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Investments Biotechnology Tools and Alamar Biosciences, Inc., Senior Secured, June 2026, Prime + 3.00%, Floor rate 6.50%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 5.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Biotechnology Tools and PathAI, Inc., Senior Secured, January 2027, Prime + 2.15%, Floor rate 9.15%, 9.81% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Biotechnology Tools (2.66%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Biotechnology Tools (2.02%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Communications and Networking and Aryaka Networks, Inc., Senior Secured, July 2026, Prime + 3.25%, Floor rate 6.75%, PIK Interest 1.05%, 3.55% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Communications and Networking and Cytracom Holdings LLC, Senior Secured, February 2025, 3-month SOFR + 9.72%, Floor rate 10.62%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Subtotal: Communications & Networking (1.62%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Altumint, Inc., Senior Secured, December 2027, Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 12.15%, 2.50% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and AppDirect, Inc., Senior Secured, April 2026, Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, 7.12% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Senior Secured, December 2024, Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.45%, 4.95% Exit Fee2023-12-31iso4217:GBP0001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Houzz, Inc., Convertible Debt, May 2028, PIK Interest 8.50%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Jobandtalent USA, Inc., Senior Secured, February 2025, 1-month SOFR + 8.86% Floor rate 9.75%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Plentific Ltd, Senior Secured, October 2026, Prime + 2.55%, Floor rate 11.05%, 2.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Provi, Senior Secured, December 2026, Prime + 4.40%, Floor rate 10.65%, 2.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Senior Secured, June 2024, Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 2.25%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Riviera Partners LLC, Senior Secured, April 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.26%, Floor rate 9.26%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and RVShare, LLC, Senior Secured, December 2026, 3-month SOFR + 5.50%, Floor rate 6.50%, PIK Interest 4.00%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and SeatGeek, Inc., Senior Secured, May 2026, Prime + 7.00%, Floor rate 10.50%, PIK Interest 0.50%, 4.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Seat Geek, Inc., Senior Secured, July 2026, Prime + 2.50%, Floor rate 10.75%, PIK Interest 0.50%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Total SeatGeek, Inc., Senior Secured2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Senior Secured, November 2026, Prime + 2.75%, Floor rate 9.25%, PIK Interest 1.75%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Senior Secured, July 2024, FIXED 8.25%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Thumbtack, Inc., Senior Secured, April 2026, Prime + 4.95%, Floor rate 8.20%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 3.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Udacity, Inc., Senior Secured, September 2024, Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 7.75%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Veem, Inc., Senior Secured, March 2025, Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 7.25%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 4.50% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Veem, Inc., Senior Secured, March 2025, Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 4.50% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Total Veem, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Senior Secured, February 2025, 3-month SOFR + 9.40%, Floor rate 10.25%, 3.20% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Senior Secured, February 2025, 1-month SOFR + 9.35%, Floor rate 10.25%, 3.20% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Total Worldremit Group Limited2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services (28.24%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC), Unsecured, Maturity Date September 2026, FIXED 11.50%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC), UnSecured, Maturity Date September 2026, FIXED + 11.95%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services and Hercules Adviser LLC, Unsecured, Maturity Date June 2025, FIXED 5.00%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services and Next Insurance, Inc, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2028, Prime + -1.50%, Floor rate 4.75%, PIK Interest 5.50%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services (3.17%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Akero Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2027, Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 7.65%, 5.85% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2024, Prime + 3.10%, Floor rate 8.60%, 8.90% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Alladapt Immunotherapeutics Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 8.40%, Cap rate 10.90%, 5.30% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and AmplifyBio, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2027, Prime + 2.50%, Floor rate 9.50%, Cap rate 10.75%, 5.85% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and ATAI Life Sciences N.V. Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2026, Prime + 4.55%, Floor rate 8.55%, 6.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2028 Prime + 2.20%, Floor rate 9.95%, Cap rate 10.70%, 5.78% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Bicycle Therapeutics PLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2025, Prime + 4.55%, Floor rate 8.05%, Cap rate 9.05%, 5.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and BiomX, INC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2025, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 6.55% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Braeburn, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date October2028, Prime + 2.45%, Floor rate 10.95%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 5.45% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Braeburn, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2028, Prime + 2.45%, Floor rate 10.95%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 5.45% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and BridgeBio Pharma, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2026, FIXED 9.00%, 2.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Cellarity, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2026, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 3.75% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and COMPASS Pathways plc Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, Prime + 1.50%, Floor rate 9.75%, PIK Interest 1.40%, 4.75% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Corium, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 7.75% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Curevo, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2027 Prime + 1.70%, Floor rate 9.70%, 6.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Eloxx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2025, Prime + 6.25%, Floor rate 9.50%, 6.55% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and enGene, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2028, Prime + 0.75%, Floor rate 9.25%, Cap rate 9.75%, PIK Interest 1.15%, 5.50% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and G1 Therapeutics, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2026, Prime + 5.65%, Floor rate 9.15%, 11.41% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Geron Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2025, Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 6.55% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Gritstone Bio, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, Prime + 3.15%, Floor rate 7.15%, Cap rate 8.65%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 5.75% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Heron Therapeutics, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2026, Prime + 1.70%, Floor rate 9.95%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Hibercell, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2025, Prime + 5.40%, Floor rate 8.65%, 4.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and HilleVax, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2027, Prime + 1.05%, Floor rate 4.55%, Cap rate 6.05%, PIK Interest 2.85%, 7.15% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Kura Oncology, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2027, Prime + 2.40%, Floor rate 8.65%, 15.13% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Locus Biosciences, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2025, Prime + 6.10%, Floor rate 9.35%, 4.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2026, Prime + 2.45%, Floor rate 8.25%, 5.35% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2027, Prime + 1.35%, Floor rate 9.85%, PIK Interest 2.15%, 7.29% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2026, Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 7.50%, 3.80% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Replimune Group, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2026, Prime + 1.75%, Floor rate 7.25%, Cap rate 9.00%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 4.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2027, Prime + 4.45%, Floor rate 8.45%, Cap rate 11.45%, 4.75% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and TG Therapeutics, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2026, Prime + 1.20%, Floor rate 8.95%, PIK Interest 2.25%, 5.69% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and uniQure B.V., Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2027, Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, 6.10% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2024, Prime + 6.45%, Floor rate 9.70%, 3.85% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Verona Pharma, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2028, 1-month SOFR + 5.85%, Floor rate 11.19%, Cap rate 13.19%, 3.50% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Viridian Therapeutics, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2026, Prime + 4.20%, Floor rate 7.45%, Cap rate 8.95%, 6.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2026, Prime + 3.15%, Floor rate 10.15%, 3.80% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development (66.60%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2026, Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.00%, 4.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware (1.05%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Better Therapeutics, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2025, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 5.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Blue Sprig Pediatrics, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2026, 1-month SOFR + 5.11%, Floor rate 6.00%, PIK Interest 4.45%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Carbon Health Technologies, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2025, Prime + 5.60%, Floor rate 8.85%, 4.61% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Equality Health, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2026, Prime + 6.25%, Floor rate 9.50%, PIK Interest 1.55%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Main Street Rural, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, Prime + 1.95%, Floor rate 9.95%, 6.85% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Modern Life, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2027, Prime + 2.75%, Floor rate 8.75%, 5.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Recover Together, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, Prime + 1.90%, Floor rate 10.15%, 7.50% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Strive Health Holdings, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2027, Prime + 0.70%, Floor rate 9.20%, 5.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Vida Health, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, 9.20% + Lower of (Prime - 3.25%) or 1.00%, Floor rate 9.20%, Cap rate 10.20%, 4.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784srt:MinimumMemberDebt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Vida Health, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, 9.20% + Lower of (Prime - 3.25%) or 1.00%, Floor rate 9.20%, Cap rate 10.20%, 4.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other (16.56%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services and Capella Space Corp., Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2025, Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 7.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services and Checkr Group, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2028, Prime + 1.45%, Floor rate 8.00%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 2.75% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services and Saama Technologies, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, Prime + 0.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 2.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services and Signal Media Limited, Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2025, Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, Cap rate 12.00%, 3.45% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services and Yipit, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, 1-month SOFR + 8.45%, Floor rate 9.35%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services (6.65%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Manufacturing Technology and Bright Machines, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2025, Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 9.50%, 5.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Manufacturing Technology (0.44%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 4.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2025, Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2025, Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2026, Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Media/Content/Info and Total Fever Labs, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Media/Content/Info (0.69%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Senseonics Holdings, Inc. Maturity Date September 2027, Prime + 1.40%, Floor rate 9.90%, 6.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Medical Devices & Equipment (1.20%) 2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, 3-month SOFR + 9.70%, Floor rate 10.60%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, 3-month SOFR + 6.88%, Floor rate 7.78%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Agilence, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2026, 1-month BSBY + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Alchemer LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2028, 1-month SOFR + 8.14%, Floor rate 9.14%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Allvue Systems, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2029, 6-month SOFR + 7.25%, Floor rate 8.25%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Annex Cloud, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2027, 1-month BSBY + 9.41%, Floor rate 10.41%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Automation Anywhere, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2027, Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 9.00%, 4.50% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Babel Street, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2027, 3-month SOFR + 7.89%, Floor rate 8.89%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Brain Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2026, Prime + 3.70%, Floor rate 9.20%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 3.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Campaign Monitor Limited, Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2025, 3-month SOFR + 9.05%, Floor rate 9.90%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Catchpoint Systems, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2025, 3-month SOFR + 9.41%, Floor rate 11.81%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Ceros, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, 6-month LIBOR + 8.99%, Floor rate 9.89%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Constructor Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, 1-month SOFR + 8.44%, Floor rate 9.44%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Convoy, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, Prime + 3.20%, Floor rate 6.45%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 4.55% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Copper CRM, Inc, Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2025, Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.25%, Cap rate 10.25%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 3.96% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Cutover, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2025, Prime + 5.20%, Floor rate 9.95%, 4.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Cybermaxx Intermediate Holdings, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2026, 6-month SOFR + 8.63%, Floor rate 9.38%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Cybermaxx Intermediate Holdings, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2026, 6-month SOFR + 12.36%, Floor rate 13.11%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Cybermaxx Intermediate Holdings, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Dashlane, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2025, Prime + 3.05%, Floor rate 11.55%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 7.26% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Dispatch Technologies, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2028, 3-month SOFR + 8.01%, Floor rate 8.76%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and DroneDeploy, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2026, Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, 4.00% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Eigen Technologies Ltd., Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2025, Prime + 5.10%, Floor rate 8.35%, 2.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Elation Health, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 9.00%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 3.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Enmark Systems, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, 3-month SOFR + 6.73%, Floor rate 7.73%, PIK Interest 2.13%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Flight Schedule Pro, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2027, 1-month SOFR + 7.80%, Floor rate 8.70%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Fortified Health Security, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2027, 6-month SOFR + 7.64%, Floor rate 8.54%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and iGrafx,LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2027, 1-month SOFR + 8.66%, Floor rate 9.56%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Ikon Science Limited, Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2024, 3-month SOFR + 9.26%, Floor rate 10.00%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Khoros (p.k.a Lithium Technologies), Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2025, 3-month SOFR + 4.50%, Floor rate 5.50%, PIK Interest 4.50%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Leapwork ApS., Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2026, Prime + 0.25%, Floor rate 7.25%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 2.70% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and LinenMaster, LLC., Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2028 1-month SOFR + 6.25%, Floor rate 7.25%, PIK Interest 2.15%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Loftware, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2028, 3-month SOFR + 7.88%, Floor rate 8.88%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and LogicSource, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.93%, Floor rate 9.93%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Mobile Solutions Services, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2025, 3-month SOFR + 9.31%, Floor rate 10.06%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Mobile Solutions Services, Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2030, 3-month SOFR + 6.75%, Floor rate 7.75%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Omeda Holdings, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.05%, Floor rate 9.05%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Onna Technologies, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, Prime + 1.35%, Floor rate 8.85%, PIK Interest, 1.75%, 4.45% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Salary.com, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.00%, Floor rate 9.00%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and ShadowDragon, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2026, 6-month SOFR + 9.01%, Floor rate 9.91%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Simon Data, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2027, Prime + 1.00%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 2.92% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Sisense Ltd., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, Prime + 1.50%, Floor rate 9.50%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 5.95% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Streamline Healthcare Solutions, Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2028, 1-month SOFR + 7.25%, Floor rate 8.25%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Sumo Logic, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2030, 3-month SOFR + 6.50%, Floor rate 7.50%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Suzy, Inc.., Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2027, Prime + 1.75%, Floor rate 10.00%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 3.45% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and ThreatConnect, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2026, 6-month SOFR + 9.25%, Floor rate 10.00%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Tipalti Solutions Ltd., Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2027, Prime + 0.45%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 3.75% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Zappi, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.03%, Floor rate 9.03%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Zimperium, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.31%, Floor rate 9.31%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software (40.39%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Ampion, PBC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2025, Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.45%, 3.78% Exit Fee2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pineapple Energy LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2027, FIXED 10.00%2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.31%)2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments (169.59%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Fabletics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Fabletics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Fabletics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/16/2013, Series Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Fabletics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/16/2013, Series Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Fabletics, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Grove Collaborative, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2021, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Grove Collaborative, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2021, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Savage X Holding, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Class A Units2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Savage X Holding, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Class A Units2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and TFG Holding, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and TFG Holding, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products (0.13%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/15/2021, Series Preferred Series D-42023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/15/2021, Series Preferred Series D-42023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and DoorDash, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/20/2018, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and DoorDash, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/20/2018, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Lyft, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/26/2018, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Lyft, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/26/2018, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Nerdy Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/17/2021, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Nerdy Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/17/2021, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and OfferUp, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/25/2016, Series Preferred Series A2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and OfferUp, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/25/2016, Series Preferred Series A2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and OfferUp, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/25/2016, Series Preferred Series A-12023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and OfferUp, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/25/2016, Series Preferred Series A-12023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Total OfferUp, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Oportun, Equity, Acquisition Date 6/28/2013, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Oportun, Equity, Acquisition Date 6/28/2013, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Reischling Press, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/31/2020, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Reischling Press, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/31/2020, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/24/2022, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/24/2022, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 5/23/2018, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 5/23/2018, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 6/6/2016, Series Preferred Series BB2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 6/6/2016, Series Preferred Series BB2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/29/2023, Series Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/29/2023, Series Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Total Tectura Corporation2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services (0.70%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC), Equity, Acquisition Date 3/1/2018, Series Member Units2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC), Equity, Acquisition Date 3/1/2018, Series Member Units2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Hercules Adviser LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/26/2021, Series Member Units2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Hercules Adviser LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/26/2021, Series Member Units2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Newfront Insurance Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/30/2021, Series Preferred Series D-22023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Newfront Insurance Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/30/2021, Series Preferred Series D-22023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services (3.17%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and Aytu BioScience, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/28/2014, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and Aytu BioScience, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/28/2014, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and BioQ Pharma Incorporated, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/8/2015, Series Preferred Series D2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and BioQ Pharma Incorporated, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/8/2015, Series Preferred Series D2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/6/2015, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/6/2015, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and Talphera, Inc (p.k.a. AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ), Equity, Acquisition Date 12/10/2018, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and Talphera, Inc (p.k.a. AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ), Equity, Acquisition Date 12/10/2018, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery (0.00%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Avalo Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, 8/19/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Avalo Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, 8/19/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, 5/9/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, 5/9/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Bicycle Therapeutics PLC, Equity, 10/5/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Bicycle Therapeutics PLC, Equity, 10/5/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and BridgeBio Pharma, Inc., Equity, 6/21/2018, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and BridgeBio Pharma, Inc., Equity, 6/21/2018, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Cyclo Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Applied Molecular Transport), Equity, 4/6/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Cyclo Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Applied Molecular Transport), Equity, 4/6/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Dare Biosciences, Inc., Equity, 1/8/2015, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Dare Biosciences, Inc., Equity, 1/8/2015, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Dynavax Technologies, Equity, 7/22/2015, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Dynavax Technologies, Equity, 7/22/2015, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Gritstone Bio, Inc., Equity, 10/26/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Gritstone Bio, Inc., Equity, 10/26/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Heron Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, 7/25/2015, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Heron Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, 7/25/2015, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Hibercell, Inc., Equity, 5/7/2021, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Hibercell, Inc., Equity, 5/7/2021, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and HilleVax, Inc., Equity, 5/3/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and HilleVax, Inc., Equity, 5/3/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Humanigen, Inc., Equity, 3/31/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Humanigen, Inc., Equity, 3/31/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Kura Oncology, Inc., Equity, 6/16/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Kura Oncology, Inc., Equity, 6/16/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc., Equity, 9/29/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc., Equity, 9/29/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and NorthSea Therapeutics, Equity, 12/15/2021, Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and NorthSea Therapeutics, Equity, 12/15/2021, Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, 6/9/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, 6/9/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., Equity, 8/22/2007, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., Equity, 8/22/2007, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Savara, Inc., Equity, 8/11/2015, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Savara, Inc., Equity, 8/11/2015, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Sio Gene Therapies, Inc., Equity, 2/2/2017, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Sio Gene Therapies, Inc., Equity, 2/2/2017, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, 5/5/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, 5/5/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and uniQure B.V., Equity, 1/31/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and uniQure B.V., Equity, 1/31/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Equity, 12/11/2020, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Equity, 12/11/2020, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC., Equity, 10/31/2022, Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC., Equity, 10/31/2022, Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Total Valo Health, LLC2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Verge Analytics, Inc., Equity, 9/6/2023, Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Verge Analytics, Inc., Equity, 9/6/2023, Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Viridian Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, 11/6/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Viridian Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, 11/6/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, 11/26/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, 11/26/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development (2.47%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/17/2022, Series Preferred Series F2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/17/2022, Series Preferred Series F2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Skydio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/8/2022, Series Preferred Series E2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Skydio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/8/2022, Series Preferred Series E2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware (0.05%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other and 23andMe, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/11/2019, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other and 23andMe, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/11/2019, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Carbon Health Technologies, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/30/2021, Series Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Carbon Health Technologies, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/30/2021, Series Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other (0.05%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Planet Labs, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/21/2019, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Planet Labs, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/21/2019, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Yipit, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/30/2021, Series Preferred Series E2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Yipit, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/30/2021, Series Preferred Series E2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services (0.35%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Coronado Aesthetics, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/15/2021, Series Common Units2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Coronado Aesthetics, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/15/2021, Series Common Units2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Coronado Aesthetics, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/15/2021, Series Preferred Series A-22023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Coronado Aesthetics, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/15/2021, Series Preferred Series A-22023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment, Total Coronado Aesthetics, LLC2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment (0.01%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Semiconductors and Achronix Semiconductor Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 7/1/2011, Series Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Semiconductors and Achronix Semiconductor Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 7/1/2011, Series Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Semiconductors (0.02%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 8/9/2021, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 8/9/2021, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Black Crow AI, Inc. affiliates, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/24/2021, Series Preferred Note2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Black Crow AI, Inc. affiliates, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/24/2021, Series Preferred Note2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and CapLinked, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/26/2012, Series Preferred Series A-32023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and CapLinked, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/26/2012, Series Preferred Series A-32023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Contentful Global, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/22/2020, Series Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Contentful Global, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/22/2020, Series Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Contentful Global, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/20/2018, Series Preferred Series D2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Contentful Global, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/20/2018, Series Preferred Series D2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software, Total Contentful Global, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Docker, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/29/2018, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Docker, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/29/2018, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Druva Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/22/2015, Series Preferred Series 22023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Druva Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/22/2015, Series Preferred Series 22023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Druva Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/24/2017, Series Preferred Series 32023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Druva Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/24/2017, Series Preferred Series 32023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software, Total Druva Holdings, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and HighRoads, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/18/2013, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and HighRoads, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/18/2013, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Leapwork ApS., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/25/2023, Series Preferred Series B22023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Leapwork ApS., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/25/2023, Series Preferred Series B22023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Lightbend, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/4/2020, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Lightbend, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/4/2020, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Nextdoor.com, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Nextdoor.com, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Palantir Technologies, Equity, Acquisition Date 9/23/2020, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Palantir Technologies, Equity, Acquisition Date 9/23/2020, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and SingleStore, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/25/2020, Series Preferred Series E2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and SingleStore, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/25/2020, Series Preferred Series E2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and SingleStore, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/12/2021, Series Preferred Series F2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and SingleStore, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/12/2021, Series Preferred Series F2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software, Total SingleStore, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Verana Health, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/8/2021, Series Preferred Series E2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Verana Health, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/8/2021, Series Preferred Series E2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and ZeroFox, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/7/2020, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and ZeroFox, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/7/2020, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software (1.27%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/13/2012, Series Preferred Series C-12023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/13/2012, Series Preferred Series C-12023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Impossible Foods, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/10/2019, Series Preferred Series E-12023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Impossible Foods, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/10/2019, Series Preferred Series E-12023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Modumetal, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/1/2015, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Modumetal, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/1/2015, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and NantEnergy, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 8/31/2013, Series Common Units2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and NantEnergy, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 8/31/2013, Series Common Units2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pineapple Energy LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/10/2020, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pineapple Energy LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/10/2020, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pivot Bio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/28/2021, Series Preferred Series D2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pivot Bio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/28/2021, Series Preferred Series D2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Proterra, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/28/2015, Series Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Proterra, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/28/2015, Series Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.22%)2023-12-310001280784Equity Investments (8.44%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools and Alamar Biosciences, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/21/2022, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools and Alamar Biosciences, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/21/2022, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools and PathAI, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/23/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools and PathAI, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/23/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools (0.02%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Communications & Networking and Aryaka Networks, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/28/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Communications & Networking and Aryaka Networks, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/28/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Communications & Networking (0.01%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Gadget Guard, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/3/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Gadget Guard, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/3/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and The Neat Company, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/13/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and The Neat Company, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/13/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Whoop, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/27/2018, Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Whoop, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/27/2018, Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products (0.02%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/14/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/14/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Houzz, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/29/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Houzz, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/29/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Landing Holdings Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/12/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Landing Holdings Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/12/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Lendio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/29/2019, Preferred Series D2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Lendio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/29/2019, Preferred Series D2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Plentific Ltd, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/3/2023, Ordinary shares2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Plentific Ltd, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/3/2023, Ordinary shares2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Provi, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/22/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Provi, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/22/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/12/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/12/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and SeatGeek, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/12/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and SeatGeek, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/12/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/14/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/14/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/23/2019, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/23/2019, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Total Skyword, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/20/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/20/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2016, Preferred Series A2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2016, Preferred Series A2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Total Snagajob.com, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Thumbtack, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/1/2018, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Thumbtack, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/1/2018, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Udacity, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/25/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Udacity, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/25/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Veem, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Veem, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/11/2021, Preferred Series D2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/11/2021, Preferred Series D2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/27/2021, Preferred Series E2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/27/2021, Preferred Series E2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Total Worldremit Group Limited2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services (0.23%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Diversified Financial Services and Next Insurance, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/3/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Diversified Financial Services and Next Insurance, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/3/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Diversified Financial Services (0.03%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and Aerami Therapeutics Holdings, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/1/2016, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and Aerami Therapeutics Holdings, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/1/2016, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and BioQ Pharma Incorporated, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/27/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and BioQ Pharma Incorporated, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/27/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/28/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/28/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery (0.00%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and ADMA Biologics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/24/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and ADMA Biologics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/24/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Akero Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/15/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Akero Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/15/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784 Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and AmplifyBio, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/27/2022, Class A Units2023-01-012023-12-310001280784 Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and AmplifyBio, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/27/2022, Class A Units2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/25/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/25/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Cellarity, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/8/2021, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Cellarity, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/8/2021, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Century Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/14/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Century Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/14/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and COMPASS Pathways plc, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2023, Ordinary Shares2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and COMPASS Pathways plc, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2023, Ordinary Shares2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Curevo, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/9/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Curevo, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/9/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Dermavant Sciences Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/31/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Dermavant Sciences Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/31/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and enGene,Inc, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/22/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and enGene,Inc, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/22/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Evofem Biosciences, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/11/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Evofem Biosciences, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/11/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Fresh Tracks Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Brickell Biotech, Inc.), Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/18/2016, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Fresh Tracks Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Brickell Biotech, Inc.), Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/18/2016, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Heron Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/9/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Heron Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/9/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Kineta, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/20/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Kineta, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/20/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Kura Oncology, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/2/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Kura Oncology, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/2/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/9/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/9/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/17/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/17/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/23/2022, Preferred Series E2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/23/2022, Preferred Series E2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Scynexis, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/14/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Scynexis, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/14/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and TG Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/28/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and TG Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/28/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/15/2020, Common Units2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/15/2020, Common Units2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/18/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/18/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development (0.46%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and 908 Devices, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/15/2017, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and 908 Devices, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/15/2017, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/21/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/21/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and Skydio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/08/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and Skydio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/08/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware (0.02%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Modern Life, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/30/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Modern Life, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/30/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Recover Together, Inc.., Warrant, Acquisition Date 7/3/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Recover Together, Inc.., Warrant, Acquisition Date 7/3/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Strive Health Holdings, LLC., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/28/2023, Common Units2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Strive Health Holdings, LLC., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/28/2023, Common Units2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Vida Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/28/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Vida Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/28/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other (0.03%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and Capella Space Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/21/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and Capella Space Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/21/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and INMOBI Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/19/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and INMOBI Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/19/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and NetBase Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/22/2017, Preferred Series 12023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and NetBase Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/22/2017, Preferred Series 12023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and Signal Media Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/29/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and Signal Media Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/29/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services (0.03%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and Bright Machines, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and Bright Machines, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and MacroFab, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/23/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and MacroFab, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/23/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and Xometry, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/9/2018, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and Xometry, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/9/2018, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology (0.17%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/30/2022, Preferred Series E-12023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/30/2022, Preferred Series E-12023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Media/Content/Info (0.01%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Intuity Medical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/29/2017, Preferred Series B-12023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Intuity Medical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/29/2017, Preferred Series B-12023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Outset Medical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/27/2013, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Outset Medical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/27/2013, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Senseonics Holdings, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/8/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Senseonics Holdings, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/8/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Tela Bio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2017, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Tela Bio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2017, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment (0.01%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Semiconductors and Achronix Semiconductor Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/26/2015, Preferred Series D-22023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Semiconductors and Achronix Semiconductor Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/26/2015, Preferred Series D-22023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Semiconductors (0.04%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Aria Systems, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/22/2015, Preferred Series G2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Aria Systems, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/22/2015, Preferred Series G2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Automation Anywhere, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/23/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Automation Anywhere, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/23/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Bitsight Technologies, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/18/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Bitsight Technologies, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/18/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Brain Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/4/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Brain Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/4/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and CloudBolt Software, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and CloudBolt Software, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cloudian, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/6/2018, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cloudian, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/6/2018, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cloudpay, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/10/2018, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cloudpay, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/10/2018, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Couchbase, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/25/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Couchbase, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/25/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cutover, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/21/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cutover, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/21/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Dashlane, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/11/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Dashlane, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/11/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Delphix Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/8/2019, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Delphix Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/8/2019, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Demandbase, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/2/2021, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Demandbase, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/2/2021, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and DNAnexus, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/21/2014, Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and DNAnexus, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/21/2014, Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Dragos, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/28/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Dragos, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/28/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and DroneDeploy, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and DroneDeploy, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Eigen Technologies Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/13/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Eigen Technologies Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/13/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Elation Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/12/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Elation Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/12/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and First Insight, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/10/2018, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and First Insight, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/10/2018, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Fulfil Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 7/29/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Fulfil Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 7/29/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Kore.ai, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2023, Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Kore.ai, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2023, Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Leapwork ApS, Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/23/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Leapwork ApS, Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/23/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Lightbend, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/14/2018, Preferred Series D2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Lightbend, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/14/2018, Preferred Series D2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Mixpanel, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Mixpanel, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Onna Technologies, Inc., Warrant 7/5/2023 Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Onna Technologies, Inc.Warrant 7/5/2023 Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Poplicus, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/28/2014, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Poplicus, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/28/2014, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Reltio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2020, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Reltio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2020, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Simon Data, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/22/2023, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Simon Data, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/22/2023, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and SingleStore, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/28/2020, Preferred Series D2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and SingleStore, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/28/2020, Preferred Series D2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Sisense Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/28/2023, Ordinary Shares2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Sisense Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/28/2023, Ordinary Shares2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Suzy, Inc. Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/24/2023 Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Suzy, Inc. Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/24/2023 Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and The Faction Group LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/3/2014, Preferred Series AA2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and The Faction Group LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/3/2014, Preferred Series AA2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Tipalti Solutions Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/22/2023, Ordinary Shares2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Tipalti Solutions Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/22/2023, Ordinary Shares2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and VideoAmp, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/21/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and VideoAmp, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/21/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software (0.75%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Surgical Devices and TransMedics Group, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/11/2015, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Surgical Devices and TransMedics Group, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/11/2015, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Surgical Devices (0.04%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Ampion, PBC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/15/2022, Common Stock2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Ampion, PBC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/15/2022, Common Stock2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/22/2014, Preferred Series A2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/22/2014, Preferred Series A2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/7/2015, Preferred Series B2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/7/2015, Preferred Series B2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Total Halio, Inc.2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Polyera Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/24/2015, Preferred Series C2023-01-012023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Polyera Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/24/2015, Preferred Series C2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.00%)2023-12-310001280784Warrant Investments (1.88%)2023-12-310001280784Investments in Securities (179.92%)2023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund I C.V., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 11/16/20202023-01-012023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund I C.V., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 11/16/20202023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund II C.V., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 6/23/20222023-01-012023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund II C.V., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 6/23/20222023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development (0.23%)2023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Software and Liberty Zim Co-Invest L.P., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 7/21/20222023-01-012023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Software and Liberty Zim Co-Invest L.P., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 7/21/20222023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Software (0.02%)2023-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments (0.26%)2023-12-310001280784Investments (180.18%)2023-12-310001280784Investment Fund Cash & Cash Equivalent and GS Financial Square Government Fund, FGTXX/38141W2732023-12-310001280784Investment Fund In Cash & Cash Equivalents (3.11%)2023-12-310001280784Investment Fund After Cash & Cash Equivalents (183.28%)2023-12-310001280784Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts, Great British Pound (GBP) Counterparty Goldman Sachs Bank USA Settlement Date 6/3/20242023-01-012023-12-310001280784Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts, Great British Pound (GBP) Counterparty Goldman Sachs Bank USA Settlement Date 6/3/20242023-12-310001280784Total Foreign Currency Forward ((0.04%))2023-12-310001280784htgc:OneMonthSecuredOvernightFinancingRateSofrOvernightIndexSwapRateMember2023-12-310001280784htgc:ThreeMonthSecuredOvernightFinancingRateSofrOvernightIndexSwapRateMember2023-12-310001280784htgc:SixMonthSecuredOvernightFinancingRateSOFROvernightIndexSwapRateMember2023-12-310001280784us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Memberus-gaap:WarrantMember2023-12-31htgc:Firm0001280784us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Memberus-gaap:CommonStockMember2023-12-310001280784htgc:BlackCrowAIIncMemberhtgc:PromissoryNotesMember2023-12-310001280784htgc:RoyaltyContractMemberhtgc:PhathomPharmaceuticalsIncMember2023-12-310001280784Debt Investments Biotechnology Tools and Alamar Biosciences, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2026, Prime + 3.00%, Floor rate 6.50%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 5.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Biotechnology Tools and PathAI, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2027, Prime + 2.15%, Floor rate 9.15%, 11.21% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Biotechnology Tools (2.31%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Communications & Networking and Aryaka Networks, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2026, Prime + 3.25%, Floor rate 6.75%, PIK Interest 1.05%, 3.55% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Communications & Networking and Cytracom Holdings LLC Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, 3-month LIBOR + 9.31%, Floor rate 10.31%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Communications & Networking and Rocket Lab Global Services, LLC Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2024, Prime + 4.90%, Floor rate 8.15%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 3.25% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Communications & Networking (7.26%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and AppDirect, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2026, Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.8%, 8.29% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2024, Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.45%, 4.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Houzz, Inc. Convertible Debt, Maturity Date May 2028, PIK Interest 5.50%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Jobandtalent USA, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, 1-month SOFR + 8.86%, Floor rate 9.75%, 3.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Provi, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2026, Prime + 4.40%, Floor rate 10.65%, 2.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2024, Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 2.25%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and RVShare, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2026, 3-month LIBOR + 5.50%, Floor rate 6.50%, PIK Interest 4.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and SeatGeek, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2023, Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 10.50%, PIK Interest 0.50%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and SeatGeek, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2026, Prime + 7.00%, Floor rate 10.50%, PIK Interest 0.50%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services, SeatGeek, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2026, Prime + 2.75%, Floor rate 9.25%, PIK Interest 1.75%, 3.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2024 One, PIK Interest 5.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2024, FIXED 8.25%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2024 Two, PIK Interest 5.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services, Tectura Corporation2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Thumbtack, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2026, Prime + 4.95%, Floor rate 8.20%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 3.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Udacity, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2024, Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 7.75%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Veem, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2025, Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 7.25%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 4.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Veem, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2025, Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 4.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services, Veem, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, 3-month LIBOR + 9.25%, Floor rate 10.25%, 3.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Consumer & Business Services (30.59%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC, Unsecured, Maturity Date September 2026, FIXED 14.50%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC, Unsecured, Maturity Date September 2026, FIXED 11.50%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services, Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC, Unsecured2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services and Hercules Adviser LLC, Unsecured, Maturity Date June 2025, FIXED 5.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Diversified Financial Services (2.40%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Akero Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2027, Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 7.65%, 5.85% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2024, Prime + 3.10%, Floor rate 8.60%, 8.90% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Alladapt Immunotherapeutics Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 8.40%, Cap rate 10.90%, 10.60% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and AmplifyBio, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2027, Prime + 2.50%, Floor rate 9.50%, Cap rate 10.75%, 5.85% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and ATAI Life Sciences N.V. Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2026, Prime + 4.55%, Floor rate 8.55%, 6.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Aveo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2024, Prime + 6.40%, Floor rate 9.65%, Cap rate 15.00%, 6.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2026, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, Cap rate 10.70%, 5.31% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Bicycle Therapeutics PLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2025, Prime + 4.55%, Floor rate 8.05%, Cap rate 9.05%, 5.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and BiomX, INC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2025, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 6.55% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and BridgeBio Pharma, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2026, FIXED 9.00%, 2.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Cellarity, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2026, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 3.75% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Century Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2024, Prime + 6.30%, Floor rate 9.55%, 3.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Codiak Biosciences, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2025, Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, 5.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Corium, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 7.75% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Eloxx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2025, Prime + 6.25%, Floor rate 9.50%, 6.55% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and enGene, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2025, Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, 6.35% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Finch Therapeutics Group, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2026, Prime + 4.05%, Floor rate 7.55%, Cap rate 8.80%, 5.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and G1 Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2026, Prime + 5.90%, Floor rate 9.15%, 9.86% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Geron Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2024, Prime + 5.75%, Floor rate 9.00%, 6.55% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Gritstone Bio, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, Prime + 3.15%, Floor rate 7.15%, Cap rate 8.65%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 5.75% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Hibercell, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2025, Prime + 5.40%, Floor rate 8.65%, 4.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and HilleVax, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2027, Prime + 1.05%, Floor rate 4.55%, Cap rate 6.05%, PIK Interest 2.85%, 7.15% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Iveric Bio, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2027, Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 8.75%, Cap rate 10.25%, 4.25% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Kura Oncology, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2027, Prime + 2.40%, Floor rate 8.65%, 15.13% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Locus Biosciences, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2025, Prime + 6.10%, Floor rate 9.35%, 4.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2026, Prime + 3.95%, Floor rate 7.45%, 5.35% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Nabriva Therapeutics, Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2023, Prime + 4.30%, Floor rate 9.80%, 9.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2026, Prime + 2.25%, Floor rate 5.50%, PIK Interest 3.35%, 7.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Provention Bio, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2027, Prime + 2.70%, Floor rate 8.20%, 6.60% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2026, Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 7.50%, 3.80% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Replimune Group, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2027, Prime + 1.75%, Floor rate 7.25%, Cap rate 9.00%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 4.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Scynexis, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2025, Prime + 5.80%, Floor rate 9.05%, 3.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Seres Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2024, Prime + 6.40%, Floor rate 9.65%, 4.98% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2027, Prime + 5.20%, Floor rate 8.45%, 4.75% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and TG Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2026, Prime + 2.15%, Floor rate 5.40%, PIK Interest 3.45%, 5.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and uniQure B.V. Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2025, Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, 7.28% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Unity Biotechnology, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2024, Prime + 6.10%, Floor rate 9.35%, 6.25% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2024, Prime + 6.45%, Floor rate 9.70%, 3.85% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Viridian Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2026, Prime + 4.20%, Floor rate 7.45%, Cap rate 8.95%, 4.76% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2024, Prime + 3.75%, Floor rate 8.75%, 8.80% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Drug Discovery & Development (78.59%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp. Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2026, Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.00%, 1.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware (1.34%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Better Therapeutics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2025, Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 5.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Blue Sprig Pediatrics, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2026, 1-month LIBOR + 5.00%, Floor rate 6.00%, PIK Interest 4.45%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Carbon Health Technologies, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2025, Prime + 5.60%, Floor rate 8.85%, 4.61% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Equality Health, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2026, Prime + 6.25%, Floor rate 9.50%, PIK Interest 1.55%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Oak Street Health, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2027, Prime + 2.45%, Floor rate 7.95%, Cap rate 9.45%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 4.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Healthcare Services, Other (13.98%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services and Capella Space Corp. Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2025, Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 7.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services and Signal Media Limited, Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2025, Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, Cap rate 12.00%, 3.45% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services and Yipit, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, 1-month SOFR + 9.08%, Floor rate 10.08%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Information Services (3.72%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Manufacturing Technology and Bright Machines, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2025, Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 9.50%, 5.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Manufacturing Technology and MacroFab, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, Prime + 4.35%, Floor rate 7.60%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 4.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Manufacturing Technology and Ouster, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2026, Prime + 6.15%, Floor rate 9.40%, 7.45% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Manufacturing Technology (2.99%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Semiconductors and Fungible, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2024, Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, 4.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Semiconductors (1.51%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, 3-month LIBOR + 9.28%, Floor rate 10.28%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, 3-month LIBOR + 6.57%, Floor rate 7.57%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Agilence, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2026, 1-month BSBY + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Alchemer LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2028, 1-month SOFR + 7.89%, Floor rate 8.89%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Annex Cloud, Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2027, 1-month BSBY + 8.99%, Floor rate 10.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Automation Anywhere, Inc. Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2027, Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 9.00%, 2.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Babel Street, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2027, 3-month SOFR + 7.89%, Floor rate 8.89%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Brain Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2025, PRIME + 3.70%, Floor rate 6.95%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 3.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Campaign Monitor Limited, Senior Secured, Maturity Date November 2025, 6-month SOFR + 8.90%, Floor rate 9.90%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Catchpoint Systems, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date June 2026, 3-month SOFR + 8.86%, Floor rate 9.76%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Ceros, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, 6-month LIBOR + 9.67%, Floor rate 10.67%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and CloudBolt Software, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2024, Prime + 6.70%, Floor rate 9.95%, 3.45% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Constructor.io Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, 1-month SOFR + 8.44%, Floor rate 9.44%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Convoy, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, Prime + 3.20%, Floor rate 6.45%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 4.55% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Copper CRM, Inc, Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2025, Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.25%, Cap rate 10.25%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 4.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Cutover, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2025, Prime + 5.20%, Floor rate 9.95%, 4.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Cybermaxx Intermediate Holdings, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2026, 6-month SOFR + 9.53%, Floor rate 10.28%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Dashlane, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2025, Prime + 3.05%, Floor rate 7.55%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 4.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Demandbase, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date August 2025, Prime + 2.25%, Floor rate 5.50%, PIK Interest 3.00%, 5.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Dispatch Technologies, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2028, 3-month SOFR + 8.01%, Floor rate 8.76%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Eigen Technologies Ltd., Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2025, Prime + 5.10%, Floor rate 8.35%, 2.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Elation Health, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date March 2026, Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 9.00%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 3.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Enmark Systems, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2026, 3-month LIBOR + 6.77%, Floor rate 7.77%, PIK Interest 2.16%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Esentire, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2024, 3-month LIBOR + 9.96%, Floor rate 10.96%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Esme Learning Solutions, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 3.00% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Fortified Health Security, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2027, 6-month SOFR + 7.79%, Floor rate 8.54%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Flight Schedule Pro, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2027, 1-month SOFR + 7.79%, Floor rate 8.70%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Ikon Science Limited, Senior Secured, Maturity Date October 2024, 3-month Eurodollar + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Imperva, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2027, 3-month LIBOR + 7.75%, Floor rate 8.75%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Kazoo, Inc. (p.k.a. YouEarnedIt, Inc.), Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2023, 3-month SOFR + 10.14%, Floor rate 11.14%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Khoros (p.k.a Lithium Technologies), Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2024, 3-month SOFR + 8.00%, Floor rate 9.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and LogicSource, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.93%, Floor rate 9.93%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Logicworks, Senior Secured, Maturity Date January 2024, Prime + 7.50%, Floor rate 10.75%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Mobile Solutions Services, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2025, 3-month LIBOR + 9.06%, Floor rate 10.06%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Nextroll, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2023, Prime + 3.75%, Floor rate 7.75%, PIK Interest 2.95%, 1.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Nuvolo Technologies Corporation, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2025, Prime + 5.25%, Floor rate 8.50%, 2.42% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Omeda Holdings, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date July 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.05%, Floor rate 9.05%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Riviera Partners LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date April 2027, 6-month SOFR + 7.53%, Floor rate 8.53%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Salary.com, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date September 2027, 6-month SOFR + 8.00%, Floor rate 9.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and ShadowDragon, LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2026, 3-month LIBOR + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Tact.ai Technologies, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2024, Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 5.50% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and ThreatConnect, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2026, 6-month LIBOR + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and VideoAmp, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date February 2025, Prime + 3.70%, Floor rate 6.95%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 5.25% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Zappi, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.03%, Floor rate 9.03%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software and Zimperium, Inc., Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2027, 3-month SOFR + 8.31%, Floor rate 9.31%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Software (54.28%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Ampion, PBC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date May 2025, Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.45%, 3.95% Exit Fee2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pineapple Energy LLC, Senior Secured, Maturity Date December 2024, PIK Interest 10.00%2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.50%)2022-12-310001280784Debt Investments (199.47%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Grove Collaborative, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2021, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Grove Collaborative, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2021, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Savage X Holding, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Class A Units2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and Savage X Holding, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Class A Units2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and TechStyle, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and TechStyle, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and TFG Holding, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products and TFG Holding, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 4/30/2010, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Products (0.04%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/15/2021, Series Preferred Series D-42022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/15/2021, Series Preferred Series D-42022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and DoorDash, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/20/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and DoorDash, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/20/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Lyft, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/26/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Lyft, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/26/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Nerdy Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/17/2021, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Nerdy Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/17/2021, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and OfferUp, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/25/2016, Series Preferred Series A2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and OfferUp, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/25/2016, Series Preferred Series A2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and OfferUp, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/25/2016, Series Preferred Series A-12022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and OfferUp, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/25/2016, Series Preferred Series A-12022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Total OfferUp, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Oportun, Equity, Acquisition Date 6/28/2013, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Oportun, Equity, Acquisition Date 6/28/2013, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Reischling Press, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/31/2020, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Reischling Press, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/31/2020, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/24/2022, Series Preferred Series B-22022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/24/2022, Series Preferred Series B-22022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 5/23/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 5/23/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 6/6/2016, Series Preferred Series BB2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Tectura Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 6/6/2016, Series Preferred Series BB2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Total Tectura Corporation2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Uber Technologies, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/1/2020, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services and Uber Technologies, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/1/2020, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Consumer & Business Services (0.57%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/1/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/1/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/1/2018, Series Preferred Series A2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/1/2018, Series Preferred Series A2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services, Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Hercules Adviser LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/26/2021, Series Member Units2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Hercules Adviser LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/26/2021, Series Member Units2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Newfront Insurance Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/30/2021, Series Preferred Series D-22022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services and Newfront Insurance Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/30/2021, Series Preferred Series D-22022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Diversified Financial Services (2.49%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/10/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/10/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and Aytu BioScience, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/28/2014, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and Aytu BioScience, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/28/2014, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and BioQ Pharma Incorporated, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/8/2015, Series Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and BioQ Pharma Incorporated, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/8/2015, Series Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/6/2015, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery and PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/6/2015, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Delivery (0.01%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Akero Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/19/2022, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Akero Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/19/2022, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Albireo Pharma, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/14/2020, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Albireo Pharma, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/14/2020, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Applied Molecular Transport, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/6/2021, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Applied Molecular Transport, Equity, Acquisition Date 4/6/2021, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Avalo Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/19/2014, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Avalo Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/19/2014, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Aveo Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/31/2011, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Aveo Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/31/2011, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/9/2022, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/9/2022, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Bicycle Therapeutics PLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/5/2020, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Bicycle Therapeutics PLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/5/2020, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and BridgeBio Pharma, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/21/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and BridgeBio Pharma, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/21/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/13/2019, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/13/2019, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Dare Biosciences, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/8/2015, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Dare Biosciences, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/8/2015, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Dynavax Technologies, Equity, Acquisition Date 7/22/2015, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Dynavax Technologies, Equity, Acquisition Date 7/22/2015, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Gritstone Bio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/26/2022, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Gritstone Bio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/26/2022, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Hibercell, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/7/2021, Series Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Hibercell, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/7/2021, Series Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and HilleVax, Inc, Equity, Acquisition Date 5/3/2022, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and HilleVax, Inc, Equity, Acquisition Date 5/3/2022, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Humanigen, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/31/2021, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Humanigen, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/31/2021, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and NorthSea Therapeutics, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/15/2021, Series Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and NorthSea Therapeutics, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/15/2021, Series Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/26/2007, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/26/2007, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/22/2007, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/22/2007, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Savara, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/11/2015, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Savara, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/11/2015, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Sio Gene Therapies, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/2/2017, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Sio Gene Therapies, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/2/2017, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/5/2022, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/5/2022, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Tricida, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/28/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Tricida, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/28/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and uniQure B.V., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/31/2019, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and uniQure B.V., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/31/2019, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/11/2020, Series Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/11/2020, Series Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/31/2022, Series Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/31/2022, Series Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development, Valo Health LLC2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/26/2019, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/26/2019, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Drug Discovery & Development (2.66%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/17/2022, Series Preferred Series F2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/17/2022, Series Preferred Series F2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Skydio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/8/2022, Series Preferred Series E2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware and Skydio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/8/2022, Series Preferred Series E2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Electronics & Computer Hardware (0.11%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other and 23andMe, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/11/2019, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other and 23andMe, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/11/2019, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Carbon Health Technologies, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/30/2021, Series Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other and Carbon Health Technologies, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/30/2021, Series Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Healthcare Services, Other (0.21%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Planet Labs, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/21/2019, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Planet Labs, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/21/2019, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Yipit, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/30/2021, Series Preferred Series E2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Yipit, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/30/2021, Series Preferred Series E2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Zeta Global Corp., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/20/2007, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services and Zeta Global Corp., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/20/2007, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Information Services (0.58%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Coronado Aesthetics, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/15/2021, Series Common Units2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Coronado Aesthetics, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/15/2021, Series Common Units2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Coronado Aesthetics, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/15/2021, Series Preferred Series A-22022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Coronado Aesthetics, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 10/15/2021, Series Preferred Series A-22022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment, Coronado Aesthetics, LLC2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Flowonix Medical Incorporated, Equity, Acquisition Date 11/3/2014, Series Preferred Series AA2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Flowonix Medical Incorporated, Equity, Acquisition Date 11/3/2014, Series Preferred Series AA2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Gelesis, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/30/2009, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and Gelesis, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/30/2009, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and ViewRay, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/16/2013, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment and ViewRay, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/16/2013, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Medical Devices & Equipment (0.07%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Semiconductors and Achronix Semiconductor Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 7/1/2011, Series Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Semiconductors and Achronix Semiconductor Corporation, Equity, Acquisition Date 7/1/2011, Series Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Semiconductors (0.01%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 8/9/2021, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and 3GTMS, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 8/9/2021, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Black Crow AI, Inc. affiliates, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/24/2021, Series Preferred Note2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Black Crow AI, Inc. affiliates, Equity, Acquisition Date 3/24/2021, Series Preferred Note2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and CapLinked, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/26/2012, Series Preferred Series A-32022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and CapLinked, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/26/2012, Series Preferred Series A-32022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Contentful Global, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/22/2020, Series Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Contentful Global, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/22/2020, Series Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Contentful Global, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/20/2018, Series Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Contentful Global, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/20/2018, Series Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software, Contentful Global, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Docker, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/29/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Docker, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/29/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Druva Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/22/2015, Series Preferred Series 22022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Druva Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 10/22/2015, Series Preferred Series 22022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Druva Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/24/2017, Series Preferred Series 32022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Druva Holdings, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/24/2017, Series Preferred Series 32022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software, Druva Holdings, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and HighRoads, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/18/2013, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and HighRoads, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/18/2013, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Lightbend, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/4/2020, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Lightbend, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/4/2020, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Nextdoor.com, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Nextdoor.com, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Palantir Technologies, Equity, Acquisition Date 9/23/2020, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Palantir Technologies, Equity, Acquisition Date 9/23/2020, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and SingleStore, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/25/2020, Series Preferred Series E2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and SingleStore, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/25/2020, Series Preferred Series E2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and SingleStore, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/12/2021, Series Preferred Series F2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and SingleStore, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 8/12/2021, Series Preferred Series F2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software, SingleStore, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Sprinklr, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/22/2017, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Sprinklr, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 3/22/2017, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Verana Health, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/8/2021, Series Preferred Series E2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and Verana Health, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/8/2021, Series Preferred Series E2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and ZeroFox, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/7/2020, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software and ZeroFox, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/7/2020, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Software (2.07%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/18/2007, Series Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 1/18/2007, Series Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/16/2010, Series Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/16/2010, Series Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/8/2013, Series Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 2/8/2013, Series Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/14/2015, Series Preferred Series E2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 7/14/2015, Series Preferred Series E2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/18/2018, Series Preferred Series F2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/18/2018, Series Preferred Series F2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/18/2018, Series Preferred Series F-12022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 12/18/2018, Series Preferred Series F-12022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices, Gynesonics, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and TransMedics Group, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/7/2012, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices and TransMedics Group, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 11/7/2012, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Surgical Devices (0.18%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/13/2012, Series Preferred Series C-12022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 9/13/2012, Series Preferred Series C-12022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Impossible Foods, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/10/2019, Series Preferred Series E-12022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Impossible Foods, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/10/2019, Series Preferred Series E-12022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Modumetal, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/1/2015, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Modumetal, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/1/2015, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and NantEnergy, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 8/31/2013, Series Common Units2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and NantEnergy, LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 8/31/2013, Series Common Units2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pineapple Energy LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/10/2020, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pineapple Energy LLC, Equity, Acquisition Date 12/10/2020, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pivot Bio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/28/2021, Series Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Pivot Bio, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 6/28/2021, Series Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Proterra, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/28/2015, Series Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Proterra, Inc., Equity, Acquisition Date 5/28/2015, Series Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.57%)2022-12-310001280784Equity Investments (9.56%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools and Alamar Biosciences, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/21/2022, Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools and Alamar Biosciences, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/21/2022, Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools and PathAI, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/23/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools and PathAI, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/23/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Biotechnology Tools (0.03%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Communications & Networking and Aryaka Networks, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/28/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Communications & Networking and Aryaka Networks, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/28/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Communications & Networking and Spring Mobile Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/19/2013, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Communications & Networking and Spring Mobile Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/19/2013, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Communications & Networking (0.01%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Gadget Guard, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/3/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Gadget Guard, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/3/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Savage X Holding, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/27/2014, Class A Units2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Savage X Holding, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/27/2014, Class A Units2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and TechStyle, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 7/16/2013, Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and TechStyle, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 7/16/2013, Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and TFG Holding, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/27/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and TFG Holding, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/27/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and The Neat Company, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/13/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and The Neat Company, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/13/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Whoop, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/27/2018, Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products and Whoop, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/27/2018, Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Products (0.17%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/14/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Carwow LTD, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/14/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Houzz, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/29/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Houzz, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/29/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Landing Holdings Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/12/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Landing Holdings Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/12/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Lendio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/29/2019, Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Lendio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/29/2019, Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Provi, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/22/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Provi, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/22/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/12/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Rhino Labs, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/12/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and RumbleON, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/30/2018, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and RumbleON, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/30/2018, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and SeatGeek, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/12/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and SeatGeek, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/12/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/14/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/14/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/23/2019, Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/23/2019, Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Skyword, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/20/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/20/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2016, Preferred Series A2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2016, Preferred Series A2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Snagajob.com, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Thumbtack, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/1/2018, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Thumbtack, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/1/2018, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Udacity, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/25/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Udacity, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/25/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Veem, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Veem, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/11/2021, Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/11/2021, Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/27/2021, Preferred Series E2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/27/2021, Preferred Series E2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services and Worldremit Group Limited2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Consumer & Business Services (0.19%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and Aerami Therapeutics Holdings, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2015, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and Aerami Therapeutics Holdings, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2015, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and BioQ Pharma Incorporated, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/27/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and BioQ Pharma Incorporated, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/27/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/28/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery and PDS Biotechnology Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/28/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Delivery (0.00%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Acacia Pharma Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/29/2018, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Acacia Pharma Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/29/2018, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and ADMA Biologics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/24/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and ADMA Biologics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/24/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Akero Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/15/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Akero Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/15/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Albireo Pharma, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/8/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Albireo Pharma, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/8/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and AmplifyBio, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/27/2022, Class A Units2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and AmplifyBio, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/27/2022, Class A Units2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/25/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Axsome Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/25/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Cellarity, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/8/2021, Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Cellarity, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/8/2021, Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Century Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/14/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Century Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/14/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Dermavant Sciences Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/31/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Dermavant Sciences Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/31/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and enGene, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/30/2021, Preferred Series 32022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and enGene, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/30/2021, Preferred Series 32022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Evofem Biosciences, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/11/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Evofem Biosciences, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/11/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Fresh Tracks Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Brickell Biotech, Inc.), Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/18/2016, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Fresh Tracks Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Brickell Biotech, Inc.), Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/18/2016, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Kineta, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/20/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Kineta, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/20/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Kura Oncology, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/2/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Kura Oncology, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/2/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/9/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/9/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Myovant Sciences, Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/16/2017, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Myovant Sciences, Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/16/2017, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/1/2018, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/17/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/17/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Provention Bio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/15/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Provention Bio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/15/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/23/2022, Preferred Series E2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/23/2022, Preferred Series E2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Scynexis, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/14/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Scynexis, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/14/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and TG Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/28/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and TG Therapeutics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/28/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Tricida, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/27/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Tricida, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/27/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/15/2020, Common Units2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Valo Health, LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/15/2020, Common Units2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/9/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/9/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Drug Discovery & Development (0.60%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and 908 Devices, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/15/2017, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and 908 Devices, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/15/2017, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/21/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and Locus Robotics Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/21/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and Skydio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/08/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware and Skydio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/08/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Electronics & Computer Hardware (0.09%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Vida Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/28/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other and Vida Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/28/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Healthcare Services, Other (0.00%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and Capella Space Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/21/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and Capella Space Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/21/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and INMOBI Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/19/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and INMOBI Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/19/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and NetBase Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/22/2017, Preferred Series 12022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and NetBase Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/22/2017, Preferred Series 12022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and Signal Media Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/29/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services and Signal Media Limited, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/29/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Information Services (0.04%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and Bright Machines, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and Bright Machines, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and MacroFab, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/23/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and MacroFab, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/23/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and Xometry, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/9/2018, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology and Xometry, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/9/2018, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Manufacturing Technology (0.30%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/30/2022, Preferred Series E-12022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Media/Content/Info and Fever Labs, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/30/2022, Preferred Series E-12022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Media/Content/Info (0.00%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Aspire Bariatrics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/28/2015, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Aspire Bariatrics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/28/2015, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Flowonix Medical Incorporated, Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/3/2014, Preferred Series AA2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Flowonix Medical Incorporated, Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/3/2014, Preferred Series AA2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Flowonix Medical Incorporated, Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/21/2018, Preferred Series BB2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Flowonix Medical Incorporated, Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/21/2018, Preferred Series BB2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Flowonix Medical Incorporated2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Intuity Medical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/29/2017, Preferred Series B-12022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Intuity Medical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/29/2017, Preferred Series B-12022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Lucira Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/4/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Lucira Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/4/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Outset Medical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/27/2013, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Outset Medical, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/27/2013, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Tela Bio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2017, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment and Tela Bio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/31/2017, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Medical Devices & Equipment (0.07%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Semiconductors and Achronix Semiconductor Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/26/2015, Preferred Series D-22022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Semiconductors and Achronix Semiconductor Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/26/2015, Preferred Series D-22022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Semiconductors and Fungible, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/16/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Semiconductors and Fungible, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 12/16/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Semiconductors (0.04%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Aria Systems, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/22/2015, Preferred Series G2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Aria Systems, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/22/2015, Preferred Series G2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Automation Anywhere, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/23/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Automation Anywhere, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/23/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Bitsight Technologies, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/18/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Bitsight Technologies, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/18/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Brain Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/4/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Brain Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/4/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and CloudBolt Software, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and CloudBolt Software, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cloudian, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/6/2018, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cloudian, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/6/2018, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cloudpay, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/10/2018, Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cloudpay, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/10/2018, Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Convoy, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/30/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Convoy, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/30/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Couchbase, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/25/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Couchbase, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/25/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cutover, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/21/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Cutover, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/21/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Dashlane, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/11/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Dashlane, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/11/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Delphix Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/8/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Delphix Corp., Warrant, Acquisition Date 10/8/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Demandbase, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/2/2021, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Demandbase, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 8/2/2021, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and DNAnexus, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/21/2014, Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and DNAnexus, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/21/2014, Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and DroneDeploy, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and DroneDeploy, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Eigen Technologies Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/13/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Eigen Technologies Ltd., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/13/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Elation Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/12/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Elation Health, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/12/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Esme Learning Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/27/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Esme Learning Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/27/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Evernote Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2016, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Evernote Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2016, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and First Insight, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/10/2018, Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and First Insight, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/10/2018, Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Fulfil Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 7/29/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Fulfil Solutions, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 7/29/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Lightbend, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/14/2018, Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Lightbend, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/14/2018, Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Mixpanel, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Mixpanel, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/30/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Nuvolo Technologies Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/29/2019, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Nuvolo Technologies Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/29/2019, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Poplicus, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/28/2014, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Poplicus, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 5/28/2014, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Reltio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Reltio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/30/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and SignPost, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/13/2016, Series Junior 1 Preferred2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and SignPost, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/13/2016, Series Junior 1 Preferred2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and SingleStore, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/28/2020, Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and SingleStore, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/28/2020, Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Tact.ai Technologies, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/13/2020, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and Tact.ai Technologies, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 2/13/2020, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and The Faction Group LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/3/2014, Preferred Series AA2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and The Faction Group LLC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 11/3/2014, Preferred Series AA2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and VideoAmp, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/21/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software and VideoAmp, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/21/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Software (0.59%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/16/2013, Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Surgical Devices and Gynesonics, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 1/16/2013, Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Surgical Devices and TransMedics Group, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/11/2015, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Surgical Devices and TransMedics Group, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 9/11/2015, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Surgical Devices (0.04%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Ampion, PBC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/15/2022, Common Stock2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Ampion, PBC, Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/15/2022, Common Stock2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/30/2013, Preferred Series C-12022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/30/2013, Preferred Series C-12022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/22/2014, Preferred Series A2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/22/2014, Preferred Series A2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/7/2015, Preferred Series B2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc., Warrant, Acquisition Date 4/7/2015, Preferred Series B2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Halio, Inc.2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and IngredientWerks Holdings, Inc. (p.k.a Agrivida, Inc.), Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/20/2013, Preferred Series D2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and IngredientWerks Holdings, Inc. (p.k.a Agrivida, Inc.), Warrant, Acquisition Date 6/20/2013, Preferred Series D2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Polyera Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/24/2015, Preferred Series C2022-01-012022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology and Polyera Corporation, Warrant, Acquisition Date 3/24/2015, Preferred Series C2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments and Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.03%)2022-12-310001280784Warrant Investments (2.19%)2022-12-310001280784Investments in Securities (211.21%)2022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund I C.V., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 11/16/20202022-01-012022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund I C.V., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 11/16/20202022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund II C.V., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 6/23/20222022-01-012022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development and Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund II C.V., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 6/23/20222022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Drug Discovery & Development (0.25%)2022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Software and Liberty Zim Co-Invest L.P., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 7/21/20222022-01-012022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Software and Liberty Zim Co-Invest L.P., Investment Funds & Vehicles, Acquisition Date 7/21/20222022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments and Software (0.03%)2022-12-310001280784Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments (0.28%)2022-12-310001280784Investments 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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_____________________________________________________________
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
x    ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023
OR
o    TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ___ to___
Commission File No. 814-00702
_____________________________________________________________
HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland74-3113410
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
1 North B Street, Suite 2000
San Mateo, California 94401
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (650) 289-3060
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, par value $0.001 per share
HTGC
New York Stock Exchange
6.25% Notes due 2033
HCXY
New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes x No o
Auditor Firm Id:238Auditor Name: PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLPAuditor Location:San Francisco, CA
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company o Emerging growth company o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with a new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. x
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. o
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was approximately $1.96 billion based upon a closing price of $14.80 reported for such date on the New York Stock Exchange. Common shares held by each executive officer and director and by each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding common shares have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not intended and shall not be deemed to be an admission that, such persons are affiliates of the Registrant.
On February 8, 2024, there were 158,379,784 shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the registrant's 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed subsequent to the date hereof, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Such proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days following the end of the registrant's fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.


HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT
Page
Item 1C.
 
