0)(245.0)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options26.3 15.4 7.7 2.9 
Cash dividends paid(669.9)(599.5)(223.4)(199.8)
Net cash used in financing activities(663.6)(879.1)(210.7)(286.9)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents1.0 (4.0)6.4 (4.3)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents70.9 67.4 36.7 53.9 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period221.3 230.1 255.5 243.6 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$292.2 297.5 $292.2 297.5 
Supplemental information:
Cash paid for interest$6.0 10.3 $1.8 2.1 
Net cash paid for income taxes$269.4 288.0 $87.6 94.3 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$75.5 96.3 $26.1 32.0 
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

5

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in millions except share and per share information and where otherwise noted)
September 30, 2024 and 2023
(Unaudited)
(1) Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Fastenal Company and subsidiaries (collectively referred to as 'Fastenal' or by terms such as 'we', 'our', or 'us') have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information. They do not include all information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. However, except as described herein, there has been no material change in the information disclosed in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.
Beginning in the first quarter of 2024, references to 'net earnings', 'operating and administrative expenses', and 'earnings before income taxes' have been revised in our condensed consolidated financial statements and financial reports, including this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, to 'net income', 'selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses', and 'income before income taxes', respectively.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which enhances reporting requirements under Topic 280. The enhanced disclosure requirements include: title and position of the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), significant segment expenses provided to the CODM, extending certain annual disclosures to interim periods, clarifying single reportable segment entities must apply Accounting Standards Codification 280 in its entirety, and permitting more than one measure of segment profit or loss to be reported under certain circumstances. This change is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024. This change will apply retrospectively to all periods presented. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2023-07 will have on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures and plan to adopt the standard in our 2024 annual report on Form 10-K.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (Topic 740), which establishes new income tax disclosure requirements in addition to modifying and eliminating certain existing requirements. The new guidance requires consistent categorization and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation, as well as further disaggregation of income taxes paid. This change is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. This change will apply on a prospective basis to annual financial statements for periods beginning after the effective date. However, retrospective application in all prior periods presented is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures and we anticipate adoption in our 2025 annual report on Form 10-K.
(2) Revenue
Revenue Recognition
Net sales include products and shipping and handling charges, net of estimates for product returns and any related sales incentives. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring products. All revenue is recognized when or as we satisfy our performance obligations under the contract. We recognize revenue by transferring control of the promised products to the customer, with the majority of revenue recognized at the point in time the customer obtains control of the products. We recognize revenue for shipping and handling charges at the time the products are delivered to or picked up by the customer. We estimate product returns based on historical return rates. Using probability assessments, we estimate sales incentives expected to be paid over the term of the contract. The majority of our contracts have a single performance obligation and are short-term in nature. Sales taxes and value added taxes in foreign jurisdictions that are collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net basis and therefore are excluded from net sales.

6

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in millions except share and per share information and where otherwise noted)
September 30, 2024 and 2023
(Unaudited)
Disaggregation of Revenue
Revenues are attributable to countries based on the selling location from which the sale occurred. Our revenues related to the following geographic areas were as follows for the periods ended September 30:
Nine-month PeriodThree-month Period
2024202320242023
United States$4,760.2 4,675.0 $1,587.2 1,544.6 
% of revenues83.2 %83.7 %83.1 %83.7 %
Canada and Mexico783.7 744.5 264.1 245.7 
% of revenues13.7 %13.3 %13.8 %13.3 %
North America5,543.9 5,419.5 1,851.3 1,790.3 
% of revenues96.9 %97.0 %96.9 %97.0 %
All other foreign countries177.6 168.6 58.9 55.6 
% of revenues3.1 %3.0 %3.1 %3.0 %
Total revenues$5,721.5 5,588.1 $1,910.2 1,845.9 
The percentages of our sales by end market were as follows for the periods ended September 30:
Nine-month PeriodThree-month Period
2024202320242023
Manufacturing75.2 %74.6 %75.1 %74.3 %
Non-residential construction8.6 %9.2 %8.6 %9.1 %
Other16.2 %16.2 %16.3 %16.6 %
100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
The percentages of our sales by product line were as follows for the periods ended September 30:
Nine-month PeriodThree-month Period
TypeIntroduced2024202320242023
Fasteners (1)
196730.9 %32.8 %30.2 %32.1 %
Tools19938.5 %8.5 %8.4 %8.5 %
Cutting tools19965.3 %5.3 %5.3 %5.2 %
Hydraulics & pneumatics19966.8 %6.7 %6.8 %6.7 %
Material handling19965.6 %5.6 %5.7 %5.6 %
Janitorial supplies19968.7 %8.3 %9.0 %8.5 %
Electrical supplies19974.6 %4.6 %4.8 %4.6 %
Welding supplies19974.2 %4.1 %4.2 %4.0 %
Safety supplies199922.0 %20.8 %22.5 %21.4 %
Other3.4 %3.3 %3.1 %3.4 %
100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %100.0 %
(1) The fastener product line represents fasteners and miscellaneous supplies.

