10-K 1 hmnf20221231_10k.htm FORM 10-K ex_478180.htm
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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 10-K

 

☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022
OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the transition period from _____ to ______.

         

Commission file number: 0-24100.

HMN FINANCIAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

41-1777397

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

  

1016 Civic Center Drive Northwest

55901

Rochester, Minnesota

(Zip Code)

(Address of principal executive offices)

 
  

(507) 535-1200

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $.01 per share

HMNF

The Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes ☐ No ☒

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes ☒ No ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer                    ☐
Non-accelerated filer   ☒ Smaller reporting company  ☒
 Emerging growth company  ☐

       

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

 

1
Table of Contents

 

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1 (b). ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

 

As of June 30, 2022, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $84.1 million based on the closing stock price of $23.08 on such date as reported on the Nasdaq Global Market.

 

As of February 28, 2023, the number of outstanding shares of common stock of the registrant was 4,484,614.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

2
Table of Contents

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

PART I

    Page

Item 1.

Business

5

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

26

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

36

Item 2.

Properties

36

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

36

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

37
     

PART II
     

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 37

Item 6.

Reserved

38

Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 38

Item 7A.  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

54

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

54

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

92

Item 9A.  

Controls and Procedures

92

Item 9B. 

Other Information

93

Item 9C. 

Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

93
     
PART III
     

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

93

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

94

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 94

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

94

Item 14.

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

95
     

PART IV
     

Item 15.

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

95

Index to Exhibits   

96

Item 16.   

Form 10-K Summary

97

Signatures

  

98

 

 

3
Table of Contents

 

Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K and other reports filed by HMN Financial, Inc (HMN or the Company) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). These statements are often identified by such forward-looking terminology as “expect,” “estimate,” “intend,” “look,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “project,” “continue,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “target,” “goal,” “should,” and “trend,” or similar statements or variations of such terms and include, but are not limited to, those relating to: the adequacy and amount of available liquidity and capital resources to Home Federal Savings Bank (the Bank); the Company’s liquidity and capital requirements; enacted and expected changes to the federal funds rate and their impact on the rates paid on our interest-bearing liabilities; the impacts of past and ongoing deterioration in economic conditions and efforts to mitigate the same on the general economy, the Bank’s clients, and the allowance for loan losses; the amount of the Bank’s non-performing assets in future periods and the appropriateness of the allowances therefor; the amount and composition of interest earning assets; the anticipated changes in outstanding loan balances; the amount and compositions of non-interest and interest-bearing liabilities; the availability of alternate funding sources; the payment of dividends or repurchases of stock by HMN; the amount of deposits that will be withdrawn from checking and money market accounts and how the withdrawn deposits will be replaced; the projected changes in net interest income based on rate shocks; the range that interest rates may fluctuate over the next twelve months; the net market risk of interest rate shocks; the future outlook for the issuer of the trust preferred securities held by the Bank; the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to HMN; the ability to remain well capitalized; the impact of new accounting pronouncements; and compliance by the Bank with regulatory standards generally (including the Bank’s status as “well-capitalized”) and other supervisory directives or requirements to which the Company or the Bank are or may become expressly subject.

 

A number of factors could cause actual results to differ materially from the Company’s assumptions and expectations. These include but are not limited to potential further deterioration in economic conditions, the adequacy and marketability of real estate and other collateral securing loans to borrowers; federal and state regulation and enforcement; possible legislative and regulatory changes, including changes to regulatory capital rules; the ability of the Bank to comply with other applicable regulatory capital requirements; enforcement activity of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) and the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis in the event of non-compliance with any applicable regulatory standard or requirement; adverse economic, business and competitive developments such as shrinking interest margins, reduced collateral values, deposit outflows, changes in credit or other risks posed by the Company’s loan and investment portfolios; changes in costs associated with traditional and alternate funding sources, including changes in collateral advance rates and policies of the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) and the Federal Reserve Bank; technological, computer-related or operational difficulties including those from any third party cyberattack; results of litigation; reduced demand for financial services and loan products; changes in accounting policies and guidelines, or monetary and fiscal policies of the federal government or tax laws; domestic and international economic developments; the Company’s access to and adverse changes in securities markets; the market for credit related assets; the future operating results, financial condition, cash flow requirements and capital spending priorities of the Company and the Bank; the availability of internal and, as required, external sources of funding; the Company’s ability to attract and retain employees; or other significant uncertainties. Additional factors that may cause actual results to differ from the Company’s assumptions and expectations include those set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. All forward-looking statements are qualified by, and should be considered in conjunction with, such cautionary statements.

 

All statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including forward-looking statements, speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no duty to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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Table of Contents

 

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

General

HMN was incorporated in Delaware in 1994 as a stock savings bank holding company. HMN owns 100 percent of Home Federal Savings Bank. The Bank has a community banking philosophy and operates retail banking and loan production facilities in Minnesota, Iowa and Wisconsin. The Bank has two wholly owned subsidiaries, Osterud Insurance Agency, Inc. (OIA), which does business as Home Federal Investment Services and offers financial planning products and services, and HFSB Property Holdings, LLC (HPH), which is currently inactive, but has acted in the past as an intermediary for the Bank in holding and operating certain foreclosed properties.

 

As a community-oriented financial institution, the Company seeks to serve the financial needs of communities in its market area. The Company’s business involves attracting deposits from the general public and businesses and using such deposits to originate or purchase single family residential, commercial real estate and multi-family mortgage loans as well as consumer, construction and commercial business loans. The Company also invests in mortgage-backed and related securities, U.S. government agency obligations and other permissible investments. The executive offices of the Company are located at 1016 Civic Center Drive Northwest, Rochester, Minnesota 55901. Its telephone number at that address is (507) 535-1200. The Company’s website is www.hmnf.com. Information contained on the Company’s website is expressly not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

Market Area

The Company serves the southern Minnesota counties of Dodge, Fillmore, Freeborn, Houston, Mower, Olmsted, Steele and Winona, and portions of Goodhue and Wabasha through its corporate office located in Rochester, Minnesota and its eleven branch offices located in Albert Lea, Austin, Kasson, La Crescent, Owatonna, Rochester (4), Spring Valley and Winona, Minnesota. The portion of the Company’s southern Minnesota market area consisting of Rochester and the contiguous communities is composed of primarily urban and suburban communities, while the balance of the Company's southern Minnesota market area consists primarily of rural areas and small towns. Primary industries in the Company's southern Minnesota market area include manufacturing, agriculture, health care, wholesale and retail trade, service industries and education. Major employers include the Mayo Clinic, Hormel Foods, Federated Insurance, Fastenal, Viracon, Daikin, Gopher Sport, Cybex and IBM. The Company's market area is also the home of Winona State University, Rochester Community and Technical College, University of Minnesota - Rochester, Winona State University - Rochester Center, Austin’s Riverland Community College, and St. Mary’s University and South Eastern Technical College in Winona.