 
 
Hercules Capital, Inc., our logo and other trademarks of Hercules Capital, Inc. are the property of Hercules Capital, Inc. All other trademarks or trade names referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are the property of their respective owners.
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In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, or Annual Report, the “Company,” “Hercules,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Hercules Capital, Inc., its wholly owned subsidiaries, and its affiliated securitization trust unless the context otherwise requires.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This report contains forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties that are within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). You can identify these statements using forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “target,” “estimate,” “intend,” “continue” or “believe” or the negatives of, or other variations on, these terms or comparable terminology. You should read statements that contain these words carefully because they discuss our plans, strategies, prospects, and expectations concerning our business, operating results, financial condition, and other similar matters. We believe that it is important to communicate our future expectations to our investors. Our forward-looking statements include information in this report regarding general domestic and global economic conditions, our future financing plans, our ability to operate as a business development company (“BDC”) and the expected performance of, and the yield on, our portfolio companies. There may be events in the future, however, that we are not able to predict accurately or control. The factors listed under “Risk Factors” in this annual report on Form 10-K, as well as any cautionary language in this report, provide examples of risks, uncertainties and events that may cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations we describe in our forward-looking statements. The occurrence of the events described in these risk factors and elsewhere in this report could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial position. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this report speaks only as of the date of this report. Factors or events that could cause our actual results to differ from our forward-looking statements may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of them. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.
PART I
Item 1.     Business
GENERAL
Hercules Capital, Inc. is a specialty finance company with a focus on and a goal of providing financing solutions to high-growth, innovative venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies in a variety of technology, life sciences, and sustainable and renewable technology industries. We make investments in companies that are active across a variety of technology industry sub-sectors or are characterized by products or services that require advanced technologies, including, but not limited to, computer software and hardware, networking systems, semiconductors, semiconductor capital equipment, information technology infrastructure or services, consumer and business services, telecommunications, telecommunications equipment, media, life sciences, and renewable or alternative energy. Within the life sciences sub-sector, we generally focus on medical devices, bio-pharmaceutical, drug discovery and development, drug delivery, health care services and information systems companies. Within the sustainable and renewable technology sub-sector, we focus on sustainable and renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency and monitoring technologies. We refer to all of these companies as “technology-related” companies and intend, under normal circumstances, to invest at least 80% of the value of our total assets in such businesses.
Our primary business objectives are to increase our net income, net investment income, and net asset value (“NAV”) through our investments in primarily Structured Debt or senior secured debt instruments of venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies across a variety of technology-related industries at attractive yields. We use the term “Structured Debt” to refer to a debt investment that is structured with an equity, warrant, option, or other right to purchase or convert into common or preferred stock. We aim to achieve our business objectives by maximizing our portfolio total return through generation of current income from our debt investments and capital appreciation from our warrant and equity investments.
We, our subsidiaries or our affiliates, may also agree to manage certain other funds that invest in debt, equity or provide other financing or services to companies in a variety of industries for which we may earn management or other fees for our services. We may also invest in the equity of these funds, along with other third parties, from which we would seek to earn a return and/or future incentive allocations. Some of these transactions could be material to our business. Consummation of any such transaction will be subject to completion of due diligence, finalization of key business and financial terms (including price) and negotiation of final definitive documentation as well as a number of other factors and conditions, which may include, depending on the transaction and without limitation, the approval of our Board of Directors (the "Board"), required regulatory or third-party consents, and/or the approval of our stockholders. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that any such transaction would be consummated. Any of these transactions or funds may require
3

significant management resources either during the transaction phase or on an ongoing basis depending on the terms of the transaction.
CORPORATE STRUCTURE
We are an internally managed, non-diversified closed-end investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). As a BDC, we are required to comply with certain regulatory requirements. For instance, we generally have to invest at least 70% of our total assets in “qualifying assets,” including securities of private U.S. companies, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and high-quality debt investments that mature in one year or less. As a BDC, we must also maintain a coverage ratio of total assets to total senior securities, which include all of our borrowings (including accrued interest payable) except for debentures issued by the Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) and any preferred stock we may issue in the future, of at least 150% subsequent to each borrowing or issuance of senior securities. Certain of our wholly owned subsidiaries are licensed to operate as a small business investment company (a “SBIC” or “SBICs”) under the authority of the SBA. Through SBIC licensed vehicles we may access capital from the SBA debenture program. See “Regulation” for additional information related to our capital requirements.
As an internally managed BDC, we do not pay management or advisory fees, but instead incur costs customary for an operating company and are governed through supervision by the Board. Some of those costs include recruiting and marketing expenses as well as the costs associated with employing management, investment and portfolio management professionals, and technology, secretarial and other support personnel. In connection with our recruiting, branding and marketing efforts, we may, among other things, make charitable contributions in amounts we believe to be immaterial and that do not exceed $500 thousand in the aggregate in any year. We believe that many of these contributions help us raise our profile in the communities and benefit us in attracting and retaining talent and investment opportunities.
Effective January 1, 2006, we elected to be treated for U.S. federal tax purposes as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“the Code”). As a RIC, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of our investment company taxable income and net capital gain (i.e., net realized long-term capital gains in excess of net realized short-term capital losses) we distribute (or are deemed to distribute) as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to stockholders with respect to that taxable year. We will be subject to a 4% non-deductible U.S. federal excise tax on certain undistributed income and gains unless we make distributions treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a timely manner to our stockholders in respect of each calendar year subject to certain requirements as defined for RICs. See “Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” for additional information. Additionally, we have established wholly owned subsidiaries that are not consolidated for U.S. federal tax purposes and may generate income tax expense, or benefit, and tax assets and liabilities as a result of their ownership of certain portfolio investments.
In 2020, we formed Hercules Capital Management LLC and Hercules Adviser LLC as wholly owned Delaware limited liability subsidiaries. We were granted no-action relief by the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to allow Hercules Adviser LLC (the “Adviser Subsidiary”) to register as a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). See “— Regulation—No-action and Exemptive Relief Obtained” for additional information regarding our Adviser Subsidiary. The Adviser Subsidiary provides investment advisory and related services to investment vehicles (“Adviser Funds”) owned by one or more unrelated third-party investors (“External Parties”). The Adviser Subsidiary is owned by Hercules Capital Management LLC and collectively held and presented with Hercules Partner Holdings, LLC, which separately wholly owns the general partnership vehicles to each of the Adviser Funds.
CORPORATE HISTORY AND OFFICES
We are a Maryland corporation formed in December 2003 that began investment operations in September 2004. On February 25, 2016, we changed our name from “Hercules Technology Growth Capital, Inc.” to “Hercules Capital, Inc.” Until February 12, 2024, our principal executive offices are located at 400 Hamilton Avenue, Suite 310, Palo Alto, California 94301. Effective February 12, 2024, our principal executive offices are located at 1 North B Street, Suite 2000, San Mateo, California 94401. Our telephone number is (650) 289-3060. We also have offices in Boston, MA, New York, NY, Bethesda, MD, Denver, CO, Westport, CT, Chicago, IL, San Diego, CA, and London, United Kingdom.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
We file with or submit to the SEC our annual, quarterly, current reports, proxy statements and other information meeting the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“the Exchange Act”). We make available, free of charge, on our website our proxy statement, annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports and other publicly filed information available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to the SEC. Our Internet address
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where these documents and other information can be found is www.htgc.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report, and you should not consider that information to be part of this Annual Report. Our annual, quarterly, periodic and current reports, proxy statements and other public filings are also available free of charge on the EDGAR Database on the SEC's Internet website at www.sec.gov.
OUR MARKET OPPORTUNITY
We believe that technology-related companies compete in one of the largest and most rapidly growing sectors of the U.S. economy and that continued growth is supported by ongoing innovation and performance improvements in technology products as well as the adoption of technology across virtually all industries in response to competitive pressures. We believe that an attractive market opportunity exists for a specialty finance company focused primarily on investments in Structured Debt, senior debt, and equity securities in technology-related companies for the following reasons:
technology-related companies have generally been underserved by traditional lending sources;
unfulfilled demand exists for Structured Debt financing to technology-related companies due to the complexity of evaluating risk in these investments; and
Structured Debt products are less dilutive and complement equity financing from venture capital and private equity funds.
Technology-Related Companies are Underserved by Traditional Lenders.
We believe many viable technology-related companies backed by financial sponsors have been unable to obtain sufficient growth financing from traditional lenders, including financial services companies such as commercial banks and finance companies because traditional lenders have continued to consolidate and have adopted a more risk-averse approach to lending. More importantly, we believe traditional lenders are typically unable to underwrite the risk associated with these companies effectively.
The unique cash flow characteristics of many technology-related companies typically include significant research and development expenditures and high projected revenue growth thus often making such companies difficult to evaluate from a credit perspective. In addition, the balance sheets of these companies often include a disproportionately large amount of intellectual property assets, which can be difficult to value. Finally, the speed of innovation in technology and rapid shifts in consumer demand and market share add to the difficulty in evaluating technology-related companies.
Due to the difficulties described above, we believe traditional lenders generally refrain from entering the Structured Debt financing marketplace, instead preferring the risk-reward profile of asset-based lending. Traditional lenders generally do not have flexible product offerings that meet the needs of technology-related companies. The financing products offered by traditional lenders typically impose on borrowers many restrictive covenants and conditions, including limiting cash outflows and requiring a significant depository relationship to facilitate rapid liquidation.
Unfulfilled Demand for Structured Debt Financing to Technology-Related Companies.
Private debt capital in the form of Structured Debt financing from specialty finance companies continues to be an important source of funding for technology-related companies. We believe that the level of demand for Structured Debt financing is a function of the level of annual venture equity investment activity.
We believe that demand for Structured Debt financing is currently underserved. The venture capital market for the technology-related companies in which we invest has been active. Therefore, to the extent we have capital available, we believe this is an opportune time to be active in the structured lending market for technology-related companies.
Structured Debt Products Complement Equity Financing from Venture Capital and Private Equity Funds.
We believe that technology-related companies and their financial sponsors will continue to view Structured Debt securities as an attractive source of capital because it augments the capital provided by venture capital and private equity funds. We believe that our Structured Debt products provide access to growth capital that otherwise may only be available through incremental investments by existing equity investors. As such, we provide portfolio companies and their financial sponsors with an opportunity to diversify their capital sources. Generally, we believe many technology-related companies at all stages of development target a portion of their capital to be debt in an attempt to achieve a higher valuation through internal growth. In addition, because financial sponsor-backed companies have reached a more mature stage prior to reaching a liquidity event, we believe our investments could provide the debt capital needed to grow or recapitalize during the extended period sometimes required prior to liquidity events.
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OUR BUSINESS STRATEGY
Our strategy to achieve our investment objective includes the following key elements:
Leverage the Experience and Industry Relationships of Our Management Team and Investment Professionals.
We have been investing in venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies for over 20 years. Our investment professionals are led by individuals with extensive experience as venture capitalists, commercial lenders, and originators of Structured Debt and equity investments in technology-related companies. In addition, our team members have originated Structured Debt, senior debt, and equity investments in over 600 technology-related companies, representing approximately $19.0 billion in commitments from inception to December 31, 2023, and have developed a network of industry contacts with investors and other participants within the venture capital and private equity communities. Members of our management team also have operational, research and development and finance experience with technology-related companies. Furthermore, we have established contacts with leading venture capital and private equity fund sponsors, public and private companies, research institutions and other industry participants, which we believe will enable us to identify and attract well-positioned prospective portfolio companies.
We focus our investing activities generally in industries in which our investment professionals have investment experience. We believe that our focus on financing technology-related companies will enable us to leverage our expertise in structuring prospective investments, to assess the value of both tangible and intangible assets, to evaluate the business prospects and operating characteristics of technology-related companies and to identify and originate potentially attractive investments with these types of companies.
Mitigate Risk of Principal Loss and Build a Portfolio of Warrant and Equity Securities.
We expect that our investments have the potential to produce attractive risk-adjusted returns through current income, in the form of interest and fee income, as well as capital appreciation from warrant and equity securities. We believe that we can mitigate the risk of loss on our debt investments through the combination of loan principal amortization after an initial interest only period, cash interest payments, relatively short maturities (typically between 36-48 months), security interests in the assets of our portfolio companies, and on select investment covenants requiring prospective portfolio companies to have certain amounts of available cash at the time of our investment and the continued support from a venture capital or private equity firm at the time we make our investment. Although we generally do not engage in significant hedging transactions, we may engage in hedging transactions in the future utilizing instruments such as forward contracts, currency options and interest rate swaps, caps, collars, and floors.
Historically our Structured Debt investments to technology-related companies typically include warrants or other equity interests, giving us the potential to realize equity-like returns on a portion of our investment. In addition, in some cases, we receive the right to make additional equity investments in our portfolio companies, including the right to convert some portion of our debt into equity, in connection with future equity financing rounds. We believe these equity interests will create the potential for meaningful long-term capital gains in connection with the future liquidity events of these technology-related companies.
Provide Customized Financing Complementary to Financial Sponsors’ Capital.
We offer a broad range of investment structures and possess expertise and experience to effectively structure and price investments in technology-related companies. Unlike many of our competitors that only invest in companies that fit a specific set of investment parameters, we have the flexibility to structure our investments to suit the particular needs of our portfolio companies. We offer customized financing solutions ranging from senior debt, including below-investment grade debt instruments, also known as “junk bonds”, to equity capital, with a focus on Structured Debt.
We use our relationships in the financial sponsor community to originate investment opportunities. Because venture capital and private equity funds typically invest solely in the equity securities of their portfolio companies, we believe that our debt investments will be viewed as an attractive and complementary source of capital, both by the portfolio company and by the portfolio company’s financial sponsor. In addition, we believe that many venture capital and private equity fund sponsors encourage their portfolio companies to use debt financing for a portion of their capital needs as a means of potentially enhancing equity returns, minimizing equity dilution and increasing valuations prior to a subsequent equity financing round or a liquidity event.
Invest at Various Stages of Development.
We provide growth capital to technology-related companies at all stages of development, including select publicly listed companies and select special opportunity lower middle market companies that require additional capital to fund acquisitions, recapitalizations and refinancings and established-stage companies. We believe that this provides us with a broader range of potential investment opportunities than those available to many of our competitors, who generally focus
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their investments on a particular stage in a company’s development. Because of the flexible structure of our investments and the extensive experience of our investment professionals, we believe we are well positioned to take advantage of these investment opportunities at all stages of prospective portfolio companies’ development.
Benefit from Our Efficient Organizational Structure.
We believe that the perpetual nature of our corporate structure enables us to be a long-term partner for our portfolio companies in contrast to traditional investment funds, which typically have a limited life. In addition, because of our access to the equity markets, we believe that we may benefit from a lower cost of capital than that available to private investment funds. We are not subject to requirements to return invested capital to investors, nor do we have a finite investment horizon. Capital providers that are subject to such limitations are often required to seek a liquidity event more quickly than they otherwise might, which can result in a lower overall return on an investment.
OUR INVESTMENTS AND OPERATIONS
We principally invest in debt securities and, to a lesser extent, equity securities, with a particular emphasis on Structured Debt. We generally seek to invest in companies that have been operating for at least six to twelve months prior to the date of our investment. We anticipate that such entities may, at the time of investment, be generating revenues or will have a business plan that anticipates generation of revenues within 24 to 48 months. Further, we anticipate that on the date of our investment we will generally obtain a lien on available assets, which may or may not include intellectual property, and these companies will have sufficient cash on their balance sheet to operate as well as potentially amortize their debt for at least three to nine months following our investment. We generally require that a prospective portfolio company, in addition to having sufficient capital to support leverage, demonstrate an operating plan capable of generating cash flows or raising the additional capital necessary to cover its operating expenses and service its debt, for an additional six to twelve months subject to market conditions.
We expect that our investments will generally range from $25.0 million to $100.0 million, although we may make investments in amounts above or below this range. We typically structure our debt securities to provide for amortization of principal over the life of the loan, but may include a period of interest-only payments. Our loans will typically be collateralized by a security interest in the borrower’s assets, although we may not have the first claim on these assets and the assets may not include intellectual property. Our debt investments carry fixed or variable contractual interest rates which generally ranged from approximately 8% to 18% as of December 31, 2023. Approximately 95.9% of our loans were at floating rates or floating rates with a floor and 4.1% of the loans were at fixed rates as of December 31, 2023.
In addition to the cash yields received on our loans, our loans generally include one or more of the following: exit fees, balloon payment fees, commitment fees, success fees, or prepayment fees. In some cases, our loans also include contractual payment-in-kind ("PIK") interest arrangements. The increases in loan balances as a result of contractual PIK arrangements are included in income for the period in which such PIK interest was accrued, which is often in advance of receiving cash payment, and are separately identified on our statements of cash flows. We also may be required to include in income for U.S. federal, state, and local tax purposes certain other amounts prior to receiving the related cash.
Moreover as noted above, our debt investments in venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies are generally structured with equity enhancement features. These enhancement features typically are received in the form of warrants or other equity securities that are considered original issue discounts ("OID") to our loans and are designed to provide us with an opportunity for potential capital appreciation. Warrants received are typically immediately exercisable upon issuance and generally will remain exercisable for the lesser of five to ten years or three to five years after completion of an initial public offering (“IPO”). The exercise prices for the warrants varies from nominal exercise prices to exercise prices that are at or above the current fair market value of the equity for which we receive warrants. We may structure warrants to provide minority rights provisions or, on a very select basis, put rights upon the occurrence of certain events. We generally target a total annualized return (including interest, fees and value of warrants) of 10% to 20% for our debt investments.
Typically, our debt and equity investments take one of the following forms:
Structured Debt: We seek to invest a majority of our assets in debt structured with warrants, equity, options, or other rights to purchase or convert into common or preferred stock of prospective portfolio companies. Our investments in Structured Debt may be the only debt capital on the balance sheet of our portfolio companies, and in many cases, we have a first priority security interest in all of our portfolio company’s assets, or in certain investments we may have a negative pledge on intellectual property. Our Structured Debt typically has a maturity of between two and five years, and it may provide for full amortization after an interest only period. Our Structured Debt with warrants carries an interest rate referenced to Prime, SOFR, BSBY, or a similar benchmark rate plus a spread with a floor and may include an additional exit fee payment or contractual PIK interest arrangements. Additionally, our Structured Debt financings
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may include restrictive affirmative and negative covenants, default penalties, prepayment penalties, lien protection, equity calls, change-in-control provisions or board observation rights.
Senior Debt: We seek to invest a limited portion of our assets in senior debt. Senior debt may be collateralized by accounts receivable and/or inventory financing of prospective portfolio companies. Senior debt has a senior position with respect to a borrower’s scheduled interest and principal payments and holds a first priority security interest in the assets pledged as collateral. Senior debt also may impose covenants on a borrower with regard to cash flows and changes in capital structure, among other items. We generally collateralize our investments by obtaining security interests in our portfolio companies’ assets, which may include their intellectual property. In other cases, we may obtain a negative pledge covering a company’s intellectual property. Our senior loans, in certain instances, may be tied to the financing of specific assets. In connection with a senior debt investment, we may also provide the borrower with a working capital line-of-credit that will carry an interest rate generally referenced to Prime, SOFR, BSBY, or a similar benchmark rate plus a spread with a floor, generally maturing in three to five years, and typically secured by accounts receivable and/or inventory. We also provide “unitranche” loans, which are loans that combine both senior and mezzanine debt, generally in a first lien position with security interest in all the assets of the portfolio company. The loans can either be “first out” or “last out”, whereby the “last-out” loans will be subordinated to the “first-out” portion of the unitranche loan in a liquidation, sale or other disposition.
Equity Securities: The equity securities we hold consist primarily of warrants or other equity interests generally obtained in connection with our Structured Debt investments. In addition to the warrants received as a part of a Structured Debt financing, we typically receive the right to make equity investments in a portfolio company in connection with that company’s next round of equity financing. We may also hold certain debt investments that have the right to convert a portion of the debt investment into equity. These rights will provide us with the opportunity to further enhance our returns over time through opportunistic equity investments in our portfolio companies. These equity investments are typically in the form of preferred or common equity and may be structured with a dividend yield, providing us with a current return, and with customary anti-dilution protection and preemptive rights. We may achieve liquidity through a merger or acquisition of a portfolio company, a public offering of a portfolio company’s stock or by exercising our right, if any, to require a portfolio company to buy back the equity securities we hold. We may also make stand-alone direct equity investments into portfolio companies in which we may not have any debt investment in the company. As of December 31, 2023, we held warrant and equity securities in 160 portfolio companies.
In addition to the characteristics described above, the table below compares the typical features of our investments.
Structured DebtSenior DebtEquity Securities
Typical StructureTerm debt with warrantsTerm or revolving debtWarrants, preferred stock, or common stock
Investment HorizonLong-term: 2 to 5 years; Average of 3.5 yearsGenerally under 4 years3 to 7 years
CovenantsLess restrictive; mostly financialGenerally borrowing base and financialNone
Investment Criteria
We have identified several criteria, among others, that we believe are important in achieving our investment objective with respect to prospective portfolio companies. These criteria, while not inclusive, provide general guidelines for our investment decisions.
Portfolio Composition - While we generally focus our investments in venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies in a variety of technology-related industries, we seek to invest across various financial sponsors as well as across various stages of companies’ development and various technology industry sub-sectors and geographies. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 78.5% of the fair value of our portfolio was composed of investments in three industries: 38.7% was composed of investments in the "Drug Discovery & Development" industry, 23.6% was composed of investments in the "Software" industry, and 16.2% was composed of investments in the "Consumer & Business Services" industry.
Continuing Support from One or More Financial Sponsors - We generally invest in companies in which one or more established financial sponsors have previously invested and continue to make a contribution to the management of the business. We believe that having established financial sponsors with meaningful commitments to the business is a key characteristic of a prospective portfolio company. In addition, we look for representatives of one or more financial sponsors to maintain seats on the board of directors of a prospective portfolio company as an indication of such commitment.
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Company Stage of Development - While we invest in companies at various stages of development, we generally require that prospective portfolio companies be beyond the seed stage of development and generally have received or anticipate having commitments for their first institutional round of equity financing for early-stage companies. We expect a prospective portfolio company to demonstrate progress in its product development or demonstrate a path towards revenue generation or increase its revenues and operating cash flow over time. The anticipated growth rate of a prospective portfolio company is a key factor in determining the value that we ascribe to any warrants or other equity securities that we may acquire in connection with an investment in debt securities.
Operating Plan - We generally require that a prospective portfolio company, in addition to having potential access to capital to support leverage, demonstrate an operating plan capable of generating cash flows or the ability to potentially raise the additional capital necessary to cover its operating expenses and service its debt for a specific period. Specifically, we require that a prospective portfolio company demonstrate at the time of our proposed investment that in addition to having sufficient capital to support leverage, it has an operating plan capable of generating cash flows or raising the additional capital necessary to cover its operating expenses and service its debt for an additional six to twelve months subject to market conditions.
Security Interest - In many instances we seek a first priority security interest in all of the portfolio company’s tangible and intangible assets as collateral for our debt investment, subject in some cases to permitted exceptions. In other cases, we may obtain a negative pledge prohibiting a company from pledging or otherwise encumbering their intellectual property. Although we do not intend to operate as an asset-based lender, the estimated liquidation value of the assets, if any, collateralizing the debt securities that we hold is an important factor in our credit analysis and subject to assumptions that may change over the life of the investment especially when attempting to estimate the value of intellectual property. We generally evaluate both tangible assets, such as accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, and intangible assets, such as intellectual property, customer lists, networks and databases.
Covenants - Our investments may include one or more of the following covenants: cross-default; material adverse change provisions; requirements that the portfolio company provide periodic financial reports and operating metrics; and limitations on the portfolio company’s ability to incur additional debt, sell assets, dividend recapture, engage in transactions with affiliates and consummate an extraordinary transaction, such as a merger or recapitalization without our consent. In addition, we may require other performance or financial based covenants, as we deem appropriate.
Exit Strategy - Prior to making a debt investment that is accompanied by a warrant or other equity security in a prospective portfolio company, we analyze the potential for that company to increase the liquidity of its equity through a future event that would enable us to realize appreciation in the value of our equity interest. Liquidity events may include an IPO, a private sale of our equity interest to a third party, a merger or an acquisition of the company or a purchase of our equity position by the company or one of its stockholders.
Investment Process
We have organized our management team around the four key elements of our investment process:
Origination;
Underwriting;
Documentation; and
Loan and Compliance Administration.
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Our investment process is summarized in the following chart:
Chart.jpg
Origination
The origination process for our investments includes sourcing, screening, preliminary due diligence and deal structuring and negotiation, all leading to an executed non-binding term sheet. As of December 31, 2023, our investment origination team, which consists of more than 50 investment professionals, is headed by our Chief Investment Officer and Chief Executive Officer. The origination team is responsible for sourcing potential investment opportunities and members of the investment origination team use their extensive relationships with various leading financial sponsors, management contacts within technology-related companies, trade sources, technology conferences and various publications to source prospective portfolio companies. Our investment origination team is divided into life sciences, technology, SaaS finance, sustainable and renewable technology, and special situation sub-teams to better source potential portfolio companies.
In addition, we have developed a comprehensive proprietary database to track various aspects of our investment process including sourcing, originations, transaction monitoring and post-investment performance. Our proprietary database allows our origination team to maintain, cultivate and grow our industry relationships while providing our origination team with comprehensive details on companies in the technology-related industries and their financial sponsors.
If a prospective portfolio company generally meets certain underwriting criteria, we perform preliminary due diligence, which may include high level company and technology assessments, evaluation of its financial sponsors’ support, market analysis, competitive analysis, identifying key management, risk analysis and transaction size, pricing, return analysis and structure analysis. If the preliminary due diligence is satisfactory, and the origination team recommends moving forward, we then structure, negotiate and execute a non-binding term sheet with the potential portfolio company. Upon execution of a term sheet, the investment opportunity moves to the underwriting process to complete formal due diligence review and approval.
Underwriting
The underwriting review includes formal due diligence and approval of the proposed investment in the portfolio company.
Due Diligence - Our due diligence on a prospective investment is typically completed by two or more investment professionals whom we define as the underwriting team. The underwriting team for a proposed investment consists of the deal sponsor who typically possesses general industry knowledge and is responsible for originating and managing the transaction, other investment professionals who perform due diligence, credit and corporate financial analyses and our legal professionals, as needed. To ensure consistent underwriting, we generally use our standardized due diligence methodologies, which include due diligence on financial performance and credit risk as well as an analysis of the operations and the legal and applicable regulatory framework of a prospective portfolio company. The members of the underwriting team work together to conduct due diligence and understand the relationships among the prospective portfolio company’s business plan, operations and financial performance.
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As part of our evaluation of a proposed investment, the underwriting team prepares an investment memorandum for presentation to the investment committee. In preparing the investment memorandum, the underwriting team typically interviews select key management of the company and select financial sponsors and assembles information necessary to the investment decision. If and when appropriate, the investment professionals may also contact industry experts and customers, vendors or, in some cases, competitors of the company. The underwriting team collaborates with the credit and legal teams to ensure the final credit underwriting deal structure meets our standards. In addition to the aforementioned members of the investment team, each deal is also assigned to a member of the credit team. The credit team is responsible for making sure that all material risks in the transaction are identified and mitigated to the extent possible in the investment memorandum and that the legal documentation properly reflects the transaction as approved by the investment committee.
Approval Process - The sponsoring managing director or principal presents the investment memorandum to our investment committee for consideration. Each investment requires the approval of at least 80% of the investment committee members who are present and eligible to vote on the matter. The investment committee members include our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Credit Officer, and certain other senior investment professionals. The investment committee meets on an as-needed basis.
Documentation
Our legal department administers the documentation process for our investments. This department is responsible for documenting the transactions approved by our investment committee with a prospective portfolio company. This department negotiates loan documentation and, subject to appropriate approvals, final documents are prepared for execution by all parties. The legal department generally uses the services of external law firms to complete the necessary documentation.
Loan and Compliance Administration
Our investment committee, supported by our investment team, credit team, and finance department, administers loans and tracks covenant compliance, if applicable, of our investments and oversees periodic reviews of our critical functions to ensure adherence with our internal policies and procedures. After the funding of a loan in accordance with the investment committee’s approval, the loan is recorded in our loan administration software and our proprietary database. The investment team, credit team, and finance department are responsible for ensuring timely interest and principal payments and collateral management as well as advising the investment committee on the financial performance and trends of each portfolio company, including any covenant violations that occur, to aid us in assessing the appropriate course of action for each portfolio company and evaluating overall portfolio quality. In addition, the investment team and credit team advise the investment committee and the Audit Committee of our Board, accordingly, regarding the credit and investment grading for each portfolio company as well as changes in the value of collateral that may occur.
The investment team and credit team monitor our portfolio companies in order to determine whether the companies are meeting our financing criteria and their respective business plans and also monitors the financial trends of each portfolio company from its monthly or quarterly financial statements to assess the appropriate course of action for each company and to evaluate overall portfolio quality. In addition, our management team closely monitors the status and performance of each individual company through our proprietary database and periodic contact with our portfolio companies’ management teams and their respective financial sponsors.
Credit and Investment Grading System. Our investment and credit teams use an investment grading system to characterize and monitor our outstanding loans. They monitor and when appropriate, recommend changes to investment grading. Our investment committee reviews and approves the recommendations and/or changes to the investment grading. These approved investment gradings are provided on a quarterly basis to the Audit Committee and our Board, along with valuations for our investments which are submitted for approval.
From time to time, we will identify investments that require closer monitoring or become workout assets. We develop a workout strategy for workout assets and our investment committee monitors the progress against the strategy. We may incur losses from our investing activities; however, we work with our troubled portfolio companies to recover as much of our investments as is practicable, including possibly taking control of the portfolio company. There can be no assurance that principal will be recovered.
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We use the following investment grading system approved by our Board:
Grade 1Loans involve the least amount of risk in our portfolio. The borrower is performing above expectations, and the trends and risk profile is generally favorable.
Grade 2The borrower is performing as expected and the risk profile is neutral to favorable. All new loans are initially graded 2.
Grade 3The borrower may be performing below expectations, and the loan’s risk has increased materially since origination. We typically increase procedures to monitor a borrower when it is determined that credit risk has increased meaningfully since origination, such as, when the borrower is approaching a low liquidity point and an expected capital raise event is not imminent, when an expected milestone has slipped or failed, when performance or new business is materially below our plan, or if the estimated fair value of the enterprise is materially lower than it was when the loan was originated.
Grade 4The borrower is performing materially below expectations, and the loan risk has substantially increased since origination with the prospect of raising additional capital significantly in question. Loans graded 4 may experience some partial loss or full return of principal but are expected to realize some loss of interest which is not anticipated to be repaid in full, which, to the extent not already reflected, may require the fair value of the loan to be reduced to the amount we anticipate will be recovered. Grade 4 investments are closely monitored.
Grade 5The borrower is in workout, materially performing below expectations and a significant risk of principal loss is probable. Loans graded 5 will experience some partial principal loss or full loss of remaining principal outstanding is expected. Grade 5 loans will require the fair value of the loans be reduced to the amount, if any, we anticipate will be recovered.
As of December 31, 2023, our investment portfolio had a weighted average investment grading of 2.24.
Managerial Assistance
As a BDC, we are generally required to offer and provide, upon request, significant managerial assistance to our portfolio companies. This assistance could involve monitoring the operations of our portfolio companies, participating in board and management meetings, consulting with and advising officers of portfolio companies and providing other organizational and financial guidance, among other things. We may, from time to time, receive fees for these services. In the event that such fees are received, they are incorporated into our operating income and are passed through to our stockholders, given the nature of our structure as an internally managed BDC. See “—Regulation—Significant Managerial Assistance” for additional information.
COMPETITION
Our primary competitors provide financing to prospective portfolio companies and include non-bank financial institutions, federally or state-chartered banks, venture debt funds, financial institutions, venture capital funds, private equity funds, investment funds and investment banks. Many of these entities have greater financial and managerial resources than we have, and the 1940 Act imposes certain regulatory restrictions on us as a BDC to which many of our competitors are not subject. However, we believe that few of our competitors possess the expertise to properly structure and price debt investments to venture capital-backed and institutional capital-backed companies in technology-related industries. We believe that our specialization in financing technology-related companies will enable us to determine a range of potential values of intellectual property assets, evaluate the business prospects and operating characteristics of prospective portfolio companies and, as a result, identify investment opportunities that produce attractive risk-adjusted returns. For additional information concerning the competitive risks we face, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business Structure—We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities”.
HUMAN CAPITAL DISCLOSURES
As an internally managed BDC, we believe that one of the strengths and principal reasons for the long-term success of our company is the quality and dedication of our people. As of December 31, 2023, our team comprises over 100 professionals across our 9 offices globally. Our investment team is comprised of more than 50 employees, and is led by professionals with extensive experience in venture capital, structured finance, origination of debt and equity investments, commercial lending and acquisition finance with technology and biomedical companies. The investment team is supported by treasury, finance, operations, risk management, administrative support, IT and human resources professionals. We leverage the experience and relationships of our management team to successfully identify attractive investment opportunities, underwrite prospective portfolio companies and structure customized financing solutions. Our investment team leverages established contacts with leading venture capital and private equity fund sponsors, public and
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private companies, research institutions and other industry participants, to identify and source our investments. We believe that leveraging the relationships that our investment teams have established will enable us to continue to identify and attract well-positioned prospective portfolio companies.
Talent Acquisition and Retention
We are committed to attracting, developing, and retaining the right blend of talent to support our business. Our recruiting process is strategic and purposeful to ensure our business and culture continue to thrive. We may contract with employment agencies with whom we have developed relationships and who have learned our culture to assist with our recruitment efforts. From time to time, we may also contract with independent contractors on a temporary basis. We also sponsor an internship program that invites quality college students from a diverse pool of applicants to learn our business and contribute to our work for a period of approximately six months. Students who intern in our investment teams are provided visibility into the full investment process from due diligence to closing to ongoing portfolio management activities, and the internship may lead to permanent roles.
Retention of our personnel is important to the management of our business and believe that compensation and benefits and opportunities for professional development are a key driver of retention. We offer a competitive, compensation and benefits structure that we believe attracts current and prospective professionals relative to their local markets and industry. Our compensation strategy includes, for certain professionals, equity incentive plans. Such plans are structured to further align the interests of our professionals with those of our stockholders, and to cultivate a strong sense of ownership and commitment to our Company. To foster professional development, we provide training opportunities for our employees to continue to build their skills and increase their effectiveness as members of our team. Such opportunities include a variety of external and internal classes and training sessions as well as hands-on learning and one-on-one mentorship. Through our goal setting and performance review process, employees are annually evaluated by managers and senior management to ensure employees continue to develop and advance as expected. As we hire and develop individuals, we also plan for succession. We have succession plans in place for each of our named executive officers.
Our Culture
We are committed to fostering a workplace conducive to the open communication of any concerns regarding unethical, fraudulent or illegal activities. We seek to promote a safe environment that is free of harassment or bullying. We do not tolerate discrimination or harassment of any kind, including, but not limited to, sexual, gender identity, race, religion, ethnicity, age, or disability, among others. We seek feedback from employees on matters related to their employment or our operations including its financial statement disclosures, accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters. Under our Whistleblower Policy, each director, officer, regular full-time, part-time and temporary employee of the Company has the ability to confidentially report any: questionable or improper accounting, internal controls, auditing matters, disclosure, or fraudulent business practices or other illegal or unethical behavior. We seek to protect the confidentiality of those making reports of possible misconduct and our Whistleblower Policy prohibits retaliation against those who report activities believed in good faith to be a violation of any law, rule, regulation or internal policy.
Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics establishes applicable policies, guidelines, and procedures that promote ethical practices and conduct by the Company and all its employees, officers, and directors. Upon joining and annually, all employees receive compliance training. Our Whistleblower Policy and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics Policy can be found on our website at investor.htgc.com/corporate-governance/governance-documents. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference and into this Annual Report, and you should not consider that information to be part of this Annual Report.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
At Hercules, we feel strongly that building a diverse and inclusive team is an important priority. We aim to attract, motivate, and retain a diverse group of individuals and to create an inclusive community where all individuals are welcomed, valued, respected, and heard. We are proud that our workforce consists of diverse professionals including approximately 60% that are women or people of diverse ethnic backgrounds. Over 50% of our senior leaders, which includes our managing directors on the investment team and senior executives are women or people of diverse ethnic backgrounds. We strive to continue to create a welcoming and inclusive work environment for our employees.
Philanthropy
Hercules encourages and supports our employees to be active participants in our local communities. As a Company, we support local non-profit organizations by hosting annual fundraising, food, supply, and toy drives. In addition to our Company sponsored philanthropic initiatives, we also provide employees with paid days off to volunteer at organizations of their choice. Hercules supports a variety of non-profit organizations through corporate sponsorship and
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donations. In addition, we support our employees and the causes that are most important to them through our Charitable Donation Matching program, in which we match donations our employees make to qualified 501(c)(3) non-profits (subject to maximum limits per employee).
For more information on our approach to social, governance, and environmental topics, please refer to our Environmental, Social and Governance Policy (“ESG Policy”), which can be found on our website at investor.htgc.com/esg. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference and into this Annual Report, and you should not consider that information to be part of this Annual Report.
REGULATION
We have elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. The following discussion is a general summary of the material prohibitions and descriptions governing BDCs. It does not purport to be a complete description of all of the laws and regulations affecting BDCs.
Regulation as a Business Development Company
A BDC primarily focuses on investing in or lending to private companies and making significant managerial assistance available to them, while providing its stockholders with the ability to retain the liquidity of a publicly traded stock. The 1940 Act contains prohibitions and restrictions relating to transactions between BDCs and their directors and officers and principal underwriters and certain other related persons and requires that a majority of the directors be persons other than “interested persons,” as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. In addition, the 1940 Act provides that we may not change the nature of our business so as to cease to be, or to withdraw our election as, a BDC unless approved by a majority of our outstanding voting securities as defined in the 1940 Act. A majority of the outstanding voting securities of a company is defined under the 1940 Act as the lesser of: (i) 67% or more of such company’s shares present at a meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such company are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of such company.
Qualifying Assets
Under the 1940 Act, a BDC may not acquire any asset other than assets of the type listed in Section 55(a) of the 1940 Act, which are referred to as qualifying assets, unless, at the time the acquisition is made, qualifying assets represent at least 70% of the company’s total assets. The principal categories of qualifying assets relevant to our business are the following:
(1)Securities purchased in transactions not involving any public offering from the issuer of such securities, which issuer (subject to certain limited exceptions) is an eligible portfolio company, or from any person who is, or has been during the preceding 13 months, an affiliated person of an eligible portfolio company, or from any other person, subject to such rules as may be prescribed by the SEC. An eligible portfolio company is defined in the 1940 Act as any issuer which:
(a)is organized under the laws of, and has its principal place of business in, the United States;
(b)is not an investment company (other than a SBIC wholly owned by the BDC) or a company that would be an investment company but for certain exclusions under the 1940 Act; and
(c)does not have any class of securities listed on a national securities exchange; or if it has securities listed on a national securities exchange such company has a market capitalization of less than $250 million; is controlled by the BDC and has an affiliate of a BDC on its Board; or meets such other criteria as may be established by the SEC.
(2)Securities of any portfolio company which we control, as defined by the 1940 Act.
(3)Securities purchased in a private transaction from a U.S. issuer that is not an investment company or from an affiliated person of the issuer, or in transactions incident thereto, if the issuer is in bankruptcy and subject to reorganization or if the issuer, immediately prior to the purchase of its securities was unable to meet its obligations as they came due without material assistance other than conventional lending or financing arrangements.
(4)Securities of an eligible portfolio company purchased from any person in a private transaction if there is no ready market for such securities and we already own 60% of the outstanding equity of the eligible portfolio company.
(5)Securities received in exchange for or distributed on or with respect to securities described in (1) through (4) above, or pursuant to the exercise of warrants or rights relating to such securities.
(6)Cash, cash equivalents, U.S. Government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment.
We do not intend to acquire securities issued by any investment company, including other BDCs, that exceed the limits imposed by the 1940 Act. Under these limits, we generally cannot acquire more than 3% of the voting stock of any
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investment company (as defined in the 1940 Act), invest more than 5% of the value of our total assets in the securities of one such investment company or invest more than 10% of the value of our total assets in the securities of such other investment companies in the aggregate. SEC rules permit us to exceed these limits, subject to certain conditions. With regard to that portion of our portfolio invested in securities issued by investment companies, it should be noted that such investments might subject our stockholders to additional expenses.
Significant Managerial Assistance
BDCs generally must offer to make available to the issuer of the securities significant managerial assistance, except in circumstances where either (i) the BDC controls such issuer of securities or (ii) the BDC purchases such securities in conjunction with one or more other persons acting together and one of the other persons in the group makes available such managerial assistance. Making available significant managerial assistance means, among other things, any arrangement whereby the BDC, through its directors, officers or employees, offers to provide and, if accepted, does so provide, significant guidance and counsel concerning the management, operations or business objectives and policies of a portfolio company through monitoring of portfolio company operations, selective participation in board and management meetings, consulting with and advising a portfolio company’s officers or other organizational or financial guidance.
Temporary Investments
Pending investment in other types of qualifying assets, as described above, our investments may consist of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities or high-quality debt securities maturing in one year or less from the time of investment, which we refer to, collectively, as temporary investments, so that 70% of our assets are qualifying assets. We may invest in U.S. Treasury bills or in repurchase agreements, provided that such agreements are fully collateralized by cash or securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies. A repurchase agreement involves the purchase by an investor, such as us, of a specified security and the simultaneous agreement by the seller to repurchase it at an agreed upon future date and at a price which is greater than the purchase price by an amount that reflects an agreed-upon interest rate. There is no percentage restriction on the proportion of our assets that may be invested in such repurchase agreements. However, if more than 25% of our total assets constitute repurchase agreements from a single counterparty, we generally would not meet the diversification tests imposed on us by the Code in order to qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal tax purposes. Thus, we do not intend to enter into repurchase agreements with a single counterparty in excess of this limit. We will monitor the creditworthiness of the counterparties with which we enter into repurchase agreement transactions.
Warrants, Options, and Restricted Stock
Under the 1940 Act, a BDC is subject to restrictions on the amount of warrants, options, restricted stock or rights to purchase shares of capital stock that it may have outstanding at any time. In particular, the amount of capital stock that would result from the conversion or exercise of all outstanding warrants, options or other rights to purchase or convert into capital stock cannot exceed 25% of the BDC’s total outstanding shares of capital stock. This amount is reduced to 20% of the BDC’s total outstanding shares of capital stock if the amount of warrants, options or rights issued pursuant to an executive compensation plan would exceed 15% of the BDC’s total outstanding shares of capital stock. We have received exemptive relief from the SEC permitting us to issue stock options and restricted stock to our employees and directors subject to the above conditions, among others. For a discussion regarding the conditions of this exemptive relief, see “—No-action and Exemptive Relief Obtained” below and "Note 8 - Equity Incentive Plans" to our consolidated financial statements.
Reduced Asset Coverage Requirements
In accordance with the Small Business Credit Availability Act ("SBCAA"), our Board and stockholders approved the reduction of our minimum asset coverage ratio applicable under Section 61(a)(2) of the 1940 Act on September 4, 2018 and December 6, 2018, respectively. As a result, effective December 7, 2018, the minimum asset coverage ratio under the 1940 Act applicable to us decreased from 200% to 150%, permitting us to incur additional leverage.
Senior Securities; Coverage Ratio
We will be permitted, under specified conditions, to issue multiple classes of indebtedness and one class of stock senior to our common stock if our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, is at least equal to 150% immediately after each such issuance. In addition, we may not be permitted to declare any cash dividend distribution on our outstanding common shares, or purchase any such shares, unless, at the time of such declaration or purchase, we have asset coverage of at least 150% after deducting the amount of such distribution or purchase price. On April 5, 2007, we received approval from the SEC on our request for exemptive relief that permits us to exclude the indebtedness of our wholly owned subsidiaries that are SBICs from the 150% asset coverage requirement applicable to us. We may also borrow amounts up to 5% of the value of our total assets for temporary or emergency purposes. For a discussion of the risks associated with the
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resulting leverage, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related To Leverage—Because we borrow money, the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested in us is magnified and may increase the risk of investing in us.”
Capital Structure
Subject to limited exceptions, we are not generally able to issue and sell our common stock at a price per share below NAV. We may, however, sell our common stock, or warrants, options or other rights to acquire such common stock, at a price below the current NAV if our Board determines that such sale is in the best interests of our stockholders and if stockholders, including a majority of those stockholders that are not affiliated with us, approve of such sale.
In any such case, the price at which our securities are to be issued and sold may not be less than a price that, in the determination of the Board, closely approximates the market value of such securities (less any distribution commission or discount). Our stockholders have authorized us to issue common stock at a price below the then-current NAV per share, subject to certain conditions including Board approval, for a twelve-month period expiring on July 20, 2024. We cannot predict whether we will make any such sales.
Other 1940 Act Regulations
As a closed-end investment company that has elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act, we are periodically examined by, and required to submit information to, the SEC for compliance with the Exchange Act and the 1940 Act. We are also prohibited under the 1940 Act from knowingly participating in certain transactions with our affiliates without the prior approval of our Board who are not interested persons and, in some cases, prior approval by the SEC. We are required by the 1940 Act to provide and maintain a bond issued by a reputable fidelity insurance company to protect us against larceny and embezzlement. Furthermore, as a BDC, we are prohibited from protecting any director or officer against any liability to our stockholders arising from willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such person’s office. We are also required to adopt and implement written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent violation of the federal securities laws, review these policies and procedures annually for their adequacy and the effectiveness of their implementation. Our Chief Compliance Officer is responsible for administering these policies and procedures.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted and will maintain a code of ethics that establishes procedures for personal investments and restricts certain personal securities transactions. Personnel subject to the code may invest in securities for their personal investment accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by us, so long as such investments are made in accordance with the code’s requirements. We may be prohibited under the 1940 Act from conducting certain transactions with our affiliates without the prior approval of our directors who are not interested persons and, in some cases, the prior approval of the SEC.
Our current code of ethics is posted on our website at investor.htgc.com/corporate-governance/governance-documents. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference and into this Annual Report, and you should not consider that information to be part of this Annual Report. In addition, the code of ethics is available on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. You may also obtain copies of the code of ethics, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Privacy Principles
We are committed to maintaining the privacy of our stockholders and safeguarding their non-public personal information. The following information is provided to help you understand what personal information we collect, how we protect that information and why, in certain cases, we may share information with select other parties.
Generally, we do not receive any non-public personal information relating to our stockholders, although certain non-public personal information of our stockholders may become available to us. We do not disclose any non-public personal information about our stockholders or former stockholders, except as permitted by law or as is necessary in order to service stockholder accounts (for example, to a transfer agent).
We restrict access to non-public personal information about our stockholders to our employees with a legitimate business need for the information. We maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards designed to protect the non-public personal information of our stockholders.
Indemnification Agreements
We have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers. The indemnification agreements are intended to provide our directors and executive officers the maximum indemnification permitted under Maryland law and the 1940 Act. Each indemnification agreement provides that we shall indemnify the director or executive
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officer who is a party to the agreement, or an “Indemnitee,” including the advancement of legal expenses, if, by reason of his or her corporate status, the Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be, made a party to or a witness in any threatened, pending, or completed proceeding, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and the 1940 Act. We and our executives and directors are covered by Directors and Officers Insurance, with the directors and officers being indemnified by us to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law subject to the restrictions in the 1940 Act.
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
We vote proxies relating to our portfolio securities in the best interest of our stockholders. Our proxy voting decisions are made by members of the Company's investment team, who review on a case-by-case basis each proposal submitted to a stockholder vote to determine its impact on the portfolio securities held by us. Although we generally vote against proposals that may have a negative impact on our portfolio securities, we may vote for such a proposal if there exists compelling long-term reasons to do so. We generally do not believe it is necessary to engage the services of an independent third party to assist in issue analysis and vote recommendation for proxy proposals.
To ensure that our vote is not the product of a conflict of interest, we require that: (i) anyone involved in the decision making process disclose to our Chief Compliance Officer any potential conflict that he or she is aware of and any contact that he or she has had with any interested party regarding a proxy vote; and (ii) employees involved in the decision making process or vote administration are prohibited from revealing how we intend to vote on a proposal in order to reduce any attempted influence from interested parties.
Small Business Administration Regulations
We make investments in qualifying small businesses through wholly owned SBIC subsidiaries. SBICs are designed to stimulate the flow of private equity capital to eligible small businesses. Under present SBA regulations, eligible small businesses include those businesses that are below small business size standards as published by the North American Industry Classification System (“NASIC”) and adopted by the SBA or any eligible business that has a tangible net worth not exceeding $19.5 million and have average annual fully taxed net income not exceeding $6.5 million for the two most recent fiscal years. In addition, SBICs must devote 25.0% of its investment activity to “smaller” enterprises as defined by the SBA. A smaller enterprise is one that meets the NASIC size standard for its industry or has a tangible net worth not exceeding $6.0 million and has average annual fully taxed net income not exceeding $2.0 million for the two most recent fiscal years. According to SBA regulations, SBICs may make long-term loans to small businesses, invest in the equity securities of such businesses and provide them with consulting and advisory services.
Each SBIC subsidiary is subject to regulation and oversight by the SBA, including requirements with respect to maintaining certain minimum financial ratios and other covenants. As part of the SBA's oversight, each SBIC is periodically examined and audited by the SBA’s staff to determine their compliance with SBA regulations. If any of our SBICs fails to comply with applicable SBA regulations, the SBA could, depending on the severity of the violation, limit or prohibit our SBICs' use of debentures, declare outstanding debentures immediately due and payable, and/or limit our SBICs from making new investments. In addition, our SBICs may also be limited in their ability to make distributions to us if they do not have sufficient capital in accordance with SBA regulations. Such actions by the SBA would, in turn, negatively impact us because our SBICs are wholly owned subsidiaries. Further, the SBA restricts the ability of SBICs to repurchase their capital stock. SBA regulations also include restrictions on a “change of control” or transfer of an SBIC and require that SBICs invest idle funds in accordance with SBA regulations. As of December 31, 2023, as a result of having sufficient capital as defined under the SBA regulations, our SBICs were in compliance with the terms of the SBA’s leverage requirements.
The receipt of an SBIC license does not assure that a SBIC will receive SBA guaranteed debenture funding, which is dependent upon our SBICs continuing to be in compliance with SBA regulations and policies. The SBA, as a creditor, will have a superior claim to our SBICs’ assets over our stockholders in the event we liquidate our SBICs or the SBA exercises its remedies under the SBA-guaranteed debentures issued by our SBICs upon an event of default.
Compliance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Sarbanes-Oxley Act
We are subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements of the Exchange Act, including the filing of quarterly, annual and current reports, proxy statements and other required items. In addition, we are subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which imposes a wide variety of regulatory requirements on publicly-held companies and their insiders. For example:
pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are required to certify the accuracy of the consolidated financial statements contained in our periodic reports;
pursuant to Item 307 of Regulation S-K, our periodic reports are required to disclose our conclusions about the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures;
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pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act, our management is required to prepare a report regarding its assessment of our internal control over financial reporting, which must be audited by our independent registered public accounting firm;
pursuant to Item 308 of Regulation S-K and Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act, our periodic reports must disclose whether there were significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires us to review our policies and procedures to determine whether we comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder. We will continue to monitor our compliance with all future regulations that are adopted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and will take actions necessary to ensure that we are in compliance therewith.
Compliance with The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Corporate Governance Regulations
Our common stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol “HTGC”. As a listed company on the NYSE, we are subject to various listing standards including corporate governance listing standards. We believe we are in compliance with such corporate governance listing standards. We intend to monitor our compliance with all future listing standards and to take all necessary actions to ensure that we stay in compliance.
Brokerage Allocations and Other Practices
Because we generally acquire and dispose of our investments in privately negotiated transactions, we typically do not use brokers in the normal course of business. However, from time to time, we may work with brokers to sell positions we have acquired in the securities of publicly listed companies or to acquire positions (principally equity) in companies where we see a market opportunity to acquire such securities at attractive valuations. In cases where we do use a broker, we do not execute transactions through any particular broker or dealer, but will seek to obtain the best net results for the Company, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer spread), size of order, difficulty of execution, and operational facilities of the firm and the firm’s risk and skill in positioning blocks of securities. While we generally seek reasonably competitive execution costs, we may not necessarily pay the lowest spread or commission available. Subject to applicable legal requirements, we may select a broker based partly upon brokerage or research services provided to us. In return for such services, we may pay a higher commission than other brokers would charge if we determine in good faith that such commission is reasonable in relation to the services provided.
No-action and Exemptive Relief Obtained
On May 11, 2020, we received no-action relief from the SEC staff that allowed us to form the Adviser Subsidiary as a registered investment adviser under the Advisers Act. Separately, for information regarding our SEC exemptive relief obtained, please see the section entitled “Regulation – Exemptive Relief Obtained” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on February 20, 2020 (the “2019 10-K”), which is incorporated by reference.
Investment Adviser Regulation
The Adviser Subsidiary, which is wholly owned by us, is subject to regulation under the Advisers Act. The Advisers Act establishes, among other things, recordkeeping and reporting requirements, disclosure requirements, limitations on transactions between the adviser's account and an advisory client's account, limitations on transactions between the accounts of advisory clients, and general anti-fraud prohibitions. The Adviser Subsidiary may be examined by the SEC from time to time for compliance with the Advisers Act.
CERTAIN UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion is a general summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax considerations relating to our qualification and taxation as a RIC and the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our preferred stock or common stock, but does not purport to be a complete description of the income tax considerations relating thereto. Except as otherwise noted, this discussion assumes you are a taxable U.S. person (as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) and that you hold your shares of our stock as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes (generally, assets held for investment). This discussion is based upon current provisions of the Code, the regulations promulgated thereunder and judicial and administrative authorities, all of which are subject to change or differing interpretations by the courts or the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), possibly with retroactive effect. No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of all U.S. federal income tax concerns affecting us and our stockholders (including stockholders subject to special rules under U.S. federal income tax law).
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The discussions set forth herein do not constitute tax advice. We have not sought and will not seek any ruling from the IRS regarding any matters discussed herein. No assurance can be given that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to those set forth below. This summary does not discuss any aspects of foreign, state or local tax. Prospective investors must consult their own tax advisers as to the U.S. federal income tax consequences (including the alternative minimum tax consequences) of acquiring, holding and disposing of shares of our stock, as well as the effects of state, local, and foreign tax laws.
Election to be Subject to Tax as a Regulated Investment Company
Through December 31, 2005, we were subject to U.S. federal income tax as a corporation under Subchapter C of the Code. Effective for the tax year beginning on January 1, 2006, we met the criteria specified below to qualify as a RIC and elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M Part I of the Code. To qualify for treatment as a RIC we must, among other requirements, meet certain source of income and asset diversification tests, as well as distribution requirements, which are described in the below section.
Qualifying as a Regulated Investment Company
In order to qualify as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes and obtain the tax benefits of our RIC status, we must, among other requirements:
have in effect at all times during each taxable year an election to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act;
derive in each taxable year at least 90% of our gross income from (a) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale of stock or other securities, foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to our business of investing in such stock or securities and (b) net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (the “Income Test”);
diversify our holdings so that at the end of each quarter of the taxable year:
at least 50% of the value of our assets consists of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other securities if such other securities of any one issuer do not represent more than 5% of the value of our assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer; and
no more than 25% of the value of our assets is invested in (i) securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of any one issuer, (ii) securities (other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs) of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable tax rules, by us and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or (iii) securities of one or more “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (the “Asset Test”).
distribute to our stockholders, in respect of each taxable year, dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of our "investment company taxable income," which is generally equal to the sum of our net ordinary income plus the excess of our realized net short-term capital gains over our realized net long-term capital losses, determined without regard to any deduction for distributions paid (the "Distribution Requirements").
Taxation as a Regulated Investment Company
Following our RIC election, we made the election to recognize built-in gains as of the effective date of our election to be treated as a RIC and therefore were not subject to any built-in gains tax when we sold those assets. However, if we subsequently acquire built-in gain assets from a C corporation in a carryover basis transaction, then we may be subject to taxes on the gains recognized by us on the dispositions of such assets unless we make a special election to pay corporate-level taxes on such built-in gain at the time the assets are acquired. We will be subject to U.S. federal income taxes at regular corporate rates on any income or capital gains not distributed (or deemed distributed) and dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to our stockholders.
For any taxable year after our initial election year, in which we:
qualify as a RIC; and
distribute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to our stockholders of an amount at least equal to the Distribution Requirements.
We generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of our investment company taxable income and net capital gains we distribute (or are deemed to distribute) as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to stockholders with respect to that taxable year.
As a RIC, we will be subject to a 4% non-deductible U.S. federal excise tax on certain undistributed income and gains unless we make distributions treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a timely manner to our
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stockholders in respect of each calendar year of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of our ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of our capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the 1-year period ending October 31 of each such calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income realized, but not distributed, in preceding calendar years (“Excise Tax Requirement”). We are not subject to this excise tax on any amount on which we incurred U.S. federal income taxes.
Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a taxable year, we may choose to carry over taxable income in excess of current taxable year distributions treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes from such taxable income into the next taxable year and incur a 4% U.S. federal excise tax on such taxable income, as required. The maximum amount of excess taxable income that may be carried over for distribution in the next taxable year under the Code is the total amount of distributions treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes paid in the following taxable year, subject to certain declaration and payment guidelines. To the extent we choose to carry over taxable income into the next tax year, distributions declared and paid by us in a tax year may differ from our taxable income for that tax year. As such, distributions may include the distribution of the current tax year taxable income, the distribution of the prior tax year taxable income that has been carried over and distributed in the current tax year, or may include a return of capital.
Taxable Income Considerations
We may invest in partnerships which may result in us being subject to state, local, or foreign income, franchise or other tax liabilities. In addition, some of the income and fees that we may recognize will not be qualifying income under the Income Test. In order to mitigate the risk that such income and fees would disqualify us as a RIC as a result of a failure to satisfy the Income Test, we may be required to recognize such income and fees indirectly through one or more entities classified as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such corporations generally will be subject to U.S. federal, state, and potentially local taxes, which ultimately will reduce our return on such income and fees.
We may be required to recognize taxable income in circumstances in which we do not receive a corresponding payment in cash. For example, certain debt investments may earn OID or PIK income, which we must include in taxable income regardless of whether cash representing such income is received by us in the same tax year. Because OID or PIK income recognized is generally required to be included in our taxable income in the tax year it is recognized, we may be required to make a distribution to our stockholders in order to satisfy the Distribution Requirements or the Excise Tax Requirement even though we will not have received any corresponding cash amounts.
Gains or losses realized by us from the sale or exchange of equity or warrants acquired by us, as well as any losses attributable to the lapse of such warrants, generally will be treated as capital gains or losses. Such capital gains or losses will be long-term or short-term, depending on how long we held related equity or warrant instrument.
Investment income received from sources located within foreign countries, or capital gains earned by investing in securities of foreign issuers, may be subject to foreign income taxes and withheld at the source. In this regard, countries with which the United States does not have a tax treaty can result in high withholding tax rates, dependent on each taxpayer's circumstances. The United States has entered into tax treaties with many foreign countries that may entitle us to a reduced rate of tax or exemption from tax on this related income and capital gains. The effective rate of foreign taxes may vary depending on the location, status of tax treaties, changes in international tax laws, and types of investment held, among other reasons. Further, we do not anticipate being eligible for the special election that allows a RIC to treat foreign income taxes paid by us as having been paid by its stockholders.
If we acquire the equity securities of passive foreign investment companies (“PFICs”), which are foreign corporations that earn at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such as interest, dividends, rents, royalties or capital gain) or hold at least 50% of their total assets in investments producing such passive income, we could be subject to federal income tax and additional interest charges on “excess distributions” received from such companies or gain from the sale of stock in such companies, even if all income or gain actually received by us is timely distributed to our stockholders to the extent that such income or gain is attributable to our ownership of PFIC stock in a prior taxable year. We would not be able to pass through to our stockholders any credit or deduction for such a tax. Certain elections may, if available, ameliorate these adverse tax consequences, but any such election could require us to recognize taxable income or gain without the concurrent receipt of cash. We intend to limit and/or manage our holdings in PFICs to minimize our liability for any such taxes and related interest charges.
If we acquire the equity securities of a controlled foreign corporation (a “CFC”), which is a foreign corporation in which more than 50% of the stock, by vote or value, is owned by U.S. persons each of whom either directly or constructively own 10% or more of the stock of a foreign corporation by vote or by value, we would generally be required to include as ordinary income our allocable share of the CFC's income derived from certain specified sources with our investment company taxable income for such tax year, regardless of when the CFC makes distributions to us. We intend to
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limit and/or manage our holdings in issuers that could be treated as CFCs in order to limit our tax liability or maximize our after-tax return from these investments.
Our functional currency, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is the U.S. dollar. Under the Code, foreign exchange gains and losses realized by us in connection with certain transactions involving foreign currencies, or payables or receivables denominated in a foreign currency, as well as certain non-U.S. dollar denominated debt securities, certain foreign currency futures contracts, foreign currency option contracts, foreign currency forward contracts, and similar financial instruments are subject to Code provisions that generally treat such gains and losses as ordinary income and losses and may affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to our stockholders. Any such transactions that are not directly related to our investment in securities (possibly including speculative currency positions or currency derivatives not used for hedging purposes) also could, under future Treasury regulations, produce income not among the types of qualifying income from which a RIC must derive at least 90% of its annual gross income.
Distribution Considerations
Under applicable Treasury regulations and other administrative guidance issued by the IRS, we are permitted to treat certain distributions payable in our stock as taxable distributions that will satisfy the Distribution Requirements as well as the Excise Tax Requirement, provided that stockholders have the opportunity to elect to receive the distribution in cash. Taxable stockholders receiving such distributions will be required to include the full amount of such distributions as ordinary income (or as long-term capital gains to the extent such distribution is properly reported as a capital gain dividend) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a U.S. stockholder may be subject to tax with respect to such distributions in excess of any cash received. If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock it receives as a distribution in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the distribution, depending on the market price of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to non-U.S. stockholders, we may be required to withhold certain U.S. taxes with respect to such distributions, including in respect of all or a portion of such distribution that is payable in stock. In addition, if a significant number of our stockholders determine to sell shares of our stock in order to pay taxes owed on distributions, then such sales may put downward pressure on the trading price of our stock. We may in the future determine to make taxable distributions that are payable in part in our common stock.
We are authorized to borrow funds and to sell assets in order to satisfy the Distribution Requirements and the Excise Tax Requirement (collectively the "Code Distributions"). However, under the 1940 Act, we are not permitted to make distributions to our stockholders while our debt obligations and other senior securities are outstanding unless certain “asset coverage” tests are met. See “Regulation—Senior Securities; Coverage Ratio”. Additionally, we may also be restricted from making distributions under the terms of our debt obligations themselves unless certain conditions are satisfied. Moreover, our ability to dispose of assets to meet the Code Distributions may be limited by (1) the illiquid nature of our portfolio, or (2) other requirements relating to our status as a RIC, including the Diversification Tests. If we dispose of assets in order to meet the Code Distributions, we may make such dispositions at times that, from an investment standpoint, are not advantageous. If we are prohibited from making distributions or are unable to obtain cash from other sources to make the distributions, we may lose our RIC status.
In addition, we may have to request a waiver of the SBA’s restrictions applicable to our SBICs to enable us to meet the RIC Distribution Requirement. Our SBIC subsidiaries are subject to regulation by the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, as amended, and SBA regulations governing SBICs. Certain SBA regulations may restrict us from making distributions from our SBICs that may be necessary to make RIC distributions in order to maintain our status as a RIC. While we may request a waiver of the SBA's restrictions, we cannot assure you that the SBA will grant such waiver. If our SBICs are unable to obtain a waiver, compliance with the SBA regulations may cause us to lose our RIC status.
Certain of our investment practices are subject to special and complex U.S. federal income tax provisions that may, among other things, (i) convert distributions that would otherwise constitute qualified dividend income into ordinary income, (ii) treat distributions that would otherwise be eligible for deductions available to certain U.S. corporations under the Code as ineligible for such treatment, (iii) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, (iv) convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains or ordinary income, (v) convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses, (vi) convert an ordinary loss or deduction into a capital loss (the deductibility of which is more limited), (vii) cause us to recognize income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, (viii) adversely alter the characterization of certain complex financial transactions, and (ix) produce gross income that will not constitute qualifying gross income for purposes of the Income Test. These rules also could affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to stockholders.
A RIC is limited in its ability to deduct expenses in excess of its taxable income. If our otherwise deductible expenses in a given tax year exceed our ordinary taxable gross income, we would incur a net operating loss for that tax year. However, a RIC is not permitted to carry back or carry forward net operating losses, respectively, to prior and
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subsequent tax years, and such net operating losses would not pass through to the RIC’s stockholders. In addition, deductible expenses can only be used to offset investment company taxable income, and not any net capital gains recognized. Furthermore, RICs cannot use net capital losses to offset the RIC’s investment company taxable income. However, a RIC generally may carry forward such net capital losses in order to use them as an offset to future capital gains indefinitely. Due to these limitations on the deductibility of expenses and net capital losses, we may for U.S. federal tax purposes have aggregate taxable income for several tax years that we are required to distribute and that is taxable to our stockholders even if such taxable income is greater than the aggregate net income we actually earned during those tax years. Such required distributions may be made from our cash assets or by liquidation of investments, if necessary. We may realize capital gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event we realize net capital gains from such transactions, you may receive a larger capital gain distribution than you would have received in the absence of such transactions.
Failure to Qualify as a Regulated Investment Company
If we were unable to qualify for treatment as a RIC and are unable to rectify the failure, for example, by disposing of certain investments timely or raising additional capital to prevent the loss of RIC status, we generally would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on all of our taxable income at regular corporate rates. The Code provides some relief from RIC disqualification due to failures to comply with the Income Test and the Asset Test, although there could be additional taxes due in such cases. We cannot assure you that we would qualify for any such relief should we fail the Income Test or the Asset Test.
Should failure occur, not only would all our taxable income be subject to U.S. federal income taxes at regular corporate rates, we would not be able to deduct dividend distributions to stockholders, nor would they be required to be made. Distributions, including distributions of net long-term capital gain, would generally be treated as ordinary dividend income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. Subject to certain limitations under the Code, certain corporate stockholders would be eligible to claim dividends received deduction with respect to such dividends and non-corporate stockholders would generally be able to treat such dividends as “qualified dividend income,” which is subject to reduced rates of U.S. federal income tax. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits would be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the stockholder’s tax basis, and any remaining distributions would be treated as a capital gain. Further, we would also be subject to regular corporate tax on any net built-in gains with respect to certain of our assets (i.e., the excess of the aggregate gains, including items of income, over aggregate losses that would have been realized with respect to such assets if we had been liquidated) that we elect to recognize on requalification or when recognized over the next five taxable years. The remainder of this discussion assumes that we qualify as a RIC and have satisfied the Distribution Requirements.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
We determine the NAV per share of our common stock quarterly. The NAV per share is equal to the value of our total assets minus liabilities and any preferred stock outstanding divided by the total number of shares of common stock outstanding. As of the date of this report, we do not have any preferred stock outstanding.
As of December 31, 2023, approximately 95.1% of our total assets represented investments in portfolio companies whose fair value is determined in good faith by the Board. Value, as defined in Section 2(a)(41) of the 1940 Act, is (i) the market price for those securities for which a market quotation is readily available and (ii) for all other securities and assets, fair value is as determined in good faith by the Board. Our investments are carried at fair value in accordance with the 1940 Act and ASC Topic 946 and measured in accordance with ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. Our debt securities are primarily invested in venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies in technology-related industries including technology, drug discovery and development, biotechnology, life sciences, healthcare, and sustainable and renewable technology at all stages of development. Given the nature of lending to these types of businesses, substantially all of our investments in these portfolio companies are considered Level 3 assets under ASC Topic 820 because there is no known or accessible market or market indexes for these investment securities to be traded or exchanged. As such, we value substantially all of our investments at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to a consistent valuation policy by our Board in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 820 and the 1940 Act. Due to the inherent uncertainty in determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of our investments determined in good faith by our Board may differ significantly from the value that would have been used had a readily available market existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.
We intend to continue to engage one or more independent valuation firm(s) to provide us with assistance regarding our determination of the fair value of selected portfolio investments each quarter unless directed by the Board to cancel such valuation services. Specifically, on a quarterly basis, we will identify portfolio investments with respect to which an independent valuation firm will assist in valuing. We select these portfolio investments based on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the potential for material fluctuations in valuation results, credit quality and the time lapse since the last valuation of the portfolio investment by an independent valuation firm. The scope of the services
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rendered by an independent valuation firm is at the discretion of the Board. Our Board is ultimately, and solely, responsible for determining the fair value of our investments in good faith.
See “Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements for a detailed discussion of our investment portfolio valuation process and procedures.
Determinations in Connection with Offerings
In connection with each offering of shares of our common stock, the Board or a committee thereof is required to make the determination that we are not selling shares of our common stock at a price below our then current NAV at the time at which the sale is made, unless it is determined by the Board that such sale is in the best interests of our stockholders. The Board considers the following factors, among others, in making such determination:
the NAV of our common stock disclosed in the most recent periodic report we filed with the SEC;
our management’s assessment of whether any material change in the NAV has occurred (including through the realization of net gains on the sale of our portfolio investments) from the period beginning on the date of the most recently disclosed NAV to the period ending two days prior to the date of the sale of our common stock; and
the magnitude of the difference between (i) a value that our Board or an authorized committee thereof has determined reflects the current NAV of our common stock, which is generally based upon the NAV of our common stock disclosed in the most recent periodic report that we filed with the SEC, as adjusted to reflect our management’s assessment of any material change in the NAV of our common stock since the date of the most recently disclosed NAV of our common stock, and (ii) the offering price of the shares of our common stock in the proposed offering.
Importantly, this determination does not require that we calculate NAV in connection with each offering of shares of our common stock, but instead it involves the determination by the Board or a committee thereof that we are not selling shares of our common stock at a price below the then current NAV at the time at which the sale is made.
Moreover, to the extent there is a possibility that we may issue shares of our common stock at a price below the then current NAV (and we do not have requisite shareholder authorization and Board approval to do so), the Board or a committee thereof will elect to either (i) postpone the offering until such time that there is no longer the possibility of issuing shares at a price below the then current NAV or (ii) to undertake to determine NAV within two days prior to any such sale to ensure that such sale will not be below our then current NAV. In addition, if, during an offering pursuant to a prospectus, there is a possibility that we may trigger the undertaking to suspend the offering of shares of our common stock if the NAV fluctuates by certain amounts (as described in the relevant prospectus), the Board or a committee thereof will either (i) comply with such undertaking or (ii) undertake to determine NAV to ensure that such undertaking has not been triggered.
These processes and procedures are part of our compliance policies and procedures. Records will be made contemporaneously with all determinations described in this section and these records will be maintained with other records we are required to maintain under the 1940 Act.