7

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in millions except share and per share information and where otherwise noted)
September 30, 2024 and 2023
(Unaudited)
(3) Stockholders' Equity
Dividends
On October 10, 2024, our board of directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.39 per share of common stock to be paid in cash on November 22, 2024 to shareholders of record at the close of business on October 25, 2024.
The following table presents the cash dividends either paid previously or declared by our board of directors for future payment on a per share basis:
20242023
First quarter$0.39 $0.35 
Second quarter0.39 0.35 
Third quarter0.39 0.35 
Fourth quarter0.39 0.35 
Fourth quarter (special)0.38 
Total$1.56 $1.78 
Stock Options
The following tables summarize the details of options granted under our stock option plans that were outstanding as of September 30, 2024, and the assumptions used to value those grants. All such grants were effective at the close of business on the date of grant.
 Options
Granted
Option Exercise
Price
Closing Stock Price on Date
of Grant
September 30, 2024
Date of GrantOptions
Outstanding
Options
Exercisable
January 2, 2024814,912 $64.00 $63.550 778,985 50,717 
January 3, 20231,071,943 $48.00 $47.400 906,427 191,950 
January 3, 2022713,438 $62.00 $61.980 553,713 213,956 
January 4, 2021741,510 $48.00 $47.650 514,684 254,438 
January 2, 2020902,263 $38.00 $37.230 562,833 355,612 
January 2, 20191,316,924 $26.00 $25.705 585,625 454,291 
January 2, 20181,087,936 $27.50 $27.270 449,406 377,058 
January 3, 20171,529,578 $23.50 $23.475 256,174 214,576 
April 19, 20161,690,880 $23.00 $22.870 107,026 107,026 
Total9,869,384 4,714,873 2,219,624 


8

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in millions except share and per share information and where otherwise noted)
September 30, 2024 and 2023
(Unaudited)
Date of GrantRisk-free
Interest Rate
Expected Life of
Option in Years
Expected
Dividend
Yield
Expected
Stock
Volatility
Estimated Fair
Value of Stock
Option
January 2, 20243.8 %5.002.2 %28.44 %$15.87 
January 3, 20234.0 %5.002.6 %29.58 %$11.62 
January 3, 20221.3 %5.001.7 %28.52 %$13.68 
January 4, 20210.4 %5.002.0 %29.17 %$9.57 
January 2, 20201.7 %5.002.4 %25.70 %$6.81 
January 2, 20192.5 %5.002.9 %23.96 %$4.40 
January 2, 20182.2 %5.002.3 %23.45 %$5.02 
January 3, 20171.9 %5.002.6 %24.49 %$4.20 
April 19, 20161.3 %5.002.6 %26.34 %$4.09 
All of the options in the tables above vest and become exercisable over a period of up to eight years. Generally, each option will terminate approximately 10 years after the grant date.
The fair value of each share-based option is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes valuation method that uses the assumptions listed above. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rate over the expected life of the option at the time of grant. The expected life is the average length of time over which we expect the employee groups will exercise their options, net of forfeitures, which is based on historical experience with similar grants. The dividend yield is estimated over the expected life of the option based on our current dividend payout, historical dividends paid, and expected future cash dividends. Expected stock volatilities are based on the movement of our stock price over the most recent historical period equivalent to the expected life of the option.
Compensation expense equal to the grant date fair value is recognized for all of these awards over the vesting period. The stock-based compensation expense for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was $6.0 and $5.6, respectively, while the third quarter of 2024 and 2023 was $2.0 and $1.8, respectively. Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding unvested stock options as of September 30, 2024 was $20.9 and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 4.25 years. Any future changes in estimated forfeitures will impact this amount.
Income Per Share
The following tables present a reconciliation of the denominators used in the computation of basic and diluted income per share and a summary of the options to purchase shares of common stock which were excluded from the diluted income per share calculation because they were anti-dilutive:
 Nine-month PeriodThree-month Period
Reconciliation2024202320242023
Basic weighted average shares outstanding572,551,276 571,145,110 572,735,205 571,368,442 
Weighted shares assumed upon exercise of stock options1,584,650 1,726,310 1,448,456 1,731,267 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding574,135,926 572,871,420 574,183,661 573,099,709 
 Nine-month PeriodThree-month Period
Summary of Anti-dilutive Options Excluded2024202320242023
Options to purchase shares of common stock1,230,831 1,831,551 1,227,996 1,598,463 
Weighted average exercise prices of options$63.18 53.05 $63.19 53.65 
Any dilutive impact summarized above related to periods when the average market price of our stock exceeded the exercise price of the potentially dilutive stock options then outstanding.

9

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in millions except share and per share information and where otherwise noted)
September 30, 2024 and 2023
(Unaudited)
(4) Income Taxes
We file income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction, all states, and various local and foreign jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to income tax examinations by taxing authorities for taxable years before 2021 in the case of United States federal examinations, and with limited exception, before 2018 in the case of foreign, state, and local examinations. During the first nine months of 2024, there were no material changes in unrecognized tax benefits.
(5) Operating Leases
Certain operating leases for pick-up trucks contain residual value guarantee provisions which would generally become due at the expiration of the operating lease agreement if the fair value of the leased vehicles is less than the guaranteed residual value. The aggregate residual value guarantee related to these leases was approximately $134.3. We believe the likelihood of funding the guarantee obligation under any provision of the operating lease agreements is remote.
(6) Debt Commitments
Credit Facility, Notes Payable, and Commitments
Debt obligations and letters of credit outstanding at the end of each period consisted of the following:
Average Interest Rate at September 30, 2024
Debt Outstanding
Maturity
Date
September 30,
2024
December 31,
2023
Unsecured revolving credit facility5.88 %September 28, 2027$40.0  
Senior unsecured promissory notes payable, Series C3.22 %March 1, 2024 60.0 
Senior unsecured promissory notes payable, Series D2.66 %May 15, 202575.0 75.0 
Senior unsecured promissory notes payable, Series E2.72 %May 15, 202750.0 50.0 
Senior unsecured promissory notes payable, Series G2.13 %June 24, 202625.0 25.0 
Senior unsecured promissory notes payable, Series H2.50 %June 24, 203050.0 50.0 
Total240.0 260.0 
   Less: Current portion of debt(115.0)(60.0)
Long-term debt$125.0 200.0 
Outstanding letters of credit under unsecured revolving credit facility - contingent obligation$31.2 32.7 
Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility
We have an $835.0 committed unsecured revolving credit facility (Credit Facility) with an uncommitted accordion option to increase the aggregate revolving commitment by an additional $365.0 for a total amount of $1,200.0. The Credit Facility includes a committed letter of credit subfacility of $55.0. Any borrowings outstanding under the Credit Facility for which we have the ability and intent to pay using cash within the next 12 months will be classified as a current liability. The Credit Facility contains certain financial and other covenants, and our right to borrow under the Credit Facility is conditioned upon, among other things, our compliance with these covenants. We are currently in compliance with these covenants.
Borrowings under the Credit Facility generally bear interest at a rate per annum equal to Daily Simple SOFR plus a 0.10% spread adjustment plus 0.95%. We pay a commitment fee for the unused portion of the Credit Facility. This fee is either 0.10% or 0.125% per annum based on our usage of the Credit Facility.
10