 

The Company serves Dakota County, in the southern portion of the Minneapolis and St. Paul metropolitan area, from its office located in Eagan, Minnesota. Major employers in this market area include Delta Airlines, Patterson Companies (dental and animal health), UTC (aerospace systems), CHS Cooperative, Flint Hills Resources LP (oil refinery), Unisys Corp (computer software), Twin Cities Orthopedics, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Minnesota and West Group, a Thomson Reuters business (legal research).

 

The Company serves the Iowa county of Marshall through its branch office located in Marshalltown, Iowa. Major employers in the area include Swift & Company (pork processors), Emerson (automation solutions, and commercial and residential solutions), Lennox Industries (furnace and air conditioner manufacturing), Iowa Veterans Home (hospital care), Marshalltown Community School District (education) and UnityPoint Health (hospital care).

 

The Company serves the Wisconsin county of Waukesha through its branch office located in Pewaukee, Wisconsin. Major employers in the area include Kohl’s Department Stores, ProHealth Care, Quad Graphics, Inc. (media services), Froedtert (academic medical center), General Electric Healthcare (medical technologies), Ascension Healthcare, Roundy’s (supermarkets), Aurora Health Care, the School District of Waukesha, Waukesha County Technical College, WE Energies, and Cooper Power.

 

5
Table of Contents

 

Lending Activities

 

General. The Company originates 15 and 30 year fixed rate mortgage loans secured by single family residences and sells the majority of these loans into the secondary market in order to manage its interest rate risk. However, the Company may place some 10 and 15 year fixed rate mortgage loans that are eligible for sale in the secondary market into the loan portfolio from time to time in order to increase the yield earned on the Bank’s interest earning assets. The Company also originates shorter term and generally higher yielding commercial real estate, commercial business and construction loans that it places into its loan portfolio. Some shorter term single family fixed rate mortgage loans and single family adjustable rate mortgage loans are also placed into the loan portfolio. The Company also offers an array of consumer loan products that include both open-end and closed-end home equity loans. Home equity lines of credit have adjustable interest rates based upon the prime rate, as published in the Wall Street Journal, plus a margin. Refer to “Note 5 Loans Receivable, Net” and “Note 6 Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality Information” in Item 8 of Part II in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on the loan portfolio.

 

The following table shows the composition of the Company's loan portfolio by fixed and adjustable rate loans as of December 31:

 

             
   

2022

    

2021

  
                                 

(Dollars in thousands)

  

Amount

    

Percent

    

Amount

    

Percent

  

Fixed Rate Loans

                                

Real estate:

                                

Single family

   $ 120,843       15.34

%

   $ 103,766       15.67

%

Multi-family

     35,348       4.49       26,437       3.99  

Commercial

     211,307       26.82       186,796       28.22  

Construction

     22,371       2.84       27,176       4.11  

Total real estate loans

     389,869       49.49       344,175       51.99  

Non-real estate:

                                

Consumer loans:

                                

Home equity

     6,587       0.84       4,748       0.72  

Recreational vehicle

     7,870       1.00       10,985       1.66  

Other

     4,489       0.57       3,938       0.59  

Total consumer loans

     18,946       2.41       19,671       2.97  

    Commercial business loans

     39,575       5.02       31,630       4.78  

Total non-real estate loans

     58,521       7.43       51,301       7.75  

Total fixed rate loans

     448,390       56.92       395,476       59.74  
                                 

Adjustable Rate Loans

                                

Real estate:

                                

Single family

     85,047       10.79       59,556       9.00  

Multi-family

     18,537       2.35       16,703       2.52  

Commercial

     159,608       20.26       119,694       18.08  

Construction

     24,174       3.07       20,062       3.03  

Total real estate loans

     287,366       36.47       216,015       32.63  
Non-real estate:                                

Consumer loans:

                                

Home equity line

     17,551       2.23       17,467       2.64  

Home equity

     4,278       0.54       2,809       0.42  

Other

     4,042       0.51       1,698       0.26  

Total consumer loans

     25,871       3.28       21,974       3.32  

Commercial business loans

     26,260       3.33       28,535       4.31  

Total non-real estate loans

     52,131       6.61       50,509       7.63  

Total adjustable rate loans

     339,497       43.08       266,524       40.26  

Total loans

     787,887       100.00

%

     662,000       100.00

%

Less:

                                

Unamortized discounts

     13               10          

Net deferred loan fees

     519               209          

Allowance for losses on loans

     10,277               9,279          

Total loans receivable, net

   $ 777,078             $ 652,502          
                                 

 

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Table of Contents

 

The following table illustrates the interest rate and maturities of the Company's loan portfolio by loan category and interest rate type at December 31, 2022. Loans which have adjustable or renegotiable interest rates are shown as maturing in the period during which the contract is due. Scheduled repayments of principal are reflected in the year in which they are scheduled to be paid. The schedule does not reflect the effects of possible prepayments or enforcement of due-on-sale clauses.