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SUMMARY OF RISK FACTORS
The risk factors described below are a summary of the principal risk factors associated with an investment in us. These are not the only risks we face. You should carefully consider these risk factors, together with the risk factors set forth in Item 1A. of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the other reports and documents filed by us with the SEC.
Risks Related To Our Business And Structure
We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities.
We are dependent upon senior management personnel for our future success, particularly our CEO, Scott Bluestein.
Our success depends on attracting and retaining qualified personnel in a competitive environment.
Our business model depends to a significant extent upon strong referral relationships.
Our Board may change our operating policies and strategies without prior notice or stockholder approval, the effects of which may be adverse.
We may not be able to pay distributions to our stockholders, our distributions may not grow over time, and a portion of distributions paid to our stockholders may be a return of capital, which is a distribution of the stockholders’ invested capital.
We are subject to risks related to corporate social responsibility.
Risks Related To Our Investments
Our investments in portfolio companies involve higher levels of risk, and we could lose all or part of our investment.
Our investments are concentrated in certain technology-related industries, which subjects us to the risk of significant loss if any one or more of such industries experiences a downturn.
Our financial results could be negatively affected if a significant portfolio investment fails to perform as expected.
We may be exposed to higher risks with respect to our investments that include PIK interest or Exit fees.
The lack of liquidity in our investments may adversely affect our business.
We may not have the funds or ability to make additional investments in our portfolio companies.
There may be circumstances where our debt investments could be subordinated to claims of other creditors or we could be subject to lender liability claims.
We are a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and therefore we are not limited with respect to the proportion of our assets that may be invested in securities of a single issuer, which may subject us to a risk of significant loss if any such issuer experiences a downturn.
We generally will not control our portfolio companies, which may result in the portfolio company making decisions which could adversely impact the value of our investments in the portfolio company’s securities.
Defaults by our portfolio companies will harm our operating results.
Substantially all of our portfolio investments are recorded at fair value as determined in accordance with our Valuation Guidelines and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments.
Any unrealized depreciation we experience on our investment portfolio may be an indication of future realized losses, which could reduce our income available for distribution and could impair our ability to service our borrowings.
We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment and changes in interest rates will affect our cost of capital, net investment income and the value of our investments.
We may not realize gains from our equity or warrant investments.
Our investments in foreign securities or investments denominated in foreign currencies may involve significant risks in addition to the risks inherent in U.S. and U.S.-denominated investments.
Risks Related To Leverage
Because we borrow money, the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested in us is magnified and may increase the risk of investing in us.
Substantially all of our assets are subject to security interests under our senior securities and if we default on our obligations under our senior securities, we may suffer adverse consequences, including foreclosure on our assets.
Risks Related To Our Investment Management Activities
Our executive officers and employees, through the Adviser Subsidiary, are expected to manage the Adviser Funds or separately managed accounts, which includes funds from External Parties, that operate in the same or a related line of business as we do, which may result in significant conflicts of interest.
Investments in the Adviser Funds managed by our Adviser Subsidiary may create conflicts of interests.
We, through the Adviser Subsidiary, derive revenues from managing third-party funds pursuant to management agreements that may be terminated, which could negatively impact our operating results.
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Risks Related To BDCs
Failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations and changes in laws or regulations governing our operations may adversely affect our business or cause us to alter our business strategy.
Failure to maintain our status as a BDC would reduce our operating flexibility.
Operating under the constraints imposed on us as a BDC and RIC may hinder the achievement of our investment objectives.
Regulations governing our operation as a BDC will affect our ability to, and the way in which we, raise additional capital.
Risks Related To Our Securities
Investing in our securities may involve a high degree of risk.
Shares of closed-end investment companies, including BDCs, may trade at a discount to their NAV.
The market price of our securities may be volatile and fluctuate significantly.
Stockholders may incur dilution if we sell shares of our common stock in one or more offerings at prices below the then current NAV per share of our common stock or issue securities to subscribe to, convert to or purchase shares of our common stock.
Certain debt securities are unsecured and therefore effectively subordinated to any current or future secured indebtedness or may be structurally subordinated to the indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries.
Our debt securities may or may not have an established trading market. If a trading market in our debt securities is developed, it may not be maintained.
A downgrade, suspension, or withdrawal of the credit rating assigned by a rating agency to us or our debt securities, if any, or change in the debt markets could cause the liquidity or market value of our debt securities to decline significantly.
The indentures under which our debt securities were issued contain limited protections for the holders of the debt securities.
If we default on our obligations to pay our other indebtedness, we may not be able to make payments on our outstanding Notes and Credit Facilities.
We may not be able to prepay the Notes upon a change in control.
Risks Related To Our SBIC Subsidiaries
We, through our wholly owned subsidiary, issue debt securities guaranteed by the SBA and sold in the capital markets. As a result of its guarantee of the debt securities, the SBA has fixed dollar claims on the assets of our subsidiary that are superior to the claims of our securities holders.
Our wholly owned subsidiary is licensed by the SBA, and therefore subject to SBIC regulations.
Our SBIC subsidiary may be unable to make distributions to us that will enable us to meet or maintain RIC status, which could result in the imposition of an entity-level tax.
Risks Related To Operating As A RIC And U.S. Federal Income Taxes
We will be subject to U.S. federal income taxes if we are unable to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.
We may have difficulty paying the distributions required to maintain our RIC status under the Code if we recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income.
Legislative or regulatory tax changes could adversely affect our stockholders.
General Risk Factors
We are currently operating in a period of economic and political uncertainty, and capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability in the future. These market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt and equity capital markets in the United States and abroad, which may have a negative impact on our business and operations.
Terrorist attacks, acts of war, public health crises or natural disasters may affect any market for our securities, impact the businesses in which we invest and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
We are highly dependent on information systems and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may, in turn, negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to pay dividends.
The failure in cyber security systems, as well as the occurrence of events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems and business continuity planning could impair our ability to conduct business effectively.
We may be the target of litigation.

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Item 1A.    Risk Factors
Investing in our securities involves a number of significant risks. In addition to the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, you should carefully consider the following information before making an investment in our securities. The risks set forth below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or not presently deemed material by us may also impair our operations and performance. If any of the following events occur, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In such case, our NAV and the trading price of our common stock or the value of our other securities could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Related To Our Business Structure
We operate in a highly competitive market for investment opportunities.
We compete for investments with a number of other investment funds (including venture capital and private equity funds, debt funds, BDCs and SBICs), as well as traditional financial services companies such as commercial and investment banks and other sources of funding. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do. For example, some competitors may have a lower cost of funds and/or access to funding sources that are not available to us. In addition, some of our competitors may have higher risk tolerances or different risk assessments than we have. These characteristics could allow our competitors to consider a wider variety of investments, establish more relationships and offer better pricing and more flexible structuring than we are able to do. We may lose investment opportunities if we do not match our competitors’ pricing, terms and structure. If we do match our competitors’ pricing, terms or structure, we may not be able to achieve acceptable returns on our investments or may bear substantial risk of capital loss. A significant increase in the number and/or the size of our competitors in this target market could force us to accept less attractive investment terms. Furthermore, many of our competitors are not subject to the regulatory restrictions that the 1940 Act imposes on us as a BDC or that the Code imposes on us as a RIC.
We are dependent upon senior management personnel for our future success, particularly our CEO, Scott Bluestein.
We depend upon the members of our senior management, particularly Mr. Bluestein, and other key personnel for the identification, final selection, structuring, closing and monitoring of our investments. These employees have critical industry experience and relationships on which we rely to implement our business plan. Our future success depends on the continued service of our senior management team. The departure of Mr. Bluestein or any member of our senior management team or a significant number of the members of our investment team could have a material adverse effect on our ability to achieve our investment objective as well as our business, financial condition or results of operation. As a result, we may not be able to operate our business as we expect, and our ability to compete could be harmed, which could cause our operating results to suffer.
Our success depends on attracting and retaining qualified personnel in a competitive environment.
Our growth will require that we retain new investment and administrative personnel in a competitive market. Our ability to attract and retain personnel with the requisite credentials, experience and skills depends on several factors including, but not limited to, our ability to offer competitive wages, benefits and professional growth opportunities. Many of the entities, including investment funds (such as venture capital funds, private equity funds, debt funds and mezzanine funds) and traditional financial services companies, with which we compete for experienced personnel have greater resources than we have.
The competitive environment for qualified personnel may require us to take certain measures to ensure that we are able to attract and retain experienced personnel. Such measures may include increasing the attractiveness of our overall compensation packages, altering the structure of our compensation packages through the use of additional forms of compensation, or other steps. The inability to attract and retain experienced personnel would have a material adverse effect on our business.
As an internally managed BDC, we are subject to certain restrictions that may adversely affect our business.
As an internally managed BDC, the size and categories of our assets under management is limited, and we are unable to offer as wide a variety of financial products to prospective portfolio companies and sponsors (potentially limiting the size and diversification of our asset base). We therefore may not achieve efficiencies of scale and greater management resources available to externally managed business development companies. In addition, if we fail to comply with restrictions applicable to an internally managed BDC, for example with respect to the portion of our assets representing qualifying assets, we may be subject to further restrictions that could have a negative impact on our business. See “Item 1. Business — Regulation.”
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Additionally, as an internally managed BDC, our ability to offer more competitive and flexible compensation structures, such as offering both a profit-sharing plan and an equity incentive plan, is subject to the limitations imposed by the 1940 Act, which limits our ability to attract and retain talented investment management professionals. As such, these limitations could inhibit our ability to grow, pursue our business plan and attract and retain professional talent, any or all of which may have a negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business model depends to a significant extent upon strong referral relationships.
We expect that members of our management team will maintain their relationships with venture capital and private equity firms, other financial institutions and intermediaries, investment bankers, commercial bankers, financial advisers, attorneys, accountants, consultants and other individuals within our network, and we will rely to a significant extent upon these relationships to provide us with potential investment opportunities. If we fail to maintain our existing relationships or develop new relationships with sources of investment opportunities, we will not be able to grow our investment portfolio. In addition, individuals with whom members of our management team have relationships are not obligated to provide us with investment opportunities and, therefore, there is no assurance that such relationships will general investment opportunities for us.
Our Board may change our operating policies and strategies without prior notice or stockholder approval, the effects of which may be adverse.
Our Board has the authority to modify or waive certain of our current operating policies and strategies without prior notice and without stockholder approval. We cannot predict the effect any changes to our current operating policies and strategies would have on our business, NAV, operating results and value of our stock. However, the effect might be adverse, which could negatively impact our ability to pay interest and principal payments to holders of our debt instruments and dividends to our stockholders and cause our investors to lose all or part of their investment in us.
We may not be able to pay distributions to our stockholders, our distributions may not grow over time, and a portion of distributions paid to our stockholders may be a return of capital, which is a distribution of the stockholders’ invested capital.
We intend to pay distributions to our stockholders out of assets legally available for distribution. We cannot assure you that we will achieve investment results that will allow us to pay a specified level of cash distributions, previously projected distributions for future periods, or year-to-year increases in cash distributions. Our ability to pay distributions might be adversely affected by, among other things, the impact of one or more of the risk factors described herein. In addition, the inability to satisfy the asset coverage test applicable to us as a BDC could limit our ability to pay distributions. All distributions will be paid at the discretion of our Board and will depend on our earnings, our financial condition, maintenance of our RIC status, compliance with applicable BDC regulations, compliance with our debt covenants and such other factors as our Board may deem relevant from time to time. We cannot assure you that we will pay distributions to our stockholders in the future.
When we make distributions, we will be required to determine the extent to which such distributions are paid out of current or accumulated taxable earnings, recognized capital gains or capital. To the extent there is a return of capital, investors will be required to reduce their basis in our stock for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which may result in higher tax liability when the shares are sold, even if they have not increased in value or have lost value. In addition, any return of capital will be net of any sales load and offering expenses associated with sales of shares of our common stock. In the future, our distributions may include a return of capital.
We are subject to risks related to corporate social responsibility.
Our business faces increasing public scrutiny related to environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) activities. We risk damage to our brand and reputation if we fail to act responsibly in a number of areas, such as diversity and inclusion, environmental stewardship, support for local communities, corporate governance and transparency and considering ESG factors in our investment processes. Adverse incidents with respect to ESG activities could impact the value of our brand, the cost of our operations and relationships with investors, all of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, new regulatory initiatives related to ESG could adversely affect our business. In addition, different stakeholder groups have divergent views on ESG matters, which increases the risk that any action or lack thereof with respect to ESG matters will be perceived negatively by at least some stakeholders and may adversely impact our reputation and business. If we do not successfully manage ESG-related expectations across these varied stakeholder interests, it could erode stakeholder trust, impact our reputation and constrain our business.
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Risks Related To Our Investments
Our investments in portfolio companies involve higher levels of risk, and we could lose all or part of our investment.
Investing in our portfolio companies exposes us indirectly to a number of significant risks. Among other things, these companies:
may have limited financial resources (including the inability to obtain additional equity or debt financing as needed) and may be unable to meet their obligations under their debt instruments that we hold, which may be accompanied by a deterioration in the value of any collateral and a reduction in the likelihood of us realizing any guarantees from subsidiaries or affiliates of our portfolio companies that we may have obtained in connection with our investment, as well as a corresponding decrease in the value of the equity components of our investments;
may require substantial additional financing to satisfy their continuing working capital and other cash requirements;
may have shorter operating histories, narrower product lines, smaller market shares and/or significant customer concentrations than larger businesses, which tend to render them more vulnerable to competitors’ actions and market conditions, as well as general economic downturns;
are more likely to depend on the management talents and efforts of a small group of persons; therefore, the death, disability, resignation, termination or significant under-performance of one or more of these persons could have a material adverse impact on our portfolio company and, in turn, on us;
generally have less predictable operating results which may fluctuate suddenly and dramatically, may from time-to-time be parties to litigation, may be engaged in rapidly changing businesses with products subject to a substantial risk of obsolescence, may require substantial additional capital to support their operations, finance expansion or maintain their competitive position, and may have more limited access to capital and higher funding costs;
may be adversely affected by a lack of IPO or merger and acquisition opportunities; and
generally have less publicly available information about their businesses, operations and financial condition. We are required to rely on the ability of our management team and investment professionals to obtain adequate information to evaluate the potential returns from investing in these companies. If we are unable to uncover all material information about these companies, we may not make a fully informed investment decision, and may lose all or part of our investment.
In addition, in the course of providing significant managerial assistance to certain of our portfolio companies, certain of our officers and directors may serve as directors on the boards of such companies. To the extent that litigation arises out of our investments in these companies, our officers and directors may be named as defendants in such litigation, which could result in an expenditure of funds (through our indemnification of such officers and directors) and the diversion of management time and resources.
A lack of IPO or merger and acquisition opportunities may cause companies to stay in our portfolio longer, leading to lower returns, unrealized depreciation, or realized losses.
A lack of IPO or merger and acquisition, or M&A, opportunities for private companies, including venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies could lead to portfolio companies staying longer in our portfolio as private entities still requiring funding. IPO activity in particular has slowed significantly during 2022-2023 and this trend may remain for the foreseeable future. This situation may adversely affect the amount of available funding for early-stage companies in particular as, in general, venture capital, institutional, and other sponsor firms are being forced to provide additional financing to late-stage companies that cannot complete an IPO or M&A transaction. In the best case, such stagnation would dampen returns, and in the worst case, could lead to unrealized depreciation and realized losses as some portfolio companies run short of cash and have to accept lower valuations in private fundings or are not able to access additional capital at all. A lack of IPO or M&A opportunities for private companies can also cause some venture capital, institutional, and other sponsor firms to change their strategies, leading some of them to reduce funding to their portfolio companies and making it more difficult for such companies to access capital and to fulfill their potential, which can result in unrealized depreciation and realized losses in such portfolio companies by other companies, such as ourselves, who are co-investors in such portfolio companies.
Investing in publicly traded companies can involve a high degree of risk and can be speculative.
A portion of our portfolio is invested in publicly traded companies or companies that are in the process of completing an IPO. As publicly traded companies, the securities of these companies may not trade at high volumes, and prices can be volatile, particularly during times of general market volatility, which may restrict our ability to sell our positions and may have a material adverse impact on us.
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In addition, our ability to invest in public companies may be limited in certain circumstances. To maintain our status as a BDC, we are not permitted to acquire any assets other than “qualifying assets” specified in the 1940 Act unless, at the time the acquisition is made and giving effect to it, at least 70% of our total assets are qualifying assets (with certain limited exceptions). Subject to certain exceptions for follow-on investments and distressed companies, an investment in an issuer that has outstanding securities listed on a national securities exchange may be treated as a qualifying asset only if such issuer has a market capitalization that is less than $250.0 million at any point in the 60 days prior to the time of such investment and meets the other specified requirements.
Our investments are concentrated in certain technology-related industries, which subjects us to the risk of significant loss if any one or more of such industries experiences a downturn.
We have invested and intend to continue investing in a number of companies that operate in technology-related industries. A downturn in one or more technology-related industry sectors and particularly those in which we are heavily concentrated could materially adversely affect our financial condition more than if we invested in a wider range of industries. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 78.5% of the fair value of our portfolio comprised investments in three industries: 38.7% comprised investments in the “Drug Discovery and Development” industry, 23.6% comprised investments in the “Software” industry and 16.2% comprised investments in the “Consumer & Business Services” industry. Companies in technology-related industries are subject to numerous risks, including:
Technology Industry (including Software and Consumer & Business Services Industries) Risk. The market prices and values of companies operating in the technology industry – including software and consumer and business services companies – tend to exhibit a greater degree of risk and volatility than other types of investments. These companies may fall in and out of favor with the public and investors rapidly, which may cause sudden selling and dramatically lower market prices. These companies also may be affected adversely by changes in technology, consumer and business purchasing patterns, short product cycles, falling prices and profits, government regulation, lack of standardization or compatibility with existing technologies, intense competition, aggressive pricing, advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, dependence on copyright and/or patent protection and/or obsolete products or services. Certain technology-related companies may face special risks that their products or services may not prove to be commercially successful. Technology-related companies are also strongly affected by worldwide scientific or technological developments. As a result, their products may rapidly become obsolete.
Companies in the application software industry, in particular, may also be negatively affected by the decline or fluctuation of subscription renewal rates for their products and services, which may have an adverse effect on profit margins. Companies in the systems software industry may be adversely affected by, among other things, actual or perceived security vulnerabilities in their products and services, which may result in individual or class action lawsuits, state or federal enforcement actions and other remediation costs.
Such companies are also often subject to governmental regulation and may, therefore, be adversely affected by governmental policies. In addition, a rising interest rate environment tends to negatively affect technology and technology-related companies. Those technology or technology-related companies seeking to finance their expansion would have increased borrowing costs, which may negatively impact their earnings. Technology-related companies are often smaller and less experienced companies and may be subject to greater risks than larger companies, such as limited product lines, markets and financial and managerial resources. These risks may be heightened for technology companies in foreign markets.
Drug Discovery & Development Industry Risk. The success of pharmaceutical companies operating in the drug discovery and development industry is highly dependent on the development, procurement and marketing of drugs. The values of pharmaceutical companies are also dependent on the development, protection and exploitation of intellectual property rights and other proprietary information, and the profitability of pharmaceutical companies may be significantly affected by such things as the expiration of patents or the loss of, or the inability to enforce, intellectual property rights. The research and other costs associated with developing or procuring new drugs and the related intellectual property rights can be significant, and the results of such research and expenditures are unpredictable. There can be no assurance that those efforts or costs will result in the development of a profitable drug. Pharmaceutical companies may be susceptible to product obsolescence. Many pharmaceutical companies face intense competition from new products and less costly generic products. Moreover, the process for obtaining regulatory approval by the FDA or other governmental regulatory authorities is long and costly and there can be no assurance that the necessary approvals will be obtained or maintained.
Pharmaceutical companies are also subject to rapid and significant technological change and competitive forces that may make drugs obsolete or make it difficult to raise prices and, in fact, may result in price discounting. Pharmaceutical companies may also be subject to expenses and losses from extensive litigation based on intellectual property, product liability and similar claims. Failure of pharmaceutical companies to comply with
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applicable laws and regulations can result in the imposition of civil and criminal fines, penalties and, in some instances, exclusion of participation in government sponsored programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. Pharmaceutical companies may be adversely affected by government regulation and changes in reimbursement rates. The ability of many pharmaceutical companies to commercialize current and any future products depends in part on the extent to which reimbursement for the cost of such products and related treatments are available from third party payors, such as Medicare, Medicaid, private health insurance plans and health maintenance organizations. Third-party payors are increasingly challenging the price and cost-effectiveness of medical products. Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of health care products, and there can be no assurance that adequate third-party coverage will be available for pharmaceutical companies to obtain satisfactory price levels for their products.
The international operations of many pharmaceutical companies expose them to risks associated with instability and changes in economic and political conditions, foreign currency fluctuations, changes in foreign regulations and other risks inherent to international business. Additionally, a pharmaceutical company’s valuation can often be based largely on the potential or actual performance of a limited number of products. A pharmaceutical company’s valuation can also be greatly affected if one of its products proves unsafe, ineffective or unprofitable. Such companies also may be characterized by thin capitalization and limited markets, financial resources or personnel, as well as dependence on wholesale distributors. The values of companies in the pharmaceutical industry have been and will likely continue to be extremely volatile.
Biotechnology Industry Risk. The success of biotechnology companies is highly dependent on the development, procurement and/or marketing of drugs, products, and/or technologies. The values of biotechnology companies are also dependent on the development, protection and exploitation of intellectual property rights and other proprietary information, and the profitability of biotechnology companies may be significantly affected by such things as the expiration of patents or the loss of, or the inability to enforce, intellectual property rights. The research and other costs associated with developing or procuring new drugs, products or technologies and the related intellectual property rights can be significant, and the results of such research and expenditures are unpredictable. There can be no assurance that those efforts or costs will result in the development of a profitable drug, product or technology. Moreover, the process for obtaining regulatory approval by the FDA or other governmental regulatory authorities is long and costly and there can be no assurance that the necessary approvals will be obtained or maintained. Biotechnology companies are also subject to rapid and significant technological change and competitive forces that may make drugs, products or technologies obsolete or make it difficult to raise prices and, in fact, may result in price discounting. Biotechnology companies may also be subject to expenses and losses from extensive litigation based on intellectual property, product liability and similar claims.
Failure of biotechnology companies to comply with applicable laws and regulations can result in the imposition of civil and/or criminal fines, penalties and, in some instances, exclusion of participation in government sponsored programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. Biotechnology companies may be adversely affected by government regulation and changes in reimbursement rates. Healthcare providers, principally hospitals, that transact with biotechnology companies, often rely on third party payors, such as Medicare, Medicaid, private health insurance plans and health maintenance organizations to reimburse all or a portion of the cost of healthcare related products or services. Biotechnology companies will continue to be affected by the efforts of governments and third-party payors to contain or reduce health care costs. For example, certain foreign markets control pricing or profitability of biotechnology products and technologies. In the United States, the Inflation Reduction Act has imposed a number of provisions aimed at reducing drug spending and there has been, and there will likely continue to be, a number of additional federal and state proposals to implement additional controls. A biotechnology company’s valuation could be based on the potential or actual performance of a limited number of products. A biotechnology company’s valuation could be affected if one of its products proves unsafe, ineffective or unprofitable. Such companies may also be characterized by thin capitalization and limited markets, financial resources or personnel. The stock prices of companies involved in the biotechnology sector have been and will likely continue to be extremely volatile.
Life Sciences Industry Risk. Life sciences industries are characterized by limited product focus, rapidly changing technology and extensive government regulation. In particular, technological advances can render an existing product, which may account for a disproportionate share of a company’s revenue, obsolete. Obtaining governmental approval from agencies such as the FDA, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and other governmental agencies for new products can be lengthy, expensive and uncertain as to outcome. Any delays in product development may result in the need to seek additional capital, potentially diluting the interests of existing investors such as the Company. In addition, governmental agencies may, for a variety of reasons, restrict the release of certain innovative technologies of commercial significance, such as genetically altered material. These
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various factors may result in abrupt advances and declines in the securities prices of particular companies and, in some cases, may have a broad effect on the prices of securities of companies in particular life sciences industries.
Intense competition exists within and among certain life sciences industries, including competition to obtain and sustain proprietary technology protection. Life sciences companies can be highly dependent on the strength of patents, trademarks and other intellectual property rights for maintenance of profit margins and market share. The complex nature of the technologies involved can lead to patent disputes, including litigation that may be costly and that could result in a company losing an exclusive right to a patent. Competitors of life sciences companies may have invested substantially in developing technologies and products that are more effective or less costly than any that may be developed by life sciences companies in which the Company invests and may also prove to be more successful in production and marketing. Competition may increase further as a result of potential advances in health services and medical technology and greater availability of capital for investment in these fields.
With respect to healthcare, cost containment measures already implemented by the federal government, state governments and the private sector have adversely affected certain sectors of these industries. Increased emphasis on managed care in the United States may put pressure on the price and usage of products sold by life sciences companies in which the Company may invest in and may adversely affect the sales and revenues of life sciences companies.
Product development efforts by life sciences companies may not result in commercial products for many reasons, including, but not limited to, failure to achieve acceptable clinical trial results, limited effectiveness in treating the specified condition or illness, harmful side effects, failure to obtain regulatory approval, and high manufacturing costs. Even after a product is commercially released, governmental agencies may require additional clinical trials or change the labeling requirements for products if additional product side effects are identified, which could have a material adverse effect on the market price of the securities of those life sciences companies.
Certain life sciences companies in which the Company may invest may be exposed to potential product liability risks that are inherent in the testing, manufacturing, marketing and sale of pharmaceuticals, medical devices or other products. There can be no assurances that a product liability claim would not have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition or securities prices of a company in which the Company has invested.
Healthcare Services Industry Risk. The operations of healthcare services companies are subject to extensive federal, state and local government regulations, including Medicare and Medicaid payment rules and regulations, federal and state anti-kickback laws, the physician self-referral law and analogous state self-referral prohibition statutes, Federal Acquisition Regulations, the False Claims Act and federal and state laws regarding the collection, use and disclosure of patient health information and the storage, handling and administration of pharmaceuticals. The Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement rules related to claims submission, enrollment and licensing requirements, cost reporting, and payment processes impose complex and extensive requirements upon dialysis providers as well. A violation or departure from any of these legal requirements may result in government audits, lower reimbursements, significant fines and penalties, the potential loss of certification, recoupment efforts or voluntary repayments. If healthcare services companies fail to adhere to all of the complex government regulations that apply to their businesses, such companies could suffer severe consequences that would substantially reduce revenues, earnings, cash flows and stock prices. If healthcare companies are unable to successfully expand their product lines through internal research and development and acquisitions, their business may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, if these companies are unable to successfully grow their businesses through marketing partnerships and acquisitions, their business may be materially and adversely affected.
Sustainable and Renewable Technology Industry Risk. Companies in sustainable and renewable technology sectors may be subject to extensive regulation by foreign, U.S. federal, state and/or local agencies. Changes in existing laws, rules or regulations, or judicial or administrative interpretations thereof, new laws, rules or regulations, or changes in government priorities or limitations on government resources could all have an adverse impact on the business and industries of these companies. We are unable to predict whether any such changes in laws, rules or regulations will occur and, if they do occur, the impact of these changes on our portfolio companies and our investment returns. Furthermore, if any of our portfolio companies fail to comply with applicable regulations, they could be subject to significant penalties and claims that could materially and adversely affect their operations, which would also impact our ability to realize value since our exit from the investment may be subject to the portfolio company obtaining the necessary regulatory approvals. Our portfolio companies may be subject to the expense, delay and uncertainty of the regulatory approval process for their products and, even if approved, these products may not be accepted in the marketplace. In addition, there is considerable uncertainty about whether foreign, U.S., state and/or local governmental entities will enact or maintain legislation or regulatory programs that mandate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions or provide incentives for sustainable and renewable technology companies. Without such regulatory policies, investments in sustainable and renewable
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technology companies may not be economical and financing for sustainable and renewable technology companies may become unavailable.
Further, industries within the energy sector are cyclical with fluctuations in commodity prices and demand for, and production of commodities driven by a variety of factors. The highly cyclical nature of the industries within the energy sector may lead to volatile changes in commodity prices. Commodity price fluctuation may adversely affect the earnings of companies in which we may invest.
Our financial results could be negatively affected if a significant portfolio investment fails to perform as expected.
Our total investment in companies may be significant individually or in the aggregate. As a result, if a significant investment in one or more companies fails to perform as expected, our financial results could be more negatively affected, and the magnitude of the loss could be more significant than if we had made smaller investments in more companies.
The following table shows the fair value of the investments held in portfolio companies as of December 31, 2023, that represent greater than 5% of our net assets:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023
Fair Value
Percentage of Net Assets
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc.$162,022 9.0 %
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.129,738 7.2 %
Corium, Inc.108,545 6.0 %
SeatGeek, Inc.108,053 6.0 %
Worldremit Group Limited96,020 5.3 %