FASTENAL COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in millions except share and per share information and where otherwise noted)
September 30, 2024 and 2023
(Unaudited)
Senior Unsecured Promissory Notes Payable
We have issued senior unsecured promissory notes under our master note agreement (the Master Note Agreement) in the aggregate principal amount of $200.0 as of September 30, 2024. Our aggregate borrowing capacity under the Master Note Agreement is $900.0; however, none of the institutional investors party to that agreement are committed to purchase notes thereunder. There is no amortization of these notes prior to their maturity date and interest is payable quarterly. The notes currently issued under our Master Note Agreement, including the maturity date and fixed interest rate per annum of each series of note, are contained in the table above. The Master Note Agreement contains certain financial and other covenants and we are currently in compliance with these covenants.
(7) Legal Contingencies
The nature of our potential exposure to legal contingencies is described in our 2023 annual report on Form 10-K in Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. As of September 30, 2024, there were no litigation matters that we consider to be probable or reasonably possible to have a material adverse outcome.
(8) Subsequent Events
We evaluated all subsequent event activity and concluded that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition in the condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, with the exception of the dividend declaration disclosed in Note 3 'Stockholders' Equity'.

11

ITEM 2 — MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following is management's discussion and analysis of certain significant factors which have affected our financial position and operating results during the periods included in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements. Dollar amounts are stated in millions except for share and per share amounts and where otherwise noted. Throughout this document, percentage and dollar change calculations, which are based on non-rounded dollar values, may not be able to be recalculated using the dollar values in this document due to the rounding of those dollar values. References to daily sales rate (DSR) change may reflect either growth (positive) or contraction (negative) for the applicable period.
Business
Fastenal is a North American leader in the wholesale distribution of industrial and construction supplies. We distribute these supplies through a network of more than 3,500 in-market locations. Our largest end market is manufacturing. Sales to these customers include products for both original equipment manufacturing (OEM), where our products are consumed in the final products of our customers, and manufacturing, repair, and operations (MRO), where our products are consumed to support the facilities and ongoing operations of our customers. We also service general and commercial contractors in non-residential end markets as well as farmers, truckers, railroads, oil exploration companies, oil production and refinement companies, mining companies, federal, state, and local governmental entities, schools, and certain retail trades. Geographically, our branches, Onsite locations, and customers are primarily located in North America, though we continue to grow our non-North American presence as well.
Our motto is Growth Through Customer Service® and our tagline is Where Industry Meets Innovation. We are a customer- and growth-centric organization focused on identifying unique technologies, capabilities, and supply chain solutions that get us closer to our customers and reduce the total cost of their global supply chain. We believe this close-to-the-customer, 'high-touch, high-tech' partnership approach is differentiated in the marketplace and allows us to gain market share in what remains a fragmented industrial distribution market.
Executive Overview
The following table presents a performance summary of our results of operations for the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.
 Nine-month PeriodThree-month Period
 20242023Change20242023Change
Net sales$5,721.5 5,588.1 2.4 %$1,910.2 1,845.9 3.5 %
Business days192 191 64 63 
Daily sales$29.8 29.3 1.9 %$29.8 29.3 1.9 %
Gross profit$2,583.7 2,555.1 1.1 %$858.6 847.6 1.3 %
 % of net sales45.2 %45.7 %44.9 %45.9 %
Selling, general, and administrative expenses $1,418.5 1,380.2 2.8 %$470.5 460.9 2.1 %
% of net sales24.8 %24.7 %24.6 %25.0 %
Operating income$1,165.2 1,174.9 -0.8 %$388.1 386.7 0.4 %
 % of net sales20.4 %21.0 %20.3 %21.0 %
Income before income taxes$1,163.8 1,167.8 -0.3 %$387.6 385.4 0.6 %
 % of net sales20.3 %20.9 %20.3 %20.9 %
Net income$888.5 888.6 0.0 %$298.1 295.5 0.9 %
Diluted net income per share$1.55 1.55 -0.2 %$0.52 0.52 0.7 %
Note – Daily sales are defined as the total net sales for the period divided by the number of business days (in the United States) in the period.