                                                         
     

Real Estate

                                                  

(Dollars in thousands)

    

Single family

    

Multi-family and

Commercial

    

Construction and

Development

    

Consumer

    

Commercial Business

    

Total

  

Fixed-rate loans:

                                                                                                  

Due during years ending December 31,

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average

Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

  
                                                                                                   
2023 (1)     $ 7,410       3.70

%

   $ 21,622       4.88

%

   $ 4,746       6.56

%

   $ 4,301       5.74

%

   $ 20,280       4.43

%

   $ 58,359       4.77

%

2024 through 2027

       36,709       3.61       174,577       4.18       4,841       4.30       9,107       5.18       18,366       4.22       243,600       4.14  

2028 through 2037

       50,628       3.31       49,969       3.80       12,784       3.33       5,516       5.73       929       4.24       119,826       3.64  

2038 and thereafter

       26,096       3.45       487       4.52       0       0.00       22       5.81       0       0.00       26,605       3.47  

Total fixed-rate loans

     $ 120,843             $ 246,655             $ 22,371             $ 18,946             $ 39,575             $ 448,390          
                                                                                                   

 

Adjustable-rate loans:

                                                                                                  

Due during years ending December 31,

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average

Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

    

Amount

    

Weighted

Average Rate

  
                                                                                                   
2023 (1)     $ 2,688       3.93

%

   $ 8,197       5.06

%

   $ 17,988       7.10

%

   $ 1,295       6.81

%

   $ 9,038       7.68

%

   $ 39,206       6.58

%

2024 through 2027

       9,336       3.95       59,646       4.99       5,810       7.85       2,769       6.16       13,048       7.83       90,609       5.51  

2028 through 2037

       30,003       3.92       106,905       4.53       376       4.45       18,438       6.09       4,174       4.45       159,896       4.59  

2038 and thereafter

       43,020       3.93       3,397       4.60       0       0.00       3,369       5.25       0       0.00       49,786       4.07  

Total adjustable-rate loans

     $ 85,047             $ 178,145             $ 24,174             $ 25,871             $ 26,260             $ 339,497          

Total

     $ 205,890             $ 424,800             $ 46,545             $ 44,817             $ 65,835             $ 787,887          
                                                                                                   

 

(1)  Includes demand loans, loans having no stated maturity, and overdraft loans.

 

The total amount of loans due after December 31, 2023 which have predetermined interest rates is $390.0 million, while the total amount of loans due after such date that have floating or adjustable interest rates is $300.3 million. Construction and development loans at December 31, 2022 were $28.4 million for single family dwellings, $1.7 million for multi-family and $16.4 million for nonresidential.

 

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Table of Contents

 

The aggregate amount of loans and extensions of credit that the Bank is permitted to make to any one borrower is generally limited to 15% of unimpaired capital and surplus. In addition to the 15% limit, the Bank is permitted to lend an additional amount equal to 10% of unimpaired capital and surplus if the additional amount is fully secured by “readily marketable collateral” having a current market value of at least 100% of the loan or extension of credit. Similarly, the Bank is permitted to lend additional amounts equal to the lesser of 30% of unimpaired capital and surplus, or $30 million, for certain residential development loans. Applicable law establishes a number of rules for combining loans to separate borrowers. Loans or extensions of credit to one person may be attributed to other persons if: (i) the proceeds of a loan or extension of credit are used for the direct benefit of the other person; or (ii) a common enterprise is deemed to exist between persons. At December 31, 2022, based upon the 15% limitation, the Bank's regulatory limit for loans to one borrower was approximately $16.2 million and no loans to any one borrower exceeded this amount. At December 31, 2022, the Bank’s largest aggregate amount of loans to one borrower totaled $15.1 million. All of the loans for the largest borrower were performing in accordance with their terms as of December 31, 2022 and the borrower had no affiliation with the Bank other than their relationship as a customer.

 

All of the Bank's lending is subject to its written underwriting standards and to loan origination procedures. Decisions on loan requests are made on the basis of detailed applications and property valuations determined by an independent appraiser. The loan applications are designed primarily to determine the borrower's ability to repay. The more significant items on the application are verified through the use of credit reports, financial statements, tax returns or confirmations.

 

Single family loans are originated either for inclusion in the loan portfolio under the Bank’s Portfolio First loan program or for sale in the secondary market to the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) on a servicing retained basis or to other third party investors on a servicing released basis. The limit for a retail mortgage originated for sale on the secondary market was $647,200 and $548,250 for 2022 and 2021, respectively, and these loans require the approval of a designated secondary market underwriter.

 

Two levels of approval authority have been established for loans originated under the Portfolio First loan program. The two levels of authority include Approved Portfolio First Lenders and Credit Administration positions with Portfolio First approval authority. Approved Portfolio First Lenders are select mortgage loan officers recommended for the Portfolio First program approval authority by their Market President and are approved by the Chief Credit Officer or Chief Operating Officer. The Credit Administration positions with Portfolio First approval authority include the Director of Retail Lending and Loan Servicing, the Chief Credit Officer, the designated Assistant Vice President (AVP) Credit Administration and the Chief Operating Officer.

 

Loans less than $750,000 require the approval of one of the two designated Credit Administration individuals with Portfolio First approval authority. Loans over $750,000 require the approval of two individuals with Portfolio First approval authority. Loans where the total aggregate amount of all loan obligations owed or guaranteed to the Bank plus the new obligation is greater than $2.5 million require the approval of a majority of the Senior Loan Committee, which is comprised of the Bank’s most experienced lending staff.

 

Loans that meet the underwriting guidelines of secondary market investors are approved by designated Credit Administration positions. The Credit Administration positions with secondary market approval authority include Retail Loan Underwriters, the Director of Retail Lending and Servicing, the Chief Credit Officer and the Chief Operating Officer. Resident, Physician and Professional loan products that fall under the Portfolio First Policy are underwritten by a Retail Loan Underwriter who has the authority to approve these loans. Resident, Physician and Professional loans with exceptions require a second approval from an individual with Portfolio First approval authority. Approval level authorities are granted by the Chief Credit Officer or Chief Operating Officer and confirmed by the Executive Loan Committee on an annual basis. Loans are originated based on the specific guidelines established by the secondary market investor.

 

The Bank generally requires title insurance on its mortgage loans, as well as fire and extended coverage casualty insurance in amounts at least equal to the principal amount of the loan or the value of improvements on the property. The Bank also requires flood insurance to protect the property securing its interest when the property is located in a flood plain.

 

8
Table of Contents

 

Single Family Residential Real Estate Lending. At December 31, 2022, the Company's single family real estate loans, consisting of both fixed rate and adjustable rate loans, totaled $205.9 million, an increase of $42.6 million from $163.3 million at December 31, 2021. The increase in the single family loans in 2022 is the result of an increased emphasis on placing shorter term fixed rate (10 year and certain 15 year loans) and adjustable rate single family loans into the portfolio. The majority of the longer term loans that were originated during the year continued to be sold into the secondary market in order to generate income and to manage the Company’s interest rate risk position.