Axsome Therapeutics, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company developing novel therapies for the management of central nervous system disorders for which there are limited treatment options.
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel treatments for gastrointestinal diseases and disorders.
Corium, Inc. develops, engineers, and manufactures drug delivery products and devices that utilize the skin and mucosa as a primary means of transport.
SeatGeek, Inc. is a mobile-focused ticket platform that enables users to buy and sell tickets for live sports, concerts and theater events.
Worldremit Group Limited is a global online money transfer business.
Our financial results could be materially adversely affected if these portfolio companies or any of our other significant portfolio companies encounter financial difficulty and fail to repay their obligations or to perform as expected.
We may be exposed to higher risks with respect to our investments that include PIK interest or exit fees.
Our investments may include contractual PIK interest and exit fees. PIK interest represents contractual interest added to a loan’s principal balance and is due in accordance with the loan’s amortization terms. Exit fees represent a contractual fee accrued over the life of the loan and is typically due at loan payoff. To the extent PIK interest and exit fees constitute a portion of our income, we are exposed to typical risks associated with such income being required to be included in taxable and accounting income prior to receipt of cash, including the following:
PIK interest and exit fee instruments may have higher yields, which reflect the payment deferral and credit risk associated with these instruments;
PIK interest and exit fee instruments may have unreliable valuations because their continuing accruals require continuing judgments about the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of the collateral; and
PIK interest and exit fee instruments may represent a higher credit risk than coupon loans; even if the conditions for income accrual under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America are satisfied, a borrower could still default when actual payment is due upon the maturity of such loan.
The lack of liquidity in our investments may adversely affect our business.
We generally invest in companies whose securities are not publicly traded and/or whose securities will be subject to legal and other restrictions on resale or will otherwise be less liquid than publicly traded securities. The illiquidity of these investments may make it difficult for us to sell these investments when desired. In addition, if we are required to liquidate all or a portion of our portfolio quickly, we may realize significantly less than the value at which we had previously recorded these investments. As a result, we do not expect to achieve liquidity in our investments in the near-term. Our investments are usually subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale or are otherwise illiquid because
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there is usually no established trading market for such investments. Even if an established trading market for such securities were established, we may be limited in our ability to divest ourselves from a debt or equity instrument for a variety of reasons, such as limited trading volume in a public company’s securities, or regulatory factors such as the receipt of material non-public information or insider blackout periods when we are legally prohibited from selling. The illiquidity of most of our investments may make it difficult for us to dispose of them at a favorable price or at all and, as a result, we may suffer losses.
We may not have the funds or ability to make additional investments in our portfolio companies.
We may not have the funds or ability to make additional investments in our portfolio companies. After our initial investment in a portfolio company, we may be called upon from time to time to provide additional funds to such company or have the opportunity to increase our investment through the extension of additional loans, the exercise of a warrant to purchase equity securities, or the funding of additional equity investments. There is no assurance that we will make, or will have sufficient funds to make, follow-on investments. Any decisions not to make a follow-on investment or any inability on our part to make such an investment may have a negative impact on a portfolio company in need of such an investment, may result in a missed opportunity for us to increase our participation in a successful operation, may reduce our ability to protect an existing investment or may dilute our equity interest or otherwise reduce the expected yield on the investment.
There may be circumstances where our debt investments could be subordinated to claims of other creditors or we could be subject to lender liability claims.
Our portfolio companies may have, or may be permitted to incur, other debt that ranks equally with, or senior to, the debt in which we invest. By their terms, such debt instruments may entitle the holders to receive payment of interest or principal on or before the dates on which we are entitled to receive payments with respect to the debt instruments in which we invest. Also, in the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a portfolio company, holders of debt instruments ranking senior to our investment in that portfolio company would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before we receive any distribution. After repaying such senior creditors, such portfolio company may not have any remaining assets to use for repaying its obligation to us. In the case of debt ranking equally with debt instruments in which we invest, we would have to share on an equal basis any distributions with other creditors holding such debt in the event of an insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of the relevant portfolio company.
Even if our investment is structured as a senior-secured loan, principles of equitable subordination, as defined by existing case law, could lead a bankruptcy court to subordinate all or a portion of our claim to that of other creditors and transfer any lien securing such subordinated claim to the bankruptcy estate. The principles of equitable subordination defined by case law have generally indicated that a claim may be subordinated only if its holder is guilty of misconduct or where the senior loan is re-characterized as an equity investment and the senior lender has actually provided significant managerial assistance to the bankrupt debtor. We may also be subject to lender liability claims for actions taken by us with respect to a borrower’s business or instances where we exercise control over the borrower. It is possible that we could become subject to a lender liability claim, including as a result of actions taken in rendering significant managerial assistance or actions to compel and collect payments from the borrower outside the ordinary course of business.
We are a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, and therefore we are not limited with respect to the proportion of our assets that may be invested in securities of a single issuer, which may subject us to a risk of significant loss if any such issuer experiences a downturn.
We are classified as a non-diversified investment company within the meaning of the 1940 Act, which means that we are not limited by the 1940 Act with respect to the proportion of our assets that we may invest in securities of a single issuer. Under the 1940 Act, a “diversified” investment company is required to invest at least 75% of the value of its total assets in cash and cash items, government securities, securities of other investment companies and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the total assets of such company and no more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer. As a non-diversified investment company, we are not subject to this requirement. To the extent that we assume large positions in the securities of a small number of issuers, our NAV may fluctuate to a greater extent than that of a diversified investment company as a result of changes in the financial condition or the market’s assessment of the issuer. We may also be more susceptible to any single economic or regulatory occurrence than a diversified investment company might be. Beyond our RIC asset diversification requirements, we do not have fixed guidelines for portfolio diversification, and our investments could be concentrated in relatively few portfolio companies. See “Risk Factors – Risks Related to Operating as a RIC and U.S. Federal Income Taxes.”
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We generally will not control our portfolio companies, which may result in the portfolio company making decisions which could adversely impact the value of our investments in the portfolio companys securities.
In some instances, we may control our portfolio companies or provide our portfolio companies with significant managerial assistance. However, we do not, and do not expect to, control the ultimate decision making in most of our portfolio companies, even though we may have board representation or board observation rights, and our debt agreements may contain certain restrictive covenants. As a result, we are subject to the risk that a portfolio company in which we invest will make business decisions with which we disagree, and the management of such company will take risks or otherwise act in ways that do not serve our interests as debt investors or minority equity holders. Due to the lack of liquidity for our investments in non-traded companies, we may not be able to dispose of our interests in our portfolio companies as readily as we would like or at an appropriate valuation. As a result, a portfolio company may make decisions that would decrease the value of our portfolio holdings.
Defaults by our portfolio companies will harm our operating results.
A portfolio company’s failure to satisfy financial or operating covenants imposed by us or other lenders could lead to non-payment of interest and other defaults and, potentially, termination of its loans and foreclosure on its secured assets, which could trigger cross-defaults under other agreements and jeopardize a portfolio company’s ability to meet its obligations under the debt or equity securities that we hold. In addition, in the event of a default by a portfolio company on a secured loan, we will only have recourse to the assets collateralizing the loan, which in some cases excludes the IP on which we have only a negative pledge. In any case, the assets collateralizing our loan may not be sufficient to fully cover our indebtedness. Further, some of our secured loans are secured by a negative pledge on a portfolio company’s intellectual property. In the event of a default on a loan, there can be no assurance that our security interest will be enforceable in a court of law or bankruptcy court or that there will not be others with senior or pari passu credit interests. We may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms, which may include the waiver of certain financial covenants, with a defaulting portfolio company.
Substantially all of our portfolio investments are recorded at fair value as determined in accordance with our Valuation Guidelines and, as a result, there may be uncertainty as to the value of our portfolio investments.
As a BDC, we are required to carry our investments at market value or, if no market value is ascertainable, at the fair value as determined in accordance with our Valuation Guidelines adopted pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act. As of December 31, 2023, portfolio investments, whose fair value is determined in good faith by our Valuation Committee and approved by the Board were approximately 95.1% of our total assets. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of our investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material. Our NAV could be adversely affected if determinations regarding the fair value of these investments were materially higher than the values ultimately realized upon the disposal of such investments.
Any unrealized depreciation we experience on our investment portfolio may be an indication of future realized losses, which could reduce our income available for distribution and could impair our ability to service our borrowings.
Decreases in the market values or fair values of our investments will be recorded as unrealized depreciation. Any unrealized depreciation in our portfolio could be an indication of a portfolio company’s inability to meet its repayment obligations to us with respect to the affected loans or potential impairment of the value of affected equity investments. This could result in realized losses in the future and ultimately in reductions of our income and gains available for distribution in future periods.
Prepayments of our debt investments by our portfolio companies could adversely impact our results of operations and reduce our return on equity.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we received early principal payments and early payoffs on our debt investments of approximately $925.1 million. We are subject to the risk that the debt investments we make in our portfolio companies may be repaid prior to maturity. When this occurs, we will generally reinvest these proceeds in temporary investments, pending their future investment in new portfolio companies. These temporary investments will typically have substantially lower yields than the debt being prepaid, and we could experience significant delays in reinvesting these amounts. Any future investment in a new portfolio company may also be at lower yields than the debt that was repaid. As a result, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected if one or more of our portfolio companies elect to prepay amounts owed to us. Additionally, prepayments could negatively impact our return on equity, which could result in a decline in the market price of our securities.
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The phase-out and replacement of LIBOR may adversely affect the value of our portfolio securities.
As of June 30, 2023, no settings of LIBOR continue to be published on a representative basis and publication of many non-U.S. Dollar LIBOR settings have been entirely discontinued. On July 29, 2021, the U.S. Federal Reserve, in conjunction with the Alternative Reference Rates Committee, a steering committee comprised of large U.S. financial institutions, recommended replacing U.S. dollar LIBOR with alternative reference rates based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). SOFR significantly differs from LIBOR, both in the actual rate and how it is calculated. Further, on March 15, 2022, the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2022, which includes the Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act (“LIBOR Act”), was signed into law in the United States. This legislation established a uniform benchmark replacement process for certain financial contracts that mature after June 30, 2023 that do not contain clearly defined or practicable LIBOR fallback provisions. The legislation also created a safe harbor that shields lenders from litigation if they choose to utilize a replacement rate recommended by the Board of Governors of the U.S. Federal Reserve. In addition, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates the publisher of LIBOR (ICR Benchmark Administration) has announced that it will require the continued publication of one, three and six month tenors of U.S. dollar LIBOR on a non-representative synthetic basis until the end of September 2024, which may result in certain non-U.S. law-governed contracts and U.S. law-governed contracts not being covered by the federal legislation remaining on synthetic U.S. dollar LIBOR until the end of this period. The transition from LIBOR or the use of synthetic LIBOR in floating-rate debt securities in our portfolio or issued by us could have a material and adverse impact on the value or liquidity of those instruments. The transition away from LIBOR to alternative reference rates is complex and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, including as a result of any changes in the pricing of our investments, changes to the documentation for certain of our investments and the pace of such changes, disputes and other actions regarding the interpretation of current and prospective loan documentation or modifications to processes and systems.
We are subject to risks associated with the current interest rate environment and changes in interest rates will affect our cost of capital, net investment income and the value of our investments.
To the extent we borrow money or issue debt securities or preferred stock to make investments, our net investment income will depend, in part, upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow funds or pay interest or dividends on such debt securities or preferred stock and the rate at which we invest these funds. In addition, many of our debt investments and borrowings have floating interest rates that reset on a periodic basis, and many of our investments are subject to interest rate floors and caps. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 95.9% of our debt investments were at floating rates or floating rates with a floor, and 4.1% of our debt investments were at fixed rates. As a result, a change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our net investment income, in particular with respect to increases from current levels to the level of the interest rate caps on certain investments. In periods of rising interest rates, our cost of funds will increase because the interest rates on the amounts borrowed under our Credit Facilities are floating and are not subject to interest rate caps, which could reduce our net investment income to the extent any debt investments have either fixed interest rates, or floating interest rates subject to an interest rate cap below the then current levels, and as a result such interest rates on these debt investments will not increase.
Some of our portfolio companies have debt investments which bear interest at variable rates and may be negatively affected by changes in market interest rates. An increase in market interest rates would increase the interest costs and reduce the cash flows of our portfolio companies that have variable rate debt instruments, a situation which could reduce the value of our investments in these portfolio companies. The value of our securities could also be reduced from an increase in market interest rates as rates available to investors could make an investment in our securities less attractive than alternative investments. Conversely, decreases in market interest rates could negatively impact the interest income from our variable rate debt investments. A decrease in market interest rates may also have an adverse impact on our returns by requiring us to accept lower yields on our debt investments and by increasing the risk that our portfolio companies will prepay our debt investments, resulting in the need to redeploy capital at potentially lower rates. See further discussion and analysis at “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.”
We may not realize gains from our equity or warrant investments.
Certain investments that we have made in the past and may make in the future include warrants or other equity securities. Investments in equity securities involve a number of significant risks, including the risk of further dilution as a result of additional issuances, inability to access additional capital and failure to pay current distributions. We may from time to time make non-control, equity investments in portfolio companies. Our goal is ultimately to realize gains upon our disposition of such equity interests. However, the equity interests we receive may not appreciate in value and, in fact, may decline in value. Accordingly, we may not be able to realize gains from our equity interests, and any gains that we do realize on the disposition of any equity interests may not be sufficient to offset any other losses we experience. We also may be unable to realize any value if a portfolio company does not have a liquidity event, such as a sale of the business, recapitalization or public offering, which would allow us to sell the underlying equity interests. We may seek puts or similar rights to give us the right to sell our equity securities back to the portfolio company issuer; however, we may be unable to exercise these put rights for the consideration provided in our investment documents if the issuer is in financial
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distress. In addition, we anticipate that approximately 50% of our warrants may not realize any exit or generate any returns. Furthermore, because of the financial reporting requirements under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), of those approximately 50% of warrants that we do not realize any exit, the assigned costs to the initial warrants may lead to realized losses when the warrants either expire or are not exercised.
We may expose ourselves to risks when we engage in hedging transactions.
When we engage in hedging transactions, we may expose ourselves to risks associated with such transactions. We may utilize instruments such as forward contracts, currency options and interest rate swaps, caps, collars and floors to seek to hedge against fluctuations in the relative values of our portfolio positions from changes in currency exchange rates and market interest rates. Hedging against a decline in the values of our portfolio positions does not eliminate the possibility of fluctuations in the values of such positions or prevent losses if the values of such positions decline. However, such hedging can establish other positions designed to gain from those same developments, thereby offsetting the decline in the value of such portfolio positions. Such hedging transactions may also limit the opportunity for gain if the values of the underlying portfolio positions should increase. It may not be possible to hedge against an exchange rate or interest rate fluctuation that is so generally anticipated that we are not able to enter into a hedging transaction at an acceptable price. Moreover, for a variety of reasons, we may not seek to establish a perfect correlation between such hedging instruments and there can be no assurance that any such hedging arrangements will achieve the desired effect. During the year ended and as of December 31, 2023, we had entered into and held one outstanding foreign currency forward contract. We do not utilize hedge accounting and as such we recognize the value of our derivatives at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities with changes in the net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on forward currency forward contracts recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Our investments in foreign securities or investments denominated in foreign currencies may involve significant risks in addition to the risks inherent in U.S. and U.S.-denominated investments.
Our investment strategy contemplates potential investments in securities of foreign companies. Our total investments at value in foreign companies were approximately $386.4 million or 11.9% of total investments as of December 31, 2023. Investing in foreign companies may expose us to additional risks not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. companies. These risks include changes in exchange control regulations, political and social instability, expropriation, imposition of foreign taxes, less liquid markets and less available information than is generally the case in the U.S., higher transaction costs, less government supervision of exchanges, brokers and issuers, less developed bankruptcy laws, difficulty in enforcing contractual obligations, lack of uniform accounting and auditing standards and greater price volatility.
Although most of our investments will be U.S. dollar denominated, any investments denominated in a foreign currency will be subject to the risk that the value of a particular currency will change in relation to one or more other currencies. Among the factors that may affect currency values are trade balances, the level of short-term interest rates, differences in relative values of similar assets in different currencies, long-term opportunities for investment and capital appreciation, and political developments.
The disposition of our investments may result in contingent liabilities.
Many of our investments involve private securities. In connection with the disposition of an investment in private securities, we may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of the portfolio company typical of those made in connection with the sale of a business. We may also be required to indemnify the purchasers of such investment to the extent that any such representations turn out to be inaccurate or with respect to certain potential liabilities. These arrangements may result in contingent liabilities that ultimately yield funding obligations that must be satisfied through our return of certain distributions previously made to us.
Depending on funding requirements, we may need to raise additional capital to meet our unfunded commitments through additional borrowings.
As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $335.3 million of available unfunded commitments, including undrawn revolving facilities, which were available at the request of the portfolio company and unencumbered by milestones.
Our unfunded contractual commitments may be significant from time-to-time. A portion of these unfunded contractual commitments are dependent upon the portfolio company achieving certain milestones before the debt commitment becomes available. Furthermore, our credit agreements contain customary lending provisions which allow us relief from funding obligations for previously made commitments in instances where the underlying company experiences materially adverse events that affect the financial condition or business outlook for the company. These commitments will be subject to the same underwriting and ongoing portfolio maintenance as are the on-balance sheet financial instruments that we hold. Since these commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amount does not
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necessarily represent future cash requirements. Closed commitments generally fund 50-80% of the committed amount in aggregate over the life of the commitment. We believe that our assets provide adequate cover to satisfy all of our unfunded commitments and we intend to use cash flow from operations and early principal repayments and proceeds from borrowings and notes to fund these commitments. However, there can be no assurance that we will have sufficient capital available to fund these commitments as they come due, which could have a material adverse effect on our reputation in the market and our ability to generate incremental lending activity and subject us to lender liability claims.
Our ability to secure additional financing and satisfy our financial obligations under indebtedness outstanding from time to time will depend upon our future operating performance, which is subject to the prevailing general economic and credit market conditions, including interest rate levels and the availability of credit generally, and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. The prolonged continuation or worsening of current economic and capital market conditions could have a material adverse effect on our ability to secure financing on favorable terms, if at all.
Risks Related To Leverage
Because we have substantial borrowings, the potential for gain or loss on amounts invested in us is magnified and may increase the risk of investing in us.
Borrowings, also known as leverage, magnify the potential for loss on investments in our indebtedness and gain or loss on investments in our equity capital. As we use leverage to partially finance our investments, you will experience increased risks of investing in our securities. Accordingly, any event that adversely affects the value of an investment would be magnified to the extent we use leverage. Such events could result in a substantial loss to us, which would be greater than if leverage had not been used. In addition, our investment objectives are dependent on the continued availability of leverage at attractive relative interest rates.
We may also borrow from banks and other lenders and may issue debt securities or enter into other types of borrowing arrangements in the future. Lenders of these senior securities will have fixed dollar claims on our assets that are superior to the claims of our common stockholders, and we would expect such lenders to seek recovery against our assets in the event of a default. We generally may grant security interests in our assets, subject to our requirement to maintain a 150% minimum asset coverage ratio and any restrictions on encumbered assets imposed by the terms of our existing indebtedness.
The terms of our existing indebtedness require us to comply with certain financial and operational covenants, and we expect similar covenants in future debt instruments. Failure to comply with such covenants could result in a default under the applicable credit facility or debt instrument if we are unable to obtain a waiver from the applicable lender or holder, and such lender or holder could accelerate repayment under such indebtedness and negatively affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, under the terms of any credit facility or other debt instrument we enter into, in the event of a default, we are likely to be required by its terms to use the net proceeds of any investments that we sell to repay a portion of the amount borrowed under such facility or instrument before applying such net proceeds to any other uses. See “Note 5 – Debt” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Financial Condition, Liquidity, Capital Resources and Obligations” for a discussion regarding our outstanding indebtedness.
If the value of our assets decreases, leveraging would cause NAV to decline more sharply than it otherwise would have had we not leveraged our business. Similarly, any decrease in our income would cause net investment income to decline more sharply than it would have had we not leveraged our business. Such a decline could negatively affect our ability to pay common stock dividends, scheduled debt payments or other payments related to our securities.
Our ability to service our debt depends largely on our financial performance and will be subject to prevailing economic conditions and competitive pressures. Our secured credit facilities with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (the “SMBC Facility”) and MUFG Union Bank, N.A., (the “MUFG Bank Facility”) and our letter of credit facility with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (the “SMBC LC Facility” and together with the SMBC Facility and MUFG Bank Facility, our “Credit Facilities”), as well as the July 2024 Notes, February 2025 Notes, June 2025 Notes, June 2025 3-Year Notes, March 2026 A Notes, March 2026 B Notes, September 2026 Notes, January 2027 Notes, 2031 Asset-Backed Notes and 2033 Notes (each term as is individually defined herein and collectively, the “Notes”) contain financial and operating covenants that could restrict our business activities, including our ability to declare dividend distributions if we default under certain provisions. As of December 31, 2023, we had $94.0 million and $61.0 million in borrowings under the SMBC Facility and MUFG Bank Facility and approximately $1.24 billion in aggregate principal outstanding Notes. Further we have an additional $175.0 million SBA Debentures outstanding and incurred by our SBIC subsidiary, as of December 31, 2023.
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Illustration. The following table illustrates the effect of leverage on returns from an investment in our common stock assuming that we employ (1) our actual asset coverage ratio as of December 31, 2023, (2) a hypothetical asset coverage ratio of 200%, and (3) a hypothetical asset coverage ratio of 150% (each excluding our SBA debentures as permitted by our exemptive relief) each at various annual returns on our portfolio as of December 31, 2023, net of expenses. The calculations in the table below are hypothetical, and actual returns may be higher or lower than those appearing in the table below.
Annual Return on Our Portfolio
(Net of Expenses)
-10%-5%0%5%10%
Corresponding return to common stockholder assuming our actual asset coverage of 228.7% as of December 31, 2023(1)
(23.15)%(13.67)%(4.20)%5.28%14.76%
Corresponding return to common stockholder assuming 200% asset coverage(2)
(26.45)%(15.86)%(5.27)%5.32%15.91%
Corresponding return to common stockholder assuming 150% asset coverage(3)
(41.21)%(25.64)%(10.07)%5.50%21.07%
(1)Assumes $3.4 billion in total assets, $1.6 billion in debt outstanding, $1.8 billion in stockholders’ equity, and an average cost of funds of 4.8%, which is the approximate average cost of our Notes and Credit Facilities for the period ended December 31, 2023. Actual interest payments may be different.
(2)Assumes $3.8 billion in total assets including debt issuance costs on a pro forma basis, $2.0 billion in debt outstanding, $1.8 billion in stockholders’ equity, and an average cost of funds of 4.8%, which is the approximate average cost of our Notes and Credit Facilities for the period ended December 31, 2023, along with the hypothetical estimated incremental cost of debt that would be incurred on offering the maximum permissible debt under the 200% asset coverage. Actual interest payments may be different.
(3)Assumes $5.6 billion in total assets including debt issuance costs on a pro forma basis, $3.8 billion in debt outstanding, $1.8 billion in stockholders’ equity, and an average cost of funds of 4.8%, which is the approximate average cost of our Notes and Credit Facilities for the period ended December 31, 2023, along with the hypothetical estimated incremental cost of debt that would be incurred on offering the maximum permissible debt under the 150% asset coverage. Actual interest payments may be different.
Our ability to achieve our investment objective may depend in part on our ability to access additional leverage on favorable terms and there can be no assurance that such additional leverage can in fact be achieved. If we are unable to obtain leverage or renew, extend or replace our current leverage facilities, or if the interest rates of such leverage are not attractive, we could experience diminished returns. The number of leverage providers and the total amount of financing available could decrease or remain static.
Certain of our assets are subject to security interests under our senior securities and if we default on our obligations under our senior securities, we may suffer adverse consequences, including foreclosure on those assets.
Certain of our assets are currently pledged as collateral under our senior securities, including any credit facilities or notes. If we default on our obligations under our senior securities, our lenders may have the right to foreclose upon and sell, or otherwise transfer, the collateral subject to their security interests or their superior claim. In such event, we may be forced to sell our investments to raise funds to repay our outstanding borrowings in order to avoid foreclosure and these forced sales may be at times and at prices we would not consider advantageous. Moreover, such deleveraging of our company could significantly impair our ability to effectively operate our business in the manner in which we have historically operated. As a result, we could be forced to curtail or cease new investment activities and lower or eliminate the dividends that we have historically paid to our stockholders. In addition, if the lenders exercise their right to sell the assets pledged under our senior securities, such sales may be completed at distressed sale prices, thereby diminishing or potentially eliminating the amount of cash available to us after repayment of the amounts outstanding under the senior securities.
If our operating performance declines and we are not able to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt obligations, we may in the future need to refinance or restructure our debt, sell assets, reduce or delay capital investments, seek to raise additional capital or seek to obtain waivers from the required lenders under our senior securities to avoid being in default. If we are unable to implement one or more of these alternatives, we may not be able to meet our payment obligations under our senior securities. If we breach our covenants under our senior securities and seek a waiver, we may not be able to obtain a waiver from the required lenders or debt holders. If this occurs, we would be in default under our senior securities, the lenders or debt holders could exercise their rights as described above, and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. If we are unable to repay debt, lenders having secured obligations could proceed against the collateral securing the debt. Because certain of our senior securities have customary cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions, if the indebtedness under our senior securities is accelerated, we may be unable to repay or finance the amounts due.
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Risks Related To Our Investment Management Activities
Our executive officers and employees, through the Adviser Subsidiary, are expected to manage the Adviser Funds or separately managed accounts, which includes funds from External Parties, that operate in the same or a related line of business as we do, which may result in significant conflicts of interest.
Our executive officers and employees, through the Adviser Subsidiary, are expected to manage the Adviser Funds that operate in the same or a related line of business as we do, and which funds may be invested in by us and/or our executive officers and employees. Accordingly, they may have obligations to such other entities, the fulfillment of which obligations may not be in the interests of us or our stockholders. Our relationship with the Adviser Subsidiary may require us to commit resources to achieving the Adviser Funds or External Parties’ investment objectives, while such resources were previously solely devoted to achieving our investment objective. Our investment objective and investment strategies may be very similar to those of the Adviser Funds and External Parties, and it is likely that an investment appropriate for us, the Adviser Funds, or External Parties would be appropriate for the other entity. Because the Adviser Subsidiary may receive performance-based fee compensation from the Adviser Funds or External Parties, this may provide an incentive to allocate opportunities to the Adviser Funds or External Parties instead of us. Accordingly, we and the Adviser Subsidiary have established policies and procedures governing the allocation investment opportunities between us, the Adviser Funds, and External Parties. We may be limited in or unable to participate in certain investments based upon such allocation policy. Although we will endeavor to allocate investment opportunities in a fair and equitable manner, we may face conflicts in allocating investment opportunities between us, the Adviser Funds and External Parties managed by the Adviser Subsidiary.
Investments in the Adviser Funds managed by our Adviser Subsidiary may create conflicts of interests.
Our Adviser Subsidiary is committed to make contributions as a limited partner to certain Adviser Funds, it is also entitled to receive distributions on such interest. Our officers and employees may dedicate more time or resources to the Adviser Funds or allocate more favorable investment opportunities to the Adviser Funds instead of us. The Adviser Funds will, at times, acquire, hold, or sell investments that are also suitable for us. Investments allocated to the Adviser Funds may reduce the amount of investments available to us. Our officers and employees may make investment decisions or recommendations for the Adviser Funds that differ from the investment decisions that are made for us. The Adviser Subsidiary could determine to sell a loan for one or more Adviser Funds while all or a portion of such loan is retained by us, or vice-versa. The Adviser Subsidiary makes its decisions as to whether the Adviser Funds should invest pursuant to, among other things, its duties under the applicable governing documents for the Adviser Funds. Conflicts of interest can arise if the Adviser Subsidiary seeks to acquire or sell portions of one or more loans for one or more of the Adviser Funds while we also seek to acquire or sell portions of such loans. We and the Adviser Subsidiary have implemented an investment allocation policy and procedures designed to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated among us and the Adviser Funds fairly and equitably over time; however, there can be no assurance that the application of our allocation policy will result in our desired participation in every investment opportunity that may be suitable for both us and the Adviser Funds.
In addition, we may make investments in the Adviser Funds in the form of loans. For example, prior to the receipt by the Adviser Funds of capital contributions from investors for which a capital call notice has or will be given, we expect to provide loan financing to such Adviser Funds to fund such amounts on a temporary basis in order to permit the Adviser Funds to invest in a target portfolio company within the applicable time constraints prior to the receipt by the Adviser Funds of a capital call in respect of such investment. In addition, we may provide loan financing to the Adviser Funds to cover start-up and initial operating costs prior to the receipt by the Adviser Funds of a capital call in respect of such expenses. The provision of debt financing to the Adviser Funds may cause conflicts of interest, including in situations where our interest as a lender to the Adviser Funds conflicts with the interest of holders of third-party equity interests.
We, through the Adviser Subsidiary, derive revenues from managing third-party funds pursuant to management agreements that may be terminated, which could negatively impact our operating results.
We will derive our revenues related to the Adviser Subsidiary primarily from dividend income, which the Adviser Subsidiary will pay from net profits generated from advisory fees charged to the Adviser Funds. The Adviser Funds may be established with different fee structures, including management fees payable at varying rates and carried interest or performance fees that are payable at varying hurdle rates. Investment advisory, carried interest, and performance fee revenues can be adversely affected by several factors, including market factors, third-party investor preferences, and our Adviser Subsidiary’s performance and track record. A reduction in revenues of our Adviser Subsidiary, without a commensurate reduction in expenses, would adversely affect our Adviser Subsidiary’s business and our revenues and results of operations derived from the Adviser Subsidiary. In addition, the terms of the investment management agreements with the Adviser Funds generally provide for the right to terminate the management agreement in certain circumstances.
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Termination of any such management agreements would reduce the fees we earn from the Adviser Funds, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Risk Related To BDCs
Failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations and changes in laws or regulations governing our operations may adversely affect our business or cause us to alter our business strategy.
We, the Adviser Funds and our portfolio companies are subject to applicable local, state and federal laws and regulations, including those promulgated by the SEC, the NYSE, and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. Failure to comply with any applicable local, state or federal law or regulation could negatively impact our reputation and our business results. New legislation may also be enacted or new interpretations, rulings or regulations could be adopted, including those governing the types of investments we are permitted to make, any of which could harm us and our stockholders, potentially with retroactive effect. Additionally, any changes to the laws and regulations governing our operations relating to permitted investments may cause us to alter our investment strategy in order to avail ourselves of new or different opportunities. Such changes could result in material differences to the strategies and plans set forth herein and may result in our investment focus shifting from the areas of expertise of our investment team to other types of investments in which our investment team may have less expertise or little or no experience. Thus, any such changes, if they occur, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and the value of your investment.
Failure to maintain our status as a BDC would reduce our operating flexibility.
If we do not remain a BDC, we might be regulated as a closed-end investment company under the 1940 Act, which would subject us to substantially more regulatory restrictions under the 1940 Act and correspondingly decrease our operating flexibility.
Operating under the constraints imposed on us as a BDC and RIC may hinder the achievement of our investment objectives.
The 1940 Act and the Code impose numerous constraints on the operations of BDCs and RICs that do not apply to certain of the other investment vehicles that we may compete with. BDCs are required, for example, to invest at least 70% of their total assets in certain qualifying assets, including U.S. private or smaller U.S. public companies, cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities and other high-quality debt instruments that mature in one year or less from the date of investment. See “Item 1. Business – Regulation.” Moreover, qualification for taxation as a RIC requires satisfaction of source-of-income, asset diversification and distribution requirements. See “Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations — Qualifying as a Regulated Investment Company.” Operating under these constraints may hinder our ability to take advantage of attractive investment opportunities and to achieve our investment objective. Any failure to do so could subject us to enforcement action by the SEC, cause us to fail to satisfy the requirements associated with RIC status and subject us to entity-level corporate income taxation, cause us to fail the 70% test described above or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Regulations governing our operation as a BDC will affect our ability to, and the way in which we, raise additional capital.
Our business will require capital to operate and grow. In addition to funding new and existing investments, we may pursue growth through acquisitions or strategic investments in new businesses. Completion and timing of any such acquisitions or strategic investments may be subject to a number of contingencies and risks. There can be no assurance that the integration of an acquired business will be successful or that an acquired business will prove to be profitable or sustainable. We may acquire additional capital from the following sources:
Senior Securities. We may issue debt securities or preferred stock and/or borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, which we refer to collectively as senior securities. As a result of issuing senior securities, we will be exposed to additional risks, including the following:
Under the provisions of the 1940 Act, we are permitted, as a BDC, to issue senior securities only in amounts such that our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, equals at least 150% immediately after each issuance of senior securities. If the value of our assets declines, we may be unable to satisfy this test. If that happens, we will be prohibited from issuing debt securities or preferred stock and/or borrowing money from banks or other financial institutions and may not be permitted to declare a dividend or make any distribution to stockholders or repurchase shares until such time as we satisfy this test.
Any amounts that we use to service our debt or make payments on preferred stock will not be available for dividends to our common stockholders.
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It is likely that any senior securities or other indebtedness we issue will be governed by an indenture or other instrument containing covenants restricting our operating flexibility. Additionally, some of these securities or other indebtedness may be rated by rating agencies, and in obtaining a rating for such securities and other indebtedness, we may be required to abide by operating and investment guidelines that further restrict operating and financial flexibility.
We and, indirectly, our stockholders will bear the cost of issuing and servicing such securities and other indebtedness.
Preferred stock or any convertible or exchangeable securities that we issue in the future may have rights, preferences and privileges more favorable than those of our common stock, including separate voting rights and could delay or prevent a transaction or a change in control to the detriment of the holders of our common stock.
Any unsecured debt issued by us would generally rank (i) pari passu with our current and future unsecured indebtedness and effectively subordinated to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness, and (ii) structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other obligations of any of our subsidiaries.
Additional Common Stock. We are not generally able to issue and sell our common stock at a price below NAV per share. We may, however, sell our common stock, warrants, options or rights to acquire our common stock, at a price below the current NAV of the common stock if our Board of Directors determines that such sale is in the best interests of our stockholders, and our stockholders approve such sale. Our stockholders have authorized us to issue common stock at a price below the then-current NAV per share, subject to certain conditions including Board approval, for a twelve-month period expiring on July 20, 2024. See “Risk Factors – Risks Related to our Securities — Stockholders may incur dilution if we sell shares of our common stock in one or more offerings at prices below the then current NAV per share of our common stock or issue securities to subscribe to, convert to or purchase shares of our common stock” for a discussion of the risks related to us issuing shares of our common stock below NAV. Our stockholders have also authorized us to issue warrants, options or rights to subscribe for, convert to, or purchase shares of our common stock at a price per share below the then-current NAV per share, subject to the applicable requirements of the 1940 Act. There is no expiration date on our ability to issue such warrants, options, rights or convertible securities based on this stockholder approval. If we raise additional funds by issuing more common stock or senior securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, our common stock, the percentage ownership of our stockholders at that time would decrease, and they may experience dilution. Moreover, we can offer no assurance that we will be able to issue and sell additional equity securities in the future, on favorable terms or at all.
Risks Related To Our Securities
Investing in our securities may involve a high degree of risk.
The investments we make in accordance with our investment objective may be highly speculative and result in a higher amount of risk than alternative investment options and a higher risk of volatility or loss of principal. Our investments in portfolio companies involve higher levels of risk, and therefore, an investment in our securities may not be suitable for someone with lower risk tolerance.
Shares of closed-end investment companies, including BDCs, may trade at a discount to their NAV.
Shares of closed-end investment companies, including BDCs, may trade at a discount to NAV. This characteristic of closed-end investment companies and BDCs is separate and distinct from the risk that our NAV per share may decline. We cannot predict whether our common stock will trade at, above or below NAV. In addition, if our common stock trades below our NAV per share, we will generally not be able to issue additional common stock at the market price unless our stockholders approve such a sale and our Board makes certain determinations. While our stockholders have authorized us to issue common stock at a price below the then-current NAV per share, subject to certain conditions including Board approval, for a twelve-month period expiring on July 20, 2024, we cannot predict whether we will make any such sales. See “Risk Factors — Risks Related to our Securities — Stockholders may incur dilution if we sell shares of our common stock in one or more offerings at prices below the then current NAV per share of our common stock or issue securities to subscribe to, convert to or purchase shares of our common stock” for a discussion related to us issuing shares of our common stock below NAV.
The market price of our securities may be volatile and fluctuate significantly.
Fluctuations in the trading prices of our securities may adversely affect the liquidity of the trading market for our securities and, if we seek to raise capital through future securities offerings, our ability to raise such capital. The market price and liquidity of the market for our securities may be significantly affected by numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control and may not be directly related to our operating performance. These factors include:
significant volatility in the market price and trading volume of securities of BDCs or other companies in our sector, which are not necessarily related to the operating performance of these companies;
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changes in regulatory policies, accounting pronouncements or tax guidelines;
the exclusion of BDC common stock from certain market indices, such as what happened with respect to the Russell indices and the Standard and Poor’s indices, could reduce the ability of certain investment funds to own our common stock and limit the number of owners of our common stock and otherwise negatively impact the market price of our common stock;
inability to obtain any exemptive relief that may be required by us in the future from the SEC;
loss of our BDC or RIC status or our wholly owned subsidiary’s status as an SBIC;
changes in our earnings or variations in our operating results;
changes in the value of our portfolio of investments;
any shortfall in our investment income or net investment income or any increase in losses from levels expected by investors or securities analysts;
loss of a major funding source;
fluctuations in interest rates;
the operating performance of companies comparable to us;
departure of our key personnel;
proposed, or completed, offerings of our securities, including classes other than our common stock;
global or national credit market changes; and
general economic trends and other external factors.
Stockholders may incur dilution if we sell shares of our common stock in one or more offerings at prices below the then current NAV per share of our common stock or issue securities to subscribe to, convert to or purchase shares of our common stock.
The 1940 Act prohibits us from selling shares of our common stock at a price below the current NAV per share of such stock, with certain exceptions. One such exception is prior stockholder approval of issuances below NAV provided that our Board of Directors makes certain determinations. In connection with our 2023 Annual Meeting, we obtained authorization from our stockholders to issue common stock below our then-current NAV per share, subject to certain conditions including Board approval, for a twelve-month period expiring on July 20, 2024. We may also seek such authorization at future annual or special meetings of stockholders. Our stockholders have previously approved a proposal to authorize us to issue securities to subscribe to, convert to, or purchase shares of our common stock in one or more offerings. Even though we have obtained authorization from our stockholders to issue common stock at a price below our then-current NAV, we cannot predict whether we will make any such sales. Any decision to sell shares of our common stock below the then current NAV per share of our common stock or securities to subscribe to, convert to, or purchase shares of our common stock would be subject to the determination by our Board that such issuance is in our and our stockholders’ best interests.
If we were to sell shares of our common stock below NAV per share, such sales would result in an immediate dilution to the NAV per share. This dilution would occur as a result of the sale of shares at a price below the then current NAV per share of our common stock and a proportionately greater decrease in a stockholder’s interest in our earnings and assets and voting interest in us than the increase in our assets resulting from such issuance. In addition, if we issue securities to subscribe to, convert to or purchase shares of common stock, the exercise or conversion of such securities would increase the number of outstanding shares of our common stock. Any such exercise would be dilutive on the voting power of existing stockholders and could be dilutive with regard to dividends and our NAV, and other economic aspects of the common stock.
Because the number of shares of common stock that could be so issued and the timing of any issuance is not currently known, the actual dilutive effect cannot be predicted; however, the example below illustrates the effect of dilution to existing stockholders resulting from the sale of common stock at prices below the NAV of such shares.
Illustration: Example of Dilutive Effect of the Issuance of Shares Below NAV. Assume that Company XYZ has 1,000,000 total shares outstanding, $15,000,000 in total assets and $5,000,000 in total liabilities. The NAV per share of the common stock of Company XYZ is $10.00. The following table illustrates the reduction to NAV, or NAV, and the dilution
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experienced by Stockholder A following the sale of 40,000 shares of the common stock of Company XYZ at $9.50 per share, a price below its NAV per share.
Prior to Sale
Below NAV
Following Sale
Below NAV
Percentage
Change
Reduction to NAV
Total Shares Outstanding1,000,000 1,040,000 4.0 %
NAV per share$10.00 $9.98 (0.2)%
Dilution to Existing Stockholder
Shares Held by Stockholder A10,000 10,000 
(1)
0.0 %
Percentage Held by Stockholder A1.00 %0.96 %(4.0)%
Total Interest of Stockholder A in NAV$100,000 $99,808 (0.2)%
(1)Assumes that Stockholder A does not purchase additional shares in the sale of shares below NAV.
In addition, all distributions in cash payable to stockholders who participate in our dividend reinvestment plan are automatically reinvested in shares of our common stock. As a result, stockholders who opt out of our dividend reinvestment plan will experience dilution of their ownership percentage of our common stock over time.
Provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law and of our charter and bylaws could deter takeover attempts and have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock.
The Maryland General Corporation Law and our charter and bylaws contain provisions that may have the effect of discouraging, delaying, or making difficult a change in control of our company or the removal of our incumbent directors. For example, our governing documents provide for a staggered board and authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock. The existence of these provisions, among others, may have a negative impact on the price of our common stock and may discourage third party bids for ownership of our company. These provisions may prevent any premiums being offered to you for our common stock.
We may in the future determine to issue preferred stock, which could adversely affect the market value of our common stock.
The issuance of shares of preferred stock with dividend or conversion rights, liquidation preferences or other economic terms favorable to the holders of preferred stock could adversely affect the market price for our common stock by making an investment in the common stock less attractive. In addition, the dividends on any preferred stock we issue must be cumulative. Payment of dividends and repayment of the liquidation preference of preferred stock must take preference over any dividends or other payments to our common stockholders, and holders of preferred stock are not subject to any of our expenses or losses and are not entitled to participate in any income or appreciation in excess of their stated preference (other than convertible preferred stock that converts into common stock). In addition, under the 1940 Act, preferred stock constitutes a “senior security” for purposes of the asset coverage test.
The Notes are unsecured and therefore effectively subordinated to any current or future secured indebtedness.
The Notes are not secured by any of our assets or any of the assets of our subsidiaries and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsubordinated, unsecured indebtedness. As a result, the Notes are effectively subordinated to any secured indebtedness we or our subsidiaries have currently incurred and may incur in the future (or any indebtedness that is initially unsecured to which we subsequently grant security) to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. In any liquidation, dissolution, bankruptcy or other similar proceeding, the holders of any of our existing or future secured indebtedness and the secured indebtedness of our subsidiaries may assert rights against the assets pledged to secure that indebtedness in order to receive full payment of their indebtedness before the assets may be used to pay other creditors, including the holders of the Notes.
The Notes are structurally subordinated to the indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries.
The Notes are obligations exclusively of Hercules Capital, Inc. and not of any of our subsidiaries. None of our subsidiaries are or act as guarantors of the Notes. Furthermore, the Notes are not required to be guaranteed by any subsidiaries we may acquire or create in the future. Our secured indebtedness with respect to the SBA debentures is held through our SBIC subsidiary. The assets of any such subsidiary are not directly available to satisfy the claims of our creditors, including holders of the Notes. Except to the extent we are a creditor with recognized claims against our subsidiaries, all claims of creditors (including holders of preferred stock, if any, of our subsidiaries) will have priority over our equity interests in such subsidiaries (and therefore the claims of our creditors, including holders of the Notes) with respect to the assets of such subsidiaries. Even if we are recognized as a creditor of one or more of our subsidiaries, our claims would still be subordinated to any security interests in the assets of any such subsidiary and to any indebtedness or
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other liabilities of any such subsidiary senior to our claims. As a result of not having a direct claim against any of our subsidiaries, the Notes are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) of our subsidiaries and any subsidiaries that we may in the future acquire or establish as financing vehicles or otherwise. In addition, our subsidiaries may incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future, all of which would be structurally senior to the Notes.
The Notes may or may not have an established trading market. If a trading market in the Notes is developed, it may not be maintained.
The Notes may or may not have an established trading market. If a trading market in the Notes is developed, it may not be maintained. If the Notes are traded, they may trade at a discount to their initial offering price depending on prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities, our credit ratings, our financial condition or other relevant factors. Accordingly, a liquid trading market may not develop for any or all of the Notes, and noteholders may not be able to sell Notes at a particular time or at a favorable price. To the extent an active trading market does not develop or is not maintained, the liquidity and trading price for the Notes may be harmed. Accordingly, noteholders may be required to bear the financial risk of an investment in the Notes for an indefinite period of time.
A downgrade, suspension, or withdrawal of the credit rating assigned by a rating agency to us or our debt securities, if any, or change in the debt markets could cause the liquidity or market value of our debt securities to decline significantly.
Our credit ratings are an assessment by rating agencies of our ability to pay our debts when due. Consequently, real or anticipated changes in our credit ratings will generally affect the market value of our outstanding debt and equity securities and our ability to raise capital. These credit ratings may not reflect the potential impact of risks relating to the structure or marketing of such debt and equity securities. Credit ratings are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security, and may be revised or withdrawn at any time by the issuing organization in its sole discretion. Neither we nor any underwriter undertakes any obligation to maintain our credit ratings or to advise holders of our debt and equity securities of any changes in our credit ratings. There can be no assurance that a credit rating will remain for any given period of time or that such credit ratings will not be lowered or withdrawn entirely if future circumstances relating to the basis of the credit rating, such as adverse changes in our company, so warrant. An increase in the competitive environment, inability to cover distributions, or increase in leverage could lead to a downgrade in our credit ratings and limit our access to the debt and equity markets capability impairing our ability to grow the business. The conditions of the financial markets and prevailing interest rates have fluctuated in the past and are likely to fluctuate in the future.
The indentures under which the Notes were issued contain limited protections for the holders of the Notes.
The indentures under which the Notes were issued offers limited protections to the holders of the Notes. The terms of the respective Notes indentures do not restrict our or any of our subsidiaries’ ability to engage in, or otherwise be a party to, a variety of corporate transactions, circumstances or events that could have an adverse impact on an investment in the Notes. In particular, the terms of the respective Notes indentures do not place any restrictions on our or our subsidiaries’ ability to:
issue securities or otherwise incur additional indebtedness or other obligations, including (1) any indebtedness or other obligations that would be equal in right of payment to the Notes, (2) any indebtedness or other obligations that would be secured and therefore rank effectively senior in right of payment to the Notes to the extent of the values of the assets securing such debt, (3) indebtedness of ours that is guaranteed by one or more of our subsidiaries and which therefore would rank structurally senior to the Notes and (4) securities, indebtedness or other obligations issued or incurred by our subsidiaries that would be senior in right of payment to our equity interests in our subsidiaries and therefore would rank structurally senior in right of payment to the Notes with respect to the assets of our subsidiaries, in each case other than an incurrence of indebtedness or other obligation that would cause a violation of Section 18(a)(1)(A) as modified by Section 61(a)(1) of the 1940 Act or any successor provisions, whether or not we continue to be subject to such provisions of the 1940 Act, but giving effect to any exemptive relief granted to us by the SEC (currently, these provisions generally prohibit us from making additional borrowings, including through the issuance of additional debt or the sale of additional debt securities, unless our asset coverage, as defined in the 1940 Act, equals at least 150% thereafter after such borrowings);
pay dividends on, or purchase or redeem or make any payments in respect of, capital stock or other securities ranking junior in right of payment to the Notes, including subordinated indebtedness;
sell assets (other than certain limited restrictions on our ability to consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets);
enter into transactions with affiliates;
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create liens (including liens on the shares of our subsidiaries) or enter into sale and leaseback transactions;
make investments; or
create restrictions on the payment of distributions or other amounts to us from our subsidiaries.
Furthermore, the terms of the respective Notes indentures do not protect their respective holders in the event that we experience changes (including significant adverse changes) in our financial condition, results of operations or credit ratings, as they do not require that we or our subsidiaries adhere to any financial tests or ratios or specified levels of net worth, revenues, income, cash flow or liquidity.
Our ability to recapitalize, incur additional debt and take a number of other actions that are not limited by the terms of the Notes may have important consequences for their holders, including making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to the Notes or negatively affecting their trading value.
Certain of our debt instruments include more protections for their respective lenders than the Notes, and we may issue or incur additional debt in the future which could contain more protections for its holders, including additional covenants and events of default. The issuance or incurrence of any such debt with incremental protections could affect the market for and trading levels and prices of the Notes.
Terms relating to redemption may materially adversely affect the return on any debt securities that we may issue.
With respect to debt securities issued by us that are redeemable at our option, we may choose to redeem such debt securities at times when prevailing interest rates are lower than the interest rate paid on such debt securities. In addition, with respect to debt securities issued by us that are subject to mandatory redemption, we may be required to redeem such debt securities at times when prevailing interest rates are lower than the interest rate paid on such debt securities. In this circumstance, such noteholders may not be able to reinvest the redemption proceeds in a comparable security at an effective interest rate as high as those debt securities being redeemed. We may redeem our Notes at a redemption price set forth under the terms of the individual indentures. See "Note 5 – Debt." If we choose to redeem our Notes when the fair market value is above par value, such noteholders would experience a loss of any potential premium.
If we default on our obligations imposed upon us by our indebtedness, we may not be able to make payments on our outstanding Notes and Credit Facilities.
The agreements governing our indebtedness, including our Notes and Credit Facilities, require us to comply with certain financial, operational and payment covenants. These covenants require us to, among other things, maintain certain financial ratios, including asset coverage, debt to equity and interest coverage. Our ability to continue to comply with these covenants in the future depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control. Any default under such agreements, or other indebtedness to which we may be a party, that is not waived by the required lenders or holders, and the remedies sought by the holders of such indebtedness, could make us unable to pay principal, premium, if any, and interest on any of our indebtedness, including our Notes and Credit Facilities, or other indebtedness and substantially decrease the market value of our outstanding Notes and Credit Facilities debt. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow and are otherwise unable to obtain funds necessary to meet required payments of principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness, or if we otherwise fail to comply with the various covenants, including financial and operating covenants, in the instruments governing our indebtedness, we could be in default under the terms of the agreements governing such indebtedness. In the event of such default, (i) the holders of such indebtedness could elect to declare all the funds borrowed thereunder to be due and payable, together with accrued and unpaid interest, (ii) the lenders under our Credit Facilities or other debt we may incur in the future could elect to terminate their commitments, cease making further loans and institute foreclosure proceedings against our assets, and (iii) we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. If our operating performance declines, we may in the future need to seek to obtain waivers from the required lenders under our Credit Facilities or the required holders of our outstanding Notes or other debt that we may incur in the future to avoid being in default. If we breach our debt covenants and seek a waiver, we may not be able to obtain a waiver from the required lenders or holders. If this occurs, we would be in default under the related Credit Facility or Notes and the lenders or holders could exercise their rights as described above, and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. If we are unable to repay debt, lenders having secured obligations, including the lenders under our Credit Facilities, could proceed against the collateral securing the debt. Because our Credit Facilities have, and any future credit facilities will likely have, customary cross-default and cross-acceleration provisions, if our outstanding Notes are accelerated, we may be unable to repay or finance the amounts due.
We may not be able to prepay the Notes upon a change in control.
The indentures governing the July 2024 Notes, February 2025 Notes, June 2025 Notes, June 2025 3-Year Notes, March 2026 A Notes, March 2026 B Notes, September 2026 Notes and January 2027 Notes require us to offer to prepay all of the issued and outstanding notes upon a change in control and election by the holders, which could have a material
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adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. A change in control under the indentures occurs upon the consummation of a transaction which results in a “person” or “group” (as those terms are used in the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder) becoming the beneficial owner of more than 50% of our outstanding voting stock.
Upon a change in control event, holders of the notes may require us to prepay for cash some or all of the notes at a prepayment price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes being prepaid, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the date of prepayment. If a change in control were to occur, we may not have sufficient funds to prepay any such accelerated indebtedness. The 2033 Notes do not require us to purchase the 2033 Notes in connection with a change of control or any other event. Our Credit Facilities do not require us to repay the Credit Facilities in connection with a change of control, however, certain merger or consolidation transactions may trigger an event of default under the Credit Facilities, which may result in amounts outstanding under the Credit Facilities to be accelerated.
Any inability to renew, extend or replace our Credit Facilities could adversely impact our liquidity and ability to find new investments or maintain distributions to our stockholders.
The MUFG Bank Facility and the SMBC Facility mature in January 2027 and November 2026, respectively. In addition, the SMBC LC Facility has a final maturity date ending January 2026. There can be no assurance that we will be able to renew, extend or replace our Credit Facilities upon maturity on terms that are favorable to us, if at all. Our ability to renew, extend or replace the Credit Facilities will be constrained by then-current economic conditions affecting the credit markets. In the event that we are not able to renew, extend or replace our Credit Facilities at the time of their respective maturities, this could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and ability to fund new investments, our ability to make distributions to our stockholders and our ability to qualify as a RIC.
Risks Related To Our SBIC Subsidiaries
We, through our wholly owned subsidiary, issue debt securities guaranteed by the SBA and sold in the capital markets. As a result of its guarantee of the debt securities, the SBA has fixed dollar claims on the assets of our subsidiary that are superior to the claims of our securities holders.
We, through our wholly owned subsidiary Hercules Capital IV, LP ("HC IV"), have outstanding SBIC debentures guaranteed by the SBA. The debentures guaranteed by the SBA have a maturity of ten years from the date of issuance (maturing in 2031 and 2032) and require semiannual payments of interest. We will need to generate sufficient cash flow to make required interest payments on the debentures. If we are unable to meet the financial obligations under the debentures, the SBA, as a creditor, will have a superior claim to the assets of HC IV over our securities holders in the event we liquidate or the SBA exercises its remedies under such debentures as the result of a default by us. See “Item 1. Business — Regulation—Small Business Administration Regulations.”
Our wholly owned subsidiary is licensed by the SBA, and therefore subject to SBIC regulations.
HC IV is licensed to act as SBICs and is regulated by the SBA. The SBA also places certain limitations on the financing terms of investments by SBICs in portfolio companies and prohibits SBICs from providing funds for certain purposes or to businesses in a few prohibited industries. Compliance with SBA requirements may cause us to forego attractive investment opportunities that are not permitted under SBIC regulations. Further, the SBIC regulations require, among other things, that a licensed SBIC be periodically examined by the SBA and audited by an independent auditor, in each case to determine the SBIC’s compliance with the relevant SBIC regulations. The SBA prohibits, without prior SBA approval, a “change of control” of an SBIC or transfers that would result in any person (or a group of persons acting in concert) owning 10% or more of a class of capital stock of a licensed SBIC. If HC IV fails to comply with applicable SBIC regulations, the SBA could, depending on the severity of the violation, limit or prohibit our use of SBIC debentures, declare outstanding SBIC debentures immediately due and payable, and/or limit HC IV from making new investments. In addition, the SBA can revoke or suspend a license for willful or repeated violation of, or willful or repeated failure to observe, any provision of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder. Such actions by the SBA would, in turn, negatively affect us.
Our SBIC subsidiary may be unable to make distributions to us that will enable us to meet or maintain RIC status, which could result in the imposition of an entity-level tax.
In order for us to continue to qualify for RIC tax treatment and to minimize corporate-level U.S. federal taxes, we will be required to distribute substantially all of our net ordinary taxable income and net capital gain income, including taxable income from certain of our subsidiaries, which includes the income from HC IV. We will be partially dependent on HC IV for cash distributions to enable us to meet the RIC distribution requirements. HC IV may be limited by SBIC regulations from making certain distributions to us that may be necessary to enable us to maintain our status as a RIC. We may have to request a waiver of the SBA’s restrictions for HC IV to make certain distributions to maintain our eligibility
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for RIC status. We cannot assure you that the SBA will grant such waiver and if HC IV is unable to obtain a waiver, compliance with the SBIC regulations may result in loss of RIC status and a consequent imposition of an entity-level tax on us.
Risks Related To Operating As A RIC And U.S. Federal Income Taxes
We will be subject to U.S. federal income tax if we are unable to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code.
To maintain RIC status under Subchapter M Part I of the Code, we must meet the following distribution, income and asset requirements:
The Distribution Requirements for a RIC will be satisfied if we distribute to our stockholders on an annual basis at least 90% of our net ordinary taxable income and realized net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, if any. Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, we may choose to carry forward taxable income in excess of current year distributions into the next tax year and pay a 4% U.S. federal excise tax on such income. Any such carryover taxable income must be distributed through a dividend declared prior to filing the final tax return related to the year which generated such taxable income. For more information regarding tax treatment, see “Item 1. Business — Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations — Taxation as a Regulated Investment Company.” Because we use debt financing, we are subject to certain asset coverage ratio requirements under the 1940 Act and are (and may in the future become) subject to certain financial covenants under loan and credit agreements that could, under certain circumstances, restrict us from making distributions necessary to satisfy the distribution requirement. In addition, because we receive non-cash sources of income such as PIK interest which involves us recognizing taxable income without receiving the cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the distribution requirement. If we are unable to obtain cash from other sources, we could fail to qualify as a RIC and thus become subject to U.S. federal income tax.
The Income Test will be satisfied if we obtain at least 90% of our gross income for each year from dividends, interest, gains from the sale of stock or securities or similar sources.
The Asset Test will be satisfied if we meet certain asset diversification requirements at the end of each quarter of our taxable year. To satisfy this requirement, at least 50% of the value of our assets must consist of cash, cash equivalents, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs, and other acceptable securities; and no more than 25% of the value of our assets can be invested in the securities, other than U.S. government securities or securities of other RICs, (i) of one issuer, (ii) of two or more issuers that are controlled, as determined under applicable Code rules, by us and that are engaged in the same or similar or related trades or businesses or (iii) of certain “qualified publicly traded partnerships.”
Failure to meet these requirements may result in our having to dispose of certain investments quickly in order to prevent the loss of RIC status. Because most of our investments are in privately held companies, and therefore illiquid, any such dispositions could be made at disadvantageous prices and could result in substantial losses. Moreover, if we fail to maintain our RIC status for any reason and are subject to U.S. federal income taxes, the resulting taxes could substantially reduce our net assets, the amount of income available for distribution and the amount of our distributions.
We may have difficulty paying the distributions required to maintain RIC status under the Code if we recognize income before or without receiving cash representing such income.
We will include in income certain amounts that we have not yet received in cash. Among other circumstances, these amounts generally relate to: (i) amortization of OID, which may arise if (a) we receive equity, warrants, or another asset in connection with the origination of a loan; (b) we invest or acquire a debt investment at a discount to its par value; (ii) contractual payment-in-kind, or PIK, interest, which represents contractual interest added to the loan balance and due at the end of the loan term; (iii) contractual exit fees, which is a contractual fee accrued over the life of a loan and its typically due at loan payoff; or (iv) contractual preferred dividends, which represents contractual dividends added to the preferred stock and due at the end of the preferred stock term, subject to adequate profitability at the portfolio company. Such amortization of OID, accrual to par of any debt bought below par, accrual of PIK, exit fees, and cumulative preferred dividends will be included in income before we receive the corresponding cash payments.
Since, in certain cases, we may recognize taxable income before or without receiving cash representing such income, we may have difficulty meeting the Distribution Requirements necessary to maintain RIC status under the Code. Accordingly, we may have to sell some of our investments at times and/or at prices we would not consider advantageous, raise additional debt or equity capital or forgo new investment opportunities for this purpose. If we are not able to obtain cash from other sources, we may fail to qualify as a RIC and thus become subject to U.S. federal income tax. For additional discussion regarding the tax implications of a RIC, please see “Item 1. Business — Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations – Taxation as a Regulated Investment Company.”
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We may in the future choose to pay distributions in our own stock, in which case you may be required to pay tax in excess of the cash you receive.
We may distribute taxable dividends that are payable in part in our stock. Under certain applicable provisions of the Code and the Treasury regulations, distributions payable by us in cash or in shares of stock (at the stockholders’ election) would satisfy the Distribution Requirements. The IRS has issued guidance providing that a dividend payable in stock or in cash at the election of the stockholders will be treated as a taxable dividend eligible for the dividends paid deduction provided that at least 20% of the total dividend is payable in cash and certain other requirements are satisfied. Taxable stockholders receiving such dividends will be required to include the full amount of the dividend as ordinary income (or as long-term capital gain to the extent such dividend is properly reported as a capital gain dividend) to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, a U.S. stockholder may be required to pay tax with respect to such dividends in excess of any cash received. If a U.S. stockholder sells the stock it receives as a dividend in order to pay this tax, the sales proceeds may be less than the amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the market price of our stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to non-U.S. stockholders, we may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in stock. In addition, if a significant number of our stockholders determine to sell shares of our stock in order to pay taxes owed on dividends, it may put downward pressure on the trading price of our stock.
Stockholders may have current tax liability on dividends they elect to reinvest in our common stock but would not receive cash from such dividends to pay such tax liability.
If stockholders participate in our dividend reinvestment plan, they will be deemed to have received, and for federal income tax purposes will be taxed on, the amount reinvested in our common stock to the extent the amount reinvested was not a tax-free return of capital. As a result, unless a stockholder is a tax-exempt entity, it may have to use funds from other sources to pay its tax liability on the value of the dividend that they have elected to have reinvested in our common stock.
Legislative or regulatory tax changes could adversely affect our stockholders.
At any time, the U.S. federal income tax laws governing RICs or the administrative interpretations of those laws or regulations may be amended. The likelihood of any new legislation being enacted is uncertain. Any of those new laws, regulations or interpretations may take effect retroactively and could adversely affect the taxation of us or our stockholders. Therefore, changes in tax laws, regulations or administrative interpretations or any amendments thereto could diminish the value of an investment in our shares or the value or the resale potential of our investments. If we do not comply with applicable laws and regulations, we could lose any licenses that we then hold for the conduct of our business and may be subject to civil fines and criminal penalties.
FATCA withholding may apply to payments made to certain foreign entities.
The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act provisions of the Code and the related Treasury Regulations and other administrative guidance promulgated thereunder, or collectively, FATCA, generally requires us to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of interest and taxable dividends made to a foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity (including such an institution or entity acting as an intermediary) unless the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity complies with certain information reporting, withholding, identification, certification and related requirements imposed by FATCA. Persons located in jurisdictions that have entered into an intergovernmental agreement with the United States to implement FATCA may be subject to different rules. Stockholders may be requested to provide additional information to enable us to determine whether such withholding is required.
General Risk Factors
We are currently operating in a period of economic and political uncertainty, and capital markets may experience periods of disruption and instability in the future. These market conditions may materially and adversely affect debt and equity capital markets in the United States and abroad, which may have a negative impact on our business and operations.
U.S. capital markets have experienced volatility and disruption in recent years, including as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, certain regional bank failures, and an inflationary economic environment. These and future market disruptions and/or illiquidity would be expected to have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, as well as the businesses of our portfolio companies, and the broader financial and credit markets.
At various times, such disruptions have resulted in, and may in the future result in, a lack of liquidity in parts of the debt capital markets, significant write-offs in the financial services sector and the repricing of credit risk. Such
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conditions may occur for a prolonged period of time again, and may materially worsen in the future, including as a result of U.S. government shutdowns, or future downgrades to the U.S. government's sovereign credit rating or the perceived credit worthiness of the U.S. or other large global economies. In addition, the current U.S. political environment and presidential election and the resulting uncertainties regarding actual and potential shifts in U.S. foreign investment, trade, taxation, economic, environmental and other policies, as well as the impact of geopolitical tension, such as a deterioration in the bilateral relationship between the U.S. and China or an escalation in conflict between Russia and Ukraine or in the Middle East, could lead to disruption, instability and volatility in the global markets. Unfavorable economic conditions also would be expected to increase our funding costs, limit our access to the capital markets or result in a decision by lenders not to extend credit to us. These events have limited and could continue to limit our investment originations, and limit our ability to grow and could have a material negative impact on our operating results, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and the fair values of our debt and equity investments.
In addition, the U.S. and global capital markets have in the past, and may in the future, experience periods of extreme volatility and disruption during economic downturns and recessions. Trade wars and volatility in the U.S. repo market, the U.S. high yield bond markets, the Chinese stock markets and global markets for commodities may affect other financial markets worldwide. Increases to budget deficits or direct and contingent sovereign debt may create concerns about the ability of certain nations to service their sovereign debt obligations and any risks resulting from any such debt crisis in Europe, the U.S. or elsewhere could have a detrimental impact on the global economy, sovereign and non-sovereign debt in certain countries and the financial condition of financial institutions generally. Government shutdowns or austerity measures that certain countries may agree to as part of any debt crisis or disruptions to major financial trading markets may adversely affect world economic conditions, our business and the businesses of our portfolio companies.
Additionally, the Federal Reserve may continue to raise the Federal Funds Rate in 2024. These developments, along with the United States government’s debt ceiling, budget, credit, and deficit concerns, presidential election, and global economic uncertainties and market volatility, could cause interest rates to be volatile, which may negatively impact our ability to access the capital markets on favorable terms.
Deterioration in the economy and financial markets could impair our portfolio companies’ financial positions and operating results and affect the industries in which we invest, which could, in turn, harm our operating results.
The broader fundamentals of the United States economy remain mixed. In the event that the United States economy contracts, it is likely that the financial results of small to mid-sized companies, like those in which we invest, could experience deterioration or limited growth from current levels, which could ultimately lead to difficulty in meeting their debt service requirements and an increase in defaults. In addition, a decline in oil and natural gas prices would adversely affect the credit quality of our debt investments and the underlying operating performance of our equity investments in energy-related businesses. Consequently, we can provide no assurance that the performance of certain portfolio companies will not be negatively impacted by economic cycles, industry cycles or other conditions, which could also have a negative impact on our future results.
Although we have been able to secure access to additional liquidity, the potential for volatility in the debt and equity capital markets provides no assurance that debt or equity capital will be available to us in the future on favorable terms, or at all.
We may experience fluctuations in our operating results.
We could experience fluctuations in our operating results due to a number of factors, including our ability or inability to make investments in companies that meet our investment criteria, the interest rate payable on the debt securities we acquire, the level of portfolio dividend and fee income, the level of our expenses, variations in and the timing of the recognition of realized and unrealized gains or losses, the degree to which we encounter competition in our markets and general economic conditions. As a result of these factors, operating results for any period should not be relied upon as being indicative of performance in future periods.
Terrorist attacks, acts of war, public health crises, climate change, or natural disasters may affect any market for our securities, impact the businesses in which we invest and harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
Terrorist acts, acts of war, public health crises (including the COVID-19 outbreak) or natural disasters may disrupt our operations, as well as the operations of the businesses in which we invest. Such acts have created, and continue to create, economic and political uncertainties and have contributed to global economic instability. Future terrorist activities, military or security operations, public health crises, climate change, or natural disasters could further weaken the domestic/global economies and create additional uncertainties, which may negatively impact the businesses in which we invest directly or indirectly and, in turn, could have a material adverse impact on our business, operating results and financial condition. Losses from terrorist attacks, public health crises, climate change, and natural disasters are generally uninsurable.
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Technological innovations and industry disruptions, including those related to artificial intelligence and machine learning, may negatively impact us.
Technological innovations, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, have disrupted traditional approaches in multiple industries and can permit younger companies to achieve success and in the process disrupt markets and market practices. We can provide no assurance that new businesses and approaches will not be created that would compete with us and/or our portfolio companies or alter the market practices in which we have been designed to function within and on which we depend on for our investment return. New approaches could damage our investments, disrupt the market in which we operate and subject us to increased competition, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of investments.
We may, subject to internal policies, use artificial intelligence or machine learning in connection with our business activities, including investment activities. The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning carries with it certain risks, including the risks that inputs include confidential or personally identifiable information and that outputs contain inaccuracies and errors. The applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning, including those in the investment and financial sectors, continue to develop rapidly, and it is impossible to predict all of the future risks that may arise from such developments. We cannot control the use of artificial intelligence or machine learning in our portfolio companies or third-party products or services and therefore could be exposed to associated risks if our portfolio companies, third-party service providers or any counterparties use artificial intelligence or machine learning in their business activities.
We are highly dependent on information systems and systems failures could significantly disrupt our business, which may, in turn, negatively affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to pay dividends.
Our business is highly dependent on our and third parties’ communications and information systems. Any failure or interruption of those systems, including as a result of the termination of an agreement with any third-party service providers, could cause delays or other problems in our activities. Our financial, accounting, data processing, backup or other operating systems and facilities may fail to operate properly or become disabled or damaged as a result of a number of factors including events that are wholly or partially beyond our control and adversely affect our business. There could be:
sudden electrical or telecommunications outages;
natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes and hurricanes;
disease pandemics;
events arising from local or larger scale political or social matters, including terrorist acts and social unrest; and
cyber-attacks, including software viruses, ransomware, malware and phishing and vishing schemes.
The failure in cyber security systems, as well as the occurrence of events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems and business continuity planning could impair our ability to conduct business effectively.
Our business operations rely upon secure information technology systems for data processing, storage and reporting. Despite careful security and controls design, implementation and updating, our information technology systems could become subject to cyber-attacks, which have been occurring globally at a more frequent and severe level and are expected to continue to increase in frequency and severity in the future. Network, system, application and data breaches could result in operational disruptions or information misappropriation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
The occurrence of a disaster such as a cyber-attack, a natural catastrophe, an industrial accident, a terrorist attack or war, events unanticipated in our disaster recovery systems, or a support failure from external providers, could have an adverse effect on our ability to conduct business and on our results of operations and financial condition, particularly if those events affect our computer-based data processing, transmission, storage, and retrieval systems or destroy data. If a significant number of our managers were unavailable in the event of a disaster, our ability to effectively conduct our business could be severely compromised.
We depend heavily upon computer systems to perform necessary business functions. Despite our implementation of a variety of security measures, our computer systems could be subject to cyber-attacks and unauthorized access, such as physical and electronic break-ins or unauthorized tampering. Like other companies, we may experience threats to our data and systems, including malware and computer virus attacks, unauthorized access, system failures and disruptions. If one or more of these events occurs, it could potentially jeopardize the confidential, proprietary and other information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks, or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations, which could result in damage to our reputation, financial losses, litigation, increased costs, regulatory penalties and/or customer dissatisfaction or loss.
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Third parties with which we do business (including, but not limited to, service providers, such as accountants, custodians, transfer agents and administrators, and the issuers of securities in which we invest) may also be sources or targets of cyber security or other technological risks. While we engage in actions to reduce our exposure to third-party risks, we cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by these third parties and ongoing threats may result in unauthorized access, loss, exposure or destruction of data, or other cybersecurity incidents, with increased costs and other consequences, including those described above.
Privacy and information security laws and regulation changes, and compliance with those changes, may also result in cost increases due to system changes and the development of new administrative processes and may divert management's attention. Any failure to comply with such laws and regulations by us, our service providers, through the use of artificial intelligence or machine learning or otherwise could result in fines, sanctions or other penalties, which could materially and adversely affect our operating results, as well as have a negative impact on our reputation and performance.
We may experience fluctuations in our quarterly operating results.
We could experience fluctuations in our quarterly operating results due to a number of factors, including the interest rate payable on the loans and debt securities we acquire, the default rate on such loans and securities, the level of our expenses, variations in and the timing of the recognition of realized and unrealized gains or losses, the degree to which we encounter competition in our markets and general economic conditions. In light of these factors, results for any period should not be relied upon as being indicative of performance in future periods.
We may be the target of litigation.
We may be the target of securities litigation in the future, particularly if the value of shares of our common stock fluctuates significantly. We could also generally be subject to litigation, including derivative actions by our stockholders or in connection with shareholder activism. In addition, our investment activities subject us to litigation relating to the bankruptcy process and the normal risks of becoming involved in litigation by third parties. This risk is somewhat greater where we exercise control or significant influence over a portfolio company’s direction. Any litigation could result in substantial costs and divert management’s attention and resources from our business and cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Item 1B.    Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 1C.    Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity Program Overview
Our cybersecurity program is designed to identify, assess, and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats. The cyber risk management program involves risk assessments, implementation of security measures, and ongoing monitoring of systems and networks, including networks on which we rely. We actively monitor the current threat landscape in an effort to identify material risks arising from new and evolving cybersecurity threats. We engage external experts, including cybersecurity assessors, consultants, and auditors to evaluate cybersecurity measures and risk management processes. We depend on and engage various third parties, including suppliers, vendors, and service providers. Our risk management, legal, information technology, and compliance personnel identify and oversee risks from cybersecurity threats associated with our use of such entities.
Board Oversight of Cybersecurity Risks
Our Board provides strategic oversight on cybersecurity matters, including risks associated with cybersecurity threats. The Board receives periodic updates from our Chief Operating Officer and, as appropriate, the Chief Compliance Officer and the Director of Information Technology, regarding the overall state of our cybersecurity program, information on the current threat landscape, and risks from cybersecurity threats and cybersecurity incidents.
Management's Role in Cybersecurity Risk Management
Our management, including our Chief Operating Officer and Chief Compliance Officer, is responsible for assessing and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. Members of Company management possess relevant expertise in various disciplines that are key to effectively managing such risks, such as information systems technology, cybersecurity, regulatory compliance and corporate governance. Our management is informed about and monitors the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents, including through the receipt of notifications from service providers and reliance on communications with risk management, legal, information technology, and/or compliance personnel.
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Assessment of Cybersecurity Risk
The potential impact of risks from cybersecurity threats are assessed on an ongoing basis, and how such risks could materially affect our business strategy, operational results, and financial condition are regularly evaluated. During the reporting period, we have not identified any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of previous cybersecurity incidents, that we believe have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, us, including our business strategy, operational results, and financial condition.
Item 2.     Properties
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries own any real estate or other physical properties materially important to our operation or any of our subsidiaries. Until February 12, 2024, our corporate headquarters was located in leased office space at 400 Hamilton Avenue, Suite 310, in Palo Alto, CA. Effective February 12, 2024, we moved our corporate headquarters to 1 North B Street, Suite 2000 in San Mateo, California. We also lease office space in Boston, MA, New York, NY, Bethesda, MD, Denver, CO, Westport, CT, Chicago, IL, San Diego, CA, and London, United Kingdom.
Item 3.     Legal Proceedings
We may, from time to time, be involved in litigation arising out of our operations in the normal course of business or otherwise. Furthermore, third parties may try to seek to impose liability on us in connection with the activities of our portfolio companies. While the outcome of any current legal proceedings cannot at this time be predicted with certainty, we do not expect any current matters will materially affect our financial condition or results of operations; however, there can be no assurance whether any pending legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations in any future reporting period.
Item 4.     Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
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PART II
Item 5.     Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK
Our common stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol “HTGC.” As of February 2, 2024, we had approximately 134,176 stockholders of record. Most of the shares of our common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders. There are currently approximately 190 additional beneficial holders of our common stock.
Shares of BDCs may trade at a market price that is less than the NAV per share. The possibilities that our shares of common stock will trade at a discount from NAV or at premiums that are unsustainable over the long term are separate and distinct from the risk that our NAV will decrease. At times, our shares of common stock have traded at a premium to NAV or at a significant discount to the NAV per share.
Price Range of Common Stock and Distributions
The following table sets forth the range of high and low closing sales prices of our common stock, the sales price as a percentage of NAV and the distributions declared by us for each fiscal quarter. The stock quotations are interdealer quotations and do not include markups, markdowns or commissions.
Price Range
Premium/
Discount of
High Sales
Price to NAV
Premium/
Discount of
Low Sales
Price to NAV
Cash
Distribution
per Share(2)
NAV(1)
HighLow
2021
First quarter$11.36 $16.60 $14.21 46.1 %25.1 %$0.37 
Second quarter$11.71 $17.66 $15.98 50.8 %36.5 %$0.39 
Third quarter$11.54 $17.56 $16.50 52.2 %43.0 %$0.39 
Fourth quarter$11.22 $18.07 $16.14 61.1 %43.9 %$0.40 
2022
First quarter$10.82 $18.23 $16.56 68.5 %53.0 %$0.48 
Second quarter$10.43 $18.91 $12.82 81.3 %22.9 %$0.48 
Third quarter$10.47 $16.13 $11.45 54.1 %9.4 %$0.50 
Fourth quarter$10.53 $14.92 $11.59 41.7 %10.1 %$0.51 
2023
First quarter$10.82 $16.24 $11.56 50.1 %6.8 %$0.47 
Second quarter$10.96 $15.08 $12.38 37.6 %13.0 %$0.47 
Third quarter$10.93 $18.02 $14.86 64.9 %36.0 %$0.48 
Fourth quarter$11.43 $16.93 $15.09 48.2 %32.1 %$0.48 
(1)NAV per share is generally determined as of the last day in the relevant quarter and therefore may not reflect the NAV per share on the date of the high and low sales prices. The NAVs shown are based on outstanding shares at the end of each period.
(2)Represents the dividend or distribution declared in the relevant quarter.
SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
During 2023, 2022, and 2021, we issued 303,960, 259,466, and 248,041 shares, respectively, of common stock to stockholders in connection with the dividend reinvestment plan. These issuances were not subject to the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended ("the Securities Act"). The aggregate value of the shares of our common stock issued under our dividend reinvestment plan during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 were approximately $4.6 million, $4.0 million, and $4.1 million, respectively.
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
See “Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.”
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ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
The Company did not repurchase common stock on the open market during the years ended 2023, 2022, and 2021. Upon vesting of restricted stock awarded pursuant to our equity compensation plans, shares may be withheld to meet applicable tax withholding requirements. Any shares withheld are treated as common stock purchases by the Company in our consolidated financial statements as they reduce the number of shares received by employees upon vesting. These shares are netted within the amounts “Issuance of common stock under equity-based award plans” and “Shares retired on vesting of equity-based awards” disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets.
DISTRIBUTION POLICY
To maintain our RIC status under the Code, we must distribute to our stockholders dividend distributions of an amount generally at least equal to the Distribution Requirements. See “Item 1. Business - Certain United States Income Tax Considerations.”
Our Board maintains a variable distribution policy with the objective of distributing four quarterly distributions in an amount that approximates 90-100% of our taxable quarterly income or potential annual income for a particular tax year. In addition, periodically our Board may choose to pay additional special distributions, so that we may distribute approximately all of our annual taxable income in the taxable year in which it was earned, or may elect to maintain the option to spill over our excess taxable income into the following taxable year as part of any future distribution payments.
Distributions from our taxable income to a stockholder generally will be treated as a dividend for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of such stockholder’s allocable share of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits would generally be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of a stockholder’s tax basis in our shares, and any remaining distributions would be treated as a capital gain. The determination of the tax attributes of our distributions is made annually as of the end of our taxable year based upon our taxable income for the full taxable year and distributions paid for the full taxable year. Of the distributions declared during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, 100% were distributions derived from our current and accumulated earnings and profits. There can be no certainty to stockholders that this determination is representative of what the tax attributes of our 2024 distributions to stockholders will actually be and we cannot assure you that we will achieve results that will permit the payment of any cash distributions.
We maintain an “opt-out” distribution reinvestment plan that provides for reinvestment of our distribution on behalf of our stockholders, unless a stockholder elects to receive cash. As a result, if our Board authorizes, and we declare a cash distribution, then our stockholders who have not “opted out” of our distribution reinvestment plan will have their cash distribution automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock, rather than receiving the cash distributions. During 2023, 2022, and 2021, we issued 303,960, 259,466 and 248,041 shares, respectively, of common stock to stockholders in connection with the distribution reinvestment plan.
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PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The following stock performance graph compares the cumulative stockholder return assuming that, on December 31, 2018, a person invested $100 in each of our common stock, the S&P 500 Index, the NASDAQ Financial 100 Index, the S&P BDC Index, and the KBW Regional Bank Index. The graph measures total stockholder return, which takes into account both changes in stock price and distributions, prior to any tax effect. It assumes that distributions paid are reinvested in like securities.
HTGC.10K2023 - Performance Graph.jpg
*Assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2018 in Hercules Capital, Inc. or the applicable index, and that all dividends are reinvested.
This graph and other information furnished under Part II. Item 5 of the Form 10-K shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C, or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. The stock price performance included in the above graph is not necessarily indicative of, or intended to forecast, future stock price performance.
Item 6.     [Reserved]
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Item 7.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The matters discussed in this report, as well as in future oral and written statements by management of Hercules Capital, Inc. that are forward-looking statements are based on current management expectations that involve substantial risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements relate to future events or our future financial performance. We generally identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “target,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other similar expressions. Important assumptions include our ability to originate new investments, achieve certain margins and levels of profitability, the availability of additional capital, and the ability to maintain certain debt to asset ratios. In light of these and other uncertainties, the inclusion of a projection or forward-looking statement in this report should not be regarded as a representation by us that our plans or objectives will be achieved. The forward-looking statements contained in this report include statements as to:
our current and future management structure;
our future operating results;
our business prospects and the prospects of our prospective portfolio companies;
the impact of investments that we expect to make;
our informal relationships with third parties including in the venture capital industry;
the expected market for venture capital investments and our addressable market;
the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its impact on the industries in which we invest;
our ability to access debt markets and equity markets;
the occurrence and impact of macro-economic developments (for example, global pandemics, natural disasters, terrorism, international conflicts and war) on us and our portfolio companies;
the ability of our portfolio companies to achieve their objectives;
our expected financings and investments;
our regulatory structure and tax status as a RIC;
our ability to operate as a BDC and a SBIC;
the adequacy of our cash resources and working capital;
the timing of cash flows, if any, from the operations of our portfolio companies;
the timing, form and amount of any distributions;
the impact of fluctuations in interest rates on our business;
the valuation of any investments in portfolio companies, particularly those having no liquid trading market; and
our ability to recover unrealized depreciation on investments.
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements made in this report relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this report.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion and other parts of this report contain forward-looking information that involves risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by such forward-looking information due to the factors discussed under “Item 1A—Risk Factors” and under “Forward-Looking Statements” of this Item 7.
Use of Non-GAAP Measures
Throughout this MD&A, we present our financial condition and results of operations in the way we believe will be most meaningful and representative of our business results. Some of the measurements we use are “Non-GAAP financial measures” under SEC rules and regulations. GAAP is the acronym for “generally accepted accounting principles” in the United States. The Non-GAAP financial measures we present may not be comparable to similarly-named measures reported by other companies.
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Overview
We are a leading specialty finance company with a focus on providing financing solutions to high-growth and innovative venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies in a variety of technology, life sciences, and sustainable and renewable technology industries. Our primary business objectives are to increase our net income, net investment income, and net asset value through our investments. We principally invest in debt securities and, to a lesser extent, equity securities, with a particular emphasis on Structured Debt. We expect that our investments will generally range from $25.0 million to $100.0 million, although we may make investments in amounts above or below this range. Through generation of current income from our debt investments and capital appreciation from our warrant and equity investments, we aim to maximize our portfolio total return.
Since inception through December 31, 2023, we have originated approximately $19.0 billion in commitments in over 600 companies. We, our subsidiaries or our affiliates, may also agree to manage certain other funds that invest in debt, equity or provide other financing or services to companies in a variety of industries for which we may earn management or other fees for our services. As of December 31, 2023, Hercules and its Adviser Subsidiary actively manage approximately $4.2 billion of assets.
We are structured as an internally managed, non-diversified, closed-end investment company that has elected to be regulated as a BDC under the 1940 Act. As a BDC, we are required to comply with certain regulatory requirements. For instance, we generally have to invest at least 70% of our total assets in “qualifying assets,” which includes securities of private U.S. companies, cash, cash equivalents, and high-quality debt investments that mature in one year or less. Consistent with requirements under the 1940 Act, we invest primarily in United-States based companies and to a lesser extent in foreign companies. We source our investments through our principal office, which was located in Palo Alto, CA until February 12, 2024 and in San Mateo, CA thereafter and presently, as well as through our additional offices in Boston, MA, New York, NY, Bethesda, MD, San Diego, CA, Denver, CO, and London, United Kingdom.
We have elected to be treated for tax purposes as a RIC under the Code and operate in a manner so as to qualify for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. In order to qualify as a RIC, among other requirements, we must maintain certain income, asset, and distribution requirements. As a RIC, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the income that we distribute (or are deemed to distribute) to our stockholders provided that we maintain our RIC status for a given year. See “Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” for additional information.
Portfolio and Investment Activity
The total fair value of our investment portfolio as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was as follows:
(in millions)Fair Value
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Debt$3,057.3 $2,795.4 
Equity152.2 134.0 
Warrants33.9 30.6 
Investment Funds & Vehicles4.6 3.9 
Total Investment Portfolio$3,248.0 $2,963.9 
Our investments in portfolio companies take a variety of forms, including unfunded contractual commitments and funded investments. Not all debt commitments represent future cash requirements. Unfunded contractual commitments depend upon a portfolio company reaching certain milestones before the debt commitment is available to the portfolio company, which is expected to affect our funding levels. These commitments are subject to the same underwriting and ongoing portfolio maintenance as the on-balance sheet financial instruments that we hold. Debt commitments generally fund over the two succeeding quarters from close. From time to time, unfunded contractual commitments may expire without being drawn and thus do not represent future cash requirements.
Prior to entering into a contractual commitment, we generally issue a non-binding term sheet to a prospective portfolio company. Non-binding term sheets are subject to completion of our due diligence and final investment committee approval process, as well as the negotiation of definitive documentation with the prospective portfolio companies. These non-binding term sheets generally convert to contractual commitments in approximately 90 days from signing and some portion may be assigned or allocated to or directly originated by the Adviser Funds prior to or after closing. Not all non-binding term sheets are expected to close and do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

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Our portfolio activity for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022 was comprised of the following:
(in millions)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Investment Commitments (1)
Investment Commitments Originated by Hercules Capital and the Adviser Funds
$2,174.1 $3,121.4 
Less: Commitments assigned to or directly committed by the Adviser Funds (3)
(595.6)(747.1)
Net Total Investment Commitments
$1,578.5 $2,374.3 
Gross Debt Commitments Originated by Hercules Capital and the Adviser Funds
New portfolio company$1,571.0 $2,612.0 
Existing portfolio company589.5482.3
Sub-total2,160.5 3,094.3 
Less: Debt commitments assigned to or directly committed by the Adviser Funds (3)
(593.7)(742.4)
Net Total Debt Commitments$1,566.8 $2,351.9 
Investment Fundings (2)
Gross Debt Fundings by Hercules Capital and the Adviser Funds
New portfolio company$747.3 $1,068.1 
Existing portfolio company836.5371.5
Sub-total1,583.8 1,439.6 
Less: Debt fundings assigned to or directly funded by the Adviser Funds (3)
(348.8)(325.5)
Net Total Debt Fundings$1,235.0 $1,114.1 
Equity Investments and Investment Funds and Vehicles Fundings by Hercules Capital and the Adviser Funds
New portfolio company$2.0 $5.0 
Existing portfolio company12.820.4
Sub-total$14.8 $25.4 
Less: Equity fundings assigned to or directly funded by the Adviser Funds (3)
(1.9)(4.7)
Net Total Equity and Investment Funds and Vehicle Fundings$12.9 $20.7 
Total Unfunded Contractual Commitments (4)
$335.3 $628.9 
Non-Binding Term Sheets
New portfolio company$645.0 $96.7 
Existing portfolio company31.839.4
Total$676.8 $136.1 
(1)Includes restructured loans and renewals in addition to new commitments.
(2)Funded amounts include borrowings on revolving facilities.
(3)Commitments and fundings include amounts assigned to, directly committed or originated, funded by the Adviser Funds, as applicable.
(4)Amount represents unfunded commitments, including undrawn revolving facilities, which are available at the request of the portfolio company. Amount excludes unfunded commitments which are unavailable due to the borrower having not met certain milestones. This excludes $127.7 million and $173.5 million of unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, to portfolio companies related to loans assigned to or directly committed by the Adviser Funds.
We receive principal payments on our debt investment portfolio based on scheduled amortization of the outstanding balances. In addition, we receive principal repayments for some of our loans prior to their scheduled maturity date. The frequency or volume of these early principal repayments may fluctuate significantly from period to period. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we received approximately $975.9 million in aggregate principal repayments. Approximately $50.8 million of the aggregate principal repayments related to scheduled principal payments and approximately $925.1 million were early principal repayments related to 45 portfolio companies.
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Total portfolio investment activity (inclusive of unearned income and excluding activity related to taxes payable and escrow receivables) as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was as follows:
(in millions)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Beginning Portfolio
$2,963.9 $2,434.5 
New fundings and restructures1,598.6 1,465.0 
Fundings assigned to or directly funded by the Adviser Funds(1)
(350.7)(330.2)
Warrants not related to current period fundings1.3 2.0 
Principal payments received on investments(50.8)(70.1)
Early payoffs(925.1)(373.3)
Proceeds from sale of debt investments(26.7)(84.0)
Proceeds from sale of equity investments(43.2)(17.6)
Accretion of loan discounts and paid-in-kind principal59.5 54.8 
Net acceleration of loan discounts and loan fees due to early payoffs or restructures(14.1)(17.7)
New loan fees(13.5)(13.8)
Gain (loss) on investments due to sales or write offs6.0 (0.3)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)42.8 (85.4)
Ending Portfolio
$3,248.0 $2,963.9 
(1)Funded amounts include $338.6 million and $193.2 million of direct fundings of investments made by the Adviser Funds for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Additionally, we may hold investments in debt, warrant, or equity positions of portfolio companies that have filed a registration statement with the SEC in contemplation of a potential initial public offering. There can be no assurance that companies that have yet to complete their initial public offerings will do so in a timely manner or at all.
The following table presents certain additional selected information regarding our debt investment portfolio as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Number of portfolio companies with debt outstanding125120
Percentage of debt bearing a floating rate95.9 %95.3 %
Percentage of debt bearing a fixed rate4.1 %4.7 %
Weighted average core yield (1)(3)
14.3 %13.8 %
Weighted average effective yield (2)(3)
15.3 %14.7 %
Prime rate at the end of the period8.50 %7.50 %
(1)The core yield is a Non-GAAP financial measure. The core yield on our debt investments excludes the effects of fee and income accelerations attributed to early payoffs, restructuring, loan modifications, other one-time events, and includes income from expired commitments. Please refer to the "Portfolio Yield" section below for further discussion of this measure.
(2)The effective yield on our debt investments includes the effects of fee and income accelerations attributed to early payoffs, restructuring, loan modifications, and other one-time events. The effective yield is derived by dividing total investment income from debt investments by the weighted average earning investment portfolio assets outstanding during the year, excluding non-interest earning assets such as warrants and equity investments. Please refer to the "Portfolio Yield" section below for further discussion of this measure.
(3)The core and effective yields represent the weighted average yields for the three month periods ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Please refer to the "Portfolio Yield" section below for further discussion of these measures.
Macroeconomic Market Developments
Our investment portfolio continues to be focused on industries and sectors that are generally expected to be more resilient to U.S. and global economic cycles. However, the capital markets continue to fluctuate through a cycle of extended market volatility caused by changes in the inflationary environment, interest rate volatility, disruptions in the banking sector, various geopolitical events, lingering impacts from the global pandemic, and also uncertainty as to the probability of, length, and depth of a global recession. While our portfolio is not immune to the impact of macroeconomic events, the impact of inflation has historically not had a significant effect on our results of operations in any of the reporting periods presented herein. Macroeconomic developments are outside our control and could require us to adjust our plan of operations, impact our financial condition, and impact our results of operations or cash flows in the future.
We will continue to monitor macroeconomic market developments and their related impact to our business, including impacts to our portfolio companies, employees, due diligence and underwriting processes, and the broader financial markets. Given the unpredictability and fluidity of the macroeconomic market, neither our management nor our Board is able to predict the full impact of the macroeconomic events on our business, future results of operations, financial
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position, or cash flows. However, we believe we and our portfolio are well positioned to manage the current environment. For additional information, see “Part I — Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this annual report on Form 10-K.
Income from Portfolio
We primarily generate revenue in the form of interest income, from our investments in debt securities, and fee income, which is primarily comprised of commitment and facility fees. Interest income is recognized in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected. Fees generated in connection with our debt investments are recognized over the life of the loan or, in some cases, recognized as earned. In addition, we generate income from dividends on either direct equity investments or equity interests obtained in connection with originating loans, such as options, warrants or conversion rights. We also generate revenue in the form of capital gains, if any, on warrants or other equity securities that we acquire from our portfolio companies.
As of December 31, 2023, our debt investments generally have a term of between two and five years and typically bear interest at a rate ranging from approximately 8% to approximately 18%. In addition to the cash yields received on our debt investments, in some instances our debt investments may also include any of the following: exit fees, balloon payment fees, commitment fees, success fees, PIK provisions or prepayment fees which may be required to be included in income prior to receipt.
Interest on debt securities is generally payable monthly, with amortization of principal typically occurring over the term of the investment. In addition, our loans may include an interest-only period ranging from three to eighteen months or longer. In limited instances in which we choose to defer amortization of the loan for a period of time from the date of the initial investment, the principal amount of the debt securities and any accrued but unpaid interest become due at the maturity date.
Loan origination and commitment fees are generally received in full at the inception of a loan, are deferred and amortized into fee income as an enhancement to the related loan’s yield over the contractual life of the loan. We recognize nonrecurring fees amortized over the remaining term of the loan commencing in the quarter relating to specific loan modifications. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, unamortized capitalized fee income was recorded as follows:
(in millions)As of December 31,
20232022
Offset against debt investment cost$32.9 $43.1 
Deferred obligation contingent on funding or other milestone9.4 10.9 
Total Unamortized Fee Income$42.3 $54.0 
Loan exit fees to be paid at the termination of the loan are accreted into interest income over the contractual life of the loan. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, loan exit fees receivable were recorded as follows:
(in millions)As of December 31,
20232022
Included within debt investment cost$35.9 $32.5 
Deferred receivable related to expired commitments4.3 5.0 
Total Exit Fees Receivable$40.2 $37.5 
Additionally, we have debt investments in our portfolio that earn PIK interest. The PIK interest, computed at the contractual rate specified in each loan agreement, is recorded as interest income and added to the principal balance of the loan on specified capitalization dates. To maintain our status as a RIC, the non-cash PIK income must be distributed to stockholders with other sources of income in the form of dividend distributions even though we have not yet collected any cash from the borrower. Amounts necessary to pay these distributions may come from available cash or the liquidation of certain investments. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we recorded approximately $24.7 million and $20.5 million of PIK income, respectively.
Portfolio Yield
We report our financial results on a GAAP basis. We monitor the performance of our total investment portfolio and total debt portfolio using both GAAP and Non-GAAP financial measures. In particular, we evaluate performance through monitoring the portfolio yields as we consider them to be effective indicators, for both management and
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stockholders, of the financial performance of our total investment portfolio and total debt portfolio. The key metrics that we monitor with respect to yields are as described below:
“Total Yield” - The total yield is derived by dividing GAAP basis “Total investment income” by the weighted average GAAP basis value of investment portfolio assets outstanding during the year, including non-interest earning assets such as warrants and equity investments at amortized cost.
“Effective Yield” on total debt investments - The effective yield is derived by dividing GAAP basis “Total investment income” from debt investments(1) by the weighted average GAAP basis value of debt investment portfolio assets at amortized cost outstanding during the year.
“Core Yield” on total debt investments – The core yield is a Non-GAAP financial measure. The core yield is derived by dividing “Core investment income from debt investments” by the weighted average GAAP basis value of debt investment portfolio assets at amortized cost outstanding during the year. “Core investment income” adjusts GAAP basis 'Total investment income' from debt investments(1) to exclude fee and other income accelerations attributed to early payoffs, deal restructuring, loan modifications, and other one-time income events, but includes income from expired commitments.
Three Months Ended
December 31,
Year ended December 31,
2023202220232022
Total Yield14.6%13.7%14.6%11.9%
Effective Yield (1)
15.3%14.7%15.4%12.7%
Core Yield (Non-GAAP) (1)
14.3%13.8%14.1%12.3%
(1)Yield calculated using Total investment income excluding bank interest, dividend income, and investment income from other assets for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023.
We believe that these measures are useful for our stockholders as it provides further insight into the yield of our portfolio to allow a more meaningful comparison with our competitors. As noted above, Core Yield, a Non-GAAP financial measure, is derived by dividing Core investment income, as defined above, by the weighted average GAAP basis value of debt investment portfolio assets at amortized cost outstanding. The reconciliation to calculate “Core investment income” from GAAP basis 'Total investment income' are as follows:
(in thousands)Three Months Ended
December 31,
Year ended December 31,
2023202220232022
GAAP Basis:
Total investment income$122,603 $100,187 $460,668 $321,688 
Less: fee and income accelerations attributed to early payoffs, restructuring, loan modifications, and other one-time events except income from expired commitments(8,138)(5,630)(38,324)(12,340)
Non-GAAP Basis:
Core investment income$114,465 $94,557 $422,344 $309,348 
Less: bank interest income, dividend income, and other investment income from other assets
(2,269)(296)(5,123)(667)
Core investment income from debt portfolio
$112,196 $94,261 $417,221 $308,681 
We believe the Core Yield is useful for our investors as it provides the yield at which our debt investments are originated and eliminates one-off items that can fluctuate significantly from period to period, thereby allowing for a more meaningful comparison over time.
Although the Core Yield, a Non-GAAP financial measure, is intended to enhance our stockholders’ understanding of our performance, the Core Yield should not be considered in isolation from or as an alternative to the GAAP financial metrics presented. The aforementioned Non-GAAP financial measure may not be comparable to similar Non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.
Another financial measure that we monitor is the total return for our investors, which was approximately 42.0% and (10.1%) during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The total return equals the change in the ending market value over the beginning of the period price per share plus distributions paid per share during the period, divided by the beginning price assuming the distribution is reinvested on the date of the distribution. The total return does not reflect any sales load that may be paid by investors. See “Note 10 – Financial Highlights” included in the notes to our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report.
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Portfolio Composition
Our portfolio companies are primarily privately held companies and public companies which are active in sectors characterized by high margins, high growth rates, consolidation, and product and market extension opportunities.
The following table presents the fair value of the Company’s portfolio by industry sector as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Investments at
Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
Investments at
Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
Drug Discovery & Development$1,257,699 38.7 %$1,150,707 38.8 %
Software764,985 23.6 %798,264 26.9 %
Consumer & Business Services525,973 16.2 %439,384 14.8 %
Healthcare Services, Other300,079 9.3 %198,763 6.7 %
All other industries (1)
399,310 12.2 %376,837 12.8 %
Total$3,248,046 100.0 %$2,963,955 100.0 %
(1)See “Note 4 – Investments” for complete list of industry sectors and corresponding amounts of investments at fair value as a percentage of the total portfolio. As of December 31, 2023 the fair value as a percentage of total portfolio does not exceed 5.0% for any individual industry sector other than “Drug Discovery & Development”, “Software”, “Consumer & Business Services”, or "Healthcare Services, Other".
Industry and sector concentrations vary as new loans are recorded and loans are paid off. Loan revenue, consisting of interest, fees, and recognition of gains on equity and warrants or other equity interests, can fluctuate materially when a loan is paid off or a warrant or equity interest is sold. Revenue recognition in any given year can be highly concentrated in several portfolio companies.
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, our ten largest portfolio companies represented approximately 29.7% and 29.0% of the total fair value of our investments in portfolio companies, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had five and eight investments that represented 5% or more of our net assets, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had five and four equity investments representing approximately 56.5% and 39.8%, respectively, of the total fair value of our equity investments, and each represented 5% or more of the total fair value of our equity investments. No single portfolio investment represented more than 10% of the fair value of our total investments as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 95.9% and 95.3%, of the debt investment portfolio was priced at floating interest rates or floating interest rates with a Prime, LIBOR, SOFR, Eurodollar, or BSBY-based interest rate floor, respectively. Note that as of December 31, 2023, no investments were priced using LIBOR based interest rates. Changes in interest rates, including Prime, SOFR, Eurodollar, or BSBY rates, may affect the interest income and the value of our investment portfolio for portfolio investments with floating rates.
Our investments in Structured Debt generally have detachable equity enhancement features in the form of warrants or other equity securities designed to provide us with an opportunity for capital appreciation. These features are treated as OID and are accreted into interest income over the term of the loan as a yield enhancement. Our warrant coverage generally ranges from 3% to 20% of the principal amount invested in a portfolio company, with a strike price generally equal to the most recent equity financing round. As of December 31, 2023, we held warrants in 103 portfolio companies, with a fair value of approximately $33.9 million. The fair value of our warrant portfolio increased by approximately $3.3 million, as compared to a fair value of $30.6 million as of December 31, 2022, primarily related to the decrease in fair value of the portfolio companies.
Our existing warrant holdings would require us to invest approximately $61.7 million to exercise such warrants as of December 31, 2023. Warrants may appreciate or depreciate in value depending largely upon the underlying portfolio company’s performance and overall market conditions. As attractive investment opportunities arise, we may exercise certain of our warrants to purchase stock, and could ultimately monetize our investments. Of the warrants that we have monetized since inception, we have realized multiples in the range of approximately 1.02x to 42.71x based on the historical rate of return on our investments. We may also experience losses from our warrant portfolio in the event that warrants are terminated or expire unexercised.
Portfolio Grading
We use an investment grading system, which grades each debt investment on a scale of 1 to 5 to characterize and monitor our expected level of risk on the debt investments in our portfolio with 1 being the highest quality. The following
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table shows the distribution of our outstanding debt investments on the 1 to 5 investment grading scale at fair value as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Investment GradingNumber of CompaniesDebt Investments
at Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
Number of CompaniesDebt Investments
at Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
120$626,770 20.5 %20$549,135 19.6 %
2521,286,195 42.1 %551,171,632 41.9 %
3471,040,629 34.0 %401,015,199 36.3 %
45103,705 3.4 %457,807 2.1 %
51— 0.0 %11,671 0.1 %
125$3,057,299 100.0 %120$2,795,444 100.0 %
As of December 31, 2023, our debt investments had a weighted average investment grading of 2.24 on a cost basis, as compared to 2.23 as of December 31, 2022. Changes in a portfolio company's investment grading may be a result of changes in portfolio company's performance and/or timing of expected liquidity events. For instance, we may downgrade a portfolio company if it is not meeting our financing criteria or are underperforming relative to their respective business plans. We may also downgrade a portfolio company as it approaches a point in time when it will require additional equity capital to continue operations. Conversely, we may upgrade a portfolio company's investment grading when it is exceeding our financial performance expectations and/or is expected to mature/repay in full due to a liquidity event. The overall downgrade of the portfolio's weighted average investment grading is reflective of the impact of the current macroeconomic environment.
As macroeconomic events evolve and cause disruption in the capital markets and to businesses, we are continuing to monitor and work with the management teams and stakeholders of our portfolio companies to navigate the significant market, operational, and economic challenges created by these events. This includes remaining proactive in our assessments of credit performance to manage potential risks across our investment portfolio.
Non-accrual Investments
The following table shows the amortized cost of our performing and non-accrual investments as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in millions)
As of December 31,
 20232022
Amortized Cost
Percentage of Total Portfolio at Amortized Cost
Amortized Cost
Percentage of Total Portfolio at Amortized Cost
Performing$3,216 99.0 %$2,988 99.4 %
Non-accrual31 1.0 %18 0.6 %
Total Investments$3,247 100.0 %$3,006 100.0 %
Debt investments are placed on non-accrual status when it is probable that principal, interest or fees will not be collected according to contractual terms. When a debt investment is placed on non-accrual status, we cease to recognize interest and fee income until the portfolio company has paid all principal and interest due or demonstrated the ability to repay our current and future contractual obligations. We may not apply the non-accrual status to a loan where the investment has sufficient collateral value to collect all of the contractual amount due and is in the process of collection. Interest collected on non-accrual investments are generally applied to principal.
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Results of Operations
Our condensed consolidated operating results for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, were as follows:
(in thousands, except per share data)Year Ended December 31,
 20232022
Total investment income$460,668 $321,688 
Total expenses156,631 133,620 
Net investment income304,037 188,068 
Net realized gain (loss):8,437 (924)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation):25,010 (85,063)
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations$337,484 $102,081 
Net investment income before gains and losses per common share:
Basic$2.09 $1.48 
Change in net assets resulting from operations per common share:
Basic$2.32 $0.80 
Diluted$2.31 $0.79 
Our operating results can vary substantially from period to period due to various factors, including changes in the level of investments held, changes in our investment yields, recognition of realized gains and losses, and changes in net unrealized appreciation and depreciation, among other factors. As a result, comparison of the net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations may not be meaningful.
Investment Income
Total investment income for the year ended December 31, 2023 was approximately $460.7 million as compared to approximately $321.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Investment income is primarily composed of interest income earned on our debt investments and fee income from commitments, facilities, and other loan related fees.
Interest and Dividend Income
The following table summarizes the components of interest and dividend income for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31,
20232022
Contractual interest income$351,883 $249,375 
Exit fee interest income45,747 32,063 
PIK interest income24,670 20,455 
Dividend income
1,400— 
Other investment income (1)
10,725 5,365 
Total interest and dividend income
$434,425 $307,258 
(1)Other investment income includes OID interest income and interest recorded on other assets.
Interest and dividend income for the year ended December 31, 2023 totaled approximately $434.4 million as compared to approximately $307.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in interest and dividend income for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 is primarily attributable to an increase in the weighted average principal and an increase in core yield due to increases in the benchmark rates of our debt investment portfolio outstanding between the periods.
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Interest income is comprised of recurring interest income from the contractual servicing of loans and non-recurring interest income that is related to the acceleration of income due to early loan repayments and other one-time events during the period.
The following table summarizes recurring and non-recurring interest income for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31,
 20232022
Recurring interest income$411,814 $300,013 
Non-recurring interest income22,611 7,245 
Total interest income$434,425 $307,258 
A portion of interest income is earned in the form of PIK interest. The following table shows the PIK related activity for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, at cost:
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
 20232022
Beginning PIK interest receivable balance$25,713 $11,801 
PIK interest income during the period24,670 20,455 
PIK capitalized as principal or converted to equity or other assets
(3,317)— 
Payments received from PIK loans(9,036)(6,176)
Realized gain (loss)— (367)
Ending PIK interest receivable balance$38,030 $25,713 
The increase in PIK interest income during the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 is due to an increase in the weighted average principal outstanding for debt investments which earn PIK interest. Payments on PIK loans are normally received only in the event of payoffs. The PIK receivable for December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was approximately 1% and less than 1% of total debt investments, respectively.
Fee Income
Fee income from commitment, facility and loan related fees for the year ended December 31, 2023 totaled approximately $26.3 million as compared to approximately $14.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in fee income for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily due to an increase in the acceleration of unamortized fees, and one-time fees as a result of a higher volume of early repayments on our loan portfolio.
Fee income is comprised of recurring fee income from commitment, facility, and loan related fees, fee income due to expired commitments, and acceleration of fee income due to early loan repayments during the period. The following table summarizes the components of fee income for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31,
20232022
Recurring fee income$8,835 $7,834 
Fee income - expired commitments
1,695 1,502 
Accelerated fee income - early repayments15,713 5,094 
Total fee income$26,243 $14,430 
In certain investment transactions, we may earn income from advisory services; however, we had no income from advisory services in the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses are comprised of interest and fees on our debt borrowings, general and administrative expenses, taxes, and employee compensation and benefits. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, our net operating expenses totaled approximately $156.6 million and $133.6 million, respectively.
Interest and Fees on our Debt
Interest and fees on our debt totaled approximately $77.5 million and $62.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Interest and fee expense during the year ended December 31, 2023, as
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compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, increased due to higher weighted average borrowing costs and debt outstanding.
We had a weighted average cost of debt of approximately 4.8% and 4.2% for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The weighted average cost of debt includes interest and fees on our debt, but excludes the impact of fee accelerations due to the extinguishment of debt. The increase in the weighted average cost of debt during 2023 as compared to 2022, was attributable to increased usage of our Credit Facilities which are floating rate instruments and thus, have a higher cost of debt.
General and Administrative Expenses and Tax Expenses
General and administrative expenses include legal fees, consulting fees, accounting fees, printer fees, insurance premiums, rent, expenses associated with the workout of underperforming investments and various other expenses. Our general and administrative expenses increased to $18.7 million from $16.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily attributable to an increase in costs of office and travel expenses and certain professional fees. Tax expenses primarily relate to excise tax accruals. Tax expenses were $6.1 million and $5.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
Employee Compensation
Employee compensation and benefits totaled approximately $50.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to approximately $43.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase between comparative periods was primarily due to increased headcount and variable compensation during the year ended December 31, 2023 .
Employee stock-based compensation totaled approximately $13.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to approximately $13.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease between comparative periods was primarily attributable to a decrease in compensation expense related to Performance Awards which vested in 2022.
Expenses allocated to the Adviser Subsidiary
The shared services agreement with the Adviser Subsidiary (the “Sharing Agreement”), provides the Adviser Subsidiary access to our human capital resources, including deal professionals, finance, and administrative functions, as well as other resources including infrastructure assets such as office space and technology. Under the terms of the Sharing Agreement, we allocate the related expenses of shared services to the Adviser Subsidiary. Our total net operating expenses for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, are net of expenses allocated to the Adviser Subsidiary of $9.1 million and $8.3 million, respectively. The increase in expenses allocated to the Adviser Subsidiary for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 2022 is due to higher average assets under management and higher allocations to the Adviser Funds. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively, was due from the Adviser Subsidiary.
Net Realized Gains and Losses and Net Change in Unrealized Appreciation and Depreciation
Realized gains or losses on investments are measured by the difference between the net proceeds from the repayment or sale and the cost basis of an investment without regard to unrealized appreciation or depreciation previously recognized, and includes investments written off during the period, net of recoveries. Realized loss on debt extinguishment relates to additional fees, costs, and accelerated recognition of remaining debt issuance costs, which are recognized in the event debt is extinguished before its stated maturity. The net change in unrealized appreciation or depreciation on investments primarily reflects the change in portfolio investment values during the reporting period, including the reversal of previously recorded unrealized appreciation or depreciation when gains or losses are realized.
A summary of net realized gains and losses for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows:
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
 20232022
Realized gains$29,920 $12,264 
Realized losses(21,493)(11,798)
Realized foreign exchange gains (losses)10 2,296 
Realized loss on extinguishment of debt
— (3,686)
Net realized gains (losses)$8,437 $(924)
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recognized a net realized gain of $8.4 million. The net realized gains were generated from gross realized gains of $29.9 million primarily from the sale of our equity and warrant positions
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in Palantir Technologies, Provention Bio, Inc., TransMedics Group, Inc., Sprinklr, Inc., DoorDash, Inc., and Zeta Global Corp. Our gains were offset by gross realized losses of $21.5 million from the write-off of equity and warrant investments in Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Fungible, Inc. which had no value after the respective portfolio companies were acquired, the write-off of our equity investments in Gynesonics, Inc., Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tricida, Inc., Gelesis, Inc. and Flowonix Medical Inc. as a result of capital markets transactions or events. Additionally, we realized a net $6.3 million loss from write-off of our debt investments relating to Codiak Biosciences, Inc. and Esme Learning Solutions, Inc, net of recovered collections of $17.5 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized net realized losses of $0.9 million. The net realized losses included gross realized gains of approximately $12.3 million primarily from the sale of our equity position in Black Crow AI, Inc and Peerless Network Holdings, Inc. Our gains were offset by gross realized losses of $11.8 million, primarily from the write-off of our investments in Regent Education, Medrobotics Corporation, Genocea Biosciences, Inc, Kaleido Biosciences, Inc., and Pineapple Energy LLC during the year. Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2022, we repaid £19.4 million of principal borrowings under our SMBC Facility and realized a $2.3 million foreign exchange gain. Moreover, as part of the retirement of the 2022 Notes in Q1 2022, we incurred a $3.7 million loss on debt extinguishment. The realized loss on debt extinguishment was related to fees, accrued interest, and the acceleration of debt issuance costs amortization, and is included as a realized loss within the “Loss on debt extinguishment” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The net change in unrealized appreciation and depreciation of our investments is derived from the changes in fair value of each investment determined in good faith by our Valuation Committee and approved by the Board. The following table summarizes the change in net unrealized appreciation or depreciation of investments for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
 20232022
Gross unrealized appreciation on portfolio investments$198,322 $106,130 
Gross unrealized depreciation on portfolio investments(145,232)(190,450)
Reversal of prior period net changes in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) upon a realization event
(11,929)2,408
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on portfolio investments
41,161(81,912)
Other net changes in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) (1)
(16,151)(3,151)
Total net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on investments
$25,010 $(85,063)
(1)Includes the net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) related to derivative instruments.
During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we recorded approximately $25.0 million of net unrealized appreciation and $85.1 million of net unrealized depreciation on our investments. The decrease in unrealized depreciation was primarily related to appreciation of our equity, warrants, and investment funds investments during the year ended December 31, 2023. The following table summarizes the key drivers of change in net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
(in thousands)
Year Ended December 31,
20232022
 