12

The table below summarizes our absolute and full time equivalent (FTE; based on 40 hours per week) employee headcount, our investments related to in-market locations (defined as the sum of the total number of branch locations and the total number of active Onsite locations), and weighted Fastenal Managed Inventory (FMI) devices at the end of the periods presented and the percentage change compared to the end of the prior periods.
Change
Since:
Change
Since:
Change
Since:
Q3
2024
Q2
2024
Q2
2024
Q4
2023
Q4
2023
Q3
2023
Q3
2023
Selling personnel - absolute employee headcount16,666 16,774 -0.6 %16,512 0.9 %16,261 2.5 %
Selling personnel - FTE employee headcount15,080 15,386 -2.0 %15,070 0.1 %14,750 2.2 %
Total personnel - absolute employee headcount23,518 23,629 -0.5 %23,201 1.4 %22,862 2.9 %
Total personnel - FTE employee headcount20,894 21,249 -1.7 %20,721 0.8 %20,284 3.0 %
Number of branch locations1,597 1,599 -0.1 %1,597 — %1,615 -1.1 %
Number of active Onsite locations1,986 1,934 2.7 %1,822 9.0 %1,778 11.7 %
Number of in-market locations3,583 3,533 1.4 %3,419 4.8 %3,393 5.6 %
Weighted FMI devices (MEU installed count) 123,193 119,306 3.3 %113,138 8.9 %110,191 11.8 %
During the last twelve months, we increased our total FTE employee headcount by 610. This reflects an increase in our total FTE selling and sales support personnel of 330, which is oriented heavily toward supporting expansion of our Onsite locations. We had an increase in our distribution and transportation FTE personnel of 167 to support increased product throughput at our distribution facilities. We had an increase in our remaining FTE personnel of 113 which relates primarily to personnel investments in IT and business analytics.
The table below summarizes the number of branches opened and closed, net of conversions, as well as the number of Onsites activated and closed, net of conversions during the periods presented.
Nine-month PeriodThree-month Period
2024202320242023
Branch openings
Branch closures, net of conversions(7)(76)(6)(23)
Onsite activations268 252 93 79 
Onsite closures, net of conversions(104)(97)(41)(29)
Our in-market network forms the foundation of our business strategy. In recent years, we have seen a gradual increase in our in-market locations. This has reflected significant growth in Onsites and, to a lesser degree, international branches, which has more than overcome a meaningful decline in our traditional branch network from a strategic rationalization that aligned our physical footprint with changes in our business strategies. Branch closures may occur in the future to reflect normal churn in our business, but the strategic rationalization has concluded. As a result, we expect to see an increase in the rate of in-market location growth as we continue to open Onsites while our traditional branch network remains stable or grows moderately to sustain and improve our North American network, to continue our global expansion beyond North America, and to support our growth drivers.
13


THIRD QUARTER OF 2024 VERSUS THIRD QUARTER OF 2023
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth condensed consolidated statements of income information (as a percentage of net sales) for the periods ended September 30:
Three-month Period
 20242023
Net sales100.0 %100.0 %
Gross profit44.9 %45.9 %
Selling, general, and administrative expenses24.6 %25.0 %
Operating income20.3 %21.0 %
Net interest expense0.0 %-0.1 %
Income before income taxes20.3 %20.9 %
Note – Amounts may not foot due to rounding difference.
Sales
The table below sets forth net sales and daily sales for the periods ended September 30, and changes in such sales from the prior period to the more recent period:
 Three-month Period
 20242023
Net sales$1,910.2 1,845.9 
Percentage change3.5 %2.4 %
Business days64 63 
Daily sales$29.8 29.3 
Percentage change1.9 %4.0 %
Daily sales impact of currency fluctuations-0.1 %-0.1 %
Net sales increased $64.2, or 3.5%, in the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the third quarter of 2023. There was one more selling day in the third quarter of 2024 relative to the prior year period and, taking this into consideration, our net daily sales increased 1.9% in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023. We estimate the disruption from Hurricane Helene to operations and logistics within our Southeast and Atlantic Coastal regions reduced our daily sales by 5 to 25 basis points in the third quarter of 2024. Changes in foreign exchange rates negatively affected sales in both the third quarter of 2024 and the third quarter of 2023 by approximately 10 basis points.
An increase in unit sales in the third quarter of 2024 was primarily due to growth with larger customers and Onsite locations opened in the last two years. The impact of product pricing on net sales in the third quarter of 2024 was not material, in contrast to the third quarter of 2023, when the impact of product pricing was modestly positive. The pricing environment was stable throughout the third quarter of 2024.