 

The Company offers conventional fixed rate single family loans that have maximum terms of 30 years. In order to manage interest rate risk, the Company typically sells the majority of fixed rate loan originations with terms to maturity of 15 years or greater that are eligible for sale in the secondary market. The interest rates charged on the fixed rate loan products are based on the secondary market delivery rates, as well as other competitive factors. The Company also originates fixed rate loans with terms up to 30 years that are insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Veteran’s Administration (VA), Minnesota Housing Finance Agency, Iowa Finance Authority, or the United States Department of Agriculture-Guaranteed Housing (RD).

 

The Company also offers one year adjustable rate mortgages (ARMs) at a margin (generally 250 to 300 basis points) over the yield on the Average Weekly One Year U.S. Treasury Constant Maturity Index for terms of up to 30 years. The ARMs offered by the Company allow the borrower to select (subject to pricing) an initial period of one to fifteen years between the loan origination and the date the first interest rate change occurs. The ARMs generally have a 200 basis point annual interest rate change cap and a lifetime cap of 600 basis points over or under the initial rate. The Company’s originated ARMs do not permit negative amortization of principal, generally do not contain prepayment penalties and are not convertible into fixed rate loans. Because of the low interest rate environment that has existed over the last few years, a limited number of ARM loans had been originated prior to 2022 as consumers generally opted for longer term fixed rate loans. Because of the increase in mortgage interest rates during 2022, more adjustable rate loans were originated and placed into the loan portfolio.

 

In underwriting single family residential real estate loans, the Company evaluates the borrower's credit history and ability to make principal, interest and escrow payments; the value of the property that will secure the loan; and debt-to-income ratios. Properties securing single family residential real estate loans made by the Company are appraised by independent appraisers. The Company originates residential mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios up to 100% for owner-occupied homes and up to 85% for nonowner-occupied homes; however, private mortgage insurance is generally required to reduce the Company's exposure to 80% or less of the value on most loans. The Company generally seeks to underwrite its loans in accordance with secondary market, FHA, VA or RD standards. However, the Company does originate some shorter term fixed rate and adjustable rate single family loans for its portfolio that do not meet certain secondary market guidelines.

 

The Company's single family mortgage loans customarily include due-on-sale clauses giving it the right to declare the loan immediately due and payable in the event that, among other things, the borrower sells or otherwise disposes of the property subject to the mortgage.

 

At December 31, 2022, $0.9 million of the single family residential loan portfolio was non-performing, compared to $0.3 million at December 31, 2021.

 

Commercial Real Estate and Multi-Family Lending. The Company originates permanent commercial real estate and multi-family loans secured by properties located primarily in its market area. It also purchases a limited amount of participations in commercial real estate and multi-family loans originated by third parties. The commercial real estate and multi-family loan portfolio includes loans secured by motels, hotels, apartment buildings, townhomes, churches, manufacturing plants, land developments, office buildings, movie theaters, shopping malls, nursing homes, restaurants, warehouses and other non-residential building properties primarily located in the upper Midwestern portion of the United States. At December 31, 2022, the Company’s commercial and multi-family real estate loans totaled $424.8 million, an increase of $75.2 million from $349.6 million at December 31, 2021.

 

9
Table of Contents

 

Permanent commercial real estate and multi-family loans are generally originated for a maximum term of 10 years and may have longer amortization periods with balloon maturity features. The interest rates may be fixed for the term of the loan or have adjustable features that are tied to the prime rate or another published index. Commercial real estate and multi-family loans are generally written in amounts up to 80% of the lesser of the appraised value of the property or the purchase price and generally have a debt service coverage ratio of at least 110%. The debt service coverage ratio is the ratio of net cash from operations to debt service payments. The Company may originate construction loans secured by commercial or multi-family real estate, or may purchase participation interests in third party originated construction loans secured by commercial or multi-family real estate.

 

Appraisals on commercial real estate and multi-family real estate properties are performed by independent appraisers prior to the time the loan is made. For transactions less than $500,000, the Company may use an internal valuation. All appraisals on commercial and multi-family real estate are reviewed and approved by a qualified Bank employee or independent third party. The Bank's underwriting procedures require verification of the borrower's credit history, income, financial statements, banking relationships and income projections for the property. The commercial loan policy generally requires personal guarantees from the proposed borrowers. An initial on-site inspection is generally required for all collateral properties for loans with balances in excess of $250,000. Independent annual reviews are performed for aggregate commercial lending relationships that exceed $500,000. The reviews cover financial performance, documentation completeness and accuracy of loan risk ratings.

 

Multi-family and commercial real estate loans generally present a higher level of risk than loans secured by single family residences. This greater risk is due to several factors, including the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers, the effects of general economic conditions on income producing properties and the increased difficulty of evaluating and monitoring these types of loans. Furthermore, the repayment of loans secured by multi-family and commercial real estate is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate project. If the cash flow from the project is reduced (for example, if leases are not obtained or renewed), the borrower's ability to repay the loan may be impaired. At December 31, 2022, there were no loans in the commercial real estate portfolio that were non-performing, compared to $3.8 million at December 31, 2021. The largest non-performing loan in this category as of December 31, 2021 was a $3.4 million loan relationship in the hospitality industry located in the Bank’s primary market area.

 

Construction Lending. The Company makes construction loans to individuals for the construction of their residences and to builders for the construction of single family residences. It also makes loans to builders for houses built on speculation. Construction loans also include commercial real estate loans.

 

Almost all loans to individuals for the construction of their residences are structured as permanent loans. These loans are made on the same terms as residential loans, except that during the construction phase, which typically lasts up to twelve months, the borrower pays interest only. Generally, the borrower also pays a construction fee at the time of origination plus other costs associated with processing the loan. Residential construction loans are underwritten pursuant to the same guidelines used for originating residential loans on existing properties.

 

Construction loans to builders or developers of single family residences generally carry terms of one year.