Debt
Equity, Warrants
and
Investment Funds(1)
Total
Debt
Equity, Warrants
and
Investment Funds(1)
Total
Valuation appreciation (depreciation)$26,689 26,401 $53,090 $(10,539)$(73,781)$(84,320)
Reversal of prior period net changes in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) upon a realization event
(6,556)(5,373)(11,929)999 1,409 2,408 
Other net changes in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)
(15,612)(539)(16,151)(2,586)(565)(3,151)
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)
$4,521 $20,489 $25,010 $(12,126)$(72,937)$(85,063)
(1)Includes the net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) related to derivative instruments.
Income and Excise Taxes
We account for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740 Income Taxes, under which income taxes are provided for amounts currently payable and for amounts deferred based upon the estimated future tax
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effects of differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities given the provisions of the enacted tax law. Valuation allowances may be used to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount likely to be realized. We intend to timely distribute to our stockholders substantially all of our annual taxable income for each year, except that we may retain certain net capital gains for reinvestment and, depending upon the level of taxable income earned in a year, we may choose to carry forward taxable income for distribution in the following year and pay any applicable U.S. federal excise tax.
Because federal income tax regulations differ from U.S. GAAP, distributions in accordance with tax regulations may differ from net investment income and realized gains recognized for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their appropriate tax character. Permanent differences may also result from the classification of certain items, such as the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain or loss are recognized at some time in the future.
The Adviser Subsidiary
Hercules Capital Management LLC through the Adviser Subsidiary has entered into investment management agreements (the “IMAs”) with the Adviser Funds. Pursuant to the IMAs, the Adviser Subsidiary provides investment advisory and management services to the Adviser Funds in exchange for an asset-based fee. In addition, Hercules Capital Management LLC through its control of the GP Interests for each of the Adviser Funds may receive certain incentive fee allocations. The Adviser Funds are privately offered investment funds exempt from registration under the 1940 Act that invest in debt and equity investments in venture or institutionally backed technology related and life sciences companies.
Hercules Adviser LLC, the Adviser Subsidiary, receives fee income for the services provided to the Adviser Funds. The Adviser Subsidiary’s contribution to our net investment income is derived from dividend income declared by the Adviser Subsidiary and interest income earned on loans to the Adviser Subsidiary. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, $1.4 million and no dividends were declared by the Adviser Subsidiary, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021
A comparison of the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 can be found in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 within “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Financial Condition, Liquidity, Capital Resources and Obligations
Our liquidity and capital resources are derived from our debt borrowings and cash flows from operations, including investment sales and repayments, and income earned. Our primary use of funds from operations includes investments in portfolio companies and payments of fees and other operating expenses we incur. We have used, and expect to continue to use, our debt and the proceeds from the turnover of our portfolio and from public and private offerings of securities to finance our investment objectives. We may also raise additional equity or debt capital through registered offerings off a shelf registration, At-the-Market (“ATM”), and private offerings of securities, by securitizing a portion of our investments, or by borrowing from the SBA through our SBIC subsidiary. This “Financial Condition, Liquidity, Capital Resources and Obligations” section should be read in conjunction with the “Macroeconomic Market Developments” section above.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we principally funded our operations from (i) cash receipts from interest, dividend, and fee income from our investment portfolio, (ii) cash proceeds from the realization of portfolio investments through the repayments of debt investments and the sale of debt and equity investments, (iii) debt borrowings on our credit facilities, and (iv) equity offerings.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, our operating activities provided $68.3 million of cash and cash equivalents, compared to $424.8 million used during the year ended December 31, 2022. The $493.1 million decrease in cash used in operating activities was primarily due to a $472.0 million increase in principal, fee repayments, and proceeds received from the sale of debt investments, $28.0 million increase in proceeds received from the sale of equity and warrant investments.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, our investing activities used approximately $887 thousand of cash, compared to $114 thousand used during the year ended December 31, 2022. The $773 thousand increase in cash used in investing activities was due to an increase in purchases of furniture, fixtures, and other capital equipment.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, our financing activities provided $22.7 million of cash, compared to $314.5 million provided during the year ended December 31, 2022. The $291.8 million decrease in cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to decreased net borrowings of $363.6 million and an increase in dividend
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distributions, which increased $28.6 million to $273.7 million total dividend distributions made during the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to $245.1 million dividend distributions during the year ended December 31, 2022. Partially offsetting these movements was a $108.6 million increase in equity issued (net of offering costs) through our overnight offering and ATM program, which for the year ended December 31, 2023 approximated $338.2 million compared to $229.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.
As of December 31, 2023, net assets totaled $1.8 billion, with a NAV per share of $11.43. We intend to continue to operate in order to generate cash flows from operations, including income earned from investments in our portfolio companies. Our primary use of funds will be investments in portfolio companies and cash distributions to holders of our common stock.
Available liquidity and capital resources as of December 31, 2023
As of December 31, 2023, we had $743.9 million in available liquidity, including $98.9 million in cash, cash equivalents, and available borrowing capacity of approximately $131.0 million under the SMBC Facility, $175.0 million under our SMBC letter of credit facility, and $339.0 million under the MUFG Bank Facility. Additional liquidity is available through accordion provisions within the terms of our Credit Facilities, through which the available borrowing capacity can be increased by an aggregate $475.0 million, subject to certain conditions. Further, the SMBC letter of credit facility may also be increased by an additional $225.0 million (up to $400.0 million), subject to certain conditions. Total amounts outstanding as of December 31, 2023, were $155.0 million outstanding under our Credit Facilities, which are floating interest rate obligations, and the remaining $1,415.0 million of term debt outstanding, which are all fixed interest rate debt obligations.
Not considered above, as of December 31, 2023, we held $17.1 million of cash classified as restricted cash. Our restricted cash relates to amounts that are held as collateral securing certain of our financing transactions, including collections of interest and principal payments on assets that are securitized related to the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes. Based on current characteristics of the securitized debt investment portfolios, the restricted funds may be used to pay monthly interest and principal on the securitized debt with any excess distributed to us or available for our general operations. Refer to “Note 5 – Debt” included in the notes to our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report for additional discussion of our debt obligations.
The 1940 Act permits BDCs to incur borrowings, issue debt securities, or issue preferred stock unless immediately after the borrowings or issuance the ratio of total assets (less total liabilities other than indebtedness) to total indebtedness plus preferred stock is less than 200% (or 150% if certain requirements are met). On September 4, 2018 and December 6, 2018, our Board, including a “required majority” (as such term is defined in Section 57(o) of the 1940 Act) and our stockholders, respectively, approved the application to us of the 150% minimum asset coverage ratio set forth in Section 61(a)(2) of the 1940 Act. As of December 31, 2023, our asset coverage ratio under our regulatory requirements as a BDC was 228.7% excluding our SBA debentures. Our exemptive order from the SEC allows us to exclude all SBA leverage from our asset coverage ratio. As a result of the SEC exemptive order, our ratio of total assets on a consolidated basis to outstanding indebtedness may be less than 150%, which while providing increased investment flexibility, also may increase our exposure to risks associated with leverage. Total asset coverage when including our SBA debentures was 214.7% as of December 31, 2023.
The 1940 Act prohibits us from selling shares of our common stock at a price below the current NAV per share of such stock, with certain exceptions. One such exception is prior stockholder approval of issuances below NAV provided that our Board makes certain determinations. On July 20, 2023, we obtained authorization from our stockholders to issue common stock at a price below our then-current NAV per share for a twelve-month period expiring on July 20, 2024, subject to certain conditions. For a further discussion, refer to Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors - Stockholders may incur dilution if we sell shares of our common stock in one or more offerings at prices below the then-current NAV per share of our common stock or issue securities to subscribe to, convert to or purchase shares of our common stock.” appearing elsewhere in this report.
As detailed above, our diverse and well-structured balance sheet is designed to provide a long-term focused and sustainable investment platform. Currently, we believe we have ample liquidity to support our near-term capital requirements. As the impact of the macro-economic events, potential global recession, acts of terrorism, war, geopolitical events, and the related disruption to markets and business continues to impact the economy, we will continue to evaluate our overall liquidity position and take proactive steps to maintain the appropriate liquidity position based upon the current circumstances.
Equity Offerings
We may from time-to-time issue and sell shares of our common stock through public or ATM offerings. We currently sell shares through our equity distribution agreement with JMP Securities LLC (“JMP”) and Jefferies LLC
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(“Jefferies”) (the “2023 Equity Distribution Agreement”) entered into on May 5, 2023. The 2023 Equity Distribution Agreement provides that we may offer and sell up to 25.0 million shares of our common stock from time to time through JMP or Jefferies, as our sales agents. Sales of our common stock, if any, may be made in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be “at the market,” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act, including sales made directly on the NYSE or similar securities exchange or sales made to or through a market maker other than on an exchange, at prices related to the prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The 2023 Equity Distribution Agreement replaced the ATM equity distribution agreement between us, JMP and Jefferies executed on May 9, 2022.Additionally, on August 7, 2023 we entered into an underwriting agreement with Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, UBS Securities, and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC as joint book-running managers to sell 6.5 million shares of our common stock through an upsized public offering. We generally use net proceeds from these offerings to make investments, to repurchase or pay down liabilities and for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 17.3 million shares remain available for issuance and sale under the current equity distribution agreement.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we issued and sold 22.7 million shares of our common stock receiving total accumulated net proceeds of approximately $338.2 million. This is an increase from the year ended December 31, 2022, where we issued and sold 14.6 million shares of our common stock receiving total accumulated net proceeds of approximately $229.7 million.
Stock Repurchase
We may from time to time seek to retire or repurchase our common stock through cash purchases, as well as retire, cancel or purchase our outstanding debt through cash purchases and/or exchanges, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual and regulatory restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material. We had no common stock repurchases during the years ended 2021, 2022, or 2023.
Commitments and Obligations
Our significant cash requirements generally relate to our debt obligations. As of December 31, 2023, we had $1,570.0 million of debt outstanding, $105.0 million due within the next year, $689.0 million being due within 1 to 3 years, and $776.0 million being due beyond 3 years.
In addition to our debt obligations, in the normal course of business, we are party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. These consist primarily of unfunded contractual commitments to extend credit, in the form of loans, to our portfolio companies. Unfunded contractual commitments to provide funds to portfolio companies are not reflected on our balance sheet.
Our unfunded contractual commitments may be significant from time to time. A portion of these unfunded contractual commitments are dependent upon the portfolio company reaching certain milestones before the debt commitment becomes available. Furthermore, our credit agreements contain customary lending provisions which allow us relief from funding obligations for previously made unfunded commitments in instances where the underlying company experiences materially adverse events that affect the financial condition or business outlook for the company. These commitments will be subject to the same underwriting and ongoing portfolio maintenance as are the on-balance sheet financial instruments that we hold. Since these commitments may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amount does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. As such, our disclosure of unfunded contractual commitments includes only those which are available at the request of the portfolio company and unencumbered by milestones. Refer to “Note 11 – Commitments and Contingencies” included in the notes to our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report for additional discussion of our unfunded commitments.
As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $335.3 million of available unfunded commitments, including undrawn revolving facilities, which were available at the request of the portfolio company and unencumbered by future or unachieved milestones, as well as uncalled capital commitments to make investments in private equity funds. In order to draw a portion of the Company's available unfunded commitments, a portfolio company must submit to the Company a formal funding request that complies with the applicable advance notice and other operational requirements. The available unfunded commitments excludes unfunded commitments (i) for which, with respect to a portfolio company's agreement, a milestone was achieved after the last day on which the portfolio company could have requested a drawdown funding to be completed within the reporting period; and (ii) $127.7 million of unfunded commitments which represent the portion of portfolio company commitments assigned to or directly committed by the Adviser Funds.
Additionally, we had approximately $676.8 million of non-binding term sheets outstanding to seven new companies and two existing companies, which generally convert to contractual commitments within approximately 90 days of signing. Non-binding outstanding term sheets are subject to completion of our due diligence and final investment
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committee approval process, as well as the negotiation of definitive documentation with the prospective portfolio companies. Not all non-binding term sheets are expected to close and do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.
The fair value of our unfunded commitments is considered to be immaterial as the yield determined at the time of underwriting is expected to be materially consistent with the yield upon funding, given that interest rates are generally pegged to market indices and given the existence of milestones, conditions and/or obligations embedded in the borrowing agreements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and revenues and expenses during the period reported. On an ongoing basis, our management evaluates its estimates and assumptions, which are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Changes in our estimates and assumptions could materially impact our results of operations and financial condition.
For a description of our critical accounting policies, refer to “Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” included in the notes to our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report. We consider the most significant accounting policies to be those related to our Valuation of Investments, Fair Valuation Measurements, Income Recognition, and Income Taxes. The valuation of investments is our most significant critical estimate. The most significant input to this estimate is the yield interest rate, which includes the hypothetical market yield plus premium or discount adjustment, used in determining the fair value of our debt investments. The following table shows the approximate increase (decrease) to the fair value of our debt investments from hypothetical change to the yield interest rates used for each valuation, assuming no other changes:
(in thousands)
Change in unrealized
appreciation (depreciation)
Basis Point Change
(100)$37,485 
(50)$20,761 
50$(20,945)
100$(42,223)
For a further discussion and disclosure of key inputs and considerations related to this estimate, refer to "Note 3 -Fair Value of Financial Instruments" included in the notes.
Item 7A.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
We are subject to financial market risks, including changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk is defined as the sensitivity of our current and future earnings to interest rate volatility, variability of spread relationships, the difference in re-pricing intervals between our assets and liabilities and the effect that interest rates may have on our cash flows. Changes in interest rates may affect both our cost of funding and our interest income from portfolio investments, cash and cash equivalents and idle fund investments. Our investment income will be affected by changes in various interest rates, including Prime, SOFR, and BSBY rates, to the extent our debt investments include variable interest rates. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 95.9% of the loans in our portfolio had variable rates based on floating Prime, SOFR, or BSBY rates with a floor. The majority of our loans are linked to the Prime rate and comprise 69.2% of the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2023. Our debt borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest at a floating rate, all other outstanding debt borrowings bear interest at a fixed rate. Changes in interest rates can also affect, among other things, our ability to acquire and originate loans and securities and the value of our investment portfolio.
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Based on our Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2023, the following table shows the approximate annualized increase (decrease) in components of net assets resulting from operations of hypothetical base rate changes in interest rates, assuming no changes in our investments and debt.
(in thousands)
Basis Point Change
Interest Income
Interest Expense
Net Income
EPS
(200)$(41,785)$(4,207)$(37,578)$(0.25)
(100)$(22,230)$(2,103)$(20,127)$(0.13)
(75)$(17,271)$(1,578)$(15,693)$(0.10)
(50)$(11,759)$(1,052)$(10,707)$(0.07)
(25)$(6,075)$(526)$(5,549)$(0.04)
25$6,408$526$5,882$0.04
50$12,815$1,052$11,763$0.08
75$19,183$1,578$17,605$0.12
We generally do not engage in hedging activities. From time-to-time, we may hedge against interest rate fluctuations and foreign currency by using standard hedging instruments such as futures, options, and forward contracts. While hedging activities may insulate us against changes in interest rates and foreign currency, they may also limit our ability to participate in the benefits of lower interest rates with respect to our borrowed funds and higher interest rates with respect to our portfolio of investments. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we have entered into a foreign currency forward to limit our foreign currency exposure with respect to the British Pound. For additional information refer to “Note 4 – Investments”, included in the notes to our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this report.
Although we believe that the foregoing analysis is indicative of our sensitivity to interest rate changes, it does not adjust for potential changes in the credit market, credit quality, size and composition of the assets in our portfolio. It also does not adjust for other business developments, including our debt borrowings and use of our Credit Facilities that could affect the net increase in net assets resulting from operations, or net income. It also does not assume any repayments from our portfolio companies. Accordingly, no assurances can be given that actual results would not differ materially from the statement above.
Because we currently borrow, and plan to borrow in the future, money to make investments, our net investment income is dependent upon the difference between the rate at which we borrow funds and the rate at which we invest the funds borrowed. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that a significant change in market interest rates will not have a material adverse effect on our net investment income. In periods of rising interest rates, our cost of funds would increase, which could reduce our net investment income if there is not a corresponding increase in interest income generated by variable rate assets in our investment portfolio. For additional information regarding the interest rate associated with each of our debt borrowings, refer to “Note 5 – Debt” included in the notes to our consolidated financial statements in this report on Form 10-K.
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Item 8.     Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Hercules Capital, Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of assets and liabilities, including the consolidated schedules of investments, of Hercules Capital, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, including the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations, changes in its net assets and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
We have also previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities, including the consolidated schedules of investments, of Hercules Capital, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in net assets and cash flows for each of the years ended December 31, 2014 through 2020 (none of which are presented herein), and we expressed unqualified opinions on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the Senior Securities table of Hercules Capital, Inc. and its subsidiaries for each of the ten years in the period ended December 31, 2023, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated financial statements from which it has been derived.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 by correspondence with the custodians, agent banks and portfolio company investees; when replies were not received, we performed other auditing procedures. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
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generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Valuation of Investments - Level 3 Investments in Senior Secured Debt, Unsecured Debt, Preferred Stock, Common Stock
As described in Notes 2 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements, approximately 97% of the Company’s $3,248 million total investments in securities as of December 31, 2023 represents investments in level 3 senior secured debt, unsecured debt, preferred stock, and common stock whose fair value, as disclosed by management, is determined in good faith by the Board of Directors. Management applied significant judgment in determining the fair value of these level 3 investments, which involved the use of significant unobservable inputs related to i) hypothetical market yields, premiums/(discounts) and the probability weighting of alternative outcomes for debt securities; and ii) the revenue and/or EBITDA multiples, market equity adjustments, discounts for lack of marketability, tangible book value multiple, and cash flow discount rate for equity securities.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the valuation of level 3 investments in senior secured debt, unsecured debt, preferred stock and common stock, is a critical audit matter are the significant judgment by management to determine the fair value of these level 3 investments, including the use of the hypothetical market yields, premiums/(discounts), the probability weighting of alternative outcomes, discounts for lack of marketability, tangible book value multiple and cash flow discount rate, which in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing audit procedures and evaluating the audit evidence obtained relating to the significant unobservable inputs. The audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in performing procedures and evaluating the audit evidence obtained.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the valuation of level 3 investments in senior secured debt, unsecured debt, preferred stock, and common stock, including controls over the Company’s methods and significant unobservable inputs. These procedures also included, among others, (i) testing the completeness and accuracy of data provided by management, evaluating the appropriateness of management’s methods, and evaluating the reasonableness of significant unobservable inputs used in those methods related to the hypothetical market yields, premiums/(discounts), and the probability weighting of alternative outcomes for debt securities; and discounts for lack of marketability, tangible book value multiple, and cash flow discount rate for equity securities, and (ii) the involvement of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in developing an independent fair value range for a sample of securities and comparison of management’s estimate to the independently developed fair value range. Developing the independent fair value range involved testing the completeness and accuracy of data provided by management and developing independent significant unobservable inputs in order to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s fair value estimate of these certain level 3 investments.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Francisco, California
February 15, 2024
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2010.
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HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
(in thousands, except per share data)
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Assets
Investments, at fair value:
Non-control/Non-affiliate investments (cost of $3,143,851 and $2,918,425, respectively)
$3,133,042 $2,887,497 
Control investments (cost of $103,182 and $87,271, respectively)
115,004 76,458 
Total investments, at fair value (cost of $3,247,033 and $3,005,696, respectively; fair value amounts related to a VIE $254,868 and $236,585, respectively)
3,248,046 2,963,955 
Cash and cash equivalents98,899 15,797 
Restricted cash (amounts related to a VIE $17,114 and $10,079, respectively)
17,114 10,079 
Interest receivable32,741 31,682 
Right of use asset4,787 4,986 
Other assets15,339 2,356 
Total assets$3,416,926 $3,028,855 
Liabilities
Debt (net of debt issuance costs - Note 5; amounts related to a VIE $148,544 and $147,957, respectively)
$1,554,869 $1,574,351 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities54,156 47,539 
Operating lease liability5,195 5,506 
Total liabilities$1,614,220 $1,627,396 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
Net assets consist of:
Common stock, par value$158 $134 
Capital in excess of par value1,662,535 1,341,416 
Total distributable earnings140,013 59,909 
Total net assets$1,802,706 $1,401,459 
Total liabilities and net assets$3,416,926 $3,028,855 
Shares of common stock outstanding ($0.001 par value and 200,000 authorized)
157,758133,045
Net asset value per share$11.43 $10.53 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)For the Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Investment income:
Interest and dividend income:
Non-control/Non-affiliate investments$429,783 $301,433 $249,341 
Control investments4,642 4,621 4,009 
Affiliate investments 1,204 10 
Total interest and dividend income434,425 307,258 253,360 
Fee income:
Non-control/Non-affiliate investments26,148 14,362 27,557 
Control investments95 68 59 
Total fee income26,243 14,430 27,616 
Total investment income460,668 321,688 280,976 
Operating expenses:
Interest67,620 54,749 54,447 
Loan fees9,845 7,598 8,657 
General and administrative18,696 16,948 16,111 
Tax expenses6,071 5,416 7,928 
Employee compensation:
Compensation and benefits50,258 43,852 36,970 
Stock-based compensation13,242 13,378 11,930 
Total employee compensation63,500 57,230 48,900 
Total gross operating expenses165,732 141,941 136,043 
Expenses allocated to the Adviser Subsidiary(9,101)(8,321)(5,035)
Total net operating expenses156,631 133,620 131,008 
Net investment income304,037 188,068 149,968 
Net realized gain (loss) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation):
Net realized gain (loss):
Non-control/Non-affiliate investments8,437 1,004 87,438 
Affiliate investments 1,758 (62,143)
Loss on extinguishment of debt (3,686)(4,419)
Total net realized gain (loss)8,437 (924)20,876 
Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation):
Non-control/Non-affiliate investments2,376 (88,874)(57,818)
Control investments22,634 (278)(2,677)
Affiliate investments 4,089 63,806 
Total net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)25,010 (85,063)3,311 
Total net realized gain (loss) and net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation)33,447 (85,987)24,187 
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations$337,484 $102,081 $174,155 
Net investment income before gains and losses per common share:
Basic$2.09 $1.48 $1.29 
Change in net assets resulting from operations per common share:
Basic$2.32 $0.80 $1.50 
Diluted$2.31 $0.79 $1.49 
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic144,091125,189114,742
Diluted144,826126,659115,955
Distributions paid per common share:
Basic$1.90 $1.97 $1.55 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN NET ASSETS
(amounts in thousands)
Common StockCapital in
excess
of par value
Distributable
Earnings
Net Assets
Shares
Par Value
Balance as of December 31, 2020114,726$115 $1,158,198 $133,391 $1,291,704 
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations— — 174,155 174,155 
Public offering, net of offering expenses6391 10,619 — 10,620 
Issuance of common stock under equity-based award plans1,3111 3,902 — 3,903 
Shares retired on vesting of equity-based awards(305)— (6,719)— (6,719)
Distributions reinvested in common stock248— 4,074 — 4,074 
Distributions— — (179,575)(179,575)
Stock-based compensation (1)
— 10,385 — 10,385 
Tax reclassification of stockholders' equity in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles— (88,552)88,552 — 
Balance as of December 31, 2021116,619$117 $1,091,907 $216,523 $1,308,547 
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations— — 102,081 102,081 
Public offering, net of offering expenses14,55915 229,644 — 229,659 
Issuance of common stock under equity-based award plans9221 1,483 — 1,484 
Shares retired on vesting of equity-based awards(295)— (6,016)— (6,016)
Distributions reinvested in common stock259— 3,953 — 3,953 
Issuance of Convertible Notes9811 (1)— 
Distributions— — (249,077)(249,077)
Stock-based compensation (1)
— 10,828 — 10,828 
Tax reclassification of stockholders' equity in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles— 9,618 (9,618)— 
Balance as of December 31, 2022133,045$134 $1,341,416 $59,909 $1,401,459 
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations— — 337,484 337,484 
Public offering, net of offering expenses22,72822 338,193 — 338,215 
Issuance of common stock under equity-based award plans1,9322 493 — 495 
Shares retired on vesting of equity-based awards(251)— (13,197)— (13,197)
Distributions reinvested in common stock304— 4,624 — 4,624 
Distributions— — (278,301)(278,301)
Stock-based compensation (1)
— 11,927 — 11,927 
Tax reclassification of stockholders' equity in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles— (20,921)20,921 — 
Balance as of December 31, 2023157,758$158 $1,662,535 $140,013 $1,802,706 
(1)Stock-based compensation includes $117 thousand, $149 thousand, and $125 thousand of restricted stock and option expense related to director compensation for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)For the Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities:
Net increase in net assets resulting from operations$337,484 $102,081 $174,155 
Adjustments to reconcile net increase in net assets resulting from operations to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Purchases of investments(1,598,584)(1,465,035)(1,467,129)
Fundings assigned to Adviser Funds350,686 330,164 125,295 
Principal and fee repayments received and proceeds from the sale of debt investments1,002,433 530,441 1,183,014 
Proceeds from the sale of equity investments43,202 15,201 111,890 
Net change in unrealized (appreciation) depreciation(25,010)85,063 (3,311)
Net realized (gain) loss(8,437)(2,762)(25,295)
Accretion of paid-in-kind principal(24,670)(20,455)(11,210)
Accretion of loan discounts(6,939)(4,697)(3,842)
Accretion of loan discount on convertible notes 112 671 
Accretion of loan exit fees(24,961)(24,532)(23,512)
Change in loan income, net of collections23,796 26,687 35,045 
Unearned fees related to unfunded commitments(2,650)2,201 (2,034)
Realized loss on extinguishment of debt 364 4,419 
Amortization of debt fees and issuance costs6,980 5,562 6,368 
Depreciation and amortization190 204 317 
Stock-based compensation and amortization of restricted stock grants (1)
11,927 10,828 10,385 
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Interest receivable(1,050)(14,212)1,712 
Other assets(22,466)406 2,175 
Accrued liabilities6,347 (2,420)9,508 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities68,278 (424,799)128,621 
Cash flows used in investing activities:
Purchases of capital equipment(887)(114)(106)
Net cash (used in) investing activities(887)(114)(106)
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities:
Issuance of common stock344,347 232,090 10,829 
Offering expenses(6,132)(2,431)(209)
Retirement of employee shares, net(12,702)(4,532)(2,816)
Distributions paid(273,677)(245,124)(175,501)
Issuance of debt659,000 1,274,237 1,736,975 
Repayment of debt(683,000)(931,198)(1,787,043)
Debt issuance costs (6,742)(5,632)
Fees paid for credit facilities and debentures(5,090)(1,776)(6,475)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities22,746 314,524 (229,872)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash90,137 (110,389)(101,357)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period25,876 136,265 237,622 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$116,013 $25,876 $136,265 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information and non-cash investing and financing activities:
Interest paid$67,149 $52,075 $51,469 
Income tax, including excise tax, paid$5,267 $7,376 $3,759 
Distributions reinvested$4,624 $3,953 $4,074 
(1)Stock-based compensation includes $117 thousand, $149 thousand, and $125 thousand of restricted stock and option expense related to director compensation for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
The following table presents a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities that sum to the total of the same such amounts in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
(in thousands)For the Year Ended December 31,
 202320222021
Cash and cash equivalents$98,899 $15,797 $133,115 
Restricted cash17,114 10,079 3,150 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash presented in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows$116,013 $25,876 $136,265 
See “Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for a description of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash.
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
79

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Debt Investments
Biotechnology Tools
Alamar Biosciences, Inc.Senior SecuredJune 2026
Prime + 3.00%, Floor rate 6.50%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 5.95% Exit Fee
$15,049 $15,069 $15,508 (13)(14)
PathAI, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2027
Prime + 2.15%, Floor rate 9.15%, 9.81% Exit Fee
$32,000 31,941 32,519 (12)
Subtotal: Biotechnology Tools (2.66%)*
47,010 48,027 
Communications & Networking
Aryaka Networks, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2026
Prime + 3.25%, Floor rate 6.75%, PIK Interest 1.05%, 3.55% Exit Fee
$25,153 24,943 26,000 (12)(14)(19)
Cytracom Holdings LLCSenior SecuredFebruary 2025
3-month SOFR + 9.72%, Floor rate 10.62%
$3,267 3,239 3,272 (11)(17)(18)
Subtotal: Communications & Networking (1.62%)*
28,182 29,272 
Consumer & Business Services
Altumint, Inc.Senior SecuredDecember 2027
Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 12.15%, 2.50% Exit Fee
$10,000 9,905 9,905 (15)(17)
AppDirect, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2026
Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, 7.12% Exit Fee
$55,790 57,653 59,507 (12)
Carwow LTDSenior SecuredDecember 2024
Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.45%, 4.95% Exit Fee
£19,146 26,834 25,157 (5)(10)(14)
Houzz, Inc.Convertible DebtMay 2028
PIK Interest 8.50%
$23,340 23,340 23,244 (9)(14)
Jobandtalent USA, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2025
1-month SOFR + 8.86% Floor rate 9.75%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$14,000 14,095 14,259 (5)(10)
Plentific LtdSenior SecuredOctober 2026
Prime + 2.55%, Floor rate 11.05%, 2.95% Exit Fee
$875 853 853 (5)(10)(17)
ProviSenior SecuredDecember 2026
Prime + 4.40%, Floor rate 10.65%, 2.95% Exit Fee
$15,000 14,904 15,046 (15)
Rhino Labs, Inc.Senior SecuredJune 2024
Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 2.25%
$4,710 4,704 4,704 (14)(15)
Riviera Partners LLCSenior SecuredApril 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.26%, Floor rate 9.26%
$36,868 36,339 34,659 (17)(18)
RVShare, LLCSenior SecuredDecember 2026
3-month SOFR + 5.50%, Floor rate 6.50%, PIK Interest 4.00%
$28,876 28,404 28,888 (13)(14)(15)
SeatGeek, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2026
Prime + 7.00%, Floor rate 10.50%, PIK Interest 0.50%, 4.00% Exit Fee
$25,199 25,126 25,869 (11)(14)(16)
 Senior SecuredJuly 2026
Prime + 2.50%, Floor rate 10.75%, PIK Interest 0.50%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$77,642 77,170 79,119 (12)(14)(16)
Total SeatGeek, Inc.$102,841 102,296 104,988  
Skyword, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
Prime + 2.75%, Floor rate 9.25%, PIK Interest 1.75%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$9,169 9,189 9,311 (13)(14)
Tectura CorporationSenior SecuredJuly 2024
FIXED 8.25%
$8,250 8,250 8,250 (7)
Thumbtack, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2026
Prime + 4.95%, Floor rate 8.20%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$10,258 10,317 10,639 (12)(14)(17)
Udacity, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2024
Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 7.75%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$53,000 53,989 53,130 (12)(14)
Veem, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 7.25%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 4.50% Exit Fee
$5,107 5,176 5,230 (13)(14)
 Senior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 4.50% Exit Fee
$5,110 5,189 5,286 (12)(14)
Total Veem, Inc.$10,217 10,365 10,516 
Worldremit Group LimitedSenior SecuredFebruary 2025
3-month SOFR + 9.40%, Floor rate 10.25%, 3.20% Exit Fee
$88,250 89,318 89,653 (5)(10)(11)(12)(16) (19)
Senior SecuredFebruary 2025
1-month SOFR + 9.35%, Floor rate 10.25%, 3.20% Exit Fee
$6,250 6,308 6,344 (5)(10)(16)(19)
Total Worldremit Group Limited$94,500 95,626 95,997 
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Services (28.24%)*
507,063 509,053 
Diversified Financial Services
Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC)UnsecuredSeptember 2026
FIXED 11.50%
$25,000 24,663 24,663 (7)(20)
 UnsecuredSeptember 2026
FIXED 11.95%
$10,000 9,815 9,815 (7)(20)
Total Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC$35,000 34,478 34,478 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
80

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Hercules Adviser LLCUnsecuredJune 2025
FIXED 5.00%
$12,000 $12,000 $12,000 (7)(23)
Next Insurance, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2028
Prime - (1.50%), Floor rate 4.75%, PIK Interest 5.50%
$10,469 10,286 10,618 (14)(17)(19)
Subtotal: Diversified Financial Services (3.17%)*
56,764 57,096 
Drug Discovery & Development   
Akero Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2027
Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 7.65%, 5.85% Exit Fee
$12,500 12,525 13,065 (10)(13)(17)
Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2024
Prime + 3.10%, Floor rate 8.60%, 8.90% Exit Fee
$15,000 15,152 15,152 (11)
Alladapt Immunotherapeutics Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 8.40%, Cap rate 10.90%, 5.30% Exit Fee
$35,000 35,173 36,855 (13)
AmplifyBio, LLCSenior SecuredJanuary 2027
Prime + 2.50%, Floor rate 9.50%, Cap rate 10.75%, 5.85% Exit Fee
$24,000 24,120 24,514 (15)
ATAI Life Sciences N.V.Senior SecuredAugust 2026
Prime + 4.55%, Floor rate 8.55%, 6.95% Exit Fee
$10,500 10,695 10,904 (5)(10)
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2028
Prime + 2.20%, Floor rate 9.95%, Cap rate 10.70%, 5.78% Exit Fee
$143,350 143,646 150,255 (10)(11)(12)(16)
Bicycle Therapeutics PLCSenior SecuredJuly 2025
Prime + 4.55%, Floor rate 8.05%, Cap rate 9.05%, 5.00% Exit Fee
$11,500 11,880 11,783 (5)(10)(11)(12)
BiomX, INCSenior SecuredSeptember 2025
Prime +5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 6.55% Exit Fee
$6,448 6,807 6,790 (5)(10)(11)
Braeburn, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2028
Prime + 2.45%, Floor rate 10.95%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 5.45% Exit Fee
$52,601 52,185 52,185 (14)
BridgeBio Pharma, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
FIXED 9.00%, 2.00% Exit Fee
$38,167 38,124 35,498 (12)(13)(14)
Cellarity, Inc.Senior SecuredJune 2026
Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 3.75% Exit Fee
$29,193 29,482 30,051 (13)(15)
COMPASS Pathways plcSenior SecuredJuly 2027
Prime + 1.50%, Floor rate 9.75%, PIK Interest 1.40%, 4.75% Exit Fee
$24,144 23,798 24,601 (5)(10)(14)
Corium, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 7.75% Exit Fee
$105,225 107,667 108,545 (13)(16)
Curevo, Inc.Senior SecuredJune 2027
Prime + 1.70%, Floor rate 9.70%, 6.95% Exit Fee
$10,000 9,821 10,076 (15)
Eloxx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2025
Prime + 6.25%, Floor rate 9.50%, 6.55% Exit Fee
$3,099 3,789 3,731 (15)
enGene, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2028
Prime + 0.75%, Floor rate 9.25%, Cap rate 9.75%, PIK Interest 1.15%, 5.50% Exit Fee
$15,750 15,550 15,550 (5)(10)
G1 Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
Prime + 5.65%, Floor rate 9.15%, 11.41% Exit Fee
$38,750 39,679 40,421 (11)(12)(15)
Geron CorporationSenior SecuredApril 2025
Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 6.55% Exit Fee
$30,200 31,005 31,210 (10)(12)(13)
Gritstone Bio, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2027
Prime + 3.15%, Floor rate 7.15%, Cap rate 8.65%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 5.75% Exit Fee
$30,532 30,717 30,909 (13)(14)
Heron Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2026
Prime + 1.70%, Floor rate 9.95%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$20,095 19,788 19,788 (14)(15)(17)
Hibercell, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2025
Prime + 5.40%, Floor rate 8.65%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$12,535 13,117 13,181 (13)(15)
HilleVax, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2027
Prime + 1.05%, Floor rate 4.55%, Cap rate 6.05%, PIK Interest 2.85%, 7.15% Exit Fee
$20,524 20,685 20,335 (14)(15)
Kura Oncology, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2027
Prime + 2.40%, Floor rate 8.65%, 15.13% Exit Fee
$5,500 5,532 5,752 (10)(15)(17)
Locus Biosciences, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2025
Prime + 6.10%, Floor rate 9.35%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$5,399 5,651 5,686 (15)
Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2026
Prime + 2.45%, Floor rate 8.25%, 5.35% Exit Fee
$78,200 78,728 81,945 (10)
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredDecember 2027
Prime + 1.35%, Floor rate 9.85%, PIK Interest 2.15%, 7.29% Exit Fee
$129,699 130,934 128,326 (10)(12)(14)(15)(16) (17)(22)
Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2026
Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 7.50%, 3.80% Exit Fee
$5,000 5,047 5,119 (15)
Replimune Group, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2027
Prime + 1.75%, Floor rate 7.25%, Cap rate 9.00%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$31,416 31,450 32,702 (10)(12)(14)
Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2027
Prime + 4.45%, Floor rate 8.45%, Cap rate 11.45%, 4.75% Exit Fee
$12,375 12,488 12,916 (10)(13)(17)
TG Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2026
Prime + 1.20%, Floor rate 8.95%, PIK Interest 2.25%, 5.69% Exit Fee
$65,770 66,439 67,610 (10)(11)(12)(14)
uniQure B.V.Senior SecuredJanuary 2027
Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, 6.10% Exit Fee
$70,000 71,157 73,318 (5)(10)(11)(12)
Valo Health, LLCSenior SecuredMay 2024
Prime + 6.45%, Floor rate 9.70%, 3.85% Exit Fee
$2,396 2,808 2,808 (11)(13)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
81

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Verona Pharma, Inc.Senior SecuredDecember 2028
1-month SOFR + 5.85%, Floor rate 11.19%, Cap rate 13.19%, 3.50% Exit Fee
$15,750 $15,646 $15,646 (5)(10)
Viridian Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2026
Prime + 4.20%, Floor rate 7.45%, Cap rate 8.95%, 6.00% Exit Fee
$8,000 8,057 8,023 (10)(13)
X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2026
Prime + 3.15%, Floor rate 10.15%, 3.80% Exit Fee
$55,000 54,680 55,417 (11)(12)(13)
Subtotal: Drug Discovery & Development (66.60%)*
1,184,022 1,200,667  
Electronics & Computer Hardware   
Locus Robotics Corp.Senior SecuredJune 2026
Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.00%, 4.00% Exit Fee
$18,281 18,348 18,982 (19)
Subtotal: Electronics & Computer Hardware (1.05%)*
18,348 18,982  
Healthcare Services, Other   
Better Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2025
Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 5.95% Exit Fee
$10,865 11,285 8,455 (15)
Blue Sprig Pediatrics, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
1-month SOFR + 5.11%, Floor rate 6.00%, PIK Interest 4.45%
$69,032 68,277 68,393 (11)(13)(14)
Carbon Health Technologies, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 5.60%, Floor rate 8.85%, 4.61% Exit Fee
$46,125 47,193 46,242 (11)(13)
Equality Health, LLCSenior SecuredFebruary 2026
Prime + 6.25%, Floor rate 9.50%, PIK Interest 1.55%
$54,425 54,142 54,697 (11)(12)(14)
Main Street Rural, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2027
Prime + 1.95%, Floor rate 9.95%, 6.85% Exit Fee
$24,500 24,476 24,929 (15)(17)
Modern Life, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2027
Prime + 2.75%, Floor rate 8.75%, 5.00% Exit Fee
$13,000 12,888 13,111 (13)(17)
Recover Together, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2027
Prime + 1.90%, Floor rate 10.15%, 7.50% Exit Fee
$35,000 34,683 34,683 
Strive Health Holdings, LLCSenior SecuredSeptember 2027
Prime + 0.70%, Floor rate 9.20%, 5.95% Exit Fee
$12,000 11,868 11,868 (15)
Vida Health, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2026
9.20% + Lower of (Prime - 3.25%) or 1.00%, Floor rate 9.20%, Cap rate 10.20%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$36,500 36,352 36,145 (11)
Subtotal: Healthcare Services, Other (16.56%)*
301,164 298,523  
Information Services   
Capella Space Corp.Senior SecuredNovember 2025
Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 7.00% Exit Fee
$20,477 21,166 21,351 (14)(15)
Checkr Group, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2028
Prime + 1.45%, Floor rate 8.00%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 2.75% Exit Fee
$47,621 47,460 49,382 (14)(17)
Saama Technologies, LLCSenior SecuredJuly 2027
Prime + 0.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 2.95% Exit Fee
$11,725 11,627 11,876 (14)(17)
Signal Media LimitedSenior SecuredJune 2025
Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, Cap rate 12.00%, 3.45% Exit Fee
$5,400 5,364 5,392 (5)(10)
Yipit, LLCSenior SecuredSeptember 2026
1-month SOFR + 8.45%, Floor rate 9.35%
$31,875 31,482 31,875 (17)(18)
Subtotal: Information Services (6.65%)*
117,099 119,876  
Manufacturing Technology   
Bright Machines, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2025
Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 9.50%, 5.00% Exit Fee
$7,827 8,064 8,006 (13)
Subtotal: Manufacturing Technology (0.44%)*
8,064 8,006  
Media/Content/Info
Fever Labs, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 4.00% Exit Fee
$6,667 6,672 6,768 (19)
Senior SecuredSeptember 2025
Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$1,167 1,178 1,188 (19)
Senior SecuredDecember 2025
Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$1,333 1,342 1,351 (19)
Senior SecuredMarch 2026
Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$1,500 1,501 1,509 (19)
Senior SecuredJune 2026
Prime + 3.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$1,667 1,647 1,653 (19)
Total Fever Labs, Inc.$12,334 12,340 12,469 
Subtotal: Media/Content/Info (0.69%)*
12,340 12,469 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
82

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Medical Devices & Equipment
Senseonics Holdings, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2027
Prime + 1.40%, Floor rate 9.90%, 6.95% Exit Fee
$21,875 $21,572 $21,572 (17)
Subtotal: Medical Devices & Equipment (1.20%)*
21,572 21,572 
Software   
3GTMS, LLCSenior SecuredFebruary 2025
3-month SOFR + 9.70%, Floor rate 10.60%
$13,110 13,029 13,103 (11)(17)(18)
Senior SecuredFebruary 2025
3-month SOFR + 6.88%, Floor rate 7.78%
$1,990 1,988 1,986 (17)(18)
Total 3GTMS, LLC$15,100 15,017 15,089 
Agilence, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2026
1-month BSBY + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%
$9,212 9,040 9,212 (12)(17)(18)
Alchemer LLCSenior SecuredMay 2028
1-month SOFR + 8.14%, Floor rate 9.14%
$20,908 20,508 21,297 (13)(17)(18)
Allvue Systems, LLCSenior SecuredSeptember 2029
6-month SOFR + 7.25%, Floor rate 8.25%
$36,410 35,530 35,530 (17)
Annex CloudSenior SecuredFebruary 2027
1-month BSBY + 9.41%, Floor rate 10.41%
$9,823 9,649 9,761 (13)(17)
Automation Anywhere, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2027
Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 9.00%, 4.50% Exit Fee
$19,600 19,345 20,269 (11)(17)(19)
Babel StreetSenior SecuredDecember 2027
3-month SOFR + 7.89%, Floor rate 8.89%
$45,000 43,983 44,928 (15)(17)(18)
Brain CorporationSenior SecuredApril 2026
Prime + 3.70%, Floor rate 9.20%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$30,415 30,678 30,989 (13)(14)(15)(17)
Campaign Monitor LimitedSenior SecuredNovember 2025
3-month SOFR + 9.05%, Floor rate 9.90%
$33,000 32,706 33,000 (13)(19)
Catchpoint Systems, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2025
3-month SOFR + 9.41%, Floor rate 11.81%
$10,073 9,931 9,940 (18)
Ceros, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
6-month SOFR + 8.99%, Floor rate 9.89%
$22,867 22,498 23,075 (17)(18)
Constructor.io CorporationSenior SecuredJuly 2027
1-month SOFR + 8.44%, Floor rate 9.44%
$4,688 4,592 4,790 (13)(17)(18)
Convoy, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2026
Prime + 3.20%, Floor rate 6.45%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 4.55% Exit Fee
$31,049 30,916  (8)(14)(19)
Copper CRM, IncSenior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.25%, Cap rate 10.25%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 3.96% Exit Fee
$9,141 9,307 9,153 (11)(14)
Cutover, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2025
Prime + 5.20%, Floor rate 9.95%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$5,500 5,544 5,715 (5)(10)(12)(17)
Cybermaxx Intermediate Holdings, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2026
6-month SOFR + 8.63%, Floor rate 9.38%
$7,955 7,830 7,778 (13)(17)
Senior SecuredAugust 2026
6-month SOFR + 12.36%, Floor rate 13.11%
$2,546 2,494 2,556 (17)
Total Cybermaxx Intermediate Holdings, Inc.$10,501 10,324 10,334 
Dashlane, Inc.Senior SecuredDecember 2027
Prime + 3.05%, Floor rate 11.55%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 7.26% Exit Fee
$42,863 43,087 43,087 (11)(13)(17)(19)
Dispatch Technologies, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2028
3-month SOFR + 8.01%, Floor rate 8.76%
$8,125 7,949 8,127 (17)(18)
DroneDeploy, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2026
Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, 4.00% Exit Fee
$6,250 6,083 6,153 (17)
Eigen Technologies Ltd.Senior SecuredApril 2025
Prime + 5.10%, Floor rate 8.35%, 2.95% Exit Fee
$3,750 3,801 3,730 (5)(10)
Elation Health, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2026
Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 9.00%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$12,629 12,253 12,692 (14)(17)(19)
Enmark Systems, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
3-month SOFR + 6.73%, Floor rate 7.73%, PIK Interest 2.13%
$8,363 8,230 8,363 (11)(14)(17)(18)
Flight Schedule Pro, LLCSenior SecuredOctober 2027
1-month SOFR + 7.80%, Floor rate 8.70%
$6,587 6,420 6,553 (17)(18)
Fortified Health SecuritySenior SecuredDecember 2027
1-month SOFR + 7.64%, Floor rate 8.54%
$7,000 6,851 6,910 (11)(17)(18)
iGrafx, LLCSenior SecuredMay 2027
1-month SOFR + 8.66%, Floor rate 9.56%
$5,000 4,901 4,901 (18)
Ikon Science LimitedSenior SecuredOctober 2024
3-month SOFR + 9.26%, Floor rate 10.00%
$6,213 6,148 6,148 (5)(10)(17)(18)
Khoros (p.k.a Lithium Technologies)Senior SecuredJanuary 2025
3-month SOFR + 4.50%, Floor rate 5.50%, PIK Interest 4.50%
$57,770 57,730 56,293 (14)
Leapwork ApSSenior SecuredFebruary 2026
Prime + 0.25%, Floor rate 7.25%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 2.70% Exit Fee
$3,813 3,810 3,907 (5)(10)(12)(14)(17)
LinenMaster, LLCSenior SecuredAugust 2028
1-month SOFR + 6.25%, Floor rate 7.25%, PIK Interest 2.15%
$15,083 14,799 14,799 (14)(17)
Loftware, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2028
3-month SOFR + 7.88%, Floor rate 8.88%
$26,469 25,897 26,566 (17)(18)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
83

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
LogicSourceSenior SecuredJuly 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.93%, Floor rate 9.93%
$13,300 $13,074 $13,493 (17)(18)
Mobile Solutions ServicesSenior SecuredDecember 2025
6-month SOFR + 9.31%, Floor rate 10.06%
$18,366 18,116 18,176 (18)
New Relic, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2030
3-month SOFR + 6.75%, Floor rate 7.75%
$20,890 20,375 20,375 (17)
Omeda Holdings, LLCSenior SecuredJuly 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.05%, Floor rate 9.05%
$7,706 7,508 7,702 (11)(17)(18)
Onna Technologies, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2026
Prime + 1.35%, Floor rate 8.85%, PIK Interest 1.75%, 4.45% Exit Fee
$3,853 3,814 3,810 (14)
Salary.com, LLCSenior SecuredSeptember 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.00%, Floor rate 9.00%
$22,185 21,814 22,048 (18)
ShadowDragon, LLCSenior SecuredDecember 2026
1-month SOFR + 9.01%, Floor rate 9.91%
$6,000 5,883 5,921 (17)(18)
Simon Data, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2027
Prime + 1.00%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 2.92% Exit Fee
$15,065 14,982 15,037 (12)(14)
Sisense Ltd.Senior SecuredJuly 2027
Prime + 1.50%, Floor rate 9.50%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 5.95% Exit Fee
$34,830 34,584 34,881 (5)(10)(14)
Streamline Healthcare SolutionsSenior SecuredMarch 2028
3-month SOFR + 7.25%, Floor rate 8.25%
$13,200 12,953 13,327 (17)(18)
Sumo Logic, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2030
3-month SOFR + 6.50%, Floor rate 7.50%
$23,000 22,460 23,105 (17)
Suzy, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2027
Prime + 1.75%, Floor rate 10.00%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 3.45% Exit Fee
$12,064 11,837 11,837 (14)(15)(17)
ThreatConnect, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2026
6-month SOFR + 9.25%, Floor rate 10.00%
$10,920 10,730 10,920 (17)(18)
Tipalti Solutions Ltd.Senior SecuredApril 2027
Prime + 0.45%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 3.75% Exit Fee
$10,649 10,578 10,835 (5)(10)(14)(17)
Zappi, Inc.Senior SecuredDecember 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.03%, Floor rate 9.03%
$9,000 8,816 8,967 (5)(10)(13)(17)(18)
Zimperium, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.31%, Floor rate 9.31%
$16,313 16,057 16,394 (17)(18)
Subtotal: Software (40.39%)*
751,108 728,139 
Sustainable and Renewable Technology
Ampion, PBCSenior SecuredMay 2025
Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.45%, 3.78% Exit Fee
$3,926 3,952 3,939 (13)(14)
Pineapple Energy LLCSenior SecuredJune 2027
FIXED 10.00%
$1,682 1,682 1,678 (19)
Subtotal: Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.31%)*
5,634 5,617 
Total: Debt Investments (169.59%)*
$3,058,370 $3,057,299 
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date(4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Equity Investments
Consumer & Business Products
Fabletics, Inc. Equity4/30/2010Common Stock42,989$128 $96 
Equity7/16/2013Preferred Series B130,1911101 700 
Total Fabletics, Inc.173,1801,229 796 
Grove Collaborative, Inc.Equity4/30/2021Common Stock12,260433 21 (4)
Savage X Holding, LLCEquity4/30/2010Class A Units172,32813 863 
TFG Holding, Inc.Equity4/30/2010Common Stock173,18089 584 
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Products (0.13%)*
1,764 2,264 
Consumer & Business Services
Carwow LTDEquity12/15/2021Preferred Series D-4199,7421,151 679 (5)(10)
DoorDash, Inc.Equity12/20/2018Common Stock56,996657 5,636 (4)
Lyft, Inc.Equity12/26/2018Common Stock100,7385,263 1,510 (4)
Nerdy Inc.Equity9/17/2021Common Stock100,0001,000 343 (4)
OfferUp, Inc.Equity10/25/2016Preferred Series A286,0801,663 377 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
84

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date(4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
 Equity10/25/2016Preferred Series A-1108,710$632 $143 
Total OfferUp, Inc.   394,7902,295 520 
OportunEquity6/28/2013Common Stock48,365577 189 (4)
Reischling Press, Inc.Equity7/31/2020Common Stock3,09539  
Rhino Labs, Inc.Equity1/24/2022Common Stock7,0631,000 559 
Tectura CorporationEquity5/23/2018Common Stock414,994,863900 4 (7)
 Equity6/6/2016Preferred Series BB1,000,000 12 (7)
Equity12/29/2023Preferred Series C3,235,29813,263 3,251 (7)
Total Tectura Corporation   419,230,16114,163 3,267 
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Services (0.70%)*
26,145 12,703 
Diversified Financial Services
Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC)Equity3/1/2018Member Units134,006 28,034 (7)(20)
Hercules Adviser LLCEquity3/26/2021Member Units135 28,713 (7)(23)
Newfront Insurance Holdings, Inc.Equity9/30/2021Preferred Series D-2210,282403 325 
Subtotal: Diversified Financial Services (3.17%)*
34,444 57,072 
Drug Delivery
Aytu BioScience, Inc.Equity3/28/2014Common Stock6801,500 2 (4)
BioQ Pharma IncorporatedEquity12/8/2015Preferred Series D165,000500   
PDS Biotechnology CorporationEquity4/6/2015Common Stock2,498309 12 (4)
Talphera, Inc. (p.k.a. AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.)Equity12/10/2018Common Stock8,8361,329 7 (4)
Subtotal: Drug Delivery (0.00%)*
3,638 21  
Drug Discovery & Development   
Avalo Therapeutics, Inc.Equity8/19/2014Common Stock421,000  (4)
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc.Equity5/9/2022Common Stock127,0214,165 10,110 (4)(10)(16)
Bicycle Therapeutics PLCEquity10/5/2020Common Stock98,1001,871 1,774 (4)(5)(10)
BridgeBio Pharma, Inc.Equity6/21/2018Common Stock231,3292,255 9,339 (4)
Cyclo Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Applied Molecular Transport)Equity4/6/2021Common Stock13442  (4)(10)
Dare Biosciences, Inc.Equity1/8/2015Common Stock13,5501,000 4 (4)
Dynavax TechnologiesEquity7/22/2015Common Stock20,000550 280 (4)(10)
Gritstone Bio, Inc.Equity10/26/2022Common Stock442,4771,000 903 (4)
Heron Therapeutics, Inc.Equity7/25/2023Common Stock364,963500 620 (4)
Hibercell, Inc.Equity5/7/2021Preferred Series B3,466,8404,250 1,834 (15)
HilleVax, Inc.Equity5/3/2022Common Stock235,2954,000 3,777 (4)
Humanigen, Inc.Equity3/31/2021Common Stock43,243800  (4)(10)
Kura Oncology, Inc.Equity6/16/2023Common Stock47,826550 688 (4)(10)
Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc.Equity9/29/2023Common Stock5,100773 1,180 (4)(10)
NorthSea TherapeuticsEquity12/15/2021Preferred Series C9832,000 1,427 (5)(10)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
85

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date(4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity6/9/2023Common Stock147,233$1,730 $1,344 (4)(10)(16)
Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.Equity8/22/2007Common Stock9441,500 28 (4)
Savara, Inc.Equity8/11/2015Common Stock11,119203 52 (4)
Sio Gene Therapies, Inc.Equity2/2/2017Common Stock16,2281,269 6 (4)
Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity5/5/2022Common Stock155,5552,100 3,150 (4)(10)
uniQure B.V.Equity1/31/2019Common Stock17,175332 116 (4)(5)(10)
Valo Health, LLCEquity12/11/2020Preferred Series B510,3083,000 2,911  
 Equity10/31/2022Preferred Series C170,1021,000 1,187  
Total Valo Health, LLC   680,4104,000 4,098  
Verge Analytics, Inc.Equity9/6/2023Preferred Series C208,5881,500 1,753 
Viridian Therapeutics, Inc.Equity11/6/2023Common Stock32,310400 704 (4)(10)
X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity11/26/2019Common Stock1,566,0642,945 1,313 (4)
Subtotal: Drug Discovery & Development (2.47%)*
40,735 44,500  
Electronics & Computer Hardware   
Locus Robotics Corp.Equity11/17/2022Preferred Series F15,116650 407  
Skydio, Inc.Equity3/8/2022Preferred Series E248,9001,500 544  
Subtotal: Electronics & Computer Hardware (0.05%)*
2,150 951  
Healthcare Services, Other   
23andMe, Inc.Equity3/11/2019Common Stock825,7325,094 754 (4)
Carbon Health Technologies, Inc.Equity3/30/2021Preferred Series C217,8801,688 206  
Subtotal: Healthcare Services, Other (0.05%)*
6,782 960  
Information Services   
Planet Labs, Inc.Equity6/21/2019Common Stock547,880615 1,353 (4)
Yipit, LLCEquity12/30/2021Preferred Series E41,0213,825 4,890  
Subtotal: Information Services (0.35%)*
4,440 6,243  
Medical Devices & Equipment   
Coronado Aesthetics, LLCEquity10/15/2021Common Units180,000 2 (7)
 Equity10/15/2021Preferred Series A-25,000,000250 260 (7)
Total Coronado Aesthetics, LLC   5,180,000250 262  
Subtotal: Medical Devices & Equipment (0.01%)*
250 262  
Semiconductors   
Achronix Semiconductor CorporationEquity7/1/2011Preferred Series C277,995160 394  
Subtotal: Semiconductors (0.02%)*
160 394  
Software   
3GTMS, LLCEquity8/9/2021Common Stock1,000,0001,000 863  
Black Crow AI, Inc. affiliatesEquity3/24/2021Preferred Note32,406 2,406 (21)
CapLinked, Inc.Equity10/26/2012Preferred Series A-353,61451   
Contentful Global, Inc.Equity12/22/2020Preferred Series C41,000138 303 (5)(10)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
86

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date(4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
 Equity11/20/2018Preferred Series D108,500$500 $842 (5)(10)
Total Contentful Global, Inc.   149,500638 1,145  
Docker, Inc.Equity11/29/2018Common Stock20,0004,284 636  
Druva Holdings, Inc.Equity10/22/2015Preferred Series 2458,8411,000 2,752  
 Equity8/24/2017Preferred Series 393,620300 587  
Total Druva Holdings, Inc.   552,4611,300 3,339  
HighRoads, Inc.Equity1/18/2013Common Stock190307   
Leapwork ApSEquity8/25/2023Preferred Series B2183,073250 231 (5)(10)
Lightbend, Inc.Equity12/4/2020Common Stock38,461265 23  
Nextdoor.com, Inc.Equity8/1/2018Common Stock1,019,2554,854 1,927 (4)
Palantir TechnologiesEquity9/23/2020Common Stock568,3373,474 9,758 (4)
SingleStore, Inc.Equity11/25/2020Preferred Series E580,9832,000 1,721  
 Equity8/12/2021Preferred Series F52,956280 196  
Total SingleStore, Inc.   633,9392,280 1,917  
Verana Health, Inc.Equity7/8/2021Preferred Series E952,5622,000 422  
ZeroFox, Inc.Equity5/7/2020Common Stock289,992101 252 (4)
Subtotal: Software (1.27%)*
23,210 22,919  
Sustainable and Renewable Technology
Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc.Equity9/13/2012Preferred Series C-1187,265711 529  
Impossible Foods, Inc.Equity5/10/2019Preferred Series E-1188,6112,000 479  
Modumetal, Inc.Equity6/1/2015Common Stock1,035500   
NantEnergy, LLCEquity8/31/2013Common Units59,665102   
Pineapple Energy LLCEquity12/10/2020Common Stock304,4873,153 180 (4)
Pivot Bio, Inc.Equity6/28/2021Preferred Series D593,0804,500 2,684  
Proterra, Inc.Equity5/28/2015Common Stock457,841542 9 (4)
Subtotal: Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.22%)*
11,508 3,881  
Total: Equity Investments (8.44%)*
$155,226 $152,170  
Warrant Investments   
Biotechnology Tools   
Alamar Biosciences, Inc.Warrant6/21/2022Preferred Series B46,197$36 $20  
PathAI, Inc.Warrant12/23/2022Common Stock53,418460 334 (12)
Subtotal: Biotechnology Tools (0.02%)*
496 354  
Communications & Networking   
Aryaka Networks, Inc.Warrant6/28/2022Common Stock229,611123 128 (12)
Subtotal: Communications & Networking (0.01%)*
123 128  
Consumer & Business Products   
Gadget Guard, LLCWarrant6/3/2014Common Stock1,662,441228   
The Neat CompanyWarrant8/13/2014Common Stock54,054365   
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
87

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date(4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Whoop, Inc.Warrant6/27/2018Preferred Series C686,270$18 $325  
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Products (0.02%)*
611 325  
Consumer & Business Services   
Carwow LTDWarrant12/14/2021Common Stock174,163164 75 (5)(10)
Houzz, Inc.Warrant10/29/2019Common Stock529,66120   
Landing Holdings Inc.Warrant3/12/2021Common Stock11,806116 298 (15)
Lendio, Inc.Warrant3/29/2019Preferred Series D127,03239 33  
Plentific LtdWarrant10/3/2023Ordinary Shares19,49948 51 (5)(10)
ProviWarrant12/22/2022Common Stock117,042166 74 (15)
Rhino Labs, Inc.Warrant3/12/2021Common Stock13,106470 4 (15)
SeatGeek, Inc.Warrant6/12/2019Common Stock1,379,761842 3,065 (16)
Skyword, Inc.Warrant11/14/2022Common Stock1,607,14357 58  
 Warrant8/23/2019Preferred Series B444,44483 5  
Total Skyword, Inc.   2,051,587140 63  
Snagajob.com, Inc.Warrant4/20/2020Common Stock600,00016   
 Warrant6/30/2016Preferred Series A1,800,000782   
 Warrant8/1/2018Preferred Series B1,211,53762   
Total Snagajob.com, Inc.   3,611,537860   
Thumbtack, Inc.Warrant5/1/2018Common Stock267,225844 515 (12)
Udacity, Inc.Warrant9/25/2020Common Stock486,359218  (12)
Veem, Inc.Warrant3/31/2022Common Stock98,428126 16 (12)
Worldremit Group LimitedWarrant2/11/2021Preferred Series D77,215129 23 (5)(10)(12)(16)
 Warrant8/27/2021Preferred Series E1,86826  (5)(10)(16)
Total Worldremit Group Limited   79,083155 23  
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Services (0.23%)*
4,208 4,217  
Diversified Financial Services
Next Insurance, Inc.Warrant2/3/2023Common Stock522,930214 554 
Subtotal: Diversified Financial Services (0.03%)*
214 554 
Drug Delivery   
Aerami Therapeutics Holdings, Inc.Warrant6/1/2016Common Stock67,069   
BioQ Pharma IncorporatedWarrant10/27/2014Common Stock459,1832   
PDS Biotechnology CorporationWarrant8/28/2014Common Stock3,929390  (4)
Subtotal: Drug Delivery (0.00%)*
392   
Drug Discovery & Development   
ADMA Biologics, Inc.Warrant2/24/2014Common Stock58,000166 11 (4)
Akero Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant6/15/2022Common Stock22,949175 335 (4)(10)
AmplifyBio, LLCWarrant12/27/2022Class A Units69,239237 184 (15)
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant9/25/2020Common Stock61,0041,290 1,657 (4)(10)(12)(16)
Cellarity, Inc.Warrant12/8/2021Preferred Series B100,000287 201 (15)
Century Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant9/14/2020Common Stock16,11237 1 (4)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
88