14

From a product standpoint, we have three categories: fasteners (including fasteners used in OEM and MRO), safety supplies, and other product lines, the latter of which includes eight smaller product categories, such as tools, janitorial supplies, and cutting tools. We continued to experience a divergence in the performance of our fastener versus our non-fastener product lines in the third quarter of 2024, which we believe primarily relates to two factors. First, fasteners are more heavily oriented toward production of final goods than maintenance, which results in greater susceptibility to periods of weaker industrial production. Second, we continued to experience relatively faster growth with warehousing customers due to market share gains and product mix, which primarily benefits our safety product line. This impact is beginning to moderate as we come up against more difficult comparison periods. The DSR change when compared to the same period in the prior year and the percent of sales in the period were as follows:
DSR Change
Three-month Period
% of Sales
Three-month Period
2024202320242023
OEM fasteners-3.1 %2.4 %19.0 %20.0 %
MRO fasteners-5.3 %-8.5 %11.2 %12.1 %
Total fasteners-4.0 %-2.0 %30.2 %32.1 %
Safety supplies6.8 %9.2 %22.5 %21.4 %
Other product lines3.7 %6.8 %47.3 %46.5 %
Total non-fasteners4.7 %7.5 %69.8 %67.9 %
From an end market standpoint, we have five categories: heavy manufacturing, other manufacturing, non-residential construction, reseller, and other, the latter of which includes government/education and transportation/warehousing. Our manufacturing end markets are outperforming primarily due to the relative strength we are experiencing with key account customers with significant managed spend where our service model and technology is particularly impactful. This disproportionately benefits manufacturing customers. Other end market sales are improving primarily as a result of strength with warehousing customers due to market share gains and product mix. We believe the weakness in our reseller end market reflects efforts in many industries to reduce channel inventories. The DSR change when compared to the same period in the prior year and the percent of sales in the period were as follows:
DSR Change
Three-month Period
% of Sales
Three-month Period
2024202320242023
Heavy manufacturing0.7 %9.0 %42.7 %43.2 %
Other manufacturing 6.2 %2.5 %32.4 %31.1 %
Total manufacturing3.0 %6.2 %75.1 %74.3 %
Non-residential construction-3.6 %-7.2 %8.6 %9.1 %
Reseller-11.3 %-6.9 %5.1 %5.8 %
Other end markets5.6 %8.1 %11.2 %10.8 %
Total non-manufacturing-1.5 %-1.3 %24.9 %25.7 %
We report our customers in two categories: national accounts, which are customers with significant revenue potential and a national, multi-site contract, and non-national accounts, which include large regional customers, small local customers, and government customers. We continued to experience a significant divergence in the performance of our national account customers versus our non-national account customers, which relates to the relative growth of our sales through Onsite locations and larger, key accounts. The DSR change when compared to the same period in the prior year and the percent of sales in the period were as follows:
DSR Change
Three-month Period
% of Sales
Three-month Period
2024202320242023
National accounts5.6 %8.6 %63.6 %60.8 %
Non-national accounts-4.1 %-1.9 %36.4 %39.2 %

15

Growth Drivers
We signed 93 new Onsite locations (defined as dedicated sales and service provided from within, or in proximity to, the customer's facility) in the third quarter of 2024, resulting in 302 year-to-date signings of new Onsite locations. We had 1,986 active sites on September 30, 2024, which represented an increase of 11.7% from September 30, 2023. Daily sales through our Onsite locations, excluding sales transferred from branches to new Onsites, grew at a low single-digit rate in the third quarter of 2024 over the third quarter of 2023. This growth is due to contributions from Onsites activated and implemented in 2024 and 2023, which more than offset the impact of closures and a decline in revenues from Onsites activated prior to 2023. Our goal for Onsite signings in 2024 remains between 375 to 400, although the lower half of this range seems most likely given the pace of signings through the third quarter of 2024.
FMI Technology is comprised of our FASTStock (scanned stocking locations), FASTBin® (infrared, RFID, and scaled bins), and FASTVend® (vending devices) offering. FASTStock's fulfillment processing technology is not embedded, is relatively less expensive and highly flexible in application, and delivered using our proprietary mobility technology. FASTBin and FASTVend incorporate highly efficient and powerful embedded data tracking and fulfillment processing technologies. The first statistic is a weighted FMI® measure, which combines the signings and installations of FASTBin and FASTVend in a standardized machine equivalent unit (MEU) based on the expected output of each type of device. We do not include FASTStock in this measurement because scanned stocking locations can take many forms, such as bins, shelves, cabinets, pallets, etc., that cannot be converted into a standardized MEU. The second statistic is sales through FMI Technology, which combines the sales through FASTStock, FASTBin, and FASTVend. A portion of the growth in sales experienced by FMI, particularly FASTStock and FASTBin, reflects the migration of products from less efficient non-digital stocking locations to more efficient, digital stocking locations.
Our goal for weighted FASTBin and FASTVend device signings in 2024 remains between 26,000 to 28,000 MEUs.
The table below summarizes the signings and installations of, and sales through, our FMI devices.
Three-month Period
20242023Change
Weighted FASTBin/FASTVend signings (MEUs)7,281 5,969 22.0 %
Signings per day114 95 
Weighted FASTBin/FASTVend installations (MEUs; end of period)123,193 110,191 11.8 %
FASTStock sales$244.7 234.2 4.5 %
% of sales12.7 %12.5 %
FASTBin/FASTVend sales$586.8 526.2 11.5 %
% of sales30.3 %28.2 %
FMI sales$831.5 760.4 9.3 %
FMI daily sales$13.0 12.1 7.6 %
% of sales43.0 %40.7 %
Our eBusiness includes eProcurement activities [e.g., integrated transactions, including electronic data interchange (EDI)] and eCommerce (transactional website sales). Growth of our eBusiness reflects both new sales that enhance our growth rate and a shift in existing sales from non-digital to digital processes that improves efficiency. Daily sales through eBusiness grew 25.6% in the third quarter of 2024 and represented 30.1% of our total sales in the period. In the third quarter of 2024, daily sales through eProcurement and eCommerce grew 33.2% and 6.6%, respectively.
Our digital products and services are comprised of sales through FMI (FASTStock, FASTBin, and FASTVend) plus that proportion of our eBusiness sales that do not represent billings of FMI services (collectively, our Digital Footprint). We believe the data that is created through our digital capabilities enhances product visibility, traceability, and control that reduces risk in operations and creates ordering and fulfillment efficiencies for both us and our customers. As a result, we believe our opportunity to grow our business will be enhanced through the continued development and expansion of our digital capabilities.
Our Digital Footprint in the third quarter of 2024 represented 61.1% of our sales, an increase from 57.1% of sales in the third quarter of 2023.
16