 

Construction loans to owner occupants are generally made in amounts up to 95% of the lesser of cost or appraised value, but no more than 90% of the loan proceeds can be disbursed until the building is completed. The Company generally limits the loan-to-value ratios on loans to builders to 80%. Prior to making a commitment to fund a construction loan, the Company requires a valuation of the property, financial data and verification of the borrower's income. The Company obtains personal guarantees for substantially all of its construction loans to builders. Personal financial statements of guarantors are also obtained as part of the loan underwriting process. Construction loans are generally located in the Company's market area.

 

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Construction loans are obtained principally through continued business from builders and developers who have previously borrowed from the Bank, as well as referrals from existing and walk-in clients. The application process includes a submission to the Bank of accurate plans, specifications and costs of the project to be constructed. These items are some of the factors utilized in the determination of the appraised value of the subject property to be built.

 

At December 31, 2022, construction loans totaled $46.5 million, a decrease of $0.7 million from $47.2 million at December 31, 2021. Total construction loans included $28.4 million and $23.3 million of single family residential, $1.7 million and $10.0 million of multi-family residential and $16.4 million and $13.9 million of commercial real estate loans at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The nature of construction loans makes them more difficult to evaluate and monitor than loans on existing buildings. The risk of loss on a construction loan is dependent largely upon the accuracy of the initial estimate of the property's value upon completion of the project, experience of the builder and the estimated cost (including interest) of the project. If the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, the Company may be confronted, at or prior to the maturity of the loan, with a project having a value that is insufficient to assure full repayment or the possibility of having to make substantial investments to complete and sell the project. Because defaults in repayment may not occur during the construction period, it may be difficult to identify problem loans at an early stage. In these cases, the Company may be required to modify the terms of the loan. There were no construction loans in the commercial real estate portfolio that were non-performing at December 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

 

Consumer Lending. The Company originates a variety of consumer loans, including home equity loans (open-end and closed-end), automobile, recreational vehicles, mobile home, lot loans, loans secured by deposit accounts and other loans for household and personal purposes. At December 31, 2022, the Company’s consumer loans totaled $44.8 million, an increase of $3.2 million from $41.6 million at December 31, 2021.

 

Consumer loan terms vary according to the type and value of collateral, length of contract and creditworthiness of the borrower. The Company's consumer loans are made at fixed or adjustable interest rates, with terms up to 20 years for secured loans and up to five years for unsecured loans.

 

The Company's home equity loans are generally written so that the total commitment amount, when combined with the balance of any other outstanding mortgage liens, does not exceed 80% of the appraised value of the property or an internally established market value. Internal market values are established using current market data, including recent sales data, and are typically lower than third party appraised values. The closed-end home equity loans are written with fixed or adjustable rates with terms up to 20 years. The open-end home equity lines are written with an adjustable rate and a 2, 5 or 10 year draw period that requires interest only payments followed by a 10 year repayment period that fully amortizes the outstanding balance. The consumer may access the open-end home equity line by making a withdrawal at the Bank, transferring funds through our online or mobile banking products or writing a check on the home equity line of credit account. Open and closed-end equity loans, which are generally secured by second mortgages on the borrower’s principal residence, represented 63.4% and 60.1% of the Company’s consumer loan portfolio at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

 

The underwriting standards employed by the Company for consumer loans include a determination of the applicant's payment history on other debts and their ability to meet existing obligations and payments on the proposed loan. Although creditworthiness of the applicant is of primary consideration, the underwriting process also includes a comparison of the value of the security, if any, in relation to the proposed loan amount. Consumer loans may entail greater credit risk than do residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case of consumer loans that are unsecured or are secured by rapidly depreciable assets, such as automobiles, recreational vehicles or mobile homes. In these cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance as a result of the greater likelihood of damage, loss or depreciation. In addition, consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower's continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be affected by adverse personal circumstances. Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount that can be recovered on such loans. At December 31, 2022, $0.4 million of the consumer loan portfolio was non-performing, compared to $0.5 million at December 31, 2021.

 

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Commercial Business Lending. The Company maintains a portfolio of commercial business loans to borrowers associated with the real estate industry as well as to retail, manufacturing operations, agricultural operations and professional firms. The Company's commercial business loans generally have terms ranging from six months to five years and may have either fixed or variable interest rates. The Company's commercial business loans generally include personal guarantees and are usually, but not always, secured by business assets such as inventory, equipment, leasehold interests in equipment, fixtures, real estate and accounts receivable. The underwriting process for commercial business loans includes consideration of the borrower's financial statements, tax returns, projections of future business operations and inspection of the subject collateral, if any. The Company may also purchase a limited amount of participation interests in commercial business loans originated outside of the Company’s market area from third party originators. These loans generally have underlying collateral of inventory or equipment and repayment periods of less than ten years. At December 31, 2022, the Company’s commercial business loans totaled $65.8 million, an increase of $5.6 million from $60.2 million at December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to a $4.4 million increase in outstanding secured commercial lines of credit between the periods.

 

Unlike residential mortgage loans, which generally are made on the basis of the borrower's ability to make repayment from his or her income, and which are secured by real property with more easily ascertainable value, commercial business loans are of higher risk and typically are made on the basis of the borrower's ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the borrower's business. As a result, the availability of funds for the repayment of commercial business loans may be substantially dependent on the success of the business itself. Furthermore, the collateral securing the loans may depreciate over time, may be difficult to appraise and may fluctuate in value based on the success of the business. At December 31, 2022, $0.5 million of loans in the commercial business portfolio were non-performing. At December 31, 2021 the amount of non-performing loans in the commercial business portfolio was not material.

 

Originations, Purchases and Sales of Loans and Mortgage-Backed and Related Securities

 

Real estate loans are generally originated by the Company's salaried loan officers. Mortgage and consumer loan officers may also receive a commission in addition to their base salary for meeting production and other branch goals. Loan applications are taken in all branch and loan production offices.