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date(4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
COMPASS Pathways plcWarrant6/30/2023Ordinary Shares75,376$278 $285 (4)(5)(10)
Curevo, Inc.Warrant6/9/2023Common Stock95,221233 251 (15)
Dermavant Sciences Ltd.Warrant5/31/2019Common Stock223,642101 7 (5)(10)
enGene, Inc.Warrant12/22/2023Common Stock43,689118 179 (4)(5)(10)
Evofem Biosciences, Inc.Warrant6/11/2014Common Stock3266  (4)
Fresh Tracks Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Brickell Biotech, Inc.)Warrant2/18/2016Common Stock201119  (4)
Heron Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant8/9/2023Common Stock238,095228 223 (4)(15)
Kineta, Inc.Warrant12/20/2019Common Stock2,202110  (4)
Kura Oncology, Inc.Warrant11/2/2022Common Stock14,34288 63 (4)(10)(15)
Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc.Warrant5/9/2022Common Stock13,229570 1,842 (4)(10)
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Warrant9/17/2021Common Stock64,687848 68 (4)(10)(12)(15)(16)
Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc.Warrant3/23/2022Preferred Series E475,51020 6 (15)
Scynexis, Inc.Warrant5/14/2021Common Stock106,035296 28 (4)
TG Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant2/28/2019Common Stock264,2261,284 2,583 (4)(10)(12)
Valo Health, LLCWarrant6/15/2020Common Units102,216256 153  
X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Warrant3/18/2019Common Stock1,392,787510 225 (4)
Subtotal: Drug Discovery & Development (0.46%)*
7,517 8,302  
Electronics & Computer Hardware   
908 Devices, Inc.Warrant3/15/2017Common Stock49,078101 175 (4)
Locus Robotics Corp.Warrant6/21/2022Common Stock8,50334 102  
Skydio, Inc.Warrant11/8/2021Common Stock622,255557 114  
Subtotal: Electronics & Computer Hardware (0.02%)*
692 391  
Healthcare Services, Other
Modern Life, Inc.Warrant3/30/2023Common Stock37,618164 165 
Recover Together, Inc.Warrant7/3/2023Common Stock194,830382 327 
Strive Health Holdings, LLCWarrant9/28/2023Common Units51,76083 95 (15)
Vida Health, Inc.Warrant3/28/2022Common Stock192,431121 9 
Subtotal: Healthcare Services, Other (0.03%)*
750 596 
Information Services   
Capella Space Corp.Warrant10/21/2021Common Stock176,200207 33 (15)
INMOBI Inc.Warrant11/19/2014Common Stock65,58782  (5)(10)
NetBase Solutions, Inc.Warrant8/22/2017Preferred Series 160,000356 362  
Signal Media LimitedWarrant6/29/2022Common Stock113,82849 91 (5)(10)
Subtotal: Information Services (0.03%)*
694 486  
Manufacturing Technology   
Bright Machines, Inc.Warrant3/31/2022Common Stock392,308537 279  
MacroFab, Inc.Warrant3/23/2022Common Stock1,111,111528 677  
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
89

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date(4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Xometry, Inc.Warrant5/9/2018Common Stock87,784$47 $2,044 (4)
Subtotal: Manufacturing Technology (0.17%)*
1,112 3,000  
Media/Content/Info   
Fever Labs, Inc.Warrant12/30/2022Preferred Series E-1369,37067 235  
Subtotal: Media/Content/Info (0.01%)*
67 235  
Medical Devices & Equipment   
Intuity Medical, Inc.Warrant12/29/2017Preferred Series B-13,076,323294   
Outset Medical, Inc.Warrant9/27/2013Common Stock62,794401 78 (4)
Senseonics Holdings, Inc.Warrant9/8/2023Common Stock728,317200 184 (4)
Tela Bio, Inc.Warrant3/31/2017Common Stock15,71261  (4)
Subtotal: Medical Devices & Equipment (0.01%)*
956 262  
Semiconductors   
Achronix Semiconductor CorporationWarrant6/26/2015Preferred Series D-2750,00099 811  
Subtotal: Semiconductors (0.04%)*
99 811  
Software   
Aria Systems, Inc.Warrant5/22/2015Preferred Series G231,53574   
Automation Anywhere, Inc.Warrant9/23/2022Common Stock254,778448 430  
Bitsight Technologies, Inc.Warrant11/18/2020Common Stock29,691284 666  
Brain CorporationWarrant10/4/2021Common Stock194,629165 47 (15)
CloudBolt Software, Inc.Warrant9/30/2020Common Stock211,342117 12  
Cloudian, Inc.Warrant11/6/2018Common Stock477,45471 29  
Cloudpay, Inc.Warrant4/10/2018Preferred Series B6,76354 844 (5)(10)
Couchbase, Inc.Warrant4/25/2019Common Stock105,350462 1,225 (4)
Cutover, Inc.Warrant9/21/2022Common Stock102,89826 62 (5)(10)(12)
Dashlane, Inc.Warrant3/11/2019Common Stock770,838461 258  
Delphix Corp.Warrant10/8/2019Common Stock718,8981,594 3,801  
Demandbase, Inc.Warrant8/2/2021Common Stock727,047545 396  
DNAnexus, Inc.Warrant3/21/2014Preferred Series C909,09197 47  
Dragos, Inc.Warrant6/28/2023Common Stock49,3091,452 1,207 
DroneDeploy, Inc.Warrant6/30/2022Common Stock95,911278 413  
Eigen Technologies Ltd.Warrant4/13/2022Common Stock5228 4 (5)(10)
Elation Health, Inc.Warrant9/12/2022Common Stock362,837583 188  
First Insight, Inc.Warrant5/10/2018Preferred Series B75,91796 77  
Fulfil Solutions, Inc.Warrant7/29/2022Common Stock84,995325 456  
Kore.ai, Inc.Warrant3/31/2023Preferred Series C64,293208 243 
Leapwork ApSWarrant1/23/2023Common Stock39,94816 35 (5)(10)(12)
Lightbend, Inc.Warrant2/14/2018Preferred Series D89,685131 49  
Mixpanel, Inc.Warrant9/30/2020Common Stock82,362252 306  
Onna Technologies, Inc.Warrant7/5/2023Common Stock172,86760 39 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
90

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date(4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Poplicus, Inc.Warrant5/28/2014Common Stock132,168$ $  
Reltio, Inc.Warrant6/30/2020Common Stock69,120215 447  
Simon Data, Inc.Warrant3/22/2023Common Stock77,93496 76 (12)
SingleStore, Inc.Warrant4/28/2020Preferred Series D312,596103 386  
Sisense Ltd.Warrant6/8/2023Ordinary Shares321,956174 128 (5)(10)
Suzy, Inc.Warrant8/24/2023Common Stock292,936367 354 (15)
The Faction Group LLCWarrant11/3/2014Preferred Series AA8,076234 904  
Tipalti Solutions Ltd.Warrant3/22/2023Ordinary Shares254,877174 234 (5)(10)
VideoAmp, Inc.Warrant1/21/2022Common Stock152,0481,275 186 (15)
Subtotal: Software (0.75%)*
10,445 13,549  
Surgical Devices   
TransMedics Group, Inc.Warrant9/11/2015Common Stock14,44039 676 (4)
Subtotal: Surgical Devices (0.04%)*
39 676  
Sustainable and Renewable Technology   
Ampion, PBCWarrant4/15/2022Common Stock18,47252 36  
Halio, Inc.Warrant4/22/2014Preferred Series A325,000155 36  
 Warrant4/7/2015Preferred Series B131,88363 11  
Total Halio, Inc.   456,883218 47  
Polyera CorporationWarrant3/24/2015Preferred Series C150,036269   
Subtotal: Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.00%)*
539 83  
Total: Warrant Investments (1.88%)*
$28,954 $33,969  
Total Investments in Securities (179.92%)*
$3,242,550 $3,243,438  
Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments   
Drug Discovery & Development   
Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund I C.V.Investment Funds & Vehicles11/16/2020 $3,783 $3,619 (5)(10)(17)
Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund II C.V.Investment Funds & Vehicles6/23/2022 319 611 (5)(10)(17)
Subtotal: Drug Discovery & Development (0.23%)*
$4,102 4,230  
Software   
Liberty Zim Co-Invest L.P.Investment Funds & Vehicles7/21/2022 381 378 (5)(10)
Subtotal: Software (0.02%)*
381 378  
Total: Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments (0.26%)*
$4,483 $4,608  
Total Investments (180.18%)*
$3,247,033 $3,248,046  
Cash & Cash Equivalents
GS Financial Square Government FundCash & Cash EquivalentsFGTXX/38141W273$56,000 $56,000 
Total: Investments in Cash & Cash Equivalents (3.11%)*
$56,000 $56,000 
Total: Investments after Cash & Cash Equivalents (183.28%)*
$3,303,033 $3,304,046 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
91

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)
Foreign Currency Forward Contracts
Foreign CurrencySettlement DateCounterpartyAmountTransactionUS $ Value at Settlement DateValue
Great British Pound (GBP)6/3/2024Goldman Sachs Bank USA£19,288 Sold$23,810 $(766)
Total Foreign Currency Forward ((0.04))*
$23,810 $(766)
*Value as a percent of net assets. All amounts are stated in U.S. Dollars unless otherwise noted. The Company uses the Standard Industrial Code for classifying the industry grouping of its portfolio companies.
(1)Interest rate PRIME represents 8.50% as of December 31, 2023. 1-month SOFR, 3-month SOFR, and 6-month SOFR represent 5.34%, 5.36%, and 5.35%, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.
(2)Gross unrealized appreciation, gross unrealized depreciation, and net unrealized appreciation for federal income tax purposes totaled $118.3 million, $115.9 million, and $2.4 million, respectively. The tax cost of investments is $3.2 billion.
(3)Preferred and common stock, warrants, and equity interests are generally non-income producing.
(4)Except for warrants in 24 publicly traded companies and common stock in 36 publicly traded companies, all investments are restricted as of December 31, 2023 and were valued at fair value using Level 3 significant unobservable inputs as determined in good faith by the Company’s valuation committee (the “Valuation Committee”) and approved by the board of directors (the “Board”).
(5)Non-U.S. company or the company’s principal place of business is outside the United States.
(6)[Reserved]
(7)Control investment as defined under the 1940 Act in which Hercules owns at least 25% of the company’s voting securities or has greater than 50% representation on its board.
(8)Debt is on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2023, and is therefore considered non-income producing.
(9)Denotes that all or a portion of the debt investment is convertible debt.
(10)Indicates assets that the Company deems not “qualifying assets” under section 55(a) of 1940 Act. Qualifying assets must represent at least 70% of the Company’s total assets at the time of acquisition of any additional non-qualifying assets.
(11)Denotes that all or a portion of the debt investment is pledged as collateral under the SMBC Facility (as defined in “Note 5 — Debt”).
(12)Denotes that all or a portion of the investment is pledged as collateral under the MUFG Bank Facility (as defined in “Note 5 — Debt”).
(13)Denotes that all or a portion of the debt investment secures the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes (as defined in “Note 5 — Debt”).
(14)Denotes that all or a portion of the debt investment principal includes accumulated PIK interest and is net of repayments.
(15)Denotes that all or a portion of the investment in this portfolio company is held by Hercules Capital IV, L.P., the Company’s wholly owned small business investment company.
(16)Denotes that the fair value of the Company’s total investments in this portfolio company represent greater than 5% of the Company’s total net assets as of December 31, 2023.
(17)Denotes that there is an unfunded contractual commitment available at the request of this portfolio company as of December 31, 2023 (Refer to “Note 11 — Commitments and Contingencies”).
(18)Denotes unitranche debt with first lien “last-out” senior secured position and security interest in all assets of the portfolio company whereby the “last-out” portion will be subordinated to the “first-out” portion in a liquidation, sale or other disposition.
(19)Denotes second lien senior secured debt.
(20)Gibraltar Acquisition LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary, which is the holding company for their wholly-owned affiliated portfolio companies, Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC and Gibraltar Equipment Finance, LLC.
(21)Denotes investment in a non-voting security in the form of a promissory note. The terms of the notes provide the Company with a lien on the issuers' shares of Common Stock for Black Crow AI, Inc., subject to release upon repayment of the outstanding balance of the notes. As of December 31, 2023, the Black Crow AI, Inc. affiliates promissory notes had an outstanding balance of $2.4 million.
(22)Denotes the security holds rights to royalty fee income associated with certain products of the portfolio company. The approximate cost and fair value of the royalty contract are $12.0 million and $9.4 million, respectively.
(23)Hercules Adviser LLC is owned by Hercules Capital Management LLC and presented with Hercules Partner Holdings, LLC which are both wholly owned by the Company. Please refer to “Note 1” for additional disclosure.
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
92

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Debt Investments
Biotechnology Tools
Alamar Biosciences, Inc.Senior SecuredJune 2026
Prime + 3.00%, Floor rate 6.50%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 5.95% Exit Fee
$5,000 $4,951 $4,951 
(17)
PathAI, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2027
Prime + 2.15%, Floor rate 9.15%, 11.21% Exit Fee
$28,000 27,388 27,388 
(17)
Subtotal: Biotechnology Tools (2.31%)*
32,339 32,339 
Communications & Networking
Aryaka Networks, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2026
Prime + 3.25%, Floor rate 6.75%, PIK Interest 1.05%, 3.55% Exit Fee
$5,023 4,969 5,053 
(14)(17)(19)
Cytracom Holdings LLCSenior SecuredFebruary 2025
3-month LIBOR + 9.31% or Floor rate of 10.31%
$8,910 8,768 8,748 
(11)(17)(18)
Rocket Lab Global Services, LLCSenior SecuredJune 2024
PRIME + 4.90% or Floor rate of 8.15%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 3.25% Exit Fee
$84,581 85,430 87,933 
 (11)(12)(13)(14)(16)
Subtotal: Communications & Networking (7.26%)*
99,167 101,734 
Consumer & Business Services
AppDirect, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2026
Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, 8.29% Exit Fee
$40,790 41,856 42,426 
(12)(17)
Carwow LTDSenior SecuredDecember 2024
Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.45%, 4.95% Exit Fee
£18,890 26,024 22,971 
(5)(10)(14)
Houzz, Inc.Convertible DebtMay 2028
PIK Interest 5.50%
$21,853 21,853 20,356 
(9)(14)
Jobandtalent USA, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2025
1-month SOFR + 8.86%, Floor rate 9.75%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$14,000 13,853 13,904 
(5)(10)
ProviSenior SecuredDecember 2026
Prime + 4.40%, Floor rate 10.65%, 2.95% Exit Fee
$15,000 14,739 14,739 
(15)
Rhino Labs, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2024
Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 2.25%%
$16,500 16,328 16,496 
(14)(15)
RVShare, LLCSenior SecuredDecember 2026
3-month LIBOR + 5.50%, Floor rate 6.50%, PIK Interest 4.00%
$27,730 27,265 27,256 
(13)(14)(15)(17)
SeatGeek, Inc.Senior SecuredJune 2023
Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 10.50%, PIK Interest 0.50%
$60,915 60,721 60,721 
(12)(13)(14)(16)
Senior SecuredMay 2026
Prime + 7.00%, Floor rate 10.50%, PIK Interest 0.50%
$25,071 24,912 25,823 
(11)(14)(16)
Total SeatGeek, Inc.$85,986 85,633 86,544 
Skyword, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
Prime + 2.75%, Floor rate 9.25%, PIK Interest 1.75%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$9,007 8,918 8,870 
(13)(14)
Tectura CorporationSenior SecuredJuly 2024
PIK Interest 5.00%
$10,680 240  
(7)(8)(14)
Senior SecuredJuly 2024
FIXED 8.25%
$8,250 8,250 8,042 
(7)(8)(14)
Senior SecuredJuly 2024
PIK Interest 5.00%
$13,023 13,023  
(7)(8)(14)
Total Tectura Corporation$31,953 21,513 8,042 
Thumbtack, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2026
Prime + 4.95%, Floor rate 8.20%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$10,103 10,050 10,167 
(12)(14)(17)
Udacity, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2024
Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 7.75%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$51,937 52,265 52,976 
(12)(14)
Veem, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 7.25%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 4.50% Exit Fee
$5,043 5,000 5,042 
(13)(14)
Senior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 4.50% Exit Fee
$5,033 4,988 5,124 
(14)
Total Veem, Inc.$10,076 9,988 10,166 
Worldremit Group LimitedSenior SecuredFebruary 2025
3-month LIBOR + 9.25%, Floor rate 10.25%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$94,500 94,418 93,837 
(5)(10)(11)(12)(16)(19)
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Services (30.59%)*
444,703 428,750 
Diversified Financial Services
Gibraltar Business Capital, LLCUnsecuredSeptember 2026
FIXED 14.50%
$15,000 14,715 12,802 
(7)
UnsecuredSeptember 2026
FIXED 11.50%
$10,000 9,852 8,898 
(7)
Total Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC$25,000 24,567 21,700 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
93

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Hercules Adviser LLCUnsecuredJune 2025
FIXED 5.00%
$12,000 $12,000 $12,000 
(7)
Subtotal: Diversified Financial Services (2.40%)*
36,567 33,700 
Drug Discovery & Development
Akero Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2027
Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 7.65%, 5.85% Exit Fee
$5,000 4,986 5,039 
(10)(13)(17)
Aldeyra Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2024
Prime + 3.10%, Floor rate 8.60%, 8.90% Exit Fee
$15,000 15,879 15,974 
(11)
Alladapt Immunotherapeutics Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
Prime + 3.65%, Floor rate 8.40%, Cap rate 10.90%, 10.60% Exit Fee
$15,000 14,920 14,920 
(13)(17)
AmplifyBio, LLCSenior SecuredJanuary 2027
Prime + 2.50%, Floor rate 9.50%, Cap rate 10.75%, 5.85% Exit Fee
$24,000 23,663 23,663 
(15)
ATAI Life Sciences N.V.Senior SecuredAugust 2026
Prime + 4.55%, Floor rate 8.55%, 6.95% Exit Fee
$10,500 10,513 10,513 
(5)(10)
Aveo Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2024
Prime + 6.40%, Floor rate 9.65%, Cap rate 15.00% , 6.95% Exit Fee
$40,000 41,644 43,183 
(11)(15)
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2026
Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, Cap rate 10.70%, 5.31% Exit Fee
$81,725 81,631 78,074 
(10)(11)(12)(16)(17)
Bicycle Therapeutics PLCSenior SecuredJuly 2025
Prime + 4.55%, Floor rate 8.05%, Cap rate 9.05%, 5.00% Exit Fee
$11,500 11,757 11,435 
(5)(10)(11)(12)
BiomX, INCSenior SecuredSeptember 2025
Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 6.55% Exit Fee
$9,000 9,174 9,052 
(5)(10)(11)
BridgeBio Pharma, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
FIXED 9.00%, 2.00% Exit Fee
$37,312 37,039 33,344 
(12)(13)(14)
Cellarity, Inc.Senior SecuredJune 2026
Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 3.75% Exit Fee
$30,000 29,841 30,097 
(13)(15)
Century Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2024
Prime + 6.30%, Floor rate 9.55%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$10,000 10,235 10,292 
(11)
Codiak Biosciences, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2025
Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, 5.50% Exit Fee
$25,000 25,759 25,177 
(11)
Corium, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 7.75% Exit Fee
$132,675 133,557 135,619 
(13)(16)
Eloxx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2025
Prime + 6.25%, Floor rate 9.50%, 6.55% Exit Fee
$12,500 12,753 12,535 
(15)
enGene, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2025
Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, 6.35% Exit Fee
$11,000 11,072 11,067 
(5)(10)(12)(13)
Finch Therapeutics Group, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
Prime + 4.05%, Floor rate 7.55%, Cap rate 8.80%, 5.50% Exit Fee
$15,000 15,012 13,940 
G1 Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
Prime + 5.90%, Floor rate 9.15%, 9.86% Exit Fee
$58,125 58,674 58,407 
(11)(12)(15)(17)
Geron CorporationSenior SecuredOctober 2024
Prime + 5.75%, Floor rate 9.00%, 6.55% Exit Fee
$18,500 19,109 19,174 
(10)(12)(13)
Gritstone Bio, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2027
Prime + 3.15%, Floor rate 7.15%, Cap rate 8.65%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 5.75% Exit Fee
$15,113 15,109 15,109 
(14)(17)
Hibercell, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2025
Prime + 5.40%, Floor rate 8.65%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$17,000 17,313 17,265 
(13)(15)
HilleVax, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2027
Prime + 1.05%, Floor rate 4.55%, Cap rate 6.05%, PIK Interest 2.85%, 7.15% Exit Fee
$12,072 12,043 11,333 
(14)(15)(17)
Iveric Bio, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2027
Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 8.75%, Cap rate 10.25%, 4.25% Exit Fee
$49,500 49,090 49,090 
(10)(12)
Kura Oncology, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2027
Prime + 2.40%, Floor rate 8.65%, 15.13% Exit Fee
$5,500 5,448 5,448 
(10)(15)(17)
Locus Biosciences, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2025
Prime + 6.10%, Floor rate 9.35%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$8,000 8,120 8,085 
(15)
Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2026
Prime + 3.95%, Floor rate 7.45%, 5.35% Exit Fee
$34,000 33,945 33,987 
(10)(17)
Nabriva TherapeuticsSenior SecuredJune 2023
Prime + 4.30%, Floor rate 9.80%, 9.95% Exit Fee
$2,079 2,734 2,804 
(5)(10)(13)
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2026
Prime + 2.25%, Floor rate 5.50%, PIK Interest 3.35%, 7.50% Exit Fee
$94,737 95,032 93,916 
(10)(12)(14)(15)(16)(17)(22)
Provention Bio, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2027
Prime + 2.70%, Floor rate 8.20%, 6.60% Exit Fee
$25,000 24,670 24,670 
(17)
Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2026
Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 7.50%, 3.80% Exit Fee
$5,000 4,957 4,946 
(15)
Replimune Group, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2027
Prime + 1.75%, Floor rate 7.25%, Cap rate 9.00%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$20,754 20,656 20,656 
(10)(14)(17)
Scynexis, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 5.80%, Floor rate 9.05%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$18,667 18,675 18,698 
(12)(13)
Seres Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2024
Prime + 6.40%, Floor rate 9.65%, 4.98% Exit Fee
$37,500 38,638 38,816 
(12)(13)
Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2027
Prime + 5.20%, Floor rate 8.45% , 4.75% Exit Fee
$8,250 8,274 8,423 
(10)(13)(17)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
94

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
TG Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2026
Prime + 2.15%, Floor rate 5.40%, PIK Interest 3.45%, 5.95% Exit Fee
$47,983 $47,889 $48,649 
(10)(11)(12)(14)
uniQure B.V.Senior SecuredDecember 2025
Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, 7.28% Exit Fee
$70,000 72,329 73,019 
(5)(10)(11)(12)(16)
Unity Biotechnology, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2024
Prime + 6.10%, Floor rate 9.35%, 6.25% Exit Fee
$20,000 21,079 20,967 
(13)
Valo Health, LLCSenior SecuredMay 2024
Prime + 6.45%, Floor rate 9.70%, 3.85% Exit Fee
$8,146 8,416 8,410 
(11)(13)
Viridian Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2026
Prime + 4.20%, Floor rate 7.45%, Cap rate 8.95%, 4.76% Exit Fee
$2,000 2,012 1,934 
(10)(13)(17)
X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2024
Prime + 3.75%, Floor rate 8.75%, 8.80% Exit Fee
$32,500 33,705 33,700 
(11)(12)(13)
Subtotal: Drug Discovery & Development (78.59%)*
1,107,352 1,101,430 
Electronics & Computer Hardware
Locus Robotics Corp.Senior SecuredJune 2026
Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.00%, 1.00% Exit Fee
$18,281 18,171 18,723 
(19)
Subtotal: Electronics & Computer Hardware (1.34%)*
18,171 18,723 
Healthcare Services, Other
Better Therapeutics, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2025
Prime + 5.70%, Floor rate 8.95%, 5.95% Exit Fee
$12,000 12,162 12,053 
(15)
Blue Sprig Pediatrics, Inc.Senior SecuredNovember 2026
1-month LIBOR + 5.00%, Floor rate 6.00%, PIK Interest 4.45%
$51,480 50,813 49,732 
(11)(13)(14)
Carbon Health Technologies, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 5.60%, Floor rate 8.85%, 4.61% Exit Fee
$46,125 46,552 46,548 
(11)(13)(19)
Equality Health, LLCSenior SecuredFebruary 2026
Prime + 6.25%, Floor rate 9.50%, PIK Interest 1.55%
$53,587 53,164 53,871 
(12)(14)
Oak Street Health, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2027
Prime + 2.45%, Floor rate 7.95%, Cap rate 9.45%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$33,808 33,651 33,651 
(10)(14)(17)
Subtotal: Healthcare Services, Other (13.98%)*
196,342 195,855 
Information Services
Capella Space Corp.Senior SecuredNovember 2025
Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 7.00% Exit Fee
$20,250 20,506 20,574 
(14)(15)(19)
Signal Media LimitedSenior SecuredJune 2025
Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 9.00%, Cap rate 12.00%, 3.45% Exit Fee
$750 742 738 
(5)(10)(17)
Yipit, LLCSenior SecuredSeptember 2026
1-month SOFR + 9.08%, Floor rate 10.08%
$31,875 31,371 30,763 
(17)(18)
Subtotal: Information Services (3.72%)*
52,619 52,075 
Manufacturing Technology
Bright Machines, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2025
Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 9.50%, 5.00% Exit Fee
$11,050 10,832 10,832 
(13)
MacroFab, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2026
Prime + 4.35%, Floor rate 7.60%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 4.50% Exit Fee
$17,137 16,766 16,917 
(14)(17)
Ouster, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2026
Prime + 6.15%, Floor rate 9.40%, 7.45% Exit Fee
$14,000 13,970 14,204 
(10)(13)
Subtotal: Manufacturing Technology (2.99%)*
41,568 41,953 
Semiconductors
Fungible, Inc.Senior SecuredDecember 2024
Prime + 5.00%, Floor rate 8.25%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$20,000 19,639 21,192 
(15)(19)
Subtotal: Semiconductors (1.51%)*
19,639 21,192 
Software
3GTMS, LLCSenior SecuredFebruary 2025
3-month LIBOR + 9.28%, Floor rate 10.28%
$10,426 10,291 10,317 
(11)(18)
Senior SecuredFebruary 2025
3-month LIBOR + 6.57%, Floor rate 7.57%
$2,750 2,744 2,681 
(18)
Total 3GTMS, LLC$13,176 13,035 12,998 
Agilence, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2026
1-month BSBY + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%
$9,306 9,088 8,977 
(12)(17)(18)
Alchemer LLCSenior SecuredMay 2028
1-month SOFR + 7.89% Floor rate 8.89%
$20,463 19,999 20,123 
(17)(18)
Annex CloudSenior SecuredFebruary 2027
1-month BSBY + 8.99%, Floor rate 10.00%
$8,500 8,292 8,176 
(13)(17)
Automation Anywhere, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2027
Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 9.00%, 2.50% Exit Fee
$19,600 19,059 19,059 
(11)(17)(19)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
95

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Babel StreetSenior SecuredDecember 2027
3-month SOFR + 7.89%, Floor rate 8.89%
$45,000 $43,801 $43,801 
(15)(17)(18)
Brain CorporationSenior SecuredApril 2025
Prime + 3.70%, Floor rate 6.95%, PIK Interest 1.00%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$20,166 20,242 20,138 
(13)(14)(15)(17)
Campaign Monitor LimitedSenior SecuredNovember 2025
6-month SOFR + 8.90%, Floor rate 9.90%
$33,000 32,578 33,000 
(13)(19)
Catchpoint Systems, Inc.Senior SecuredJune 2026
3-month SOFR + 8.86%, Floor rate 9.76%
$10,175 9,980 9,996 
(18)
Ceros, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
6-month LIBOR + 9.67%, Floor rate 10.67%
$21,445 21,003 21,050 
(17)(18)
CloudBolt Software, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2024
Prime + 6.70%, Floor rate 9.95%, 3.45% Exit Fee
$10,000 10,069 10,498 
(11)(19)
Constructor.io CorporationSenior SecuredJuly 2027
1-month SOFR + 8.44%, Floor rate 9.44%
$4,688 4,573 4,573 
(17)(18)
Convoy, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2026
Prime + 3.20%, Floor rate 6.45%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 4.55% Exit Fee
$73,987 73,060 73,498 
(14)(16)(19)
Copper CRM, IncSenior SecuredMarch 2025
Prime + 4.50%, Floor rate 8.25%, Cap rate 10.25%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 4.50% Exit Fee
$10,144 10,150 9,820 
(11)(14)
Cutover, Inc.Senior SecuredOctober 2025
Prime + 5.20%, Floor rate 9.95%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$5,000 4,949 4,949 
(5)(10)(12)(17)
Cybermaxx Intermediate Holdings, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2026
6-month SOFR + 9.53%, Floor rate 10.28%
$10,528 10,298 10,114 
(13)(17)
Dashlane, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2025
Prime + 3.05%, Floor rate 7.55%, PIK Interest 1.10%, 4.95% Exit Fee
$31,930 32,346 32,012 
(11)(13)(14)(17)(19)
Demandbase, Inc.Senior SecuredAugust 2025
Prime + 2.25%, Floor rate 5.50%, PIK Interest 3.00%, 5.00% Exit Fee
$28,503 28,442 28,664 
(13)(14)(17)(19)
Dispatch Technologies, Inc.Senior SecuredApril 2028
3-month SOFR + 8.01%, Floor rate 8.76%
$7,500 7,295 7,339 
(17)(18)
Eigen Technologies Ltd.Senior SecuredApril 2025
Prime + 5.10%, Floor rate 8.35%, 2.95% Exit Fee
$3,750 3,744 3,746 
(5)(10)
Elation Health, Inc.Senior SecuredMarch 2026
Prime + 4.25%, Floor rate 9.00%, PIK Interest 1.95%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$5,021 4,839 4,839 
(14)(17)(19)
Enmark Systems, Inc.Senior SecuredSeptember 2026
3-month LIBOR + 6.77%, Floor rate 7.77%, PIK Interest 2.16%
$8,223 8,054 8,043 
(11)(14)(17)(18)
Esentire, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2024
3-month LIBOR + 9.96%, Floor rate 10.96%
$8,436 8,361 8,376 
(5)(10)(11)(18)
Esme Learning Solutions, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2025
Prime + 5.50%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 1.50%, 3.00% Exit Fee
$4,892 4,737 1,671 
(8)(14)
Fortified Health SecuritySenior SecuredDecember 2027
6-month SOFR + 7.79%, Floor rate 8.54%
$7,000 6,824 6,824 
(17)(18)
Flight Schedule Pro, LLCSenior SecuredOctober 2027
1-month SOFR + 7.79%, Floor rate 8.70%
$5,948 5,771 5,771 
(17)(18)
Ikon Science LimitedSenior SecuredOctober 2024
3-month Eurodollar + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%
$6,563 6,422 6,484 
(5)(10)(17)(18)
Imperva, Inc.Senior SecuredJanuary 2027
3-month LIBOR + 7.75%, Floor rate 8.75%
$20,000 19,875 20,200 
(19)
Kazoo, Inc. (p.k.a. YouEarnedIt, Inc.)Senior SecuredJuly 2023
3-month SOFR + 10.14%, Floor rate 11.14%
$10,681 10,593 10,593 
(18)
Khoros (p.k.a Lithium Technologies)Senior SecuredJanuary 2024
3-month SOFR + 8.00%, Floor rate 9.00%
$56,208 56,062 55,520 
(17)
LogicSourceSenior SecuredJuly 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.93%, Floor rate 9.93%
$13,300 13,028 13,028 
(17)
LogicworksSenior SecuredJanuary 2024
Prime + 7.50%, Floor rate 10.75%
$14,500 14,398 14,473 
(12)
Mobile Solutions ServicesSenior SecuredDecember 2025
3-month LIBOR + 9.06%, Floor rate 10.06%
$17,915 17,556 17,474 
(17)(18)
Nextroll, Inc.Senior SecuredJuly 2023
Prime + 3.75%, Floor rate 7.75%, PIK Interest 2.95%, 1.95% Exit Fee
$22,211 22,284 22,284 
(12)(14)
Nuvolo Technologies CorporationSenior SecuredJuly 2025
Prime + 5.25%, Floor rate 8.50%, 2.42% Exit Fee
$22,500 22,508 22,817 
(12)(13)(17)(19)
Omeda Holdings, LLCSenior SecuredJuly 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.05%, Floor rate 9.05%
$7,500 7,261 7,261 
(17)(18)
Riviera Partners LLCSenior SecuredApril 2027
6-month SOFR + 7.53%, Floor rate 8.53%
$26,184 25,622 25,487 
(17)(18)
Salary.com, LLCSenior SecuredSeptember 2027
6-month SOFR + 8.00%, Floor rate 9.00%
$18,000 17,654 17,654 
(18)
ShadowDragon, LLCSenior SecuredDecember 2026
3-month LIBOR + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%
$5,985 5,841 5,830 
(17)(18)
Tact.ai Technologies, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2024
Prime + 4.00%, Floor rate 8.75%, PIK Interest 2.00%, 5.50% Exit Fee
$4,250 4,481 4,446 
(14)
ThreatConnect, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2026
6-month LIBOR + 9.00%, Floor rate 10.00%
$11,032 10,778 10,793 
(17)(18)
VideoAmp, Inc.Senior SecuredFebruary 2025
Prime + 3.70%, Floor rate 6.95%, PIK Interest 1.25%, 5.25% Exit Fee
$63,187 62,640 63,429 
(14)(15)(19)
Zappi, Inc.Senior SecuredDecember 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.03%, Floor rate 9.03%
$9,000 8,779 8,779 
(5)(10)(17)(18)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
96

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Maturity Date
Interest Rate and Floor (1)
Principal
Amount
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Zimperium, Inc.Senior SecuredMay 2027
3-month SOFR + 8.31%, Floor rate 9.31%
$16,313 $16,000 $16,072 
(17)(18)
Subtotal: Software (54.28%)*
762,371 760,679 
Sustainable and Renewable Technology
Ampion, PBCSenior SecuredMay 2025
Prime + 4.70%, Floor rate 7.95%, PIK Interest 1.45%, 3.95% Exit Fee
$4,037 3,985 4,008 
(13)(14)
Pineapple Energy LLCSenior SecuredDecember 2024
PIK Interest 10.00%
$3,237 3,237 3,006 
(14)
Subtotal: Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.50%)*
7,222 7,014 
Total: Debt Investments (199.47%)*
$2,818,060 $2,795,444 
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Equity Investments
Consumer & Business Products
Grove Collaborative, Inc.Equity4/30/2021Common Stock61,300$433 $24 
(4)
Savage X Holding, LLCEquity4/30/2010Class A Units42,13713 226 
TechStyle, Inc.Equity4/30/2010Common Stock42,989128 132 
TFG Holding, Inc.Equity4/30/2010Common Stock42,98989 116 
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Products (0.04%)*
663 498 
Consumer & Business Services
Carwow LTDEquity12/15/2021Preferred Series D-4199,7421,151 257 
(5)(10)
DoorDash, Inc.Equity12/20/2018Common Stock81,996945 4,003 
(4)
Lyft, Inc.Equity12/26/2018Common Stock100,7385,263 1,110 
(4)
Nerdy Inc.Equity9/17/2021Common Stock100,0001,000 225 
(4)
OfferUp, Inc.Equity10/25/2016Preferred Series A286,0801,663 372 
Equity10/25/2016Preferred Series A-1108,710632 141 
Total OfferUp, Inc.394,7902,295 513 
OportunEquity6/28/2013Common Stock48,365577 266 
(4)
Reischling Press, Inc.Equity7/31/2020Common Stock3,09539  
Rhino Labs, Inc.Equity1/24/2022Preferred Series B-27,0631,000 805 
Tectura CorporationEquity5/23/2018Common Stock414,994,863900  
(7)
Equity6/6/2016Preferred Series BB1,000,000  
(7)
Total Tectura Corporation415,994,863900  
Uber Technologies, Inc.Equity12/1/2020Common Stock32,991318 816 
(4)
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Products (0.57%)*
13,488 7,995 
Diversified Financial Services
Gibraltar Business Capital, LLCEquity3/1/2018Common Stock830,0001,884 1,107 
(7)
Equity3/1/2018Preferred Series A10,602,75226,122 14,137 
(7)
Total Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC11,432,75228,006 15,244 
Hercules Adviser LLCEquity3/26/2021Member Units135 19,153 
(7)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
97

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Newfront Insurance Holdings, Inc.Equity9/30/2021Preferred Series D-2210,282$403 $472 
Subtotal: Diversified Financial Services (2.49%)*
28,444 34,869 
Drug Delivery
AcelRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity12/10/2018Common Stock8,8361,329 20 
(4)
Aytu BioScience, Inc.Equity3/28/2014Common Stock13,6001,500 3 
(4)
BioQ Pharma IncorporatedEquity12/8/2015Preferred Series D165,000500 33 
PDS Biotechnology CorporationEquity4/6/2015Common Stock2,498309 33 
(4)
Subtotal: Drug Delivery (0.01%)*
3,638 89 
Drug Discovery & Development
Akero Therapeutics, Inc.Equity9/19/2022Common Stock38,4611,000 2,108 
(4)(10)
Albireo Pharma, Inc.Equity9/14/2020Common Stock25,0001,000 540 
(4)(10)
Applied Molecular TransportEquity4/6/2021Common Stock1,00042  
(4)(10)
Avalo Therapeutics, Inc.Equity8/19/2014Common Stock9,9241,000 50 
(4)
Aveo Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity7/31/2011Common Stock190,1791,715 2,843 
(4)
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc.Equity5/9/2022Common Stock127,0214,165 9,797 
(4)(10)(16)
Bicycle Therapeutics PLCEquity10/5/2020Common Stock98,1001,871 2,904 
(4)(5)(10)
BridgeBio Pharma, Inc.Equity6/21/2018Common Stock231,3292,255 1,763 
(4)
Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity2/13/2019Common Stock70,7961,367 413 
(4)(10)
Dare Biosciences, Inc.Equity1/8/2015Common Stock13,5501,000 11 
(4)
Dynavax TechnologiesEquity7/22/2015Common Stock20,000550 213 
(4)(10)
Gritstone Bio, Inc.Equity10/26/2022Common Stock442,4771,000 1,527 
(4)
Hibercell, Inc.Equity5/7/2021Preferred Series B3,466,8404,250 2,233 
(15)
HilleVax, Inc.Equity5/3/2022Common Stock235,2954,000 3,937 
(4)
Humanigen, Inc.Equity3/31/2021Common Stock43,243800 5 
(4)(10)
NorthSea TherapeuticsEquity12/15/2021Preferred Series C9832,000 1,476 
(5)(10)
Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity2/26/2007Common Stock76,3622,744 143 
(4)
Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.Equity8/22/2007Common Stock9441,500 18 
(4)
Savara, Inc.Equity8/11/2015Common Stock11,119203 17 
(4)
Sio Gene Therapies, Inc.Equity2/2/2017Common Stock16,2281,269 7 
(4)
Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity5/5/2022Common Stock155,5552,100 2,280 
(4)(10)
Tricida, Inc.Equity2/28/2018Common Stock68,816863 11 
(4)
uniQure B.V.Equity1/31/2019Common Stock17,175332 389 
(4)(5)(10)(16)
Valo Health, LLCEquity12/11/2020Preferred Series B510,3083,000 2,063 
Equity10/31/2022Preferred Series C170,1021,000 1,012 
Total Valo Health, LLC680,4104,000 3,075 
X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Equity11/26/2019Common Stock1,566,0642,945 1,555 
(4)
Subtotal: Drug Discovery & Development (2.66%)*
43,971 37,315 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
98

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Electronics & Computer Hardware
Locus Robotics Corp.Equity11/17/2022Preferred Series F15,116$650 $606 
Skydio, Inc.Equity3/8/2022Preferred Series E248,9001,500 915 
Subtotal: Electronics & Computer Hardware (0.11%)*
2,150 1,521 
Healthcare Services, Other
23andMe, Inc.Equity3/11/2019Common Stock825,7325,094 1,784 
(4)
Carbon Health Technologies, Inc.Equity3/30/2021Preferred Series C217,8801,687 1,110 
Subtotal: Healthcare Services, Other (0.21%)*
6,781 2,894 
Information Services
Planet Labs, Inc.Equity6/21/2019Common Stock547,880615 2,383 
(4)
Yipit, LLCEquity12/30/2021Preferred Series E41,0213,825 3,375 
Zeta Global Corp.Equity11/20/2007Common Stock295,861 2,417 
(4)
Subtotal: Information Services (0.58%)*
4,440 8,175 
Medical Devices & Equipment
Coronado Aesthetics, LLCEquity10/15/2021Common Units180,000 6 
(7)
10/15/2021Preferred Series A-25,000,000250 313 
(7)
Total Coronado Aesthetics, LLC5,180,000250 319 
Flowonix Medical IncorporatedEquity11/3/2014Preferred Series AA221,8931,499  
Gelesis, Inc.Equity11/30/2009Common Stock1,490,700871 433 
(4)
ViewRay, Inc.Equity12/16/2013Common Stock36,457333 163 
(4)
Subtotal: Medical Devices & Equipment (0.07%)*
2,953 915 
Semiconductors
Achronix Semiconductor CorporationEquity7/1/2011Preferred Series C277,995160 205 
Subtotal: Semiconductors (0.01%)*
160 205 
Software
3GTMS, LLCEquity8/9/2021Common Stock1,000,0001,000 793 
Black Crow AI, Inc. affiliatesEquity3/24/2021Preferred Note33,000 3,000 
(21)
CapLinked, Inc.Equity10/26/2012Preferred Series A-353,61451 6 
Contentful Global, Inc.Equity12/22/2020Preferred Series C41,000138 258 
(5)(10)
Equity11/20/2018Preferred Series D108,500500 732 
(5)(10)
Total Contentful Global, Inc.149,500638 990 
Docker, Inc.Equity11/29/2018Common Stock20,0004,284 503 
Druva Holdings, Inc.Equity10/22/2015Preferred Series 2458,8411,000 1,764 
Equity8/24/2017Preferred Series 393,620300 395 
Total Druva Holdings, Inc.552,4611,300 2,159 
HighRoads, Inc.Equity1/18/2013Common Stock190307  
Lightbend, Inc.Equity12/4/2020Common Stock38,461265 24 
Nextdoor.com, Inc.Equity8/1/2018Common Stock1,019,2554,854 2,100 
(4)
Palantir TechnologiesEquity9/23/2020Common Stock1,418,3378,670 9,106 
(4)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
99

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
SingleStore, Inc.Equity11/25/2020Preferred Series E580,983$2,000 $1,940 
Equity8/12/2021Preferred Series F52,956280 221 
Total SingleStore, Inc.633,9392,280 2,161 
Sprinklr, Inc.Equity3/22/2017Common Stock700,0003,748 5,719 
(4)
Verana Health, Inc.Equity7/8/2021Preferred Series E952,5622,000 1,023 
ZeroFox, Inc.Equity5/7/2020Common Stock289,992101 1,382 
(4)(20)
Subtotal: Software (2.07%)*
32,498 28,966 
Surgical Devices
Gynesonics, Inc.Equity1/18/2007Preferred Series B219,298250  
Equity6/16/2010Preferred Series C656,538282  
Equity2/8/2013Preferred Series D1,991,157712  
Equity7/14/2015Preferred Series E2,786,367429  
Equity12/18/2018Preferred Series F1,523,693118  
Equity12/18/2018Preferred Series F-12,418,125150  
Total Gynesonics, Inc.9,595,1781,941  
TransMedics Group, Inc.11/7/2012Common Stock50,000538 2,546 
(4)
Subtotal: Surgical Devices (0.18%)*
2,479 2,546 
Sustainable and Renewable Technology
Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc.Equity9/13/2012Preferred Series C-1187,265711 995 
Impossible Foods, Inc.Equity5/10/2019Preferred Series E-1188,6112,000 2,173 
Modumetal, Inc.Equity6/1/2015Common Stock1,035500  
NantEnergy, LLCEquity8/31/2013Common Units59,665102  
Pineapple Energy LLCEquity12/10/2020Common Stock304,4863,153 634 
(4)(20)
Pivot Bio, Inc.Equity6/28/2021Preferred Series D593,0804,500 2,456 
Proterra, Inc.Equity5/28/2015Common Stock457,841542 1,726 
(4)
Subtotal: Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.57%)*
11,508 7,984 
Total: Equity Investments (9.56%)*
$153,173 $133,972 
Warrant Investments
Biotechnology Tools
Alamar Biosciences, Inc.Warrant6/21/2022Preferred Series B15,399$24 $23 
PathAI, Inc.Warrant12/23/2022Common Stock53,418461 463 
Subtotal: Biotechnology Tools (0.03%)*
485 486 
Communications & Networking
Aryaka Networks, Inc.Warrant6/28/2022Common Stock229,611123 99 
Spring Mobile Solutions, Inc.Warrant4/19/2013Common Stock2,834,375418  
Subtotal: Communications & Networking (0.01%)*
541 99 
Consumer & Business Products
Gadget Guard, LLCWarrant6/3/2014Common Stock1,662,441228  
Savage X Holding, LLCWarrant6/27/2014Class A Units206,185 1,103 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
100

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
TechStyle, Inc.Warrant7/16/2013Preferred Series B206,185$1,101 $745 
TFG Holding, Inc.Warrant6/27/2014Common Stock206,185  
The Neat CompanyWarrant8/13/2014Common Stock54,054365  
Whoop, Inc.Warrant6/27/2018Preferred Series C686,27018 475 
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Products (0.17%)*
1,712 2,323 
Consumer & Business Services
Carwow LTDWarrant12/14/2021Common Stock174,163164 34 
(5)(10)
Houzz, Inc.Warrant10/29/2019Common Stock529,66120  
Landing Holdings Inc.Warrant3/12/2021Common Stock11,806116 127 
(15)
Lendio, Inc.Warrant3/29/2019Preferred Series D127,03239 19 
ProviWarrant12/22/2022Common Stock117,042166 155 
(15)
Rhino Labs, Inc.Warrant3/12/2021Common Stock13,106470 308 
(15)
RumbleON, Inc.Warrant4/30/2018Common Stock5,13988  
(4)
SeatGeek, Inc.Warrant6/12/2019Common Stock1,379,761842 1,332 
(12)(16)
Skyword, Inc.Warrant11/14/2022Common Stock1,607,14357 43 
Warrant8/23/2019Preferred Series B444,44483  
Total Skyword, Inc.2,051,587140 43 
Snagajob.com, Inc.Warrant4/20/2020Common Stock600,00016 43 
Warrant6/30/2016Preferred Series A1,800,000782 50 
Warrant8/1/2018Preferred Series B1,211,53762 25 
Total Snagajob.com, Inc.3,611,537860 118 
Thumbtack, Inc.Warrant5/1/2018Common Stock267,225844 280 
(12)
Udacity, Inc.Warrant9/25/2020Common Stock486,359218 4 
(12)
Veem, Inc.Warrant3/31/2022Common Stock98,428126 25 
Worldremit Group LimitedWarrant2/11/2021Preferred Series D77,215129 192 
(5)(10)(12)(16)
Warrant8/27/2021Preferred Series E1,86826 2 
(5)(10)(16)
Total Worldremit Group Limited79,083155 194 
Subtotal: Consumer & Business Services (0.19%)*
4,248 2,639 
Drug Delivery
Aerami Therapeutics Holdings, Inc.Warrant9/30/2015Common Stock110,88274  
BioQ Pharma IncorporatedWarrant10/27/2014Common Stock459,1831  
PDS Biotechnology CorporationWarrant8/28/2014Common Stock3,929390 1 
(4)
Subtotal: Drug Delivery (0.00%)*
465 1 
Drug Discovery & Development
Acacia Pharma Inc.Warrant6/29/2018Common Stock201,330304  
(5)(10)
ADMA Biologics, Inc.Warrant2/24/2014Common Stock58,000166 10 
(4)
Akero Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant6/15/2022Common Stock18,36056 674 
(4)(10)
Albireo Pharma, Inc.Warrant6/8/2020Common Stock5,31161 31 
(4)(10)
AmplifyBio, LLCWarrant12/27/2022Class A Units69,239238 256 
(15)
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
101

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant9/25/2020Common Stock40,396$880 $1,590 
(4)(10)(12)(16)
Cellarity, Inc.Warrant12/8/2021Preferred Series B100,000287 318 
(15)
Century Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant9/14/2020Common Stock16,11237 3 
(4)
Dermavant Sciences Ltd.Warrant5/31/2019Common Stock223,642101 199 
(5)(10)
enGene, Inc.Warrant12/30/2021Preferred Series 3133,69272 28 
(5)(10)(12)
Evofem Biosciences, Inc.Warrant6/11/2014Common Stock520266  
(4)
Fresh Tracks Therapeutics, Inc. (p.k.a. Brickell Biotech, Inc.)Warrant2/18/2016Common Stock200119  
(4)
Kineta, Inc.Warrant12/20/2019Common Stock2,202110  
(4)
Kura Oncology, Inc.Warrant11/2/2022Common Stock14,34288 59 
(4)(10)(15)
Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc.Warrant5/9/2022Common Stock10,131177 1,977 
(4)(10)
Myovant Sciences, Ltd.Warrant10/16/2017Common Stock73,710460 958 
(4)(5)(10)
Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Warrant8/1/2018Common Stock426,866520 34 
(4)
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Warrant9/17/2021Common Stock64,687848 101 
(4)(10)(12)(15)(16)
Provention Bio, Inc.Warrant9/15/2022Common Stock111,934281 677 
(4)
Redshift Bioanalytics, Inc.Warrant3/23/2022Preferred Series E475,51020 21 
(15)
Scynexis, Inc.Warrant5/14/2021Common Stock106,035296 15 
(4)(12)
TG Therapeutics, Inc.Warrant2/28/2019Common Stock231,6131,033 1,084 
(4)(10)(12)
Tricida, Inc.Warrant3/27/2019Common Stock31,352280 1 
(4)
Valo Health, LLCWarrant6/15/2020Common Units102,216256 127 
X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Warrant12/9/2022Common Stock1,392,787510 281 
(4)
Subtotal: Drug Discovery & Development (0.60%)*
7,466 8,444 
Electronics & Computer Hardware
908 Devices, Inc.Warrant3/15/2017Common Stock49,078101 86 
(4)
Locus Robotics Corp.Warrant6/21/2022Common Stock8,51134 212 
Skydio, Inc.Warrant11/8/2021Common Stock622,255557 975 
Subtotal: Electronics & Computer Hardware (0.09%)*
692 1,273 
Healthcare Services, Other
Vida Health, Inc.Warrant3/28/2022Common Stock100,618114 14 
Subtotal: Healthcare Services, Other (0.00%)*
114 14 
Information Services
Capella Space Corp.Warrant10/21/2021Common Stock176,200207 114 
(15)
INMOBI Inc.Warrant11/19/2014Common Stock65,58782  
(5)(10)
NetBase Solutions, Inc.Warrant8/22/2017Preferred Series 160,000356 380 
Signal Media LimitedWarrant6/29/2022Common Stock94,85735 15 
(5)(10)
Subtotal: Information Services (0.04%)*
680 509 
Manufacturing Technology
Bright Machines, Inc.Warrant3/31/2022Common Stock392,308537 1,154 
MacroFab, Inc.Warrant3/23/2022Common Stock1,111,111528 1,202 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Xometry, Inc.Warrant5/9/2018Common Stock87,784$47 $1,800 
(4)
Subtotal: Manufacturing Technology (0.30%)*
1,112 4,156 
Media/Content/Info
Fever Labs, Inc.Warrant12/30/2022Preferred Series E-1221,62235 35 
Subtotal: Media/Content/Info (0.00%)*
35 35 
Medical Devices & Equipment
Aspire Bariatrics, Inc.Warrant1/28/2015Common Stock22,572455  
Flowonix Medical IncorporatedWarrant11/3/2014Preferred Series AA110,946362  
Warrant9/21/2018Preferred Series BB725,806351  
Total Flowonix Medical Incorporated836,752713  
Intuity Medical, Inc.Warrant12/29/2017Preferred Series B-13,076,323294 54 
Lucira Health, Inc.Warrant2/4/2022Common Stock59,642110  
(4)
Outset Medical, Inc.Warrant9/27/2013Common Stock62,794401 864 
(4)
Tela Bio, Inc.Warrant3/31/2017Common Stock15,71261 1 
(4)
Subtotal: Medical Devices & Equipment (0.07%)*
2,034 919 
Semiconductors
Achronix Semiconductor CorporationWarrant6/26/2015Preferred Series D-2750,00099 524 
Fungible, Inc.Warrant12/16/2021Common Stock800,000751  
(15)
Subtotal: Semiconductors (0.04%)*
850 524 
Software
Aria Systems, Inc.Warrant5/22/2015Preferred Series G231,53574  
Automation Anywhere, Inc.Warrant9/23/2022Common Stock254,778448 365 
Bitsight Technologies, Inc.Warrant11/18/2020Common Stock29,691284 398 
Brain CorporationWarrant10/4/2021Common Stock194,629165 61 
(15)
CloudBolt Software, Inc.Warrant9/30/2020Common Stock211,342117 1 
Cloudian, Inc.Warrant11/6/2018Common Stock477,45471 14 
Cloudpay, Inc.Warrant4/10/2018Preferred Series B6,76354 400 
(5)(10)
Convoy, Inc.Warrant3/30/2022Common Stock165,456974 364 
(16)
Couchbase, Inc.Warrant4/25/2019Common Stock105,350462 488 
(4)
Cutover, Inc.Warrant9/21/2022Common Stock102,89826 19 
(5)(10)(12)
Dashlane, Inc.Warrant3/11/2019Common Stock453,641353 168 
Delphix Corp.Warrant10/8/2019Common Stock718,8981,594 2,657 
Demandbase, Inc.Warrant8/2/2021Common Stock727,047545 180 
DNAnexus, Inc.Warrant3/21/2014Preferred Series C909,09197 131 
DroneDeploy, Inc.Warrant6/30/2022Common Stock95,911278 300 
Eigen Technologies Ltd.Warrant4/13/2022Common Stock5228 6 
(5)(10)
Elation Health, Inc.Warrant9/12/2022Common Stock362,837583 382 
Esme Learning Solutions, Inc.Warrant1/27/2022Common Stock56,765198  
Evernote CorporationWarrant9/30/2016Common Stock62,500107 6 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
First Insight, Inc.Warrant5/10/2018Preferred Series B75,917$96 $39 
Fulfil Solutions, Inc.Warrant7/29/2022Common Stock84,995325 314 
Lightbend, Inc.Warrant2/14/2018Preferred Series D89,685131 1 
Mixpanel, Inc.Warrant9/30/2020Common Stock82,362252 225 
Nuvolo Technologies CorporationWarrant3/29/2019Common Stock70,000172 175 
(12)
Poplicus, Inc.Warrant5/28/2014Common Stock132,168  
Reltio, Inc.Warrant6/30/2020Common Stock69,120215 298 
SignPost, Inc.Warrant1/13/2016Series Junior 1 Preferred474,019314  
SingleStore, Inc.Warrant4/28/2020Preferred Series D312,596103 426 
Tact.ai Technologies, Inc.Warrant2/13/2020Common Stock1,041,667206 69 
The Faction Group LLCWarrant11/3/2014Preferred Series AA8,076234 436 
VideoAmp, Inc.Warrant1/21/2022Common Stock152,0481,275 321 
(15)
Subtotal: Software (0.59%)*
9,761 8,244 
Surgical Devices
Gynesonics, Inc.Warrant1/16/2013Preferred Series C16,8357  
TransMedics Group, Inc.Warrant9/11/2015Common Stock14,44039 492 
(4)
Subtotal: Surgical Devices (0.04%)*
46 492 
Sustainable and Renewable Technology
Ampion, PBCWarrant4/15/2022Common Stock18,47252 44 
Fulcrum Bioenergy, Inc.Warrant4/30/2013Preferred Series C-193,63264 275 
Halio, Inc.Warrant4/22/2014Preferred Series A325,000155 126 
Warrant4/7/2015Preferred Series B131,88363 43 
Total Halio, Inc.456,883218 169 
IngredientWerks Holdings, Inc. (p.k.a Agrivida, Inc.)Warrant6/20/2013Preferred Series D471,327120  
Polyera CorporationWarrant3/24/2015Preferred Series C150,036269  
Subtotal: Sustainable and Renewable Technology (0.03%)*
723 488 
Total: Warrant Investments (2.19%)*
$30,964 $30,646 
Total: Investments in Securities (211.21%)*
$3,002,197 $2,960,062 
Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments
Drug Discovery & Development
Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund I C.V.Investment Funds & Vehicles11/16/2020$2,699 $3,080 
(5)(10)(17)
Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund II C.V.Investment Funds & Vehicles6/23/2022419 438 
(5)(10)(17)
Subtotal: Drug Discovery & Development (0.25%)*
$3,118 $3,518 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
104

HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS
December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyType of
Investment
Acquisition Date (4)
Series (3)
Shares
Cost (2)
ValueFootnotes
Software
Liberty Zim Co-Invest L.P.Investment Funds & Vehicles7/21/2022$381 $375 
(5)(10)
Subtotal: Software (0.03%)*
381 375 
Total: Investment Funds & Vehicles Investments (0.28%)*
$3,499 $3,893 
Total: Investments (211.49%)*
$3,005,696 $2,963,955 
*Value as a percent of net assets. The Company uses the Standard Industrial Code for classifying the industry grouping of its portfolio companies.
(1)Interest rate PRIME represents 7.50% as of December 31, 2022. 1-month LIBOR, 3-month LIBOR, and 6-month LIBOR represent, 4.40%, 4.77%, and 5.14%, respectively, as of December 31, 2022.
(2)Gross unrealized appreciation, gross unrealized depreciation, and net unrealized depreciation for federal income tax purposes totaled $72.2 million, $112.0 million, and $39.8 million, respectively. The tax cost of investments is $3.0 billion.
(3)Preferred and common stock, warrants, and equity interests are generally non-income producing.
(4)Except for warrants in 27 publicly traded companies and common stock in 43 publicly traded companies, all investments are restricted as of December 31, 2022 and were valued at fair value using Level 3 significant unobservable inputs as determined in good faith by the Company’s Board.
(5)Non-U.S. company or the company’s principal place of business is outside the United States.
(6)[Reserved]
(7)Control investment as defined under the 1940 Act in which Hercules owns at least 25% of the company’s voting securities or has greater than 50% representation on its board.
(8)Debt is on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2022, and is therefore considered non-income producing. Note that only the PIK portion is on non-accrual for the Company’s debt investment in Tectura Corporation and Pineapple Energy LLC.
(9)Denotes that all or a portion of the debt investment is convertible debt.
(10)Indicates assets that the Company deems not “qualifying assets” under section 55(a) of 1940 Act. Qualifying assets must represent at least 70% of the Company’s total assets at the time of acquisition of any additional non-qualifying assets.
(11)Denotes that all or a portion of the debt investment is pledged as collateral under the SMBC Facility (as defined in “Note 5 — Debt”).
(12)Denotes that all or a portion of the investment is pledged as collateral under the MUFG Bank Facility (as defined in “Note 5 — Debt”).
(13)Denotes that all or a portion of the debt investment secures the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes (as defined in “Note 5 — Debt”).
(14)Denotes that all or a portion of the debt investment principal includes accumulated PIK interest and is net of repayments.
(15)Denotes that all or a portion of the investment in this portfolio company is held by Hercules Capital IV, L.P., the Company’s wholly owned small business investment company.
(16)Denotes that the fair value of the Company’s total investments in this portfolio company represent greater than 5% of the Company’s total net assets as of December 31, 2022.
(17)Denotes that there is an unfunded contractual commitment available at the request of this portfolio company as of December 31, 2022. Refer to “Note 11 — Commitments and Contingencies”.
(18)Denotes unitranche debt with first lien “last-out” senior secured position and security interest in all assets of the portfolio company whereby the “last-out” portion will be subordinated to the “first-out” portion in a liquidation, sale or other disposition.
(19)Denotes second lien senior secured debt.
(20)Denotes all or a portion of the public equity or warrant investment was acquired in a transaction exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 (“Securities Act”) and may be deemed to be “restricted securities” under the Securities Act.
(21)Denotes investment in a non-voting security in the form of a promissory note. The terms of the notes provide the Company with a lien on the issuers' shares of Common Stock in portfolio company Black Crow AI, Inc., subject to release upon repayment of the outstanding balance of the notes. As of December 31, 2022, the Black Crow AI, Inc. affiliates promissory notes had an outstanding balance of $3.0 million.
(22)Denotes the security holds rights to royalty fee income associated with certain products of the portfolio company. The approximate cost and fair value of the royalty contract are $4.6 million and $3.4 million, respectively.
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Description of Business
Hercules Capital, Inc. (the “Company”) is a specialty finance company focused on providing senior secured loans to high-growth, innovative venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies in a variety of technology, life sciences, and sustainable and renewable technology industries. The Company sources its investments through its principal office, which was located in Palo Alto, CA until February 12, 2024 and in San Mateo, CA thereafter and presently, as well as through its additional offices in Boston, MA, New York, NY, Bethesda, MD, San Diego, CA, Denver, CO, and London, United Kingdom. The Company was incorporated under the General Corporation Law of the State of Maryland in December 2003.
The Company is an internally managed, non-diversified closed-end investment company that has elected to be regulated as a Business Development Company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. From incorporation through December 31, 2005, the Company was subject to tax as a corporation under Subchapter C of the Code. Effective January 1, 2006, the Company elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code (see “Note 6 – Income Taxes”).
The Company is not registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”). The Company has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”), pursuant to Rule 4.5 under the CEA. The Company is not, therefore, subject to registration or regulation as a “commodity pool operator” under the CEA.
Hercules Capital IV, L.P. (“HC IV”) is our wholly owned Delaware limited partnership that was formed in December 2010. HC IV received a license to operate as a Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) under the authority of the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) on October 27, 2020. SBICs are subject to a variety of regulations concerning, among other things, the size and nature of the companies in which they may invest and the structure of those investments. Hercules Technology SBIC Management, LLC (“HTM”), is a wholly owned limited liability company subsidiary of the Company, which was formed in November 2003 and serves as the general partner of HC IV.
The Company has also established certain wholly owned subsidiaries, all of which are structured as Delaware corporations or Limited Liability Companies (“LLCs”), to hold portfolio companies organized as LLCs (or other forms of pass-through entities). These subsidiaries are consolidated for financial reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Certain of the subsidiaries are taxable and not consolidated with Hercules for income tax purposes and may generate income tax expense, or benefit, and tax assets and liabilities as a result of their ownership of certain portfolio investments.
The Company formed Hercules Capital Management LLC and Hercules Adviser LLC in 2020 as wholly owned Delaware limited liability subsidiaries. The Company was granted no-action relief by the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to allow Hercules Adviser LLC (the "Adviser Subsidiary") to register as a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”). The Adviser Subsidiary provides investment advisory and related services to investment vehicles (“Adviser Funds”) owned by one or more unrelated third-party investors (“External Parties”). The Adviser Subsidiary is owned by Hercules Capital Management LLC and collectively held and presented with Hercules Partner Holdings, LLC, which separately wholly owns the general partnership vehicles to each of the Adviser Funds.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S GAAP and pursuant to Regulation S-X. The Company’s functional currency is U.S. dollars (“USD”) and these consolidated financial statements have been prepared in that currency.
As an investment company, the Company follows accounting and reporting guidance as set forth in Topic 946, Financial Services – Investment Companies (“ASC Topic 946”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board's (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification, as amended (“ASC”). As provided under Regulation S-X and ASC Topic 946, the Company will not consolidate its investment in a portfolio company other than an investment company subsidiary or a controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company. Rather, an investment company’s interest in portfolio companies that are not investment companies should be measured at fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 946. The Adviser Subsidiary is not an investment company as defined in ASC Topic 946 and further, the Adviser Subsidiary provides investment advisory services exclusively to the Adviser Funds which are owned
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by External Parties. As such pursuant to ASC Topic 946, the Adviser Subsidiary is accounted for as a portfolio investment of the Company held at fair value and is not consolidated.
Financial statements prepared on a U.S. GAAP basis require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income, expenses, gains and losses during the reported periods. Changes in the economic and regulatory environment, financial markets, the credit worthiness of our portfolio companies, other macro-economic developments (for example, global pandemics, natural disasters, terrorism, international conflicts and war), and any other parameters used in determining these estimates and assumptions could cause actual results to differ from these estimates and assumptions.
Principles of Consolidation
The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company, its consolidated subsidiaries, and all Variable Interest Entities (“VIE”) of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
A VIE is an entity that either (i) has insufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or (ii) has equity investors who lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party with both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb the losses or the right to receive benefits that could be significant to the VIE.
To assess whether the Company has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, the Company considers all the facts and circumstances including its role in establishing the VIE and its ongoing rights and responsibilities. This assessment includes identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities. In general, the party that makes the most significant decisions affecting the VIE is determined to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE. To assess whether the Company has the obligation to absorb the losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE, the Company considers all of its economic interests, including debt and equity interests, servicing rights and fee arrangements, and any other variable interests in the VIE. If the Company determines that it is the party with the power to make the most significant decisions affecting the VIE, and the Company has a potentially significant interest in the VIE, then it consolidates the VIE.
The Company performs periodic reassessments, usually quarterly, of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. The reassessment process considers whether the Company has acquired or divested the power to direct the activities of the VIE through changes in governing documents or other circumstances. The Company also reconsiders whether entities previously determined not to be VIEs have become VIEs, based on certain events, and therefore are subject to the VIE consolidation framework.
The Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included the accounts of the securitization trust, a VIE, formed in 2022 in conjunction with the issuance of the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes (as defined in “Note 5 – Debt”). The Company held no interests in a VIE as of December 31, 2021. The assets of the Company's securitization VIE are restricted to be used to settle obligations of its consolidated securitization VIE, which are disclosed parenthetically on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. The liabilities are the only obligations of its consolidated securitization VIE, and the creditors (or beneficial interest holders) do not have recourse to the Company's general credit.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company follows guidance in ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC Topic 820”), where fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 establishes a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities and outlines a three-tier hierarchy which maximizes the use of observable market data input and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs to establish a classification of fair value measurements. Inputs refer broadly to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including assumptions about risk, such as the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique used to measure fair value using a pricing model and/or the risk inherent in the inputs for the valuation technique. Inputs may be observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the information available. The inputs or methodology used for valuing assets or liabilities may not be an indication of the risks associated with investing in those assets or liabilities. ASC Topic 820 also requires disclosure for fair value measurements based on the level within the hierarchy of the information used in the valuation. ASC Topic 820 applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value.
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The Company categorizes all investments recorded at fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820 based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Hierarchical levels, defined by ASC Topic 820 and directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuation of these assets and liabilities, are as follows:
Level 1—Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets at the measurement date. The types of assets carried at Level 1 fair value generally are equities listed in active markets.
Level 2—Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset in connection with market data at the measurement date and for the extent of the instrument’s anticipated life. Fair valued assets that are generally included in this category are publicly held debt investments and warrants held in a public company.
Level 3—Inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset at the measurement date. It includes prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Generally, assets carried at fair value and included in this category are the debt investments and warrants and equities held in a private company.
Valuation of Investments
The most significant estimate inherent in the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements is the valuation of investments and the related amounts of unrealized appreciation and depreciation of investments recorded.
As of December 31, 2023, approximately 95.1% of the Company’s total assets represented investments in portfolio companies whose fair value is determined in good faith by the Company's Valuation Committee and approved by the Board. Fair Value, as defined in Section 2(a)(41) of the 1940 Act, is (i) the market price for those securities for which a market quotation is readily available and (ii) for all other securities and assets, fair value is as determined in good faith by the valuation designee of the Board. The Company’s investments are carried at fair value in accordance with the 1940 Act and ASC Topic 946 and measured in accordance with ASC Topic 820. The Company’s debt securities are primarily invested in venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies in technology-related industries including technology, drug discovery and development, biotechnology, life sciences, healthcare, and sustainable and renewable technology at all stages of development. Given the nature of lending to these types of businesses, substantially all of the Company’s investments in these portfolio companies are considered Level 3 assets under ASC Topic 820 because there generally is no known or accessible market or market indexes for these investment securities to be traded or exchanged. As such, the Company values substantially all of its investments at fair value as determined in good faith pursuant to a consistent valuation policy established by the Board in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 820 and the 1940 Act. Due to the inherent uncertainty in determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the Company’s investments determined in good faith by the Company's Valuation Committee and approved by the Board may differ significantly from the value that would have been used had a readily available market existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.
In accordance with procedures established by its Board, the Company values investments on a quarterly basis following a multistep valuation process. Pursuant to the amended SEC Rule 2a-5 of the 1940 Act, the Board has designated the Company’s Valuation Committee as the “valuation designee”. The quarterly Board approved multi-step valuation process is described below:
(1)The Company’s quarterly valuation process begins with each portfolio company being initially valued by the investment professionals responsible for the portfolio investment;
(2)Preliminary valuation conclusions and business-based assumptions, along with any applicable fair value marks provided by an independent firm, are reviewed with the Company’s investment committee and certain member(s) of credit group as necessary;
(3)The Valuation Committee reviews the preliminary valuations recommended by the investment committee and certain member(s) of the credit group of each investment in the portfolio and determines the fair value of each investment in the Company’s portfolio in good faith and recommends the valuation determinations to the Audit Committee of the Board;
(4)The Audit Committee of the Board provides oversight of the quarterly valuation process in accordance with Rule 2a-5, which includes a review of the quarterly reports prepared by the Valuation Committee, reviews the fair valuation determinations made by the Valuation Committee, and approves such valuations for inclusion in public reporting and disclosures, as appropriate; and
(5)The Board, upon the recommendation of the Audit Committee, discusses valuations and approves the fair value of each investment in the Company’s portfolio.
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Investments purchased within the preceding two calendar quarters before the valuation date and debt investments with remaining maturities within 12 months or less may each be valued at cost with interest accrued or discount accreted/premium amortized to the date of maturity, unless such valuation, in the judgment of the Company, does not represent fair value. In this case such investments shall be valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Valuation Committee and approved by the Board. Investments that are not publicly traded or whose market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Valuation Committee and approved by the Board.
As part of the overall process noted above, the Company engages one or more independent valuation firm(s) to provide management with assistance in determining the fair value of selected portfolio investments each quarter. In selecting which portfolio investments to engage an independent valuation firm, the Company considers a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the potential for material fluctuations in valuation results, size, credit quality, and the time lapse since the last valuation of the portfolio investment by an independent valuation firm. The scope of services rendered by the independent valuation firm is at the discretion of the Valuation Committee and subject to approval of the Board, and the Company may engage an independent valuation firm to value all or some of our portfolio investments. In determining the fair value of a portfolio investment in good faith, the Company recognizes these determinations are made using the best available information that is knowable or reasonably knowable. In addition, changes in the market environment, portfolio company performance and other events that may occur over the duration of the investments may cause the gains or losses ultimately realized on these investments to be materially different than the valuations currently assigned. The change in fair value of each individual investment is recorded as an adjustment to the investment's fair value and the change is reflected in unrealized appreciation or depreciation.
Debt Investments
The Company’s debt securities are primarily invested in venture capital-backed and institutional-backed companies in technology-related industries including technology, drug discovery and development, biotechnology, life sciences, healthcare, and sustainable and renewable technology at all stages of development. Given the nature of lending to these types of businesses, substantially all of the Company’s investments in these portfolio companies are considered Level 3 assets under ASC Topic 820 because there generally is no known or accessible market or market indexes for debt instruments for these investment securities to be traded or exchanged. The Company may, from time to time, invest in public debt of companies that meet the Company’s investment objectives, and to the extent market quotations or other pricing indicators (i.e. broker quotes) are available, these investments are considered Level 1 or 2 assets in line with ASC Topic 820.
In making a good faith determination of the value of the Company’s investments, the Company generally starts with the cost basis of the investment, which includes the value attributed to the original issue discount (“OID”), if any, and payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest or other receivables which have been accrued as earned. The Company then applies the valuation methods as set forth below.
The Company assumes the sale of each debt security in a hypothetical market to a hypothetical market participant where buyers and sellers are willing participants. The hypothetical market does not include scenarios where the underlying security was simply repaid or extinguished, but includes an exit concept. The Company determines the yield at inception for each debt investment. The Company then uses senior secured, leveraged loan yields provided by third party providers to calibrate the change in market yields between inception of the debt investment and the measurement date. Industry specific indices and other relevant market data are used to benchmark and assess market-based movements for reasonableness. As part of determining the fair value, the Company also evaluates the collateral for recoverability of the debt investments. The Company considers each portfolio company’s credit rating, security liens and other characteristics of the investment to adjust the baseline yield to derive a credit adjusted hypothetical yield for each investment as of the measurement date. The anticipated future cash flows from each investment are then discounted at the hypothetical yield to estimate each investment’s fair value as of the measurement date. The Company’s process includes an analysis of, among other things, the underlying investment performance, the current portfolio company’s financial condition and market changing events that impact valuation, estimated remaining life, current market yield and interest rate spreads of similar securities as of the measurement date.
The Company values debt securities that are traded on a public exchange at the prevailing market price as of the valuation date. For syndicated debt investments, for which sufficient market data is available and liquidity, the Company values debt securities using broker quotes and bond indices amongst other factors. If there is a significant deterioration of the credit quality of a debt investment, the Company may consider other factors to estimate fair value, including the proceeds that would be received in a liquidation analysis.
The Company records unrealized depreciation on investments when it believes that an investment has decreased in value, including where collection of a debt investment is doubtful or, if under the in-exchange premise, when the value of a debt investment is less than amortized cost of the investment. Conversely, where appropriate, the Company records
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unrealized appreciation if it believes that the underlying portfolio company has appreciated in value and, therefore, that its investment has also appreciated in value or, if under the in-exchange premise, the value of a debt investment is greater than amortized cost.
When originating a debt instrument, the Company generally receives warrants or other equity securities from the borrower. The Company determines the cost basis of the warrants or other equity securities received based upon their respective fair values on the date of receipt in proportion to the total fair value of the debt and warrants or other equity securities received. Any resulting discount on the debt investments from recording warrant or other equity instruments is accreted into interest income over the life of the debt investment.
Equity Securities and Warrants
Securities that are traded in the over-the-counter markets or on a stock exchange will be valued at the prevailing bid price at period end. The Company has a limited amount of equity securities in public companies. In accordance with the 1940 Act, unrestricted publicly traded securities for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the closing market quote on the measurement date.
At each reporting date, privately held warrant and equity securities are valued based on an analysis of various factors including, but not limited to, the portfolio company’s operating performance and financial condition, general market conditions, price to enterprise value or price to equity ratios, discounted cash flow, valuation comparisons to comparable public companies or other industry benchmarks. When an external event occurs, such as a purchase transaction, public offering, or subsequent equity sale, the pricing indicated by that external event is utilized to corroborate the Company’s valuation of the warrant and equity securities. The Company periodically reviews the valuation of its portfolio companies that have not been involved in a qualifying external event to determine if the enterprise value of the portfolio company may have increased or decreased since the last valuation measurement date. Absent a qualifying external event, the Company estimates the fair value of warrants using a Black Scholes OPM. For certain privately held equity securities, the income approach is used, in which the Company converts future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a net present value. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. In following these approaches, the types of factors that the Company may take into account include, as relevant: applicable market yields and multiples, the portfolio company’s capital structure, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio company’s ability to make payments, its earnings and discounted cash flows, and enterprise value among other factors.
Investment Funds & Vehicles
The Company applies the practical expedient provided by the ASC Topic 820 relating to investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value per share (or its equivalent). ASC Topic 820 permits an entity holding investments in certain entities that either are investment companies, or have attributes similar to an investment company, and calculate NAV per share or its equivalent for which the fair value is not readily determinable, to measure the fair value of such investments on the basis of that NAV per share, or its equivalent, without adjustment. Investments which are valued using NAV per share as a practical expedient are not categorized within the fair value hierarchy as per ASC Topic 820.
Derivative Instruments
The Company's derivative instruments include foreign currency forward contracts. The Company recognizes all derivative instruments as assets or liabilities at fair value in its consolidated financial statements. Derivative contracts entered into by the Company are not designated as hedging instruments, and as a result, the Company presents changes in fair value through net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on non-control/non-affiliate investments in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Realized gains and losses of the derivative instruments are included in net realized gains (losses) on non-control/non-affiliate investments in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The net cash flows realized on settlement of derivatives are included in realized (gain) loss in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents consist solely of funds deposited with financial institutions and short-term liquid investments in money market deposit accounts. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. As of December 31, 2023, the Company held $804 thousand (Cost basis $842 thousand) of foreign cash. As of December 31, 2022, the Company held $1,178 thousand (Cost basis $1,168 thousand) of foreign cash. Restricted cash includes amounts that are held as collateral securing certain of the Company’s financing transactions, including amounts held in a securitization trust by trustees related to its 2031 Asset-Backed Notes (refer to “Note 5 – Debt”).
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Other Assets
Other assets generally consist of prepaid expenses, debt issuance costs on our Credit Facilities net of accumulated amortization, fixed assets net of accumulated depreciation, deferred revenues and deposits and other assets, including escrow and other investment related receivables.
Escrow Receivables
Escrow receivables are collected in accordance with the terms and conditions of the escrow agreement. Escrow balances are typically distributed over a period greater than one year and may accrue interest during the escrow period. Escrow balances are measured for collectability on at least a quarterly basis and fair value is determined based on the amount of the estimated recoverable balances and the contractual maturity date.
Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, and operating lease liability obligations in our Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. The Company recognizes a ROU asset and an operating lease liability for all leases, with the exception of short-term leases which have a term of 12 months or less. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liability obligations represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components and has separated these components when determining the ROU assets and the related lease liabilities. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company estimated its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. The ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives and lease direct costs. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. See “Note 11 – Commitments and Contingencies”.
Investment Income Recognition
The Company’s investment portfolio generates interest, fee, and dividend income. The Company records interest income on an accrual basis, recognizing income as earned in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement, to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected. The Company’s Structured Debt investments may generate OID. The OID received upfront typically represents the value of detachable equity, warrants, or another asset obtained in conjunction with the acquisition of debt securities. The OID is accreted into interest income over the term of the loan as a yield enhancement following the effective interest method. Additionally, certain debt investments in the Company’s portfolio earn PIK interest. The Company records PIK interest in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement, to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected. Contractual PIK interest represents contractually deferred interest that is added to the loan balance as principal and is generally due at the end of the loan term.
The Company’s loan origination activities generate fee income, which is generally collected in advance and includes loan commitment, facility fees for due diligence and structuring, as well as fees for transaction services and management services rendered by the Company to portfolio companies and other third parties. Loan commitment and facility fees are capitalized and then amortized into income over the contractual life of the loan using the effective interest method. One-off fees for transaction and management services are generally recognized as income in the period when the services are rendered. The Company may also earn loan exit fees, which are contractual fees that are generally received upon the earlier of maturity or prepayment. The Company accretes loan exit fees into interest income following the effective interest method, recognizing income as earned in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement, to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected.
From time to time, additional fees may be earned by the Company relating to specific loan modifications, prepayments, or other one-off events. These non-recurring fees are either amortized into fee income over the remaining term of the loan commencing in the quarter for loan modifications, or recognized currently as one-time fee income for items such as prepayment penalties, fees related to select covenant default waiver fees, and acceleration of previously deferred loan fees and OID related to early loan pay-off or material modification of the specific debt outstanding.
Debt investments are placed on non-accrual status when it is probable that principal, interest or fees will not be collected according to contractual terms. When a debt investment is placed on non-accrual status, the Company ceases to recognize interest and fee income until the portfolio company has paid all principal and interest due or demonstrated the ability to repay its current and future contractual obligations to the Company. The Company may determine to continue to
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accrue interest on a loan where the investment has sufficient collateral value to collect all of the contractual amount due and is in the process of collection. Interest collected on non-accrual investments are generally applied to principal.
Realized Gains or Losses
Realized gains or losses are measured by the difference between the net proceeds from the sale or other realization event and the cost basis of the investment using the specific identification method without regard to unrealized appreciation or depreciation previously recognized, and includes investments charged off during the period, net of recoveries.
Secured Borrowings
The Company follows the guidance in ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing (“ASC Topic 860”), when accounting for participation and other partial loan sales. Certain loan sales do not qualify for sale accounting under ASC Topic 860 because these sales do not meet the definition of a “participating interest”, as defined in the guidance, in order for sale accounting treatment to be allowed. Participations or other partial loan sales which do not meet the definition of a participating interest, or which are not eligible for sale accounting treatment remain as an investment on the consolidated balance sheet as required under U.S. GAAP and the proceeds are recorded as a secured borrowing. Secured borrowings are carried at fair value.
Equity Offering Expenses
The Company’s offering expenses are charged against the proceeds from equity offerings when received as a reduction of capital upon completion of an offering of registered securities.
Debt
The debt of the Company is carried at amortized cost which is comprised of the principal amount borrowed net of any unamortized discount and debt issuance costs. Discounts and issuance costs are accreted to interest expense and loan fees, respectively, using the straight-line method, which closely approximates the effective yield method, over the remaining life of the underlying debt obligations (see “Note 5 - Debt”). Accrued but unpaid interest is included within Accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. In the event that the debt is extinguished, either partially or in full, before maturity, the Company recognizes the gain or loss in the Consolidated Statements of Operations within net realized gains (losses) as a “Loss on extinguishment of debt”.
Debt Issuance Costs
Debt issuance costs are fees and other direct incremental costs incurred by the Company in obtaining debt financing and are recognized as prepaid expenses and amortized over the life of the related debt instrument using the effective yield method or the straight-line method, which closely approximates the effective yield method. In accordance with ASC Subtopic 835-30, Interest – Imputation of Interest, debt issuance costs are presented as a reduction to the associated liability balance on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities, except for debt issuance costs associated with line-of-credit arrangements.
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company has issued and may, from time to time, issue stock options, restricted stock, and other stock-based compensation awards to employees and directors. Management follows the guidance set forth under ASC Topic 718, to account for stock-based compensation awards granted. Under ASC Topic 718, compensation expense associated with stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the vesting period. Determining the appropriate fair value model and calculating the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date requires judgment. This includes certain assumptions such as stock price volatility, forfeiture rate, expected outcome probability, and expected option life, as applicable to each award. In accordance with ASC Topic 480, certain stock awards are classified as a liability. The compensation expense associated with these awards is recognized in the same manner as all other stock-based compensation. The award liability is recorded as deferred compensation and included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740 Income Taxes, under which income taxes are provided for amounts currently payable and for amounts deferred based upon the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities given the provisions of the enacted tax law. Valuation allowances may be used to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount likely to be realized.
Because taxable income as determined in accordance with U.S. federal tax regulations differ from U.S. GAAP, taxable income generally differs from net income for financial reporting purposes due to temporary and permanent differences in the recognition of income and expenses, and generally excludes net unrealized appreciation or depreciation,
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as such gains or losses are not included in taxable income until they are realized. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their appropriate tax character. Permanent differences may also result from the change in the classification of certain items, such as the treatment of short-term gains as ordinary income for tax purposes. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gains or losses are recognized at some time in the future for tax or U.S. GAAP purposes.
The Company has elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. To qualify as a RIC, the Company is required to meet certain income and asset tests in addition to distributing dividends of an amount generally at least equal to 90% of its investment company taxable income, as defined by the Code and determined without regard to any deduction for distributions paid, to its stockholders. See “Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” for additional information.
As a RIC, the Company is subject to a 4% non-deductible U.S. federal excise tax on certain undistributed income unless the Company makes distributions treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes in a timely manner to its stockholders in respect of each calendar year of an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income (adjusted for certain ordinary losses) for the 1-year period ending October 31 of each such calendar year and (3) any ordinary income and capital gain net income realized, but not distributed, in preceding calendar years. The Company will not be subject to this excise tax on any amount on which the Company incurred U.S. federal income tax (such as the tax imposed on a RIC’s retained net capital gains).
The amount to be paid out as a distribution is determined by the Board each quarter and is based upon the annual earnings estimated by the management of the Company. To the extent that the Company's earnings fall below the amount of the dividend distributions declared, however, a portion of the total amount of the Company's distributions for the fiscal year may be deemed a return of capital.
Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a taxable year, the Company may choose to carry over taxable income in excess of current taxable year distributions from such taxable income into the next taxable year and incur a 4% excise tax on such taxable income, as required. The maximum amount of excess taxable income that may be carried over for distribution in the next taxable year under the Code is the total amount of distributions paid in the following taxable year, subject to certain declaration and payment guidelines. To the extent the Company chooses to carry over taxable income into the next taxable year, distributions declared and paid by the Company in a taxable year may differ from the Company’s taxable income for that taxable year as such distributions may include the distribution of current taxable year taxable income, the distribution of prior taxable year taxable income carried over into and distributed in the current taxable year, or returns of capital. The Company intends to timely distribute to its stockholders substantially all of its annual taxable income for each year, except that it may retain certain net capital gains for reinvestment and, depending upon the level of taxable income earned in a year, it may choose to carry forward taxable income for distribution in the following year and pay any applicable U.S. federal excise tax.
Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net earnings applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Common shares outstanding includes common stock and restricted stock for which no future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock. Diluted EPS includes the determinants of basic EPS and, in addition, reflects the dilutive effect of the common stock deliverable pursuant to stock options and to restricted stock for which future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock. In accordance with ASC 260-10-45-60A, the Company uses the two-class method in the computation of basic EPS and diluted EPS, if applicable.
Comprehensive Income
The Company reports all changes in comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company did not have other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, or 2021. The Company’s comprehensive income is equal to its net increase in net assets resulting from operations.
Distributions
Distributions to common stockholders are approved by the Board on a quarterly basis and the distribution payable is recorded on the ex-dividend date. The Company maintains an “opt out” dividend reinvestment plan that provides for reinvestment of the Company’s distribution on behalf of the Company’s stockholders, unless a stockholder elects to receive cash. As a result, if the Company declares a distribution, cash distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional shares of its common stock unless the stockholder specifically “opts out” of the dividend reinvestment plan and chooses to receive cash distributions.
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Segments
The Company lends to and invests in portfolio companies in various technology-related industries including technology, drug discovery and development, biotechnology, life sciences, healthcare, and sustainable and renewable technology. The Company separately evaluates the performance of each of its lending and investment relationships. However, because each of these loan and investment relationships has similar business and economic characteristics, they have been aggregated into a single reportable segment.
3. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value estimates are made at discrete points in time based on relevant information. These estimates may be subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and, therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis are categorized in the tables below based upon the lowest level of significant input to the valuations as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
(in thousands)Balance as of
December 31,
2023
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Description
Cash and cash equivalents
Money Market Fund (1)
$56,000 $56,000 $ $ 
Other assets
Escrow and Other Investment Receivables $10,888 $— $— $10,888 
Investments
Senior Secured Debt$2,987,577 $— $— $2,987,577 
Unsecured Debt69,722 — — 69,722 
Preferred Stock53,038 — — 53,038 
Common Stock (2)
99,132 57,342 — 41,790 
Warrants33,969 — 11,881 22,088 
$3,243,438 $57,342 $11,881 $3,174,215 
Investment Funds & Vehicles measured at Net Asset Value (3)
4,608 
Total Investments, at fair value$3,248,046 
Derivative Instruments (4)
$(766)
Total Investments including cash and cash equivalents and derivative instruments$3,303,280 
(in thousands)Balance as of
December 31,
2022
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Description
Other assets
Escrow Receivables$875 $— $— $875 
Investments
Senior Secured Debt$2,741,388 $— $— $2,741,388 
Unsecured Debt54,056 — — 54,056 
Preferred Stock41,488 — — 41,488 
Common Stock(2)
92,484 66,027 1,398 25,059 
Warrants30,646 — 11,227 19,419 
$2,960,062 $66,027 $12,625 $2,881,410 
Investment Funds & Vehicles measured at Net Asset Value (3)
3,893 
Total Investments, at fair value$2,963,955 
(1)This investment is included in Cash and cash equivalents in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.
(2)Common Stock includes non-voting security in the form of a promissory note with a lien on shares of issuer's Common Stock.
(3)In accordance with U.S. GAAP, certain investments are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and are not categorized within the fair value hierarchy as per ASC 820. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.
(4)Derivative Instruments are carried at fair value and a level 2 security within the Company's fair value hierarchy.
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The table below presents a reconciliation of changes for all financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, excluding accrued interest components, using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
(in thousands)Balance as of
January 1, 2023
Net Realized Gains (Losses) (1)
Net Change in Unrealized
Appreciation (Depreciation) (2)
Purchases (5)
Sales
Repayments (6)
Gross
Transfers
into
Level 3 (3)
Gross
Transfers
out of
Level 3 (3)
Balance as of
December 31, 2023
Investments
Senior Secured Debt$2,741,388 $(5,350)$17,277 $1,264,689 $ $(990,448)$ $(39,979)$2,987,577 
Unsecured Debt54,056  4,268 11,398     69,722 
Preferred Stock41,488 (3,441)(1,123)2,851   13,263  53,038 
Common Stock25,059  11,325 6,000 (594)   41,790 
Warrants19,419 (4,295)4,825 3,894 (1,755)   22,088 
Other Assets
Escrow and Other Investment Receivable875 65 (17,022)537 (283) 26,716  10,888 
Total$2,882,285 $(13,021)$19,550 $1,289,369 $(2,632)$(990,448)$39,979 $(39,979)$3,185,103 
(in thousands)Balance as of
January 1, 2022
Net Realized Gains (Losses) (1)
Net Change in Unrealized
Appreciation (Depreciation) (2)
Purchases (5)
Sales
Repayments (6)
Gross
Transfers
into
Level 3 (4)
Gross
Transfers
out of
Level 3 (4)
Balance as of
December 31, 2022
Investments
Senior Secured Debt$2,156,709 $(1,884)$(9,788)$1,145,048 $(84,000)$(461,193)$ $(3,504)$2,741,388 
Unsecured Debt52,890  (2,840)4,006     54,056 
Preferred Stock69,439 7,966 (23,658)5,264 (11,101)  (6,422)41,488 
Common Stock21,968 (74)6,894 25 (19) 207 (3,942)25,059 
Warrants27,477 (624)(12,412)7,494 (2,516)   19,419 
Other Assets
Escrow Receivable561 401 (287)1,148 (948)   875 
Total$2,329,044 $5,785 $(42,091)$1,162,985 $(98,584)$(461,193)$207 $(13,868)$2,882,285 
(1)Included in net realized gains (losses) in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2)Included in net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3)Transfers within Level 3 during the year ended December 31, 2023 related to the conversion of Level 3 debt investments into Level 3 preferred stock investments and other assets.
(4)Transfers out of Level 3 during the year ended December 31, 2022 related to the initial public offerings of Gelesis, Inc., Pineapple Energy, LLC, and the conversion of Level 3 debt investments into common stock investments. Transfers into Level 3 during the year ended December 31, 2022 related to the decline of liquidity of Kaleido Biosciences, Inc. shares.
(5)Amounts listed above are inclusive of loan origination fees received at the inception of the loan which are deferred and amortized into fee income as well as the accretion of existing loan discounts and fees during the period. Escrow receivable purchases may include additions due to proceeds held in escrow from the liquidation of level 3 investments. Amounts are net of purchases assigned to the Adviser Funds.
(6)Amounts listed above include the acceleration and payment of loan discounts and loan fees due to early payoffs or restructures along with regularly scheduled amortization.
The following table presents the net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) recorded for preferred stock, common stock, debt and warrant Level 3 investments relating to assets still held at the reporting date.
(in millions)Year Ended December 31,
20232022
Debt investments$11.5 $(18.9)
Preferred stock(4.6)(19.4)
Common stock11.3 6.8 
Warrant investments1.5 (12.7)
The following tables provide quantitative information about the Company’s Level 3 fair value measurements as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. In addition to the techniques and inputs noted in the tables below, according to the Company’s valuation policy, the Company may also use other valuation techniques and methodologies when determining the Company’s fair value measurements. The tables below are not intended to be all-inclusive, but rather provide information on the significant Level 3 inputs as they relate to the Company’s fair value measurements. See the accompanying Consolidated Schedule of Investments for the fair value of the Company’s investments. The methodology for the determination of the fair value of the Company’s investments is discussed in “Note 2 – Summary of Significant
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Accounting Policies”. The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s escrow receivables is the amount recoverable at the contractual maturity date of the escrow receivable.
Investment Type - Level 3
Debt Investments
Fair Value as of
December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Valuation
Techniques/Methodologies
Unobservable Input (1)
Range
Weighted
Average (2)
Pharmaceuticals$971,775 Market Comparable CompaniesHypothetical Market Yield
10.91% - 21.43%
13.46%
Premium/(Discount)
(1.00)% - 3.50%
0.04%
8,455 
Liquidation (3)
Probability weighting of alternative outcomes
10.00% - 50.00%
41.83%
Technology1,181,823 Market Comparable CompaniesHypothetical Market Yield
11.30% - 20.74%
15.03%
  Premium/(Discount)
(1.00)% - 5.00%
0.47%
23,244 Convertible Note AnalysisProbability weighting of alternative outcomes
1.00% - 50.00%
39.32%
 
Liquidation (3)
Probability weighting of alternative outcomes
100.00% - 100.00%
100.00%
Sustainable and Renewable Technology1,678 Market Comparable CompaniesHypothetical Market Yield
10.75% - 10.75%
10.75%
  Premium/(Discount)
0.75% - 0.75%
0.75%
Lower Middle Market322,162 Market Comparable CompaniesHypothetical Market Yield
12.54% - 20.15%
14.13%
 Premium/(Discount)
(0.75)% - 2.25%
0.56%
Debt Investments for which Cost Approximates Fair Value
431,512 Debt Investments originated within 6 months
54,430 
Imminent Payoffs (4)
62,220 Debt Investments Maturing in Less than One Year
$3,057,299 Total Level 3 Debt Investments
Other Investment Receivables9,648 LiquidationProbability weighting of alternative outcomes
10.00% - 50.00%
41.83%
$3,066,947 -94828000Total Level Three Debt Investments and Other Investment Receivables
(1)The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s debt securities are hypothetical market yields and premiums/(discounts). The hypothetical market yield is defined as the exit price of an investment in a hypothetical market to hypothetical market participants where buyers and sellers are willing participants. The premiums/(discounts) relate to company specific characteristics such as underlying investment performance, security liens, and other characteristics of the investment. Significant increases (decreases) in the inputs in isolation may result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement, depending on the materiality of the investment.
Debt investments in the industries noted in the Company’s Consolidated Schedule of Investments are included in the industries noted above as         follows:
Pharmaceuticals, above, is comprised of debt investments in the “Drug Discovery & Development” and “Healthcare Services, Other” industries.
Technology, above, is comprised of debt investments in the “Communications & Networking”, “Information Services”, “Consumer & Business Services”, “Media/Content/Info” and “Software” industries.
Sustainable and Renewable Technology, above, is comprised of debt investments in the “Sustainable and Renewable Technology” industry.
Lower Middle Market, above, is comprised of debt investments in the “Healthcare Services – Other”, “Consumer & Business Services”, “Diversified Financial Services”, “Sustainable and Renewable Technology”, and “Software” industries.
(2)The weighted averages are calculated based on the fair market value of each investment.
(3)The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of impaired debt securities is the probability weighting of alternative outcomes.
(4)Imminent Payoffs represent debt investments that the Company expects to be fully repaid within the next three months, prior to their scheduled maturity date.
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Investment Type - Level 3
Debt Investments
Fair Value as of
December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Valuation Techniques/Methodologies
Unobservable Input (1)
Range
Weighted
Average (2)
Pharmaceuticals$903,427 Market Comparable CompaniesHypothetical Market Yield
11.74% - 19.04%
15.17%
Premium/(Discount)
(0.75)% - 1.75%
0.01%
Technology967,108 Market Comparable CompaniesHypothetical Market Yield
12.05% - 18.53%
15.21%
Premium/(Discount)
(1.00)% - 1.50%
0.20%
20,356 Convertible Note AnalysisProbability weighting of alternative outcomes
1.00% - 50.00%
35.79%
1,671 
Liquidation (3)
Probability weighting of alternative outcomes
5.00% - 80.00%
48.29%
Sustainable and Renewable Technology3,006 Market Comparable CompaniesHypothetical Market Yield
14.71% - 14.71%
14.71%
Premium/(Discount)
0.75% - 0.75%
0.75%
Lower Middle Market328,393 Market Comparable CompaniesHypothetical Market Yield
13.68% - 18.49%
14.82%
Premium/(Discount)
(2.00)% - 0.75%
(0.43)%
8,042 
Liquidation (3)
Probability weighting of alternative outcomes
20.00% - 80.00%
80.00%
Debt Investments for which Cost Approximates Fair Value
392,168 Debt Investments originated within 6 months
77,676 
Imminent Payoffs(4)
93,597 Debt Investments Maturing in Less than One Year
$2,795,444 Total Level 3 Debt Investments
(1)The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s debt securities are hypothetical market yields and premiums/(discounts). The hypothetical market yield is defined as the exit price of an investment in a hypothetical market to hypothetical market participants where buyers and sellers are willing participants. The premiums/(discounts) relate to company specific characteristics such as underlying investment performance, security liens, and other characteristics of the investment. Significant increases (decreases) in the inputs in isolation may result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement, depending on the materiality of the investment.
Debt investments in the industries noted in the Company’s Consolidated Schedule of Investments are included in the industries noted above as follows:
Pharmaceuticals, above, is comprised of debt investments in the “Drug Discovery & Development” and “Healthcare Services, Other” industries.
Technology, above, is comprised of debt investments in the “Communications & Networking”, “Information Services”, “Consumer & Business Services”, “Media/Content/Info” and “Software” industries.
Sustainable and Renewable Technology, above, is comprised of debt investments in the “Sustainable and Renewable Technology” industry.
Lower Middle Market, above, is comprised of debt investments in the “Healthcare Services – Other”, “Consumer & Business Services”, “Diversified Financial Services”, “Sustainable and Renewable Technology”, and “Software” industries.
(2)The weighted averages are calculated based on the fair market value of each investment.
(3)The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of impaired debt securities is the probability weighting of alternative outcomes.
(4)Imminent payoffs represent debt investments that the Company expects to be fully repaid within the next three months, prior to their scheduled maturity date.
117

Investment Type - Level 3 Equity and Warrant InvestmentsFair Value as of
December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Valuation Techniques/
Methodologies
Unobservable Input (1)
Range
Weighted Average (5)
Equity Investments$52,094 Market Comparable Companies
EBITDA Multiple (2)
12.3x - 12.3x
12.3x
Revenue Multiple (2)
0.3x - 20.1x
7.2x
Tangible Book Value Multiple (2)
1.8x - 1.8x
1.8x
Discount for Lack of Marketability (3)
7.11% - 92.72%
31.57%
11,096 Market Adjusted OPM Backsolve
Market Equity Adjustment (4)
(86.14)% - 32.69%
7.47%
28,713 Discounted Cash Flow
Discount Rate (7)
19.88% - 31.97%
30.51%
2,925 
Other (6)
Warrant Investments19,014 Market Comparable Companies
EBITDA Multiple (2)
12.3x - 12.3x
12.3x
 
Revenue Multiple (2)
0.9x - 10.2x
4.2x
 
Discount for Lack of Marketability (3)
6.21% - 33.12%
21.70%
3,074 Market Adjusted OPM Backsolve
Market Equity Adjustment (4)
(70.67)% - 34.86%
13.17%
 
Other (6)
Total Level 3 Equity and
Warrant Investments
$116,916 
(1)The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s warrant and equity securities are revenue and/or earnings multiples (e.g. EBITDA, EBT, ARR), market equity adjustment factors, and discounts for lack of marketability. Significant increases/(decreases) in the inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher/(lower) fair value measurement, depending on the materiality of the investment. For some investments, additional consideration may be given to data from the last round of financing or merger/acquisition events near the measurement date. The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of impaired equity securities is the probability weighting of alternative outcomes.
(2)Represents amounts used when the Company has determined that market participants would use such multiples when pricing the investments.
(3)Represents amounts used when the Company has determined market participants would take into account these discounts when pricing the investments.
(4)Represents the range of changes in industry valuations since the portfolio company's last external valuation event.
(5)Weighted averages are calculated based on the fair market value of each investment.
(6)The fair market value of these investments is derived based on recent market private market and merger and acquisition transaction prices.
(7)The discount rate used is based on current portfolio yield adjusted for uncertainty of actual performance and timing in capital deployments.
118

Investment Type - Level 3 Equity and Warrant InvestmentsFair Value as of
December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Valuation Techniques/
Methodologies
Unobservable Input (1)
Range
Weighted Average (5)
Equity Investments$30,086 Market Comparable Companies
EBITDA Multiple(2)
12.4x - 12.4x
12.4x
Revenue Multiple(2)
0.7x - 16.1x
7.4x
Tangible Book Value Multiple(2)
1.6x - 1.6x
1.6x
Discount for Lack of Marketability(3)
8.11% - 28.90%
19.79%
13,795 Market Adjusted OPM Backsolve
Market Equity Adjustment(4)
(97.82)% - 16.34%
(16.69)%
19,153 Discounted Cash Flow
Discount Rate(7)
17.72% - 30.13%
24.46%
 Liquidation
Revenue Multiple(2)
2.1x - 2.1x
2.1x
 
Discount for Lack of Marketability(3)
85.00% - 85.00%
85.00%
3,513 
Other(6)
Warrant Investments12,479 Market Comparable Companies
EBITDA Multiple(2)
12.4x - 12.4x
12.4x
Revenue Multiple(2)
0.6x - 8.8x
3.4x
Discount for Lack of Marketability(3)
8.11% - 32.70%
18.97%
6,934 Market Adjusted OPM Backsolve
Market Equity Adjustment(4)
(97.82)% - 66.43%
(8.86)%
 Liquidation
Revenue Multiple(2)
6.2x - 6.2x
6.2x
Discount for Lack of Marketability(3)
90.00% - 90.00%
90.00%
6 
Other(6)
Total Level 3 Equity and Warrant Investments$85,966 
(1)The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s warrant and equity securities are revenue and/or earnings multiples (e.g. EBITDA, EBT, ARR), market equity adjustment factors, and discounts for lack of marketability. Significant increases/(decreases) in the inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher/(lower) fair value measurement, depending on the materiality of the investment. For some investments, additional consideration may be given to data from the last round of financing or merger/acquisition events near the measurement date. The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of impaired equity securities is the probability weighting of alternative outcomes.
(2)Represents amounts used when the Company has determined that market participants would use such multiples when pricing the investments.
(3)Represents amounts used when the Company has determined market participants would take into account these discounts when pricing the investments.
(4)Represents the range of changes in industry valuations since the portfolio company's last external valuation event.
(5)Weighted averages are calculated based on the fair market value of each investment.
(6)The fair market value of these investments is derived based on recent market transactions.
(7)The discount rate used is based on current portfolio yield adjusted for uncertainty of actual performance and timing in capital deployments.
The Company believes that the carrying amounts of its financial instruments, other than investments and debt, which consist of cash and cash equivalents, receivables including escrow receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate the fair values of such items due to the short maturity of such instruments. The debt obligations of the Company are recorded at amortized cost and not at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. The fair value of the Company’s outstanding debt obligations are based on observable market trading prices or quotations and unobservable market rates as applicable for each instrument.
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the 2033 Notes were trading on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") at $25.25 and $24.59 per unit at par value. The par value at underwriting for the 2033 Notes was $25.00 per unit. Based on market quotations on or around December 31, 2023 the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes were quoted for 0.950. The fair values of the SBA debentures, July 2024 Notes, February 2025 Notes, June 2025 Notes, June 2025 3-Year Notes, March 2026 A Notes, March 2026 B Notes, September 2026, and January 2027 Notes are calculated based on the net present value of payments over the term of the notes using estimated market rates for similar notes and remaining terms. The fair values of the outstanding debt under the MUFG Bank Facility and the SMBC Facility are equal to their outstanding principal balances as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
119

The following tables provide additional information about the approximate fair value and level in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023
DescriptionCarrying
Value
Approximate
Fair Value
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
SBA Debentures$170,323 $142,011 $ $ $142,011 
July 2024 Notes104,828 105,755   105,755 
February 2025 Notes49,866 49,144   49,144 
June 2025 Notes69,757 67,198   67,198 
June 2025 3-Year Notes49,771 48,983   48,983 
March 2026 A Notes49,795 47,702   47,702 
March 2026 B Notes49,776 47,759   47,759 
September 2026 Notes322,339 288,711   288,711 
January 2027 Notes345,935 315,832   315,832 
2031 Asset-Backed Notes148,544 142,500  142,500  
2033 Notes38,935 40,400  40,400  
MUFG Bank Facility(1)
61,000 61,000   61,000 
SMBC Facility94,000 94,000   94,000 
Total$1,554,869 $1,450,995 $ $182,900 $1,268,095 
(in thousands)December 31, 2022
DescriptionCarrying
Value
Approximate
Fair Value
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
SBA Debentures$169,738 $155,257 $ $ $155,257 
July 2024 Notes104,533 102,019   102,019 
February 2025 Notes49,751 47,044   47,044 
June 2025 Notes69,595 64,198   64,198 
June 2025 3-Year Notes49,616 47,528   47,528 
March 2026 A Notes49,700 45,512   45,512 
March 2026 B Notes49,673 45,588   45,588 
September 2026 Notes321,358 269,509   269,509 
January 2027 Notes344,604 296,826   296,826 
2031 Asset-Backed Notes147,957 142,620  142,620  
2033 Notes38,826 39,344  39,344  
MUFG Bank Facility(1)
107,000 107,000   107,000 
SMBC Facility72,000 72,000   72,000 
Total$1,574,351 $1,434,445 $ $181,964 $1,252,481 
(1)In June 2022 the MUFG Bank Facility replaced the Union Bank Facility via an amendment which changed the lead lender.
4. Investments
Control and Affiliate Investments
As required by the 1940 Act, the Company classifies its investments by level of control. “Control investments” are defined in the 1940 Act as investments in those companies that the Company is deemed to “control”. Under the 1940 Act, the Company is generally deemed to “control” a company in which it has invested if it owns 25% or more of the voting securities of such company or has greater than 50% representation on its board. “Affiliate investments” are investments in those companies that are “affiliated companies” of the Company, as defined in the 1940 Act, which are not control investments. The Company is deemed to be an “affiliate” of a company in which it has invested if it owns 5% or more, but generally less than 25%, of the voting securities of such company. “Non-control/non-affiliate investments” are investments that are neither control investments nor affiliate investments. For purposes of determining the classification of its investments, the Company has included consideration of any voting securities or board appointment rights held by the Adviser Funds.
120

The following table summarizes the Company’s realized gains and losses and changes in unrealized appreciation and depreciation on control and affiliate investments for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.
(in thousands)For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
Portfolio Company(1)
TypeFair Value as of
December 31, 2023
Interest IncomeFee IncomeNet Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) Realized Gain (Loss)
Control Investments
Coronado Aesthetics, LLCControl$262 $ $ $(57)$ 
Gibraltar Acquisition LLC (3)
Control62,512 3,344 95 9,656  
Hercules Adviser LLC (4)
Control40,713 608  9,560  
Tectura CorporationControl11,517 690  3,475  
Total Control Investments$115,004 $4,642 $95 $22,634 $ 
(in thousands)  For the Year Ended December 31, 2022
Portfolio Company(1)
TypeFair Value as of
December 31, 2022
Interest IncomeFee IncomeNet Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) Realized Gain (Loss)
Control Investments
Coronado Aesthetics, LLCControl$319 $ $ $(246)$ 
Gibraltar Business Capital, LLCControl36,944 3,385 68 (6,968) 
Hercules Adviser LLCControl31,153 546  7,163  
Tectura CorporationControl8,042 690  (227) 
Total Control Investments$76,458 $4,621 $68 $(278)$ 
Affiliate Investments
Black Crow AI, Inc.(2)
Affiliate$ $ $ $(120)$3,772 
Pineapple Energy LLC(2)
Affiliate 1,204  4,209 (2,014)
Total Affiliate Investments$ $1,204 $ $4,089 $1,758 
Total Control & Affiliate Investments$76,458 $5,825 $68 $3,811 $1,758 
(in thousands)  For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
Portfolio Company(1)
TypeFair Value as of
December 31, 2021
Interest
Income
Fee IncomeNet Change in Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) Realized Gain (Loss)
Control Investments
Coronado Aesthetics, LLCControl$565 $ $ $315 $ 
Gibraltar Business Capital, LLCControl43,830 3,178 54 (14,616) 
Hercules Adviser LLCControl20,840 141  11,955  
Tectura CorporationControl8,269 690 5 (331) 
Total Control Investments$73,504 $4,009 $59 $(2,677)$ 
Affiliate Investments
Black Crow AI, Inc.Affiliate$1,120 $ $ $1,905 $ 
Pineapple Energy LLCAffiliate8,338 10  (282) 
Solar Spectrum Holdings LLC (p.k.a. Sungevity, Inc.)Affiliate   62,183 (62,143)
Total Affiliate Investments$9,458 $10 $ $63,806 $(62,143)
Total Control & Affiliate Investments$82,962 $4,019 $59 $61,129 $(62,143)
(1)In accordance with Rules 3-09, 4-08(g), and Rule 10-01(b)(1) of Regulation S-X, (“Rule 3-09”, “Rule 4-08(g)”, and “Rule 10-01(b)(1)”, respectively), the Company must determine if its unconsolidated subsidiaries are considered “significant subsidiaries”. As of December 31, 2023, December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021 there were no unconsolidated subsidiaries that are considered “significant subsidiaries”.
(2)As of September 30, 2022, Black Crow AI, Inc. and Pineapple Energy LLC were no longer affiliates as defined under the 1940 Act.
(3)Gibraltar Acquisition LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary, which is the holding company for their wholly-owned affiliated portfolio companies, Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC and Gibraltar Equipment Finance, LLC. The subsidiary has no significant assets or liabilities, other than their equity and debt investments and equity interest in Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC and Gibraltar Equipment Finance, LLC, respectively.
(4)Hercules Adviser LLC is owned by Hercules Capital Management LLC and presented with Hercules Partner Holdings, LLC which are both wholly owned by the Company. Please refer to “Note 1” for additional disclosure.
121

Portfolio Composition
The following table shows the fair value of the Company’s portfolio of investments by asset class as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Investments at
Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
Investments at
Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
Senior Secured Debt$2,987,577 92.0 %$2,741,388 92.5 %
Unsecured Debt69,722 2.2 %54,056 1.8 %
Preferred Stock53,038 1.6 %41,488 1.4 %
Common Stock99,132 3.1 %92,484 3.1 %
Warrants33,969 1.0 %30,646 1.1 %
Investment Funds & Vehicles4,608 0.1 %3,893 0.1 %
Total$3,248,046 100.0 %$2,963,955 100.0 %
A summary of the Company’s investment portfolio, at value, by geographic location as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is shown as follows:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Investments at
Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
Investments at
Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
United States$2,861,615 88.1 %$2,670,520 90.1 %
United Kingdom222,136 6.9 %171,629 5.8 %
Netherlands89,995 2.8 %88,915 3.0 %
Israel52,868 1.6 %9,052 0.3 %
Canada15,730 0.5 %19,472 0.7 %
Denmark4,173 0.1 % 0.0 %
Germany1,144 0.0 %990 0.0 %
Other385 0.0 %573 0.0 %
Ireland 0.0 %2,804 0.1 %
Total$3,248,046 100.0 %$2,963,955 100.0 %
The following table shows the fair value of the Company’s portfolio by industry sector as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
 Investments at
Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
Investments at
Fair Value
Percentage of
Total Portfolio
Drug Discovery & Development$1,257,699 38.7 %$1,150,707 38.8 %
Software764,985 23.6 %798,264 26.9 %
Consumer & Business Services525,973 16.2 %439,384 14.8 %
Healthcare Services, Other300,079 9.3 %198,763 6.7 %
Communications & Networking29,400 0.9 %101,833 3.5 %
Diversified Financial Services114,722 3.5 %68,569 2.3 %
Information Services126,605 3.9 %60,759 2.1 %
Biotechnology Tools48,381 1.5 %32,825 1.1 %
Manufacturing Technology11,006 0.3 %46,109 1.6 %
Medical Devices & Equipment22,096 0.7 %1,834 0.1 %
Electronics & Computer Hardware20,324 0.6 %21,517 0.7 %
Media/Content/Info12,704 0.4 %35 0.0 %
Sustainable and Renewable Technology9,581 0.3 %15,486 0.5 %
Consumer & Business Products2,589 0.1 %2,821 0.1 %
Semiconductors1,205 0.0 %21,921 0.7 %
Surgical Devices676 0.0 %3,038 0.1 %
Drug Delivery21 0.0 %90 0.0 %
Total$3,248,046 100.0 %$2,963,955 100.0 %
122

No single portfolio investment represents more than 10% of the fair value of the Company’s total investments as of December 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
The Company’s customers are primarily privately held companies and public companies which are active in the “Drug Discovery & Development", "Software”, “Consumer & Business Services”, “Healthcare Services, Other”, and “Communications & Networking” sectors. These sectors are characterized by high margins, high growth rates, consolidation and product and market extension opportunities. Value for companies in these sectors is often vested in intangible assets and intellectual property.
Industry and sector concentrations vary as new loans are recorded and loans are paid off. Loan revenue, consisting of interest, fees, and recognition of gains on equity and warrant or other equity interests, can fluctuate materially when a loan is paid off or a related warrant or equity interest is sold. Revenue recognition in any given year can be highly concentrated among several portfolio companies.
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s ten largest portfolio companies represented approximately 29.7% and 29.0% of the total fair value of the Company’s investments in portfolio companies, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had five and eight portfolio companies, respectively, that represented 5% or more of the Company’s net assets. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had five equity investments representing approximately 56.5% of the total fair value of the Company’s equity investments, and each represented 5% or more of the total fair value of the Company’s equity investments. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had four equity investments which represented approximately 39.8% of the total fair value of the Company’s equity investments, and each represented 5% or more of the total fair value of such investments.
Investment Collateral
In the majority of cases, the Company collateralizes its investments by obtaining a first priority security interest in a portfolio company’s assets, which may include its intellectual property. In other cases, the Company may obtain a negative pledge covering a company’s intellectual property. The Company's investments were collateralized as follows as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
Percentage of debt investments (at fair value), as of
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Senior Secured First Lien
All assets including intellectual property52.3 %42.0 %
All assets with negative pledge on intellectual property24.0 %26.1 %
“Last-out” with security interest in all of the assets12.5 %11.6 %
Total senior secured first lien position88.8 %79.7 %
Second lien8.9 %18.4 %
Unsecured2.3 %1.9 %
Total debt investments at fair value100.0 %100.0 %
Derivative Instruments
The Company enters into forward currency contracts from time to time to help mitigate the impact that an adverse change in foreign exchange rates would have on the value of the Company’s investments denominated in foreign currencies. The following is a summary of the fair value and location of the Company’s derivative instruments in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities held as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)Fair Value
Derivative InstrumentStatement LocationDecember 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Foreign currency forward contractAccounts payable and accrued liabilities$766 $ 
Total$766 $ 
123

Net realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments recorded by the Company during the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are in the following locations in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31,
Derivative InstrumentStatement Location20232022
Foreign currency forward contractNet realized gain (loss) - Non-control / Non-affiliate investments$ $ 
Foreign currency forward contractNet change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) - Non-control / Non-affiliate investments(766) 
Total$(766)$ 
Investment Income
The Company’s investment portfolio generates interest, fee, and dividend income. The composition of the Company’s interest income and fee income is as follows:
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Contractual interest income$351,883 $249,375 $200,682 
Exit fee interest income45,747 32,063 37,494 
PIK interest income24,670 20,455 11,210 
Dividend income1,400   
Other investment income (1)
10,725 5,365 3,974 
Total interest and dividend income$434,425 $307,258 $253,360 
Recurring fee income$8,835 $7,834 $7,458 
Fee income - expired commitments1,695 1,502 3,031 
Accelerated fee income - early repayments15,713 5,094 17,127 
Total fee income$26,243 $14,430 $27,616 
(1)Other interest income includes OID interest income and interest recorded on other assets.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, unamortized capitalized fee income was recorded as follows:
(in millions)As of December 31,
20232022
Offset against debt investment cost$32.9 $43.1 
Deferred obligation contingent on funding or other milestone9.4 10.9 
Total Unamortized Fee Income$42.3 $54.0 
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, loan exit fees receivable were recorded as follows:
(in millions)As of December 31,
20232022
Included within debt investment cost$35.9 $32.5 
Deferred receivable related to expired commitments4.3 5.0 
Total Exit Fees Receivable$40.2 $37.5 
124

5. Debt
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had the following available and outstanding debt:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Total AvailablePrincipal
Carrying Value (1)
Total AvailablePrincipal
Carrying Value (1)
SBA Debentures (2)
$175,000 $175,000 $170,323 $175,000 $175,000 $169,738 
July 2024 Notes105,000 105,000 104,828 105,000 105,000 104,533 
February 2025 Notes50,000 50,000 49,866 50,000 50,000 49,751 
June 2025 Notes70,000 70,000 69,757 70,000 70,000 69,595 
June 2025 3-Year Notes50,000 50,000 49,771 50,000 50,000 49,616 
March 2026 A Notes50,000 50,000 49,795 50,000 50,000 49,700 
March 2026 B Notes50,000 50,000 49,776 50,000 50,000 49,673 
September 2026 Notes325,000 325,000 322,339 325,000 325,000 321,358 
January 2027 Notes350,000 350,000 345,935 350,000 350,000 344,604 
2031 Asset-Backed Notes150,000 150,000 148,544 150,000 150,000 147,957 
2033 Notes40,000 40,000 38,935 40,000 40,000 38,826 
MUFG Bank Facility (2)(3)
400,000 61,000 61,000 545,000 107,000 107,000 
SMBC Facility (2)
400,000 94,000 94,000 225,000 72,000 72,000 
Total$2,215,000 $1,570,000 $1,554,869 $2,185,000 $1,594,000 $1,574,351 
(1)Except for the SMBC Facility and MUFG Bank Facility (f.k.a. Union Bank Facility), all carrying values represent the principal amount outstanding less the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs and unaccreted premium or discount, if any, associated with the debt as of the balance sheet date.
(2)Availability subject to the Company meeting the borrowing base requirements.
(3)In June 2022 the MUFG Bank Facility replaced the Union Bank Facility via an amendment which changed the lead lender.
(4)Includes $175.0 million of available commitment through the letter of credit facility as of December 31, 2023.
Debt issuance costs, net of accumulated amortization, were as follows as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
SBA Debentures$4,677 $5,262 
July 2024 Notes172 467 
February 2025 Notes134 249 
June 2025 Notes243 405 
June 2025 3-Year Notes229 384 
March 2026 A Notes205 300 
March 2026 B Notes224 327 
September 2026 Notes2,661 3,642 
January 2027 Notes4,065 5,396 
2031 Asset-Backed Notes1,456 2,043 
2033 Notes1,065 1,174 
MUFG Bank Facility(1)
3,540 1,292 
SMBC Facility (1)
1,775 1,701 
Total$20,446 $22,642 
(1)The MUFG Bank Facility (f.k.a. Union Bank Facility) and SMBC Facility, are line-of-credit arrangements, the debt issuance costs associated with these instruments are included within Other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities in accordance with ASC Subtopic 835-30.
125

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the components of interest expense, related fees, losses on debt extinguishment and cash paid for interest expense for debt were as follows:
 (in thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2023
Description
Interest expense(1)
Amortization of debt issuance cost (loan fees)Unused facility and other fees (loan fees)Total interest expense and feesCash paid for interest expense
SBA Debentures$4,562 $585 $ $5,147 $4,562 
July 2024 Notes5,009 295  5,304 5,009 
February 2025 Notes2,140 115  2,255 2,140 
June 2025 Notes3,017 162  3,179 3,017 
June 2025 3-Year Notes3,000 155  3,155 3,000 
March 2026 A Notes2,250 95  2,345 2,250 
March 2026 B Notes2,275 103  2,378 2,276 
September 2026 Notes8,697 815  9,512 8,532 
January 2027 Notes12,316 828  13,144 11,812 
2031 Asset-Backed Notes7,613 399  8,012 7,425 
2033 Notes2,500 108  2,608 2,500 
MUFG Bank Facility(2)
5,583 1,770 2,782 10,135 5,948 
SMBC Facility8,658 693 940 10,291 8,678 
Total$67,620 $6,123 $3,722 $77,465 $67,149 
(1)Interest expense includes amortization of original issue discounts for the year ended December 31, 2023, of $166 thousand, $503 thousand, and $188 thousand related to the September 2026 Notes, January 2027 Notes, and 2031 Asset-Backed Notes, respectively.
(2)The June 2022 amendment of the MUFG Bank Facility replaced the Union Bank Facility via an amendment which changed the lead lender.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, the components of interest expense, related fees, and cash paid for interest expense for debt were as follows:
 (in thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2022
Description
Interest expense(1)
Amortization of debt issuance cost (loan fees)(2)
Unused facility and other fees (loan fees)Total interest expense and feesCash paid for interest expense
SBA Debentures$3,997 $581 $ $4,578 $2,835 
2022 Notes(3)
1,011 50  1,061 2,293 
July 2024 Notes5,009 295  5,304 5,009 
February 2025 Notes2,140 115  2,255 2,140 
June 2025 Notes3,017 162  3,179 3,017 
June 2025 3-Year Notes1,567 81  1,648 1,500 
March 2026 A Notes2,250 95  2,345 2,250 
March 2026 B Notes2,275 103  2,378 2,275 
September 2026 Notes8,698 815  9,513 8,531 
January 2027 Notes11,630 782  12,412 5,906 
2031 Asset-Backed Notes3,975 209  4,184 3,671 
2033 Notes2,500 108  2,608 2,500 
2022 Convertible Notes(3)
923 148  1,071 5,004 
MUFG Bank Facility(2)
4,548 941 2,285 7,774 4,097 
SMBC Facility1,209 315 513 2,037 1,047 
Total$54,749 $4,800 $2,798 $62,347 $52,075 
(1)Interest expense includes amortization of original issue discounts for the year ended December 31, 2022, of $23 thousand, $112 thousand, $166 thousand, $475 thousand, $98 thousand related to the 2022 Notes, 2022 Convertible Notes, September 2026 Notes, January 2027 Notes, and 2031 Asset-Backed Notes, respectively.
(2)The June 2022 amendment of the MUFG Bank Facility replaced Union Bank Facility via an amendment as the lead lender.
(3)The Company fully redeemed the 2022 Notes on February 22, 2022 and fully repaid the 2022 Convertible Notes on February 1, 2022.
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For the year ended December 31, 2021, the components of interest expense, related fees, and cash paid for interest expense for debt were as follows:
 (in thousands)
Year ended December 31, 2021
Description
Interest expense(1)
Amortization of debt issuance cost (loan fees)Unused facility and other fees (loan fees)Total interest expense and feesCash paid for interest expense
SBA Debentures$1,580 $452 $ $2,032 $2,272 
2022 Notes7,102 360  7,462 6,938 
July 2024 Notes5,009 295  5,304 5,008 
February 2025 Notes2,140 115  2,255 2,140 
April 2025 Notes(3)
1,969 1,667  3,636 2,635 
June 2025 Notes3,017 162  3,179 3,017 
March 2026 A Notes2,250 93  2,343 1,875 
March 2026 B Notes1,877 85  1,962 1,138 
September 2026 Notes2,513 236  2,749  
2033 Notes2,500 108  2,608 2,500 
2027 Asset-Backed Notes(3)
4,888 2,176  7,064 4,972 
2028 Asset-Backed Notes(3)
8,139 2,351  10,490 8,240 
2022 Convertible Notes10,734 892  11,626 10,062 
Wells Facility(3)
 198 675 873  
MUFG Bank Facility(4)
672 1,228 1,906 3,806 672 
SMBC Facility57 33 44 134  
Total$54,447 $10,451 $2,625 $67,523 $51,469 
(1)Interest expense includes amortization of original issue discounts for the year ended December 31, 2021, of $165 thousand, $671 thousand, and $48 thousand for the 2022 Notes, 2022 Convertible Notes, and September 2026 Notes, respectively.
(2)“Amortization of debt issuance cost (loan fees)” includes $1,477 thousand, $1,272 thousand, and $1,670 thousand related to debt extinguishment costs for the April 2025 Notes, 2027 Asset-Backed Notes, and 2028 Asset-Backed Notes, respectively for the year ended December 31, 2021 disclosed as a “Loss on debt extinguishment” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3)The April 2025 Notes, 2027 Asset-Backed Notes and 2028 Asset-Backed Notes were retired on July 1, 2021, and October 20, 2021, respectively. The Wells Facility was terminated on November 29, 2021.
(4)The June 2022 amendment of the MUFG Bank Facility replaced Union Bank Facility via an amendment as the lead lender.
As of December 31, 2023, December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, the Company was in compliance with the terms of all borrowing arrangements. There are no sinking fund requirements for any of the Company’s debt.
SBA Debentures
The Company held the following SBA debentures outstanding principal balances as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
(in thousands)
Issuance/Pooling Date
Maturity Date
Interest Rate (1)
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
March 26, 2021September 1, 20311.58%$37,500 $37,500 
June 25, 2021September 1, 20311.58%16,200 16,200 
July 28, 2021September 1, 20311.58%5,400 5,400 
August 20, 2021September 1, 20311.58%5,400 5,400 
October 21, 2021March 1, 20323.21%14,000 14,000 
November 1, 2021March 1, 20323.21%21,000 21,000 
November 15, 2021March 1, 20323.21%5,200 5,200 
November 30, 2021March 1, 20323.21%20,800 20,800 
December 20, 2021March 1, 20323.21%10,000 10,000 
December 23, 2021March 1, 20323.21%10,000 10,000 
December 28, 2021March 1, 20323.21%5,000 5,000 
January 14, 2022March 1, 20323.21%4,500 4,500 
January 21, 2022March 1, 20323.21%20,000 20,000 
Total SBA Debentures$175,000 $175,000 
(1)Interest rates are determined initially at issuance and reset to a fixed rate at the debentures pooling date. The rates are inclusive of annual SBA charges.
SBICs are subject to a variety of regulations and oversight by the SBA concerning the size and nature of the companies in which they may invest as well as the structures of those investments. The SBA as part of its oversight
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periodically examines and audits to determine SBICs' compliance with SBA regulations. Our SBIC was in compliance with all SBIC terms, including those pertaining to the SBA Debentures as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
HC IV received its license to operate as a SBIC on October 27, 2020. The license has a 10-year term. Through the license, HC IV has access to $175.0 million of capital through the SBA debenture program, in addition to the Company’s regulatory capital commitment of $87.5 million to HC IV. As of December 31, 2023, HC IV has issued the entire $175.0 million in SBA guaranteed debentures.
As of December 31, 2023, the Company held 25 investments through HC IV, with a fair value of approximately $331.5 million, accounting for approximately 10.2% of the Company’s total investment portfolio. Further, HC IV held approximately $341.8 million in tangible assets which accounted for approximately 10.0% of the Company’s total assets as of December 31, 2023.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company held 21 investments through HC IV, with a fair value of approximately $343.7 million, accounting for approximately 11.6% of the Company’s total investment portfolio. HC IV held approximately $348.6 million in tangible assets which accounted for approximately 11.5% of the Company’s total assets as of December 31, 2022.
July 2024 Notes
On July 16, 2019, the Company issued $105.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.77% interest-bearing unsecured notes due on July 16, 2024 (the “July 2024 Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with their terms, to qualified institutional investors in a private placement notes offering. Interest on the July 2024 Notes is due semiannually. The July 2024 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.
February 2025 Notes
On February 5, 2020, the Company issued $50.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.28% interest-bearing unsecured notes due February 5, 2025 (the “February 2025 Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with their terms, to qualified institutional investors in a private placement notes offering. Interest on the February 2025 Notes is due semiannually. The February 2025 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.
June 2025 Notes
On June 3, 2020, the Company issued $70.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.31% interest-bearing unsecured notes due June 3, 2025 (the “June 2025 Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with their terms, to qualified institutional investors in a private placement notes offering. Interest on the June 2025 Notes is due semiannually. The June 2025 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.
June 2025 3-Year Notes
On June 23, 2022, the Company issued $50.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.00% interest-bearing unsecured notes due June 23, 2025 (the “June 2025 3-Year Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with their terms, to qualified institutional investors in a private placement notes offering. Interest on the June 2025 3-Year Notes is due semiannually. The June 2025 3-Year Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.
March 2026 A Notes
On November 4, 2020, the Company issued $50.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.50% interest-bearing unsecured notes due March 4, 2026 (the “March 2026 A Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with their terms, to qualified institutional investors in a private placement notes offering. Interest on the March 2026 A Notes is due semiannually. The March 2026 A Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.
March 2026 B Notes
On March 4, 2021, the Company issued $50.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.55% interest-bearing unsecured notes due March 4, 2026 (the “March 2026 B Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with their terms, to qualified institutional investors in a private placement pursuant note offering. Interest on the March 2026 B Notes is due semiannually. The March 2026 B Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.
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September 2026 Notes
On September 16, 2021, the Company issued $325.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.625% interest-bearing unsecured notes due September 16, 2026 (the “September 2026 Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with the terms of the Seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated September 16, 2021. Interest on the September 2026 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on March 16 and September 16 of each year. The September 2026 Notes are general unsecured obligations and rank pari passu, or equally in right of payment, with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.
January 2027 Notes
On January 20, 2022, the Company issued $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.375% interest-bearing unsecured notes due January 20, 2027 (the “January 2027 Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with the terms of the Eight Supplemental Indenture, dated January 20, 2022. Interest on the January 2027 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on January 20 and July 20 of each year. The January 2027 Notes are general unsecured obligations and rank pari passu, or equally in right of payment, with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company. The Company may redeem some or all of the January 2027 Notes at any time, or from time to time, at the redemption price set forth under the terms of the January 2027 Notes Indenture.
2031 Asset-Backed Notes
On June 22, 2022, the Company completed a term debt securitization in connection with which an affiliate of the Company issued $150.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.95% interest-bearing asset-backed notes due on July 20, 2031 (the “2031 Asset-Backed Notes”). The 2031 Asset-Backed Notes were issued by Hercules Capital Funding Trust 2022-1 LLC (the “2022 Securitization Issuer”) pursuant to a note purchase agreement, dated as of June 22, 2022, by and among the Company, Hercules Capital Funding 2022-1 LLC, as trust depositor, the 2022 Securitization Issuer, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, N. A., as trustee, and are backed by a pool of senior loans made to certain portfolio companies of the Company and secured by certain assets of those portfolio companies and are to be serviced by the Company. Interest on the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes will be paid, to the extent of funds available.
Under the terms of the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes, the Company is required to maintain a reserve cash balance, funded through proceeds from the sale of the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes and through interest and principal collections from the underlying securitized debt portfolio, which may be used to pay monthly interest and principal payments on the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes. The Company has segregated these funds and classified them as restricted cash. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was approximately $17.1 million and $10.1 million, respectively, of funds segregated as restricted cash related to the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes.
2033 Notes
On September 24, 2018, the Company issued $40.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.25% interest-bearing unsecured notes due October 30, 2033 (the “2033 Notes”), unless repurchased in accordance with the terms of the Sixth Supplemental Indenture to the Base Indenture, dated September 24, 2018. Interest on the 2033 Notes is payable quarterly in arrears on January 30, April 30, July 30, and October 30 of each year. The 2033 Notes trade on the NYSE under the symbol “HCXY.” The 2033 Notes are general unsecured obligations and rank pari passu, or equally in right of payment, with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company. The Company may redeem some or all of the 2033 Notes at any time, or from time to time, at the redemption price set forth under the terms of the 2033 Notes indenture after October 30, 2023.
Credit Facilities
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has two available credit facilities, the MUFG Bank Facility and the SMBC Facility (together, the “Credit Facilities”). For the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the weighted average interest rate was 7.41% and 4.51%, respectively, and the average debt outstanding under the Credit Facilities was $192.3 million and $127.7 million, respectively.
MUFG Bank Facility
On January 13, 2023, the Company entered into a third amended credit facility agreement, which amends the agreement dated as of June 10, 2022. The Company, through a special purpose wholly owned subsidiary, Hercules Funding IV LLC (“Hercules Funding IV”), as borrower, entered into the credit facility (the “MUFG Bank Facility”) with MUFG Bank Ltd. (formerly MUFG Union Bank and known as the “Union Bank Facility”) as the arranger and administrative agent, and the lenders party to the MUFG Bank Facility from time to time.
Under the MUFG Bank Facility, the lenders have made commitments of $400.0 million, which may be further increased via an accordion feature up to an aggregate $600.0 million, funded by existing or additional lenders and with the
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agreement of MUFG Bank and subject to other customary conditions. There can be no assurances that additional lenders will join the MUFG Bank Facility to increase available borrowings. Debt under the MUFG Bank Facility generally bears interest at a rate per annum equal to SOFR plus 2.75% for SOFR loans. The MUFG Bank Facility matures on January 13, 2026, plus a twelve month amortization period, unless sooner terminated in accordance with its terms. The MUFG Bank Facility is secured by all of the assets of Hercules Funding IV. The MUFG Bank Facility requires payment of a non-use fee during the revolving credit availability period.
The MUFG Bank Facility also includes financial and other covenants applicable to the Company and the Company’s subsidiaries, in addition to those applicable to Hercules Funding IV, including covenants relating to certain changes of control of Hercules Funding IV. Among other things, these covenants require the Company to maintain certain financial ratios, including a minimum interest coverage ratio and a minimum tangible net worth with respect to Hercules Funding IV. The MUFG Bank Facility provides for customary events of default, including with respect to payment defaults, breach of representations and covenants, servicer defaults, certain key person provisions, cross default provisions to certain other debt, lien and judgment limitations, and bankruptcy.
SMBC Facility
On June 14, 2022, the Company entered into a second amendment to a revolving credit agreement, which amends the revolving credit agreement, dated as of November 9, 2021, with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (the “SMBC Facility”), as administrative agent, and the lenders and issuing banks to the SMBC Facility. As of December 31, 2023, the SMBC Facility provides for borrowings in U.S. dollars and certain agreed upon foreign currencies of up to $225.0 million, from which the Company may access subject to certain conditions. The SMBC Facility contains an accordion feature, in which the Company can increase the credit line up to an aggregate of $500.0 million, funded by existing or additional lenders and with the agreement of SMBC Bank and subject to other customary conditions. Availability under the SMBC Facility will terminate on November 7, 2025, and the outstanding loans under the SMBC Facility will mature on November 9, 2026. Borrowings under the SMBC Facility are subject to compliance with a borrowing base and an aggregate portfolio balance. The Company’s obligations under the SMBC Facility may in the future be guaranteed by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries and primarily secured by a first priority security interest (subject to certain exceptions) in only certain specified property and assets of the Company and the subsidiary guarantors thereunder.
Additionally in January 2023, the Company entered into a Letter of Credit Facility Agreement (the “SMBC LC Facility”) with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation that provides for a letter of credit facility with a final maturity date ending on January 13, 2026 and a commitment amount of $175.0 million as amended. Further, the SMBC LC Facility includes an accordion provision to increase the commitment up to $400.0 million, subject to certain conditions. The Company’s obligations under the SMBC LC Facility may in the future be guaranteed by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries and is primarily secured by a first priority security interest (subject to certain exceptions) in only certain specified property and assets of the Company and any subsidiary guarantors thereunder.
Interest under the SMBC Facility is determined by the nature and denomination of the borrowing. Interest rates are determined by the appropriate benchmark rate (SOFR, EURIBOR, Prime, CDOR, or TIBOR) as applicable for the type of borrowing plus an applicable margin adjustment which can range from 0.875% to 2.0% per annum subject to certain conditions. In addition to interest, the SMBC Facility is subject to a non-usage fee of 0.375% per annum (based on the immediately preceding period’s average usage) on the unused portion of the commitment under the SMBC Facility during the revolving period. The Company is required to pay letter of credit participation fees and a fronting fee on the average daily amount of any lender’s exposure with respect to any letters of credit issued under the SMBC Facility.
The SMBC Facility contains customary events of default with customary cure and notice provisions, including, without limitation, nonpayment, misrepresentation of representations and warranties in a material respect, breach of covenant, cross-default and cross-acceleration to other indebtedness and bankruptcy. The SMBC Facility also includes financial and other covenants applicable to the Company and the Company’s subsidiaries, including covenants relating to minimum stockholders' equity, asset coverage ratios, and our status as a RIC.
6. Income Taxes
The determination of taxable income pursuant to U.S. federal income tax regulations differs from U.S. GAAP. As a result, permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the financial statements to reflect their appropriate tax character.
During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company reclassified accumulated net realized gains (losses) to additional paid-in capital for book purposes primarily related to net realized gains from portfolio
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companies which are held in taxable subsidiaries and are not consolidated with the Company for income tax purposes, as follows:
(in millions)
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Reclassified accumulated net realized gains (losses)$0.8 $3.0 $63.3 
During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company reclassified amounts from undistributed ordinary income or accumulated realized gains (losses) to additional paid-in capital for book purposes, as follows:
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Undistributed net investment income (distributions in excess of investment income)$(18,396)$(8,784)$19,486 
Accumulated realized gains (losses)39,317 (834)69,066 
Additional paid-in capital(20,921)9,618 (88,552)
For income tax purposes, distributions paid to stockholders are reported as ordinary income, long-term capital gains, return of capital, or a combination thereof. The tax character of distributions paid are as follows for each of the years ended:
(in millions)Year Ended December 31,
 202320222021
Ordinary income$275.5 $203.7 $122.6 
Long-term capital gains 43.1 55.2 
As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the components of distributable earnings on a tax basis detailed below differ from the amounts reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities by temporary book or tax differences primarily arising from the treatment of loan related yield enhancements.
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Accumulated capital gains$(8,190)$(3,102)$43,005 
Other temporary differences(18,609)(20,100)(16,206)
Undistributed ordinary income133,783 127,703 149,069 
Unrealized appreciation (depreciation)33,029 (44,592)40,655 
Components of distributable earnings$140,013 $59,909 $216,523 
Taxable income and taxable net realized gains (losses) for the year ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 appears as follows:
(in millions, except per share data)
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Taxable Income$283.00 $181.10 $172.80 
Taxable Income, Per Share$1.96 $1.45 $1.51 
Taxable Net Realized Gains (Losses)$(8.2)$(1.7)$89.4 
Taxable Net Realized Gains, Per Share$(0.06)$(0.01)$0.78 
Weighted average shares outstanding144.1 125.2 114.7 
The aggregate gross unrealized appreciation and depreciation of the Company's investment over cost for U.S. federal income tax purposes appears as follows:
(in millions)
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Aggregate Gross Unrealized Appreciation$118.3 $72.2 $121.0 
Aggregate Gross Unrealized Depreciation115.9 112.0 75.7 
Net Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation) over cost for U.S. federal income tax purposes2.4 (39.8)45.3 
Aggregate cost of securities for U.S. federal income tax purposes (in billions)3.2 3.0 2.4 
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company paid approximately $5.3 million of income tax, including excise tax, and had $6.0 million of accrued, but unpaid tax expense as of December 31, 2023. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company paid approximately $7.4 million of income tax, including excise tax, and had $5.2 million of accrued, but unpaid tax expense as of December 31, 2022.
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Additionally, the Company has taxable subsidiaries which hold certain portfolio investments in an effort to limit potential legal liability and/or comply with source-income type requirements contained in the RIC tax provisions of the Code. These taxable subsidiaries are consolidated for U.S. GAAP and the portfolio investments held by the taxable subsidiaries are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and are recorded at fair value. These taxable subsidiaries are not consolidated with the Company for income tax purposes and may generate income tax expense, or benefit, and tax assets and liabilities as a result of their ownership of certain portfolio investments. Any income generated by these taxable subsidiaries generally would be subject to tax at normal U.S. federal tax rates based on its taxable income.
In accordance with ASC 740, the Company evaluates tax positions taken in the course of preparing the Company’s tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax benefits of positions not deemed to meet the more-likely-than-not threshold, or uncertain tax positions, would be recorded as a tax expense in the current year. It is the Company’s policy to recognize accrued interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of provision for income taxes. Based on an analysis of the Company’s tax position, there are no uncertain tax positions that met the recognition or measurement criteria. The Company is currently not undergoing any tax examinations. The Company does not anticipate any significant increase or decrease in unrecognized tax benefits for the next twelve months. The 2019 – 2022 federal tax years for the Company remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service. The 2018 – 2022 state tax years for the Company remain subject to examination by the state taxing authorities.
7. Stockholders’ Equity and Distributions
The Company has issued and outstanding 157,758,072 and 133,044,602 shares of common stock as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The Company currently sell shares through our equity distribution agreement with JMP Securities LLC (“JMP”) and Jefferies LLC (“Jefferies”) (the “2023 Equity Distribution Agreement”) entered into on May 5, 2023. The 2023 Equity Distribution Agreement provides that the Company may offer and sell up to 25.0 million shares of our common stock from time to time through JMP or Jefferies, as the Company's sales agents. Sales of the Company's common stock, if any, may be made in negotiated transactions or transactions that are deemed to be “at the market,” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), including sales made directly on the NYSE or similar securities exchange or sales made to or through a market maker other than on an exchange, at prices related to the prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The 2023 Equity Distribution Agreement replaced the ATM equity distribution agreement between the Company, JMP and Jefferies executed on May 9, 2022. Additionally, on August 7, 2023, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, UBS Securities, and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC as joint book-running managers to sell 6.5 million shares of common stock through an upsized public offering.
The Company issued and sold the following shares of common stock during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021:
(in millions, except per share data)
Year Ending December 31,Number of Shares IssuedGross ProceedsUnderwriting Fees/Offering ExpensesNet ProceedsAverage Price/Share
20210.6$10.8 $0.2 $10.6 $16.62 
202214.6$232.1 $2.4 $229.7 $15.77 
202322.7$344.3 $6.1 $338.2 $14.88 
The Company generally uses net proceeds from these offerings to make investments, to repurchase or pay down liabilities and for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2023, approximately 17.3 million shares remain available for issuance and sale under the current equity distribution agreement.
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The Company currently pays quarterly distributions to its stockholders. The following table summarizes the Company’s distributions declared during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:
(in thousands, except per share data)
Distribution TypeDeclared DateRecord DatePayment DatePer Share AmountTotal Amount
BaseFebruary 17, 2021March 8, 2021March 15, 2021$0.32 $37,012 
SupplementalFebruary 17, 2021March 8, 2021March 15, 20210.05 5,783 
BaseApril 21, 2021May 12, 2021May 19, 20210.32 37,053 
SupplementalApril 21, 2021May 12, 2021May 19, 20210.07 8,105 
BaseJuly 21, 2021August 11, 2021August 18, 20210.32 37,079 
SupplementalJuly 21, 2021August 11, 2021August 18, 20210.07 8,111 
BaseOctober 21, 2021November 10, 2021November 17, 20210.33 38,306 
SupplementalOctober 21, 2021November 10, 2021November 17, 20210.07 8,126 
Total distributions declared during the year ended December 31, 2021$1.55 $179,575 
BaseFebruary 16, 2022March 9, 2022March 16, 2022$0.33 $39,794 
SupplementalFebruary 16, 2022March 9, 2022March 16, 20220.15 18,088 
BaseApril 27, 2022May 17, 2022May 24, 20220.33 41,245 
SupplementalApril 27, 2022May 17, 2022May 24, 20220.15 18,748 
BaseJuly 20, 2022August 9, 2022August 16, 20220.35 44,765 
SupplementalJuly 20, 2022August 9, 2022August 16, 20220.15 19,185 
BaseOctober 13, 2022November 10, 2022November 17, 20220.36 47,472 
SupplementalOctober 13, 2022November 10, 2022November 17, 20220.15 19,780 
Total distributions declared during the year ended December 31, 2022$1.97 $249,077 
BaseFebruary 9, 2023March 2, 2023March 9, 2023$0.39 $53,749 
SupplementalFebruary 9, 2023March 2, 2023March 9, 20230.08 11,025 
BaseApril 27, 2023May 16, 2023May 23, 20230.39 55,910 
SupplementalApril 27, 2023May 16, 2023May 23, 20230.08 11,469 
BaseJuly 28, 2023August 18, 2023August 25, 20230.40 60,445 
SupplementalJuly 28, 2023August 18, 2023August 25, 20230.08 12,089 
BaseOctober 26, 2023November 15, 2023November 22, 20230.40 61,345 
SupplementalOctober 26, 2023November 15, 2023November 22, 20230.08 12,269 
Total distributions declared during the year ended December 31, 2023$1.90 $278,301 
In 2023, for income tax purposes, the distributions paid of $1.90 per share were comprised of ordinary income. As of December 31, 2023, the Company estimates that it has generated undistributed taxable earnings “spillover” of $0.80 per share. The undistributed taxable earnings spillover will be carried forward toward distributions to be paid in accordance with RIC requirements.
The Company has a distribution reinvestment plan, whereby the Company may buy shares of its common stock in the open market or issue new shares in order to satisfy dividend reinvestment requests. When the Company issues new shares in connection with the dividend reinvestment plan, the issue price is equal to the closing price of its common stock on the dividend record date. During the year ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company issued 303,960 ,259,466, and 248,041 shares, respectively, of common stock to stockholders in connection with the dividend reinvestment plan.
8. Equity Incentive Plans
The Company grants equity-based awards to employees and non-employee directors for the purpose of attracting and retaining the services of its executive officers, key employees, and members of the Board. The Company’s equity-based awards are granted under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”) for employees and 2018 Non-Employee Director Plan (the “Director Plan”) for non-employee directors. The 2018 Plan and the Director Plan were approved by stockholders on June 28, 2018 and unless earlier terminated by the Board, terminate on May 12, 2028. Subject to certain adjustments and permitted reversions of shares, the maximum aggregate number of shares that may be authorized for issuance under awards granted under the 2018 Plan and Director Plan is 9,261,229 shares and 300,000 shares, respectively. In connection with the issuance of shares under the 2018 Plan and Director Plan, the Company has registered, in aggregate, 18.7 million and 300,000 shares of common stock, respectively. Outstanding awards issued under plans that precede the 2018 Plan and Director Plan remain outstanding, unchanged and subject to the terms of such plans and their respective award agreements, until the vesting, expiration or lapse of such awards in accordance with their terms.
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The Company has received exemptive relief from the SEC that permits it to issue restricted stock to non-employee directors under the Director Plan and restricted stock and restricted stock units to certain of its employees, officers, and directors (excluding non-employee directors) under the 2018 Plan. The exemptive order also allows participants in the Director Plan and the 2018 Plan to (i) elect to have the Company withhold shares of its common stock to pay for the exercise price and applicable taxes with respect to an option exercise (“net issuance exercise”) and/or (ii) permit the holders of restricted stock to elect to have the Company withhold shares of its stock to pay the applicable taxes due on restricted stock at the time of vesting. Each individual employee would be able to make a cash payment to satisfy applicable tax withholding at the time of option exercise or vesting on restricted stock.
The Company has granted equity-based awards that have service and performance conditions. Certain of the Company’s equity-based awards are classified as liability awards in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. All of the Company’s equity-based awards require future service and are expensed over the relevant service period. The Company does not estimate forfeitures, and reverses all unvested costs associated with equity-awards in the period they are forfeited. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company recognized $13.2 million, $13.4 million, and $11.9 million of stock-based compensation expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately $21.7 million and $13.1 million of total unrecognized compensation costs expected to be recognized over the next 3.5 and 1.7 years, respectively.
Service-Vesting Awards
The Company grants equity-based awards which have service conditions, which generally begin to vest one-third after one year after the date of grant and ratably over the succeeding 2 years in accordance with the individual award terms. Certain awards have service conditions of longer duration and may begin to vest up to seven years after the date of grant. These equity-based awards which vest upon achievement of service conditions are collectively referred to as the “Service Vesting Awards”. The grant date fair value of Service Vesting Awards granted during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, were approximately $22.2 million, $11.1 million and $12.1 million, respectively.
The Company has granted restricted stock equity awards in the form of restricted stock awards and restricted stock units. The Company determines the grant date fair values of restricted stock equity awards using the grant date stock close price. The activities for the Company's unvested restricted stock equity awards for each of the three years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 are summarized below:
Year ended, December 31,
202320222021
Shares
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Shares
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Shares
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Unvested Shares Beginning of Period958,985$16.35 1,037,848$14.51 989,100$13.69 
Granted1,565,571$14.07 632,831$17.24 751,074$14.80 
Vested (1)
(632,575)$16.15 (686,030)$14.40 (620,116)$13.69 
Forfeited(11,572)$15.42 (25,664)$16.00 (82,210)$14.17 
Unvested Shares End of Period1,880,409$14.52 958,985$16.35 1,037,848$14.51 
(1)With respect to certain restricted stock equity awards granted prior to January 1, 2019, receipt of the shares of the Company’s common stock underlying vested restricted stock equity awards will be deferred for four years from grant date unless certain conditions are met. Accordingly, such vested restricted stock equity awards will not be issued as common stock upon vesting until the completion of the deferral period.
In addition to the restricted stock equity-based awards, the Company has also issued stock options to certain employees. The fair value of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, was approximately $148,000, $166,000 and $144,000, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, approximately $105,000, $76,000, and $37,000 of share-based cost due to stock option grants was expensed, respectively.
Performance-Vesting Awards
The Company has granted equity-based awards, which have market and performance conditions in addition to a service condition (“Performance Awards”). The value of these awards may increase dependent on increases to the Company’s total stockholder return (“TSR”). The total compensation will be determined by the Company’s TSR relative to specified BDCs during a specified performance period. Depending on the results achieved during the specified performance period, the actual number of shares that a grant recipient receives at the end of the period may range from 0% to 200% of the target shares granted. The Performance Awards typically vest after four years, and generally may not be disposed until one year post vesting. The Company determines the fair values of the Performance Awards at the grant date
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using a Monte-Carlo simulation multiplied by the target payout level and is recognized over the service period. For certain Performance Awards, distribution equivalent units (“Performance DEUs”) will accrue in the form of additional shares, but will not be paid unless the Performance Awards to which such Performance DEUs relate actually vest.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, no Performance Awards were granted or vested. During the year ended December 31, 2022, a total of 487,409 Performance Awards shares vested. During the year ended December 31, 2023, 54,858 Performance DEUs were issued and vested immediately with an aggregate grant date fair value of $0.7 million. During the year ended December 31, 2022, 639,413 Performance DEUs were issued and vested immediately with a grant fair value of $6.2 million. During the year ended December 31, 2021, no Performance DEUs were issued, nor were any Performance Awards or Performance DEUs granted or vested. As of December 31, 2023, 2022, or 2021, there were zero, zero, and 487,409 shares of unvested Performance Awards.
Liability Classified Awards
The Company has granted equity-based awards which are subject to both service and performance conditions. These awards are settled either in cash or a fixed dollar value of shares, subject to the terms of each individual award, and therefore classified as liability awards (the “Liability Awards”). The remaining maximum total potential value of the Liability Awards granted is $3.1 million, which assumes all performance conditions are met for each Liability award. If the performance conditions are not met, the total compensation expense related to the Liability Awards may be less than the maximum granted value of the awards. The awards are recorded as deferred compensation within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities included on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.
Certain Liability Awards are structured similar to the Performance Awards and increase in value with corresponding increases to the Company’s TSR and vest after four years. The Company remeasures the value of these awards each period based on the Company’s TSR achieved to date. Certain other Liability Awards are linked to attainment of investment funding goals. The Company determines the fair value of these Liability Awards based on the expected probability of the performance conditions being met and recognized over the service period. As of December 31, 2023, the Company determined that the weighted average expected probability of the performance conditions being met within each Liability Award was 100%. The expected probability is re-evaluated each period, and may be adjusted to reflect changes in this assumption. These other Liability Awards vest over a three-year service term.
As of December 31, 2023, all Liability Awards are unvested and there was approximately $0.5 million of total unrecognized compensation costs expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.3 years. For the year ended December 31, 2023, there was approximately $1.4 million of compensation expense related to the Liability Awards recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and $2.6 million accrued within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. During the year ended December 31, 2023, no Liability Awards vested.
As of December 31, 2022, all Liability Awards are unvested and there was approximately $1.9 million of total unrecognized compensation costs expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.3 years. For the year ended December 31, 2022, there was approximately $2.7 million of compensation expense related to the Liability Awards recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and $1.2 million accrued within Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. During the year ended December 31, 2022, $7.2 million of the Liability Awards vested.
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9. Earnings Per Share
Shares used in the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:
(in thousands, except per share data)Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Numerator      
Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations$337,484 $102,081 $174,155 
Less: Total distributions declared(278,301)(249,077)(179,575)
Total Earnings, net of total distributions59,183 (146,996)(5,420)
      