Gross Profit
Our gross profit, as a percentage of net sales, decreased to 44.9% in the third quarter of 2024 from 45.9% in the third quarter of 2023. Our gross profit percentage was primarily impacted by four factors. First, we experienced unfavorable customer and product mix. This reflects relatively stronger growth from large customers, including Onsite customers, and non-fastener products, each of which tend to have a lower gross profit percentage than our business as a whole. Second, we experienced higher import duties particularly related to Mexico. Third, we received a large shipper rebate in the third quarter of 2023 that did not recur in the third quarter of 2024. Fourth, supplier rebates were lower, as weaker demand resulted in lower purchasing for products affected by such programs than originally anticipated. Price-cost did not meaningfully impact our gross profit percentage during the third quarter of 2024.
SG&A Expenses
Our SG&A expenses, as a percentage of net sales, were 24.6% in the third quarter of 2024 versus 25.0% in the third quarter of 2023. The combined effects of one extra selling day in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the third quarter of 2023 and efforts to control costs in light of soft underlying business activity resulted in total SG&A expenses in the period increasing 2.1%, which was below our rate of net sales growth.
The percentage change in employee-related, occupancy-related, and all other SG&A expenses compared to the same period in the preceding year, is outlined in the table below.
Approximate Percentage of Total SG&A ExpensesThree-month Period
2024
Employee-related expenses70% to 75%3.5 %
Occupancy-related expenses15% to 20%4.1 %
All other SG&A expenses10% to 15%-8.4 %
Employee-related expenses include: (1) payroll (which includes cash compensation, stock option expense, and profit sharing), (2) health care, (3) personnel development, and (4) social taxes.
In the third quarter of 2024, our employee-related expenses increased when compared to the third quarter of 2023. We experienced an increase in employee base pay, due to higher average FTE and higher average wages during the period, as well as higher health insurance costs. This was partly offset by lower bonus and commission payments reflecting slower sales and profit growth versus the third quarter of 2023.
The table below summarizes our FTE headcount at the end of the periods presented and the percentage change compared to the end of the prior periods:
Change
Since:
Change
Since:
Q3
2024
Q2
2024
Q2
2024
Q3
2023
Q3
2023
Selling personnel (1)
15,080 15,386 -2.0 %14,750 2.2 %
Distribution/Transportation personnel3,151 3,172 -0.7 %2,984 5.6 %
Manufacturing personnel714 721 -1.0 %704 1.4 %
Organizational support personnel (2)
1,949 1,970 -1.1 %1,846 5.6 %
Total personnel20,894 21,249 -1.7 %20,284 3.0 %
(1)
Of our Selling Personnel, 80%-85% are attached to a specific in-market location.
(2)
Organizational support personnel consists of: (1) Sales & Growth Driver Support personnel (35% to 40% of category), which includes sourcing, purchasing, supply chain, product development, etc.; (2) Information Technology (IT) personnel (35% to 40% of category); and (3) Administrative Support personnel (22% to 27% of category), which includes human resources, Fastenal School of Business, accounting and finance, senior management, etc.
Occupancy-related expenses include: (1) building rent and depreciation, (2) building utility costs, (3) equipment related to our branches and distribution locations, and (4) industrial vending equipment and bins utilized as part of FMI services (we consider this hardware to be a logical extension of our in-market operations and classify the depreciation and repair costs as occupancy expenses).
In the third quarter of 2024, our occupancy-related expenses increased when compared to the third quarter of 2023. This was primarily a result of modest increases in a number of areas, including general inflation in branch costs, incremental depreciation and other costs associated with hub investments and upgrades, and higher utility costs.
17

All other SG&A expenses include: (1) selling-related transportation, (2) IT expenses, (3) general corporate expenses, which consist of legal expenses, general insurance expenses, travel and marketing expenses, etc., and (4) sales of property and equipment.
Combined, all other SG&A expenses decreased in the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the third quarter of 2023. Our largest cost categories, IT expenses and selling-related transportation costs, were relatively stable, with the latter experiencing lower fuel expenses that were mostly offset by slightly higher lease costs. As a result, the reduction in all other SG&A expenses reflects the accumulation of small changes in a number of areas, such as an increase in supplier marketing credits, lower bad debt expense, and a decline in general insurance costs.
Operating Income
Our operating income, as a percentage of net sales, decreased to 20.3% in the third quarter of 2024 from 21.0% in the third quarter of 2023.
Net Interest
We had net interest expense of $0.5 in the third quarter of 2024, compared to net interest expense of $1.3 in the third quarter of 2023. We had slightly higher interest income reflecting higher rates earned on our cash balances and slightly lower interest expense as a result of lower average borrowings through the third quarter of 2024.
Income Taxes
We recorded income tax expense of $89.5 in the third quarter of 2024, or 23.1% of income before income taxes. Income tax expense was $89.9 in the third quarter of 2023, or 23.4% of income before income taxes. We believe our ongoing tax rate, absent any discrete tax items or broader changes to tax law, will be approximately 24.5%. Our tax rate in the third quarter of 2024 was below our expected ongoing tax rate due to the tax benefits associated with (1) the exercise of stock options during the period and (2) return to provision adjustments processed in the quarter.
Net Income
Our net income during the third quarter of 2024 was $298.1, an increase of 0.9% compared to the third quarter of 2023. Our diluted net income per share was $0.52 in the third quarter of 2024, which was unchanged from $0.52 in the third quarter of 2023.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash flow activity was as follows for the periods ended September 30:
 Three-month Period
 20242023Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$296.9 388.1 -23.5 %
Percentage of net income99.6 %131.3 %
Net cash used in investing activities$55.9 43.0 30.0 %
Percentage of net income18.8 %14.6 %
Net cash used in financing activities$210.7 286.9 -26.6 %
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $91.2 in the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the third quarter of 2023. The decrease in operating cash flow, as a percent of net income, primarily reflects our operating assets and liabilities being a significant use of cash in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to a significant source of cash in the third quarter of 2023. This was primarily attributable to inventory, which swung to a use of cash in the third quarter of 2024 versus a source of cash in the third quarter of 2023.
18