 

The Company originates both fixed and adjustable rate loans, however, its ability to originate loans is dependent upon the relative client demand for loans in its markets. Demand for adjustable rate loans is affected by the interest rate environment. The amount of adjustable rate single family loans increased in 2022 due to an increase in longer term fixed rate mortgage interest rates which made adjustable rate mortgages a more affordable option for some borrowers to purchase a home. The Company originated $28.0 million of single family adjustable rate loans for its portfolio during 2022, an increase of $9.2 million from $18.8 million in 2021. The Company also originated $36.3 million of fixed rate single family loans for its portfolio during 2022, a decrease of $35.8 million from $72.1 million for 2021. The decrease in the amount of fixed rate single family loans that were placed into the loan portfolio during 2022 is primarily the result of selling more 15 year fixed rate mortgage loans, that were eligible for sale, into the secondary market and not placing them into the loan portfolio in order to manage the Company’s interest rate risk.

 

The Company typically focuses its portfolio loan origination efforts on commercial real estate, commercial business and consumer loans because these loans have terms to maturity and adjustable interest rate characteristics that are generally more beneficial to the Company in managing interest rate risk than traditional single family fixed rate conventional loans. The Company originated $249.9 million of multi-family and commercial real estate, commercial business and consumer loans (which excludes commercial real estate loans for construction and development) during 2022, an increase of $10.7 million from originations of $239.2 million for 2021. The increase in originations primarily reflects the $73.2 million increase in originations of commercial real estate loans in 2022 compared to 2021. This increase was partially offset by the $66.4 million decrease in commercial business loans that were originated in 2022 compared to 2021. The decrease in originated commercial business loans was primarily because of the decrease in the loans originated under the Paycheck Protection Program between the periods.

 

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In order to supplement loan demand in the Company's market area and geographically diversify its loan portfolio, the Company purchases participations in real estate loans from selected sellers, from time to time, with yields based upon then-current market rates. The Company reviews and underwrites all loans purchased to ensure that they meet the Company's underwriting standards, and the seller generally continues to service the loans. The Company has generally not experienced higher losses or credit quality issues with purchased participations than other loans originated by the Company. The Company purchased $18.5 million of loans during 2022, an increase of $13.7 million from the $4.8 million purchased during 2021. All of the loans purchased have terms and interest rates that are similar in nature to the Company's originated single family, commercial real estate, construction and development and commercial business portfolios.

 

The Company has mortgage-backed and related securities that are held, based on investment intent, in the available for sale portfolio. The Company acquired mortgage-backed securities of $15.0 million and $188.8 million, respectively, in 2022 and 2021. The decrease in the amount of mortgage-backed securities purchased in 2022 is because of the reduced growth in deposit balances between the periods. Because of the significant increase in deposit balances in 2021, the Bank had excess liquidity that was used to purchase additional investments and in 2022 there was more loan growth and a limited amount of excess liquidity. The Company did not sell any mortgage-backed securities in 2022 or 2021. See “Investment Activities” section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the Company’s investment activity.

 

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The following table shows the loan and mortgage-backed and related securities origination, purchase, acquisition, sale and repayment activities of the Company for the periods indicated.

 

 

LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT

                
   

Year Ended December 31,

  

(Dollars in thousands)

  

2022

    

2021

  

Originations by type

                

Adjustable rate:

                

Real estate:

                

Single family

   $ 28,012       18,817  

Multi-family

     1,913       1,950  

Commercial

     43,277       20,949  

Construction and development

     53,247       34,333  

Non-real estate:

                

Consumer

     16,704       9,984  

Commercial business

     32,839       87,782  

Total adjustable rate

     175,992       173,815  
                 

Fixed rate:

                

Real estate:

                

Single family

     36,343       72,082  

Multi-family

     4,459       10,385  

Commercial

     101,802       50,990  

Construction and development

     19,006       36,536  

Non-real estate:

                

Consumer

     11,901       8,683  

Commercial business

     37,033       48,469  

Total fixed rate

     210,544       227,145  

Total loans originated

     386,536       400,960  
                 

Purchases

                

Real estate:

                

Single family

     0       1,767  

Commercial

     0       1,050  

Construction and development

     15,400       0  

Non-real estate:

                

Commercial business

     3,050       1,950  

Total loans purchased

     18,450       4,767  
                 

Sales, participations and repayments

                

Real estate:

                

Commercial

     19,866       2,421  

Non-real estate:

                

Consumer

     2,623       2,787  

Commercial business

     12,696       49,000  

Total sales

     35,185       54,208  

Transfers to loans held for sale

     14,899       12,971  

Principal repayments

     228,900       329,971  

Total reductions

     278,984       397,150  

Decrease in other items, net

     (115 )     (368 )

Net increase

   $ 125,887       8,209  

 

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LOANS HELD FOR SALE

                
   

Year Ended December 31,

  

(Dollars in thousands)

  

2022

    

2021

  

Originations by type

                

Fixed rate:

                

Real estate:

                

Single family

   $ 71,062       172,779  

Total fixed rate loans originated

     71,062       172,779  
                 

Sales and repayments

                

Real estate:

                

Single family

     76,089       181,113  

Total sales

     76,089       181,113  

Transfers from loans held for investment

     (766 )     (7,764 )

Change in market value/deferred fees

     (3 )     12  

Principal repayments

     3       29  

Total reductions

     75,323       173,390  

Net decrease

   $ (4,261 )     (611 )
                 

MORTGAGE-BACKED AND RELATED SECURITIES

                
   

Year Ended December 31,

  

(Dollars in thousands)

  

2022

    

2021

  

Purchases

                

Fixed rate mortgage-backed securities

   $ 15,043       188,807  

Total purchases

     15,043       188,807  

Decrease in other items, net

     (67,752 )     (44,874 )

Net (decrease) increase

   $ (52,709 )     143,933  
                 

 

Classified Assets and Delinquencies

 

Classification of Assets. Federal regulations require that each savings institution evaluate and classify its assets on a regular basis. In addition, in connection with examinations of savings institutions, the OCC or the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) examiners may identify problem assets and, if appropriate, require them to be classified with an adverse rating. There are three adverse classifications: substandard, doubtful, and loss. Assets classified as substandard have one or more defined weaknesses and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as doubtful have the weaknesses of those classified as substandard, with additional characteristics that make collection in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values questionable, and there is a high possibility of loss. An asset classified as loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as an asset on the balance sheet of the institution is not warranted. Assets classified as substandard or doubtful require the institution to establish prudent specific allowances for loan losses. If an asset, or portion thereof, is classified as a loss, the institution generally charges off such amount. On the basis of management's review of its assets, at December 31, 2022, the Bank classified a total of $15.2 million of its loans and real estate as follows:

 

                               
   

Single

Family

    

Commercial and

Multi-family

    

Consumer

    

Commercial

Business

    

Total

  
                                         

(Dollars in thousands)

                                        

Substandard

   $ 2,067       10,833       387       1,803       15,090  

Doubtful

     47       0       20       0       67  

Loss

     0       0       86       0       86  

Total

   $ 2,114       10,833       493       1,803       15,243  
                                         

 

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The Bank's classified assets consist of non-performing loans and other assets and loans of concern discussed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Item 7 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See “Note 6 Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality Information” in Item 8 of Part II in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on classified assets.