Earnings, net of distributions attributable to common shares58,593 (146,995)(5,420)
Add: Distributions declared attributable to common shares275,548 246,873 177,864 
Numerator for basic and diluted change in net assets per common share$334,141 $99,878 $172,444 
      
Denominator      
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding144,091 125,189 114,742 
Incremental shares from assumed conversion of 2022 Convertible Notes  512 
Common shares issuable735 1,470 701 
Weighted average common shares outstanding assuming dilution144,826 126,659 115,955 
Change in net assets per common share:
Basic$2.32 $0.80 $1.50 
Diluted$2.31 $0.79 $1.49 
In the table above, unvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to distributions or distribution equivalents are treated as participating securities for calculating earnings per share. Unvested common stock options and restricted stock units are also considered for the purpose of calculating diluted earnings per share. Diluted EPS was computed using the if-converted method as it was determined to be the most dilutive method.
The calculation of change in net assets resulting from operations per common share—assuming dilution, excludes all anti-dilutive shares. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the number of anti-dilutive shares, as calculated based on the weighted average closing price of the Company’s common stock for the periods, are as follows:
 Year Ended December 31,
Anti-dilutive Securities202320222021
Unvested common stock options1,4962,085690
Restricted stock units*4,35720
Unvested restricted stock awards30,0282,116861
*Included in these amounts are shares related to certain equity-based awards, which are fully vested but have not been delivered and thus not outstanding for purposes of calculating earnings per share.
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company was authorized to issue 200.0 million shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001. Each share of common stock entitles the holder to one vote.
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10. Financial Highlights
Following is a schedule of financial highlights for the five years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, and 2019:
(in thousands, except per share data and ratios)Year Ended December 31,
 20232022202120202019
Per share data (1):
          
Net asset value at beginning of period$10.53 $11.22 $11.26 $10.55 $9.90 
Net investment income2.11 1.50 1.29 1.39 1.41 
Net realized gain (loss)0.06 (0.01)0.18 (0.50)0.16 
Net unrealized appreciation (depreciation)0.17 (0.68)0.03 1.13 0.14 
Total from investment operations2.34 0.81 1.50 2.02 1.71 
Net increase (decrease) in net assets from capital share transactions (1)
0.44 0.34 (0.08)0.01 0.20 
Distributions of net investment income (6)
(1.93)(1.63)(1.06)(1.03)(1.15)
Distributions of capital gains (6)
 (0.36)(0.49)(0.36)(0.18)
Stock-based compensation expense included in net investment income and other movements (2)
0.05 0.15 0.09 0.07 0.07 
Net asset value at end of period$11.43 $10.53 $11.22 $11.26 $10.55 
           
Ratios and supplemental data:          
Per share market value at end of period$16.67 $13.22 $16.59 $14.42 $14.02 
Total return (3)
42.00 %(10.14)%25.62 %14.31 %39.36 %
Shares outstanding at end of period157,758 133,045 116,619 114,726 107,364 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding144,091 125,189 114,742 111,985 101,132 
Net assets at end of period$1,802,706 $1,401,459 $1,308,547 $1,291,704 $1,133,049 
Ratio of total expense to average net assets (4)
9.92 %9.92 %9.86 %11.30 %11.95 %
Ratio of net investment income before investment gains and losses to average net assets (4)
19.26 %13.96 %11.28 %13.64 %13.74 %
Portfolio turnover rate (5)
31.95 %19.29 %51.58 %32.38 %31.30 %
Weighted average debt outstanding$1,607,278 $1,468,335 $1,248,177 $1,309,903 $1,177,379 
Weighted average debt per common share$11.15 $11.73 $10.88 $11.70 $11.64 
(1)All per share activity is calculated based on the weighted average shares outstanding for the relevant period, except net increase (decrease) in net assets from capital share transactions, which is based on the common shares outstanding as of the relevant balance sheet date.
(2)Adjusts for the impact of stock-based compensation expense, which is a non-cash expense and has no net impact to net asset value. Pursuant to ASC Topic 718, the expense is offset by a corresponding increase in paid-in capital. Additionally, adjusts for other items attributed to the difference between certain per share data based on the weighted-average basic shares outstanding and those calculated using the shares outstanding as of a period end or transaction date.
(3)The total return for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, and 2019 equals to the change in the ending market value over the beginning of the period price per share plus distributions paid per share during the period, divided by the beginning price assuming the distribution is reinvested on the date of the distribution. As such, the total return is not annualized. The total return does not reflect any sales load that must be paid by investors.
(4)The ratios are calculated based on weighted average net assets for the relevant period and are annualized.
(5)The portfolio turnover rate for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, and 2019 equals to the lesser of investment portfolio purchases or sales during the period, divided by the average investment portfolio value during the period. As such, portfolio turnover rate is not annualized.
(6)Includes distributions on unvested restricted stock awards.
11. Commitments and Contingencies
The Company’s commitments and contingencies consist primarily of unfunded commitments to extend credit in the form of loans to the Company’s portfolio companies. A portion of these unfunded contractual commitments as of December 31, 2023 are dependent upon the portfolio company reaching certain milestones before the debt commitment becomes available. Furthermore, the Company’s credit agreements with its portfolio companies generally contain customary lending provisions which allow the Company relief from funding obligations for previously made unfunded commitments in instances where the underlying portfolio company experiences materially adverse events that affect the financial condition or business outlook for the portfolio company. Since a portion of these commitments may expire without being drawn, unfunded contractual commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. As such, the Company’s disclosure of unfunded contractual commitments includes only those which are available at the request of the portfolio company and unencumbered by future or unachieved milestones.
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As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $335.3 million and $628.9 million, respectively, of available unfunded commitments, including undrawn revolving facilities, which were available at the request of the portfolio company and unencumbered by future or unachieved milestones. In order to draw a portion of the Company's available unfunded commitments, a portfolio company must submit to the Company a formal funding request that complies with the applicable advance notice and other operational requirements. The amounts disclosed exclude unfunded commitments (i) for which, with respect to a portfolio company's agreement, a milestone was achieved after the last day on which the portfolio company could have requested a drawdown funding to be completed within the reporting period; and (ii) related to the portion of portfolio company investments assigned to or directly committed by the Adviser Funds as described in "Note -13 Related Party Transactions".
The fair value of the Company’s unfunded commitments is considered to be immaterial as the yield determined at the time of underwriting is expected to be materially consistent with the yield upon funding, given that interest rates are generally pegged to market indices and given the existence of milestones, conditions and/or obligations embedded in the borrowing agreements.
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s unfunded contractual commitments available at the request of the portfolio company, including undrawn revolving facilities, and unencumbered by milestones were as follows:
(in thousands)
Unfunded Commitments (1) as of
Portfolio CompanyDecember 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Debt Investments:
Thumbtack, Inc.$40,000 $40,000 
Automation Anywhere, Inc.29,400 29,400 
Checkr Group, Inc.23,625  
Skydio, Inc.22,500 22,500 
Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.20,625 10,313 
Kura Oncology, Inc.19,250 8,250 
Akero Therapeutics, Inc.15,000 5,000 
Dragos13,000  
Suzy, Inc.12,000  
Tipalti Solutions Ltd.10,500  
Main Street Rural, Inc.10,500  
Next Insurance, Inc.10,000  
Senseonics Holdings, Inc.8,750  
Elation Health, Inc.7,500 7,500 
Modern Life, Inc.6,500  
Dronedeploy, Inc.6,250 12,500 
Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc.6,120 66,500 
Brain Corporation5,000 20,700 
Heron Therapeutics, Inc.4,000  
Leapwork ApS3,900  
Saama Technologies, LLC3,875  
Zimperium, Inc.3,727 1,088 
Allvue Systems, LLC3,590  
Babel Street3,375 3,375 
Riviera Partners LLC3,000 3,500 
Cutover, Inc.2,650 1,000 
Plentific Ltd2,625  
Zappi, Inc.2,571 2,571 
Altumint, Inc.2,500  
Loftware, Inc.2,277  
Yipit, LLC2,250 2,250 
Streamline Healthcare Solutions2,200  
New Relic, Inc.2,176  
Dashlane, Inc.2,137 10,000 
Sumo Logic, Inc.2,000  
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(in thousands)
Unfunded Commitments (1) as of
Portfolio CompanyDecember 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Annex Cloud$1,750 $386 
Ceros, Inc.1,707 1,707 
ThreatConnect, Inc.1,600 1,600 
LogicSource1,209 1,209 
3GTMS, LLC1,182  
Ikon Science Limited1,050 1,050 
LinenMaster, LLC1,000  
Fortified Health Security840 840 
Agilence, Inc.800 800 
Omeda Holdings, LLC731 938 
Flight Schedule Pro, LLC639 639 
Dispatch Technologies, Inc.625 1,250 
Constructor.io Corporation625 625 
Enmark Systems, Inc.457 457 
Alchemer LLC445 890 
Cybermaxx Intermediate Holdings, Inc.390 390 
ShadowDragon, LLC333 333 
Cytracom Holdings LLC72 225 
Provention Bio, Inc. 40,000 
Vida Health, Inc. 40,000 
Madrigal Pharmaceutical, Inc. 34,000 
Oak Street Health, Inc. 33,750 
HilleVax, Inc. 28,000 
Axsome Therapeutics, Inc. 21,000 
Replimune Group, Inc. 20,700 
Aryaka Networks, Inc. 20,000 
G1 Therapeutics, Inc. 19,375 
AppDirect, Inc. 15,000 
Alladapt Immunotherapeutics Inc. 15,000 
PathAI, Inc. 12,000 
Viridian Therapeutics, Inc. 12,000 
Alamar Biosciences, Inc. 10,000 
Fever Labs, Inc. 8,333 
Gritstone Bio, Inc. 7,500 
Nuvolo Technologies Corporation 5,970 
Signal Media Limited 5,250 
Fulfil Solutions, Inc. 5,000 
Demandbase, Inc. 3,750 
MacroFab, Inc. 3,000 
Khoros (p.k.a Lithium Technologies) 1,812 
RVShare, LLC 1,500 
Mobile Solutions Services 495 
Total Unfunded Debt Commitments:330,828 623,221 
Investment Funds & Vehicles:(2)
Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund II C.V.2,748 2,811 
Forbion Growth Opportunities Fund I C.V.1,757 2,842 
Total Unfunded Commitments in Investment Funds & Vehicles:4,505 5,653 
Total Unfunded Commitments$335,333 $628,874 
(1)For debt investments, amounts represent unfunded commitments, including undrawn revolving facilities, which are available at the request of the portfolio company. Amount excludes unfunded commitments which are unavailable due to the borrower having not met certain milestones. These amounts also exclude $127.7 million and $173.5 million of unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively, to portfolio companies related to loans assigned to or directly committed by the Adviser Funds as described in "Note -13 Related Party Transactions".
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(2)For investment funds and vehicles, the amount represents uncalled capital commitments in private equity funds.
The following table provides additional information on the Company’s unencumbered unfunded commitments regarding milestones, expirations and type:
(in thousands)December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Unfunded Debt Commitments:
Expiring during:
2023$ $461,296 
2024291,896 134,856 
20253,004 720 
20267,537 9,038 
202714,078 15,171 
20286,547 2,140 
20293,590  
20304,176  
Total Unfunded Debt Commitments330,828 623,221 
Unfunded Commitments in Investment Funds & Vehicles:
Expiring during:
20301,757 2,842 
20322,748 2,811 
Total Unfunded Commitments in Investment Funds & Vehicles4,505 5,653 
Total Unfunded Commitments$335,333 $628,874 
The following tables provide the Company’s contractual obligations as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
As of December 31, 2023:Payments due by period (in thousands)
Contractual Obligations (1)
TotalLess than 1 year1 - 3 years3 - 5 yearsAfter 5 years
Debt (2)(3)
$1,570,000 $105,000 $689,000 $411,000 $365,000 
Lease and License Obligations (4)
26,741 2,539 6,629 6,248 11,325 
Total$1,596,741 $107,539 $695,629 $417,248 $376,325 
As of December 31, 2022:Payments due by period (in thousands)
Contractual Obligations (1)
TotalLess than 1 year1 - 3 years3 - 5 yearsAfter 5 years
Debt (5)(3)
$1,594,000 $ $382,000 $847,000 $365,000 
Lease and License Obligations (4)
8,641 2,723 2,259 2,452 1,207 
Total$1,602,641 $2,723 $384,259 $849,452 $366,207 
(1)Excludes commitments to extend credit to the Company’s portfolio companies and uncalled capital commitments in investment funds.
(2)Includes $175.0 million in principal outstanding under the SBA Debentures, $105.0 million of the July 2024 Notes, $50.0 million of the February 2025 Notes, $70.0 million of the June 2025 Notes, $50.0 million of the June 2025 3-Year Notes, $50.0 million of the March 2026 A Notes, $50.0 million of the March 2026 B Notes, $150.0 million of the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes, $40.0 million of the 2033 Notes, $325.0 million of the September 2026 Notes, and $350.0 million of the January 2027 Notes as of December 31, 2023. There was also $94.0 million outstanding under the SMBC Facility and $61.0 million outstanding under the MUFG Bank Facility as of December 31, 2023.
(3)Amounts represent future principal repayments and not the carrying value of each liability. See “Note 5 – Debt”.
(4)Facility leases and licenses including short-term leases.
(5)Includes $175.0 million in principal outstanding under the SBA Debentures, $105.0 million of the July 2024 Notes, $50.0 million of the February 2025 Notes, $70.0 million of the June 2025 Notes, $50.0 million of the June 2025 3-Year Notes, $50.0 million of the March 2026 A Notes, $50.0 million of the March 2026 B Notes, $150.0 million of the 2031 Asset-Backed Notes, $40.0 million of the 2033 Notes, $325.0 million of the September 2026 Notes and $350.0 million of the January 2027 Notes as of December 31, 2022. There was also $72.0 million outstanding under the SMBC Facility and $107.0 million outstanding under the MUFG Bank Facility as of December 31, 2022.
Certain premises are leased or licensed under agreements which expire at various dates through July 2034. Total rent expense, including short-term leases, amounted to approximately $3.4 million, $3.2 million, and $3.1 million, during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The Company recognizes an operating lease liability and a ROU asset for all leases, with the exception of short-term leases. The lease payments on short-term leases are recognized as rent expense on a straight-line basis. The discount rate applied to measure each ROU asset and lease liability
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is based on the Company’s incremental weighted average cost of debt. The Company considers the general economic environment and its credit rating and factors in various financing and asset specific adjustments to ensure the discount rate applied is appropriate to the intended use of the underlying lease. While some of the leases contained options to extend and terminate, it is not reasonably certain that either option will be utilized and therefore, only the payments in the initial term of the leases were included in the lease liability and ROU asset.
The following table sets forth information related to the measurement of the Company’s operating lease liabilities and supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:
(in thousands)Year Ended December 31, 2023Year Ended December 31, 2022
Total operating lease cost$2,382 $2,928 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities$2,499 $3,064 
 As of December 31, 2023As of December 31, 2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term (in years)8.685.48
Weighted-average discount rate6.79 %5.37 %
The following table shows future minimum lease payments under the Company’s operating leases and a reconciliation to the operating lease liability as of December 31, 2023:
(in thousands)As of December 31, 2023
2024$1,894 
20253,267 
20263,362 
Thereafter17,573 
Total lease payments26,096 
Less: imputed interest & other items(20,901)
Total operating lease liability$5,195 
The Company may, from time to time, be involved in litigation arising out of its operations in the normal course of business or otherwise. Furthermore, third parties may try to seek to impose liability on the Company in connection with the activities of its portfolio companies. While the outcome of any current legal proceedings cannot at this time be predicted with certainty, the Company does not expect any current matters will materially affect the Company’s financial condition or results of operations; however, there can be no assurance whether any pending legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations in any future reporting period.
12. Indemnification
The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and executive officers. The indemnification agreements are intended to provide its directors and executive officers the maximum indemnification permitted under Maryland law and the 1940 Act. Each indemnification agreement provides that the Company shall indemnify the director or executive officer who is a party to the agreement, or an “Indemnitee,” including the advancement of legal expenses, if, by reason of his or her corporate status, the Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be, made a party to or a witness in any threatened, pending, or completed proceeding, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law and the 1940 Act.
The Company and its executives and directors are covered by Directors and Officers Insurance, with the directors and officers being indemnified by the Company to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law subject to the restrictions in the 1940 Act.
13. Related Party Transactions
As disclosed in “Note 1 - Description of Business”, the Adviser Subsidiary is the Company's wholly owned registered investment advisor business, comprised of the collectively held and presented entities Hercules Adviser LLC, Hercules Capital Management, LLC, and Hercules Partner Holdings, LLC entities. The Adviser Subsidiary is accounted for as a portfolio investment of the Company held at fair value. The Adviser Subsidiary has entered into investment management agreements with its privately offered Adviser Funds, and it receives management fees based on the assets under management of the Adviser Funds. In addition, the general partner interests (the “GP Interests”) held by Hercules
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Partner Holdings, LLC may receive incentive fees based on the performance of the Adviser Funds. Both the Adviser Subsidiary and Hercules Partner Holdings, LLC are owned by Hercules Capital Management LLC. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Advisor Subsidiary declared and paid dividend distributions to the Company of $1.4 million. No dividends distributions were made during the year ended December 31, 2022. Refer to “Note 4 – Investments” for information related to income, gains and losses recognized related to the Company’s investment.
The Company has a shared services agreement (“Sharing Agreement”) with the Adviser Subsidiary, through which the Adviser Subsidiary has access to the Company's human capital resources (including administrative functions) and other resources and infrastructure (including office space and technology). Under the terms of the Sharing Agreement, the Company allocates the related expenses of shared services to the Adviser Subsidiary based on direct time spent, investment activity, and proportion of assets under management depending on the nature of the expense. The Company’s total expenses for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, are net of expenses allocated to the Adviser Subsidiary of $9.1 million and $8.3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was $0.1 million and $0.1 million receivable, respectively from the Adviser Subsidiary.
In addition, the Company may from time-to-time make investments alongside the Adviser Funds or assign a portion of investments to the Adviser Funds in accordance with the Company’s allocation policy. During the year ended December 31, 2023, $595.6 million of all investment commitments of the Company and the Adviser Subsidiary were assigned to or directly committed by the Adviser Funds. During the year ended December 31, 2023, fundings of $350.7 million were assigned to, directly originated, or funded by the Adviser Funds. The Company received $12.1 million from the Adviser Funds relating to the assigned investments during the year ended December 31, 2023.
During the year ended December 31, 2022, $747.1 million of all investment commitments of the Company and the Adviser Subsidiary were assigned to or directly committed by the Adviser Funds, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2022, fundings of $330.2 million were assigned to, directly originated, or funded by the Adviser Funds. The Company received $137.0 million from the Adviser Funds relating to the assigned investments during the year ended December 31, 2022. Additionally, in May 2022, the Company sold $73.5 million of assets to the Adviser Funds and realized a $0.1 million gain.
14. Subsequent Events
Dividend Distribution Declaration
On February 8, 2024, the Board declared (i) a fourth quarter cash distribution of $0.40 per share and (ii) a supplemental cash distribution of $0.32 per share, to be paid in four quarterly distributions of $0.08 per share beginning with the first quarter of 2024 (the "$0.32 Supplemental Cash Distribution"). The fourth quarter cash distribution and the first quarterly distribution of the $0.32 Supplemental Cash Distribution (a total of $0.48 per share) will be paid on March 6, 2024 to stockholders of record as of February 28, 2024.

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Item 9.     Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not Applicable.
Item 9A.     Controls and Procedures
1.Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s chief executive and chief financial officers, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, conducted an evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, the Company’s chief executive and chief financial officers have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s chief executive and chief financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
2.Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
a.Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
The Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. As defined by the SEC, internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of the Company’s principal executive and principal financial and accounting officer, approved and monitored by the Company’s Board, and implemented by management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is supported by written policies and procedures, that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company’s assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Company’s management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management of the Company conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 based on criteria established in Internal Control— Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("the COSO Framework"). Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023.
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm who also audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements, as stated in their report, which is included in this Annual Report on Form 10K.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting in 2023
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financing reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act, which occurred during the Company’s most recently completed fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B.     Other Information
The following tables are being provided to update, as of December 31, 2023, certain information in the Company’s registration statement on Form N-2 (File No. 333-261732) filed with the SEC on December 17, 2021.
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Fees and Expenses
The following table is intended to assist you in understanding the various costs and expenses that an investor in our common stock will bear directly or indirectly. However, we caution you that some of the percentages indicated in the table below are estimates and may vary. The footnotes to the fee table state which items are estimates. Except where the context suggests otherwise, whenever this prospectus contains a reference to fees or expenses paid by “you” or “us” or that “we” will pay fees or expenses, stockholders will indirectly bear such fees or expenses as investors in Hercules Capital, Inc.
Stockholder Transaction Expenses (as a percentage of the public offering price):
Sales load (as a percentage of offering price)(1)
  %
Offering expenses  %
(2)
Dividend reinvestment plan fees  %
(3)
Total stockholder transaction expenses (as a percentage of the public offering price)  %
(4)
Annual Expenses (as a percentage of net assets attributable to common stock):(5)
Operating expenses5.01  %
(6)(7)
Interest and fees paid in connection with borrowed funds4.91  %
(8)
Acquired fund fees and expenses0.01  %
(10)
Total annual expenses9.93  %
(9)
(1)In the event that our securities are sold to or through underwriters, a corresponding prospectus supplement to the Prospectus will disclose the applicable sales load.
(2)In the event that we conduct an offering of our securities, a corresponding prospectus supplement to this prospectus will disclose the estimated offering expenses.
(3)The expenses associated with the administration of our dividend reinvestment plan are included in “Operating expenses.” We pay all brokerage commissions incurred with respect to open market purchases, if any, made by the administrator under the plan. For more details about the plan, see “Dividend Reinvestment Plan.”
(4)Total stockholder transaction expenses may include sales load and will be disclosed in a future prospectus supplement, if any.
(5)“Net assets attributable to common stock” equals the weighted average net assets for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is approximately $1,578.3 million.
(6)“Operating expenses” represent our actual operating expenses incurred for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.
(7)We do not have an investment adviser and are internally managed by our executive officers under the supervision of our Board. As a result, we do not pay investment advisory fees, but instead we pay the operating costs associated with employing investment management professionals.
(8)“Interest and fees paid in connection with borrowed funds” represent our interest, fees, and credit facility expenses incurred for the year ended December 31, 2023.
(9)“Total annual expenses” is the sum of “Operating expenses”, “Interest and fees paid in connection with borrowed funds”, and "Acquired fund fees and expenses". “Total annual expenses” is presented as a percentage of weighted average net assets attributable to common stockholders, because the holders of shares of our common stock (and not the holders of our debt securities or preferred stock, if any) bear all of our fees and expenses, including the fees and expenses of our wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries, all of which are included in this fee table presentation.
(10)“Acquired fund fees and expenses” represent the estimated indirect expense incurred due to investments in other investment companies and private funds.
Senior Securities
Information about our senior securities is shown in the following table for the periods as of December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, and 2014 which is derived from our audited financial statements for these periods, which have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm. The “N/A” indicates information that the SEC expressly does not require to be disclosed for certain types of senior securities.
Class and Year
Total Amount
Outstanding
Exclusive of
Treasury
Securities (1)
Asset Coverage
per Unit(2)
Average
Market
Value
per Unit(3)
Securitized Credit Facility with Wells Fargo Capital Finance
December 31, 2014(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2015$50,000,000 $26,352 N/A
December 31, 2016$5,015,620 $290,234 N/A
December 31, 2017(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2018$13,106,582 $147,497 N/A
December 31, 2019(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2020(7)
  N/A
144

Class and Year
Total Amount
Outstanding
Exclusive of
Treasury
Securities (1)
Asset Coverage
per Unit(2)
Average
Market
Value
per Unit(3)
December 31, 2021(7)
  N/A
Secured Credit Facility with MUFG Bank Ltd. (MUFG)(9)
December 31, 2014(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2015(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2016(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2017(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2018$39,849,010 $48,513 N/A
December 31, 2019$103,918,736 $23,423 N/A
December 31, 2020(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2021(7)
  N/A
December 31, 2022$107,000,000 $27,964 N/A
December 31, 2023$61,000,000 $55,250 N/A
Secured Credit Facility with Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC)
December 31, 2021$29,924,726 $85,479 N/A
December 31, 2022$72,000,000 $41,558 N/A
December 31, 2023$94,000,000 $35,854 N/A
Small Business Administration Debentures (HT II)(4)
December 31, 2014$41,200,000 $31,535 N/A
December 31, 2015$41,200,000 $31,981 N/A
December 31, 2016$41,200,000 $35,333 N/A
December 31, 2017$41,200,000 $39,814 N/A
December 31, 2018  N/A
Small Business Administration Debentures (HT III)(5)
December 31, 2014$149,000,000 $8,720 N/A
December 31, 2015$149,000,000 $8,843 N/A
December 31, 2016$149,000,000 $9,770 N/A
December 31, 2017$149,000,000 $11,009 N/A
December 31, 2018$149,000,000 $12,974 N/A
December 31, 2019$149,000,000 $16,336 N/A
December 31, 2020$99,000,000 $26,168 N/A
December 31, 2021  N/A
Small Business Administration Debentures (HC IV)(6)
December 31, 2021$150,500,000 $16,996 N/A
December 31, 2022$175,000,000 $17,098 N/A
December 31, 2023$175,000,000 $19,259 N/A
2016 Convertible Notes
December 31, 2014$17,674,000 $74,905 $1,290 
December 31, 2015$17,604,000 $74,847 $1,110 
December 31, 2016  N/A
April 2019 Notes
December 31, 2014$84,489,500 $15,377 $1,023 
December 31, 2015$64,489,500 $20,431 $1,017 
December 31, 2016$64,489,500 $22,573 $1,022 
December 31, 2017  N/A
September 2019 Notes
December 31, 2014$85,875,000 $15,129 $1,026 
December 31, 2015$45,875,000 $28,722 $1,009 
December 31, 2016$45,875,000 $31,732 $1,023 
December 31, 2017  N/A
2022 Notes
December 31, 2017$150,000,000 $10,935 $1,014 
145

Class and Year
Total Amount
Outstanding
Exclusive of
Treasury
Securities (1)
Asset Coverage
per Unit(2)
Average
Market
Value
per Unit(3)
December 31, 2018$150,000,000 $12,888 $976 
December 31, 2019$150,000,000 $16,227 $1,008 
December 31, 2020$150,000,000 $17,271 $1,017 
December 31, 2021$150,000,000 $17,053 $1,019 
December 31, 2022  N/A
2024 Notes
December 31, 2014$103,000,000 $12,614 $1,010 
December 31, 2015$103,000,000 $12,792 $1,014 
December 31, 2016$252,873,175 $5,757 $1,016 
December 31, 2017$183,509,600 $8,939 $1,025 
December 31, 2018$83,509,600 $23,149 $1,011 
December 31, 2019  N/A
2025 Notes
December 31, 2018$75,000,000 $25,776 $962 
December 31, 2019$75,000,000 $32,454 $1,032 
December 31, 2020$75,000,000 $34,541 $1,020 
December 31, 2021  N/A
2033 Notes
December 31, 2018$40,000,000 $48,330 $934 
December 31, 2019$40,000,000 $60,851 $1,054 
December 31, 2020$40,000,000 $64,765 $1,072 
December 31, 2021$40,000,000 $63,948 $1,067 
December 31, 2022$40,000,000 $74,804 $984 
December 31, 2023$40,000,000 $84,256 $1,010 
July 2024 Notes
December 31, 2019$105,000,000 $23,181 N/A
December 31, 2020$105,000,000 $24,672 N/A
December 31, 2021$105,000,000 $24,361 N/A
December 31, 2022$105,000,000 $28,497 N/A
December 31, 2023$105,000,000 $32,098 N/A
February 2025 Notes
December 31, 2020$50,000,000 $51,812 N/A
December 31, 2021$50,000,000 $51,159 N/A
December 31, 2022$50,000,000 $59,843 N/A
December 31, 2023$50,000,000 $67,405 N/A
June 2025 Notes
December 31, 2020$70,000,000 $37,009 N/A
December 31, 2021$70,000,000 $36,542 N/A
December 31, 2022$70,000,000 $42,745 N/A
December 31, 2023$70,000,000 $48,146 N/A
June 2025 3-Year Notes
December 31, 2022$50,000,000 $59,843 N/A
December 31, 2023$50,000,000 $67,405 N/A
March 2026 A Notes
December 31, 2020$50,000,000 $51,812 N/A
December 31, 2021$50,000,000 $51,159 N/A
December 31, 2022$50,000,000 $59,843 N/A
December 31, 2023$50,000,000 $67,405 N/A
March 2026 B Notes
December 31, 2021$50,000,000 $51,159 N/A
December 31, 2022$50,000,000 $59,843 N/A
146

Class and Year
Total Amount
Outstanding
Exclusive of
Treasury
Securities (1)
Asset Coverage
per Unit(2)
Average
Market
Value
per Unit(3)
December 31, 2023$50,000,000 $67,405 N/A
September 2026 Notes
December 31, 2021$325,000,000 $7,871 N/A
December 31, 2022$325,000,000 $9,207 N/A
December 31, 2023$325,000,000 $10,370 N/A
January 2027 Notes
December 31, 2022$350,000,000 $8,549 N/A
December 31, 2023$350,000,000 $9,629 N/A
2017 Asset-Backed Notes
December 31, 2014$16,049,144 $80,953 $1,375 
December 31, 2015  N/A
2021 Asset-Backed Notes
December 31, 2014$129,300,000 $10,048 $1,000 
December 31, 2015$129,300,000 $10,190 $996 
December 31, 2016$109,205,263 $13,330 $1,002 
December 31, 2017$49,152,504 $33,372 $1,001 
December 31, 2018  N/A
2027 Asset-Backed Notes
December 31, 2018$200,000,000 $9,666 $1,006 
December 31, 2019$200,000,000 $12,170 $1,004 
December 31, 2020$180,988,022 $14,314 $1,001 
December 31, 2021  N/A
2028 Asset-Backed Notes
December 31, 2019$250,000,000 $9,736 $1,004 
December 31, 2020$250,000,000 $10,362 $1,002 
December 31, 2021  N/A
2031 Asset-Backed Notes
December 31, 2022$150,000,000 $19,948 $951 
December 31, 2023$150,000,000 $22,468 $950 
2022 Convertible Notes
December 31, 2017$230,000,000 $7,132 $1,028 
December 31, 2018$230,000,000 $8,405 $946 
December 31, 2019$230,000,000 $10,583 $1,021 
December 31, 2020$230,000,000 $11,264 $1,027 
December 31, 2021$230,000,000 $11,121 $1,026 
December 31, 2022$ $ N/A
Total Senior Securities(8)
December 31, 2014$626,587,644 $2,073 N/A
December 31, 2015$600,468,500 $2,194 N/A
December 31, 2016$667,658,558 $2,180 N/A
December 31, 2017$802,862,104 $2,043 N/A
December 31, 2018$980,465,192 $1,972 N/A
December 31, 2019$1,302,918,736 $1,868 N/A
December 31, 2020$1,299,988,022 $1,993 N/A
December 31, 2021$1,250,424,726 $2,046 N/A
December 31, 2022$1,594,000,000 $1,877 N/A
December 31, 2023$1,570,000,000 $2,147 N/A
(1)Total amount of each class of senior securities outstanding at the end of the period presented.
(2)The asset coverage ratio for a class of senior securities representing indebtedness is calculated as our consolidated total assets, less all liabilities and indebtedness not represented by senior securities, including senior securities not subject to asset coverage requirements under the 1940 Act due to exemptive relief from the SEC, divided by senior securities representing indebtedness. This asset coverage ratio is multiplied by $1,000 to determine the Asset Coverage per Unit.
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(3)Not applicable because senior securities are not registered for public trading.
(4)Issued by Hercules Technology II, L.P. ("HT II"), one of our prior SBIC subsidiaries, to the Small Business Association ("SBA"). On July 13, 2018, we completed repayment of the remaining outstanding HT II debentures and subsequently surrendered the SBA license with respect to HT II. These categories of senior securities were not subject to the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act as a result of exemptive relief granted to us by the SEC.
(5)Issued by HT III, one of our prior SBIC subsidiaries, to the SBA. On May 5, 2021, we completed repayment of the remaining outstanding HT III debentures and subsequently surrendered the SBA license with respect to HT III. These categories of senior securities were not subject to the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act as a result of exemptive relief granted to us by the SEC.
(6)Issued by HC IV, one of our SBIC subsidiaries, to the SBA. These categories of senior securities are not subject to the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act as a result of exemptive relief granted to us by the SEC.
(7)The Company’s Wells Facility and MUFG Bank Facility had no borrowings outstanding as of the periods noted above.
(8)The total senior securities and Asset Coverage per Unit shown for those securities do not represent the asset coverage ratio requirement under the 1940 Act, because the presentation includes senior securities not subject to the asset coverage requirements of the 1940 Act as a result of exemptive relief granted to us by the SEC. As of December 31, 2023, our asset coverage ratio under our regulatory requirements as a business development company was 228.7% excluding our SBA debentures as a result of our exemptive order from the SEC which allows us to exclude all SBA leverage from our asset coverage ratio.
(9)The June 2022 amendment of the MUFG Bank Facility replaced the Union Bank Facility via an amendment as the lead lender.

Item 9C.     Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
Not Applicable.
PART III
Item 10.     Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Information in response to this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the information provided in the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for the Company’s 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, or the 2024 Proxy Statement, to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act under the headings “Proposal I: Election Of Directors,” “Information About Executive Officers Who Are Not Directors” and “Certain Relationships And Transactions.”
The Company has adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that applies to directors, officers and employees. The code of business conduct and ethics is available on the Company’s website at http//www.htgc.com. The Company will report any amendments to or waivers of a required provision of the code of business conduct and ethics on the Company’s website or in a Form 8-K.
Item 11.     Executive Compensation
The information with respect to compensation of executives and directors is contained under the caption “Executive Compensation” in the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated in this Annual Report by reference in response to this item.
Item 12.     Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information with respect to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is contained under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Executive Compensation” in the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated in this Annual Report by reference in response to this item.
Item 13.     Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
The information with respect to certain relationships and related transactions is contained under the caption “Certain Relationships and Transactions” and the caption “Proposal I: Election of Directors” in the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated in this Annual Report by reference in response to this item.
Item 14.     Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information with respect to principal accountant fees and services is contained under the captions “Principal Accountant Fees and Services” and “Proposal III: Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public Accountants” in the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated in this Annual Report by reference to this item.
148

PART IV
Item 15.     Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
1.Financial Statements
 
The following financial statements of the “Company” are filed herewith:
 
AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
2.The following financial statement schedules are filed herewith:
3.Exhibits required to be filed by Item 601 of Regulation S-K.
149

Item 15. 2. Consolidated Schedule of Investments In and Advances to Affiliates as of December 31, 2023 and 2022
Schedules 12-14
CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Portfolio Company
Investment (1)
Amount of Interest and Fees Credited to Income (2)
Realized Gain (Loss) Fair Value as of December 31, 2022
Gross Additions (3)
Gross Reductions (4)
Net Change in Unrealized Appreciation/ (Depreciation) Fair Value as of December 31, 2023
Control Investments
Majority Owned Control Investments
Coronado Aesthetics, LLC (8)
Preferred Stock$ $ $313 $  $(53)$260 
 Common Stock  6   (4)2 
Gibraltar Acquisition LLC (pka as Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC) (5)
Unsecured Debt3,439  21,700 9,912  2,866 34,478 
 Member Units  15,244 6,000  6,790 28,034 
Hercules Adviser LLC (6)
Unsecured Debt608  12,000    12,000 
Member Units  19,153   9,560 28,713 
Total Majority Owned Control Investments$4,047 $ $68,416 $15,912 $ $19,159 $103,487 
Other Control Investments
Tectura Corporation(7)
Senior Debt$690 $ $8,042 $ $(13,263)$13,471 $8,250 
 Preferred Stock   13,263  (10,000)3,263 
 Common Stock     4 4 
Total Other Control Investments $690 $ $8,042 $13,263 $(13,263)$3,475 $11,517 
Total Control Investments$4,737 $ $76,458 $29,175 $(13,263)$22,634 $115,004 
(1)Stock and warrants are generally non-income producing and restricted.
(2)Represents the total amount of interest, fees, or dividends credited to income for the period an investment was an affiliate or control investment.
(3)Gross additions include increases in the cost basis of investments resulting from new portfolio investments, paid-in-kind interest or dividends, the amortization of discounts and closing fees and the exchange of one or more existing securities for one or more new securities.
(4)Gross reductions include decreases in the cost basis of investments resulting from principal repayments or sales and the exchange of one or more existing securities for one or more new securities. Gross reductions also include previously recognized depreciation on investments that become control or affiliate investments during the period.
(5)As of March 31, 2018, the Company's investment in Gibraltar Acquisition LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC) became classified as a control investment as a result of obtaining a controlling financial interest. Gibraltar Acquisition LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary, which is the holding company for their wholly-owned affiliated portfolio companies, Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC and Gibraltar Equipment Finance, LLC. The subsidiary has no significant assets or liabilities, other than their equity and debt investments and equity interest in Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC and Gibraltar Equipment Finance, LLC, respectively.
(6)Hercules Adviser LLC is owned by Hercules Capital Management LLC and presented with Hercules Partner Holdings, LLC which are both wholly owned by the Company. Please refer to “Note 1 - Description of Business” for additional disclosure.
(7)As of March 31, 2017, the Company's investment in Tectura Corporation became classified as a control investment as of result of obtaining more than 50% representation on the portfolio company's board. In May 2018, the Company purchased common shares, thereby obtaining greater than 25% of voting securities of Tectura as of June 30, 2018.
(8)As of December 31, 2021, the Company's investment in Coronado Aesthetics, LLC became classified as a control investment as a result of obtaining more than 25% of the voting securities of the portfolio company.
150

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Portfolio Company
Investment (1)
Amount of Interest and Fees Credited to Income (2)
Realized Gain (Loss) Fair Value as of December 31, 2021
Gross Additions (3)
Gross Reductions (4)
Net Change in Unrealized Appreciation/ (Depreciation) Fair Value as of December 31, 2022
Control Investments
Majority Owned Control Investments
Coronado Aesthetics, LLC (9)
Preferred Stock$ $ $500 $  $(187)$313 
Common Stock  65   (59)6 
Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC (5)
Unsecured Debt3,453  23,212 82  (1,594)21,700 
Preferred Stock  19,393   (5,256)14,137 
Common Stock  1,225   (118)1,107 
Hercules Adviser LLC (6)
Unsecured Debt546  8,850 3,150   12,000 
Member Units  11,990   7,163 19,153 
Total Majority Owned Control Investments$3,999 $ $65,235 $3,232 $ $(51)$68,416 
Other Control Investments
Tectura Corporation(7)
Senior Debt$690 $ $8,269 $ $ $(227)$8,042 
Preferred Stock       
Common Stock       
Total Other Control Investments$690 $ $8,269 $ $ $(227)$8,042 
Total Control Investments$4,689 $ $73,504 $3,232 $ $(278)$76,458 
Affiliate Investments
Black Crow AI, Inc. (8)
Preferred Stock$ $3,772 $1,120 $ $(1,000)$(120)$ 
Pineapple Energy LLC (8)
Senior Debt1,204 (2,014)7,747  (7,780)33  
Common Stock  591  (4,767)4,176  
Total Affiliate Investments$1,204 $1,758 $9,458 $ $(13,547)$4,089 $ 
Total Control and Affiliate Investments$5,893 $1,758 $82,962 $3,232 $(13,547)$3,811 $76,458 
(1)Stock and warrants are generally non-income producing and restricted.
(2)Represents the total amount of interest, fees, or dividends credited to income for the period an investment was an affiliate or control investment.
(3)Gross additions include increases in the cost basis of investments resulting from new portfolio investments, paid-in-kind interest or dividends, the amortization of discounts and closing fees and the exchange of one or more existing securities for one or more new securities.
(4)Gross reductions include decreases in the cost basis of investments resulting from principal repayments or sales and the exchange of one or more existing securities for one or more new securities. Gross reductions also include previously recognized depreciation on investments that become control or affiliate investments during the period.
(5)As of March 31, 2018, the Company's investment in Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC became classified as a control investment as a result of obtaining a controlling financial interest.
(6)Hercules Adviser LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary providing investment management and other services to the Adviser Funds and other External Parties.
(7)As of March 31, 2017, the Company's investment in Tectura Corporation became classified as a control investment as of result of obtaining more than 50% representation on the portfolio company's board. In May 2018, the Company purchased common shares, thereby obtaining greater than 25% of voting securities of Tectura as of June 30, 2018.
(8)As of September 30, 2022, Black Crow AI, Inc. and Pineapple Energy LLC were no longer affiliates as defined under the 1940 Act.
(9)As of December 31, 2021, the Company's investment in Coronado Aesthetics, LLC became classified as a control investment as a result of obtaining more than 25% of the voting securities of the portfolio company.

151

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyIndustry
Type of Investment (1)
Maturity DateInterest Rate and FloorPrincipal
or Shares
Cost
Value (2)
Control Investments
Majority Owned Control Investments
Coronado Aesthetics, LLCMedical Devices & EquipmentPreferred Series A Equity5,000,000$250 $260 
Medical Devices & EquipmentCommon Stock180,000 2 
Total Coronado Aesthetics, LLC$250 $262 
Gibraltar Acquisition LLC (p.k.a. Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC)(3)
Diversified Financial ServicesUnsecured DebtSeptember 2026
Interest rate FIXED 11.50%
$25,000 24,663 24,663 
Diversified Financial ServicesUnsecured DebtSeptember 2026
Interest rate FIXED 11.95%
$10,000 9,815 9,815 
Diversified Financial ServicesMember Units134,006 28,034 
Total Gibraltar Acquisition, LLC$68,484 $62,512 
Hercules Adviser LLC(4)
Diversified Financial ServicesUnsecured DebtJune 2025
Interest rate FIXED 5.00%
$12,000 12,000 12,000 
Diversified Financial ServicesMember Units135 28,713 
Total Hercules Adviser LLC$12,035 $40,713 
Total Majority Owned Control Investments (5.74%)*
$80,769 $103,487 
Other Control Investments
Tectura CorporationConsumer & Business ServicesSenior Secured DebtJuly 2024
Interest rate FIXED 8.25%
$8,250 $8,250 $8,250 
Consumer & Business ServicesCommon Stock414,994,863 900 4 
Consumer & Business ServicesPreferred Series BB Equity1,000,000  12 
Consumer & Business ServicesPreferred Series C Equity3,235,29813,263 3,251 
Total Tectura Corporation$22,413 $11,517 
Total Other Control Investments (0.64%)*
$22,413 $11,517 
Total Control Investments (6.38%)*
$103,182 $115,004 
*Value as a percent of net assets
(1)Stock and warrants are generally non-income producing and restricted.
(2)All of the Company’s control and affiliate investments are Level 3 investments valued using significant unobservable inputs.
(3)Gibraltar Acquisition LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary, which is the holding company for their wholly-owned affiliated portfolio companies, Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC and Gibraltar Equipment Finance, LLC. The subsidiary has no significant assets or liabilities, other than their equity and debt investments and equity interest in Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC and Gibraltar Equipment Finance, LLC, respectively.
(4)Hercules Adviser LLC is owned by Hercules Capital Management LLC and presented with Hercules Partner Holdings, LLC which are both wholly owned by the Company. Please refer to “Note 1” for additional disclosure.
152

CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF INVESTMENTS IN AND ADVANCES TO AFFILIATES
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022
(in thousands)
Portfolio CompanyIndustry
Type of Investment (1)
Maturity DateInterest Rate and Floor
Principal or Shares
Cost
Value (2)
Control Investments
Majority Owned Control Investments
Coronado Aesthetics, LLCMedical Devices & EquipmentPreferred Series A Equity5,000,000$250 $313 
Medical Devices & EquipmentCommon Stock180,000 6 
Total Coronado Aesthetics, LLC$250 $319 
Gibraltar Business Capital, LLCDiversified Financial ServicesUnsecured DebtSeptember 2026
Interest rate FIXED 14.50%
$15,000 14,715 12,802 
Diversified Financial ServicesUnsecured DebtSeptember 2026
Interest rate FIXED 11.50%
$10,000 9,852 8,898 
Diversified Financial ServicesPreferred Series A Equity10,602,75226,122 14,137 
Diversified Financial ServicesCommon Stock830,0001,884 1,107 
Total Gibraltar Business Capital, LLC$52,573 $36,944 
Hercules Adviser LLCDiversified Financial ServicesUnsecured DebtJune 2025
Interest rate FIXED 5.00%
$12,000 12,000 12,000 
Diversified Financial ServicesMember Units135 19,153 
Total Hercules Adviser LLC$12,035 $31,153 
Total Majority Owned Control Investments (4.88%)*
$64,858 $68,416 
Other Control Investments
Tectura CorporationConsumer & Business ServicesSenior Secured DebtJuly 2024
PIK Interest 5.00%
$10,680 $240 $ 
Consumer & Business ServicesSenior Secured DebtJuly 2024
Interest rate FIXED 8.25%
$8,250 8,250 8,042 
Consumer & Business ServicesSenior Secured DebtJuly 2024
PIK Interest 5.00%
$13,023 13,023  
Consumer & Business ServicesPreferred Series BB Equity1,000,000  
Consumer & Business ServicesCommon Stock414,994,863900  
Total Tectura Corporation$22,413 $8,042 
Total Other Control Investments (0.58%)*
$22,413 $8,042 
Total Control Investments (5.46%)*
$87,271 $76,458 
*Value as a percent of net assets
(1)Stock and warrants are generally non-income producing and restricted.
(2)All of the Company’s control and affiliate investments are Level 3 investments valued using significant unobservable inputs.
153

Item 15. 3. Exhibits
Please note that the agreements included as exhibits to this Form 10-K are included to provide information regarding their terms and are not intended to provide any other factual or disclosure information about us or the other parties to the agreements. The agreements contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreement that have been made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.
Exhibit
Number
Description
3(a)
3(b)
3(c)
3(d)
3(e)
3(f)
4(a)
4(b)
4(c)
4(d)
4(e)
4(f)
4(g)
4(h)
4(i)
4(j)
4(k)
4(l)
4(m)*
4(n)
4(o)
4(p)[Reserved]
4(q)
4(r)
4(s)
10(a)
10(b)
10(c)
10(d)
10(e)
10(f)
10(g)
10(h)
10(i)
10(j)
10(k)
10(l)
10(m)
10(n)
10(o)
154

10(p)
10(q)
10(r)
10(s)
10(t)
10(u)
10(v)
10(w)
10(x)
10(y)
10(z)
10(aa)
10(bb)
10(cc)
10(dd)
10(ee)
10(ff)
10(gg)
10(hh)
10(ii)
10(jj)
10(kk)
10(ll)
10(mm)
10(nn)
10(oo)
10(pp)
10(qq)
10(rr)
10(ss)
10(tt)
10(uu)
10(vv)
155

10(ww)
10(xx)
10(yy)
10(zz)
10(aaa)
First Amendment to Letter of Credit Facility, dated as of March 21, 2023, among Hercules Capital, Inc. and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation.(50)
14.1*
14.2*
21.1*
23.1*
31.1*
31.2*
32.1*
32.2*
97*
101.INS*Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104
The cover page from the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, has been formatted in Inline XBRL.
*Filed herewith
(1)Previously filed as part of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2, as filed on June 8, 2005 (File No. 333-122950), to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company.
(2)Previously filed as part of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1, as filed on May 17, 2005 (File No. 333-122950) to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company.
(3)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on August 1, 2006.
(4)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on March 9, 2007.
(5)Previously filed as part of the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company, as filed on February 22, 2005.
(6)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on January 5, 2017.
(7)Previously filed as part of the Registration Statement on Form S-8, as filed on October 2, 2007.
(8)Previously filed as part of the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company, as filed on March 16, 2009.
(9)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on April 11, 2011.
(10)Previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 1, as filed on April 17, 2012 (File No. 333-179431), to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company.
(11)Previously filed as part of the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company, as filed on April 20, 2015 (File No. 333-203511).
(12)Reserved.
(13)Reserved.
(14)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on February 25, 2016.
(15)Reserved.
(16)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on May 10, 2016.
(17)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on July 19, 2016.
(18)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on January 25, 2017.
(19)Reserved.
(20)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on July 22, 2016.
(21)Previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 1, as filed on June 10, 2005 (File No. 333-122950) to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company.
(22)Reserved.
(23)Previously filed as part of the of the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company, as filed on April 29, 2019 (File No. 333-231089).
(24)Previously filed as part of the Post-Effective Amendment No. 2, as filed on October 25, 2017 (File No. 333-214767), to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company.
(25)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on October 26, 2017.
(26)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on November 2, 2017.
(27)Previously filed as part of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company, as filed on May 3, 2018.
(28)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on June 1, 2018.
(29)Previously filed as part of the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company, as filed on December 17, 2021 (File No. 333-261732).
(30)Reserved.
156

(31)Previously filed as part of Post-Effective Amendment No. 2, as filed on September 24, 2018 (File No. 333-224281), to the Registration Statement on Form N-2 of the Company.
(32)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on January 31, 2019.
(33)Reserved.
(34)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on July 3, 2019.
(35)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on July 16, 2019.
(36)Previously filed as part of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company, as filed on November 2, 2022.
(37)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on January 21, 2022.
(38)Previously filed as part of the Quarterly Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on February 6, 2020.
(39)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on February 20, 2020.
(40)Reserved.
(41)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on November 4, 2020.
(42)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on May 5 2023.
(43)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the company, as filed on November 10, 2021
(44)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on September 16, 2021.
(45)Previously filed as part of the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company, as filed on February 22, 2022.
(46)Previously filed as part of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company, as filed on July 28, 2022.
(47)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on June 15, 2022.
(48)Previously filed as part of the Current Report on Form 8-K of the Company, as filed on March 20, 2020.
(49)Previously filed as part of the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company, as filed on February 16, 2023.
(50)Previously filed as part of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company, as filed on May 4, 2023.
Item 16.     Form 10-K Summary
Not applicable.
157

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
HERCULES CAPITAL, INC.
Date: February 15, 2024
By:/S/ Scott Bluestein
Scott Bluestein
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer
In accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the following capacities on February 15, 2024.
SignatureTitleDate
/S/ Scott BluesteinDirector, President, Chief Executive Officer, andFebruary 15, 2024
Scott BluesteinChief Investment Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
/S/ Seth H. Meyer
Chief Financial Officer and
February 15, 2024
Seth H. MeyerChief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)
/S/ Robert P. BadavasChairman of the BoardFebruary 15, 2024
Robert P. Badavas
/S/ DeAnne AguirreDirectorFebruary 15, 2024
DeAnne Aguirre 
 
/S/ Gayle CrowellDirectorFebruary 15, 2024
Gayle Crowell 
 
/S/ Thomas Fallon
DirectorFebruary 15, 2024
Thomas Fallon
/S/ Wade Loo
DirectorFebruary 15, 2024
Wade Loo
/S/ Pam RandhawaDirectorFebruary 15, 2024
Pam Randhawa
/S/ Nikos Theodosopoulos
DirectorFebruary 15, 2024
Nikos Theodosopoulos
158