The dollar and percentage change in accounts receivable, net, inventories, and accounts payable as of September 30, 2024 when compared to September 30, 2023 were as follows:
 September 30Twelve-month Dollar ChangeTwelve-month Percentage Change
 2024202320242024
Accounts receivable, net$1,200.6 1,171.0 $29.7 2.5 %
Inventories1,559.5 1,513.8 45.7 3.0 %
Trade working capital$2,760.1 2,684.8 $75.4 2.8 %
Accounts payable$301.7 275.1 $26.5 9.6 %
Trade working capital, net$2,458.4 2,409.7 $48.8 2.0 %
Net sales in last three months$1,910.2 1,845.9 $64.2 3.5 %
Note - Amounts may not foot due to rounding difference.
The increase in our accounts receivable balance in the third quarter of 2024 was primarily attributable to two factors. First, our receivables increased as a result of growth in sales to our customers. Second, we continue to experience a shift in our mix due to relatively stronger growth from national account customers, which tend to carry longer payment terms than our non-national account customers.
The increase in our inventory balance in the third quarter of 2024 was primarily attributable to two factors. First, our inventory increased as a result of growth in sales to our customers. Second, we began to add stock intended to improve service to our in-market locations and generate efficiencies in our hubs. We expect to add $30.0 to $35.0 of inventory, primarily imported fasteners, to support these initiatives, of which approximately 80% was added in the third quarter of 2024. These factors more than offset the effects of soft underlying business activity and modest product cost deflation.
The increase in our accounts payable balance in the third quarter of 2024 was primarily attributable to an increase in our product purchases to support the addition of inventory intended to improve service to our in-market locations and generate efficiencies in our hubs.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities increased $12.9 in the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the third quarter of 2023. This was due to an increase in purchases of property and equipment in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the third quarter of 2023.
Our capital spending typically falls into five categories: (1) purchases related to FMI hardware, (2) purchases of property and equipment related to expansion of and enhancements to distribution centers, owned or leased branch properties, and other company facilities, (3) spending on software and hardware for our information processing systems, (4) the addition of fleet vehicles, and (5) the addition of manufacturing equipment. Proceeds from the sales of property and equipment, typically for the planned disposition of pick-up trucks as well as distribution vehicles and trailers in the normal course of business, are netted against these purchases and additions. During the third quarter of 2024, our net capital expenditures (purchases of property and equipment, net of proceeds from sales of property and equipment) were $55.8, which was an increase from $42.9 in the third quarter of 2023.
Cash requirements for capital expenditures were satisfied from cash generated from operations, available cash and cash equivalents, our borrowing capacity, and the proceeds of disposals. For the full year of 2024, we expect our net capital expenditures to be within a range of $235.0 to $255.0, an increase from $160.6 in 2023. The expected growth on a year-to-year basis is based on spending to complete our Utah distribution center, investments in picking technology and equipment in our hubs and branches, higher outlays for FMI hardware reflecting our higher targeted signings and a mix of more expensive machines, and an increase in spending on IT.
19

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities decreased $76.2 in the third quarter of 2024 when compared to the third quarter of 2023. In the third quarter of 2023, we had higher average borrowings outstanding and were using capital to reduce those balances. In contrast, in the third quarter of 2024, we had lower average borrowings and a smaller proportion of those balances were part of a facility that was eligible for repayment. As a result, we used significantly less capital to reduce debt balances in the third quarter of 2024 relative to the third quarter of 2023. This was partly offset by an increase in capital returned to shareholders through dividends in the period.
During the third quarter of 2024, we returned $223.4 to our shareholders in the form of dividends, compared to the third quarter of 2023 when we returned $199.8 to our shareholders in the form of dividends. We did not repurchase any of our common stock in the third quarter of 2024 or 2023.
We have authority to purchase up to 6,200,000 additional shares of our common stock under the July 12, 2022 authorization. This authorization does not have an expiration date.
Total debt on our balance sheet was $240.0 at the end of the third quarter of 2024, or 6.3% of total capital (the sum of stockholders' equity and total debt). This compares to $260.0, or 7.0% of total capital, at the end of the third quarter of 2023. The reduction in debt in the third quarter of 2024 versus the prior period reflects strong generation of net cash provided by operating activities over the last 12 months in excess of what was necessary to finance net capital expenditures, payment of dividends, and other investing and financing cash needs.
Our material cash requirements for known contractual obligations include capital expenditures, debt, and lease obligations, each of which are discussed in more detail earlier in this report in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and in our 2023 annual report on Form 10-K.
An overview of our cash dividends paid or declared in 2024 and 2023 is contained in Note 3 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