 

Delinquency Procedures. Generally, the following procedures apply to delinquent single family real estate loans. When a borrower fails to make a required payment on a loan, the Company attempts to cure the delinquency by contacting the borrower. A late notice is sent on all loans over 16 days delinquent. Additional written and verbal contacts are made with the borrower between 30 and 60 days after the due date. If the loan is contractually delinquent 90 days, the Company sends a 30-day demand letter to the borrower and after the loan is contractually delinquent 120 days, institutes appropriate action to foreclose on the property. If foreclosed, the property is sold at a sheriff’s sale and may be purchased by the Company. Delinquent commercial real estate and commercial business loans are generally handled in a similar manner. The Company's procedures for repossession and sale of consumer collateral are subject to various requirements under state consumer protection laws.

 

Real estate acquired by the Company as a result of foreclosure is typically classified as real estate in judgment for six to twelve months and thereafter as real estate owned until it is sold. When property is acquired by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, it is recorded as real estate owned at the estimated fair value less the estimated cost of disposition. After acquisition, all costs incurred in maintaining the property are expensed. Costs relating to the development and improvement of the property, however, are capitalized to the extent of fair value less disposition cost.

 

The following table sets forth the Company's loan delinquencies by loan type, amount and percentage of loan category at December 31, 2022 for loans past due 60 days or more.

 

                               
                               
   

Loans Delinquent For:

                          
   

60-89 Days

    

90 Days and Over

    

Total

  

(Dollars in thousands)

  

Number

    

Amount

    

Percent of Loan Category

    

Number

    

Amount

    

Percent of Loan Category

    

Number

    

Amount

    

Percent of Loan Category

  
                                                                         

Single family

     1     $ 145       0.07

%

     5     $ 481       0.23

%

     6     $ 626       0.30

%

Consumer

     5       123       0.27       7       88       0.20       12       211       0.47  

Total

     6     $ 268       0.03

%

     12     $ 569       0.07

%

     18     $ 837       0.11

%
                                                                         

 

Loans delinquent for 90 days and over are generally non-accruing and are included in the Company’s non-performing asset total at December 31, 2022.

 

Investment Activities

 

The Company utilizes the available for sale securities portfolio in virtually all aspects of asset/liability management. In making investment decisions, the Investment-Asset/Liability Committee considers, among other things, the yield and interest rate objectives, the credit risk position and the Bank's liquidity and projected cash flow requirements.

 

Securities. Federally-chartered savings institutions have the authority to invest in various types of liquid assets, including United States Treasury obligations, securities of various federal agencies, certain certificates of deposit of insured banks and savings institutions, certain bankers' acceptances, repurchase agreements and federal funds. Subject to various restrictions, the holding company of a federally-chartered savings institution may also invest its assets in commercial paper, investment grade corporate debt securities and mutual funds whose assets conform to the investments that a federally-chartered savings institution is otherwise authorized to make directly.

 

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The investment strategy of the Company has been directed toward a mix of high-quality government agency obligations with short terms-to-maturity. At December 31, 2022, the Company did not own any investment securities of a single issuer that exceeded 10% of the Company's stockholders’ equity other than U.S. government agency obligations.

 

The Bank invests a portion of its liquid assets in interest-earning overnight deposits of the FHLB of Des Moines and the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Other investments may include high grade municipal bonds, corporate preferred stock, corporate equity securities and medium-term (up to five years) federal agency notes. HMN may invest in the same type of investment securities as the Bank. See “Note 4 Securities Available For Sale” in Item 8 Part II in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Company's securities portfolio.

 

The following table sets forth the composition of the Company's securities portfolio, excluding mortgage-backed and related securities, at the dates indicated.

 

   

December 31, 2022

    

December 31, 2021

  
   

Amortized

    

Adjusted

    

Fair

    

% of

    

Amortized

    

Adjusted

    

Fair

    

% of

  

(Dollars in thousands)

  

Cost

     To    

Value

    

Total

    

Cost

     To    

Value

    

Total

  

Securities available for sale:

                                                                

U.S. Government agency obligations

   $ 54,998       (2,157 )     52,841       67.7

%

   $ 39,991       (281 )     39,710       31.5

%

Corporate preferred stock

     700       (210 )     490       0.6       700       (42 )     658       0.5  

Subtotal

   $ 55,698       (2,367 )     53,331       68.3     $ 40,691       (323 )     40,368       32.0  
                                                                 

Average remaining life of other marketable securities

  

1.39 years

                            

1.98 years

                          
                                                                 

Other interest-earning assets:

                                                                

Cash equivalents

   $ 24,780       0       24,780       31.7     $ 85,804       0       85,804       68.0  

Total

   $ 80,478       (2,367 )     78,111       100.0

%

   $ 126,495       (323 )     126,172       100.0

%
                                                                 

Average remaining life or term to repricing of other marketable securities and cash equivalents

  

0.96 years

                            

0.64 years

                          
                                                             

 

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Table of Contents

 

The composition and maturities of the investment securities portfolio, excluding FHLB stock, equity securities, mortgage-backed and related securities, are indicated in the following table.