20


NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2024 VERSUS NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth condensed consolidated statements of income information (as a percentage of net sales) for the periods ended September 30:
Nine-month Period
 20242023
Net sales100.0 %100.0 %
Gross profit45.2 %45.7 %
Selling, general, and administrative expenses24.8 %24.7 %
Operating income20.4 %21.0 %
Net interest expense0.0 %-0.1 %
Income before income taxes20.3 %20.9 %
Note – Amounts may not foot due to rounding difference.
Sales
The table below sets forth net sales and daily sales for the periods ended September 30, and changes in such sales from the prior period to the more recent period:
 Nine-month Period
 20242023
Net sales$5,721.5 5,588.1 
Percentage change2.4 %5.7 %
Business days192 191 
Daily sales$29.8 29.3 
Percentage Change1.9 %6.3 %
Daily sales impact of currency fluctuations-0.1 %-0.4 %
Net sales increased $133.4, or 2.4%, in the first nine months of 2024 when compared to the first nine months of 2023. The effect of adverse weather in the first nine months of 2024 was a reduction in sales by 10 to 30 basis points. Changes in foreign exchange rates negatively affected sales in the first nine months of 2024 and 2023 by approximately 10 and 40 basis points, respectively.
Unit sales increased in the first nine months of 2024, which contributed to the increase in net sales in the period. This was primarily due to growth with large customers, both those operating out of Onsite locations that have been opened in the last two years and, to a lesser degree, those being serviced from traditional branch operations. The impact of product pricing on net sales in the first nine months of 2024 was a decline of 10 to 40 basis points, compared to the first nine months of 2023, which experienced an increase of 190 to 220 basis points. The decline reflects lower fastener pricing, as well as lower pricing in certain safety categories. Incremental pricing actions taken over the past twelve months have been modest in scope, resulting in mostly stable price levels throughout the first nine months of 2024.
21

From a product standpoint, we have three categories: fasteners (including fasteners used in OEM and MRO), safety supplies, and other product lines, the latter of which includes eight smaller product categories, such as tools, janitorial supplies, and cutting tools. In the first nine months of 2024, we continued to experience a divergence in the performance of our fastener versus our non-fastener product lines, which we believe primarily relates to three factors. First, fasteners are more heavily oriented toward production of final goods than maintenance, which results in greater susceptibility to periods of weaker industrial production. Second, pricing for fasteners has decelerated at a faster pace than non-fastener products. Third, we continued to experience relatively faster growth with warehousing customers due to market share gains and product mix, which primarily benefits our safety product line. This impact is beginning to moderate as we come up against more difficult comparison periods. The DSR change when compared to the same period in the prior year and the percent of sales in the period were as follows:
DSR Change
Nine-month Period
% of Sales
Nine-month Period
2024202320242023
OEM fasteners-3.1 %6.3 %19.4 %20.4 %
MRO fasteners-5.0 %-5.3 %11.5 %12.4 %
Total fasteners-3.8 %1.6 %30.9 %32.8 %
Safety supplies7.4 %7.6 %22.0 %20.8 %
Other product lines3.5 %9.6 %47.1 %46.4 %
Total non-fasteners4.7 %9.0 %69.1 %67.2 %
From an end market standpoint, we have five categories: heavy manufacturing, other manufacturing, non-residential construction, reseller, and other, the latter of which includes government/education and transportation/warehousing. Our manufacturing end markets are outperforming primarily due to the relative strength we are experiencing with key account customers with significant managed spend where our service model and technology is particularly impactful. This disproportionately benefits manufacturing customers. Other end market sales are improving primarily as a result of strength with warehousing customers due to market share gains and product mix. We believe the weakness in our reseller end market, at least in the latter part of the nine-month period, reflects efforts in many industries to reduce channel inventories. The DSR change when compared to the same period in the prior year and the percent of sales in the period were as follows:
DSR Change
Nine-month Period
% of Sales
Nine-month Period
2024202320242023
Heavy manufacturing1.7 %13.1 %43.2 %43.2 %
Other manufacturing 4.2 %6.5 %32.0 %31.4 %
Total manufacturing2.8 %10.2 %75.2 %74.6 %
Non-residential construction-5.2 %-6.2 %8.6 %9.2 %
Reseller-6.7 %-7.1 %5.4 %5.9 %
Other end markets6.4 %1.5 %10.8 %10.3 %
Total non-manufacturing-0.8 %-3.4 %24.8 %25.4 %
We report our customers in two categories: national accounts, which are customers with significant revenue potential and a national, multi-site contract, and non-national accounts, which include large regional customers, small local customers, and government customers. We continued to experience a significant divergence in the performance of our national account customers versus our non-national account customers, which relates to the relative growth of our sales through Onsite locations and larger, key accounts. The DSR change when compared to the same period in the prior year and the percent of sales in the period were as follows:
DSR Change
Nine-month Period
% of Sales
Nine-month Period
2024202320242023
National accounts5.9 %10.8 %62.7 %59.8 %
Non-national accounts-4.3 %0.6 %37.3 %40.2 %
22

Growth Drivers
The table below summarizes the signings and installations of, and sales through, our FMI devices.
<
Nine-month Period
20242023Change
Weighted FASTBin/FASTVend signings (MEUs)21,194 18,664 13.6 %
Signings per day110 98 
Weighted FASTBin/FASTVend installations (MEUs; end of period)123,193 110,191 11.8 %
FASTStock sales$728.9 708.6 2.9 %
% of sales12.6 %12.5 %
FASTBin/FASTVend sales$1,710.7 1,550.6 10.3 %
% of sales29.5 %27.4