 

    December 31, 2022  
   

1 Year or

Less

    

After 1

through 5

Years

    

Over 10

Years

    

Total Securities

  

(Dollars in thousands)

  

Amortized

Cost

    

Amortized

Cost

    

Amortized

Cost

    

Amortized

Cost

    

Adjusted

To

    

Fair
Value

  

Securities available for sale:

                                                

U.S. government agency securities (1)

  $ 20,000       34,998       0       54,998       (2,157 )     52,841  

Corporate preferred stock

     0       0       700       700       (210 )     490  

Total

   $ 20,000       34,998       700       55,698       (2,367 )     53,331  
                                                 

Weighted average yield

     0.22

%

     1.33

%

     6.34

%

     1.00

%

                
                                                 

(1) Callable U.S. government agency securities maturity date based on first available call date that the security is anticipated to be called.

  

 

Mortgage-Backed and Related Securities. In order to supplement loan production and achieve its asset/liability management goals, the Company invests in mortgage-backed and related securities. All of the mortgage-backed and related securities owned by the Company are issued, insured or guaranteed either directly or indirectly by a U.S. government agency or are rated “AA” or higher. The Company had $192.7 million of mortgage-backed and related securities that were all classified as available for sale at December 31, 2022, compared to $245.4 million at December 31, 2021. The Company purchased $15.0 million in mortgage-backed securities in 2022 and $188.8 million were purchased in 2021.

 

The contractual maturities of the mortgage-backed and related securities portfolio without any prepayment assumptions at December 31, 2022 are as follows:

 

   

December 31, 2022

  

(Dollars in thousands)

  

5 Years

or Less

    

5 to 10

Years

    

10 to 20
Years

    

Balance

  

Securities available for sale:

                                

Federal National Mortgage Association

   $ 0       104,936       0       104,936  

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

     1,069       86,647       0       87,716  

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations

     0       0       36       36  

Total

   $ 1,069       191,583       36       192,688  
                                 

Weighted average yield

     2.86

%

     0.98

%

     2.89

%

     0.99

%
                                 

 

At December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any non-agency mortgage-backed or related securities in excess of 10% of its stockholders' equity.

 

Mortgage-backed and related securities can serve as collateral for borrowings and, through sales and repayments, as a source of liquidity. In addition, mortgage-backed and related securities available for sale can be sold to respond to changes in economic conditions.

 

Sources of Funds

 

General. The Bank's primary sources of funds are retail, commercial, Internet and brokered deposits, payments of loan principal, interest earned on loans and securities, repayments and maturities of securities, borrowings and other funds provided from operations.

 

Deposits. The Bank offers a variety of deposit accounts to retail and commercial clients having a wide range of interest rates and terms. The Bank's deposits consist of savings, interest bearing checking, non-interest bearing checking, money market and certificate accounts (including individual retirement accounts). The Bank relies primarily on competitive pricing policies and client service to attract and retain these deposits.

 

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The variety of deposit accounts offered by the Bank has allowed it to be competitive in obtaining funds and to respond with flexibility to changes in consumer demand. As clients become more interest rate conscious, the Bank may become more susceptible to short-term fluctuations in deposit flows. The Bank manages the pricing of its deposits in keeping with its asset/liability management, profitability and growth objectives. Based on its experience, the Bank believes that its savings and checking accounts are relatively stable sources of deposits. However, the ability of the Bank to attract and maintain certificates of deposit and money market accounts, and the rates paid on these deposits, has been and will continue to be significantly affected by market conditions. The increase in deposits in 2022 related primarily to the $45.8 million increase in certificates of deposit and the $8.3 million increase in savings and money market accounts between the periods. These increases were partially offset by the $22.8 million decrease in retail and commercial checking accounts between the periods.

 

The following table sets forth the deposit flows at the Bank during the periods indicated.

 

   

Year Ended December 31,

  

(Dollars in thousands)

  

2022

    

2021

  

Opening balance

   $ 950,666       795,204  

Deposits

     6,709,342       6,910,888  

Withdrawals

     (6,678,641 )     (6,756,981 )

Interest credited

     559       1,555  

Ending balance

     981,926       950,666  

Net increase

   $ 31,260       155,462  

Percent change

     3.29

%

     19.55

%
                 

 

The following table shows rate and maturity information for the Bank’s certificates of deposit as of December 31, 2022.

                                                     
                                                     

(Dollars in thousands)

    

0.00-

0.99%

      

1.00-

1.99%

      

2.00-

2.99%

      

3.00-

3.99%

      

4.00-

4.99%

    

Total

    

Percent
of Total

  

Certificate accounts maturing in quarter ending:

                                                        

March 31, 2023

   $ 12,936       847       265       0       0       14,048       10.64

%

June 30, 2023

     11,294       692       27       0       249       12,262       9.29  

September 30, 2023

     10,334       2,780       0       20       4,997       18,131       13.74  

December 31, 2023

     6,876       1,732       1,038       1,162       17,488       28,296       21.45  

March 31, 2024

     2,001       101       938       2,655       30       5,725       4.34  

June 30, 2024

     2,839       225       308       0       14,779       18,151       13.76  

September 30, 2024

     2,661       677       932       1,015       0       5,285       4.01  

December 31, 2024

     662       269       0       0       17,469       18,400       13.95  

March 31, 2025

     966       271       0       0       250       1,487       1.13  

June 30, 2025

     1,215       93       0       0       249       1,557       1.18  

September 30, 2025

     333       10       13       416       0       772       0.58  

December 31, 2025

     341       0       0       225       5,720       6,286       4.76  

Thereafter

     1,187       352       0       0       0       1,539       1.17  

Total

   $ 53,645       8,049       3,521       5,493       61,231       131,939       100.00

%
                                                         

Percent of total

     40.66

%

     6.10

%

     2.67

%

     4.16

%

     46.41

%

     100.00

%

        
                                                         

 

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The following table indicates the amount of the Bank's certificates of deposit and other deposits by time remaining until maturity as of December 31, 2022.

 

               
   

Maturity

          

(Dollars in thousands)

  

3 Months

or Less

    

Over

3 to 6

Months

    

Over

6 to 12

Months

    

Over

12

Months

    

Total

  

Certificates of deposit less than $250,000

   $ 12,288       11,531       40,707       56,925       121,451  

Certificates of deposit of $250,000 or more

     537       252       5,189       2,052       8,030  

Public funds less than $250,000(1)

     1,223       479       531       225       2,458  

Total certificates of deposit

   $ 14,048       12,262       46,427       59,202       131,939