MYT Netherlands Parent B.V. [MYTE] Filings

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UNITED STATES

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

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FORM 20-F

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For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023

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Commission File Number: 001-39880

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MYT NETHERLANDS PARENT B.V.

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(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

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The Netherlands

(Jurisdiction of incorporation)

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Einsteinring 9
85609 Aschheim/Munich

Germany

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(Address of principal executive offices)

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Nanah Busch

Legal Counsel

Einsteinring 9

85609 Aschheim/Munich

Germany

Investors@mytheresa.com

(Name, E-mail and Address of Company Contact Person)

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Securities registered or to be registered, pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act

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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

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Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

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Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report: 84,890,197 ordinary shares, €0.000015 par value per share.

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Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.Yes ☐No ☒

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If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ☐ No ☒

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ No ☒

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

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If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

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If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

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Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

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If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ☐ Item 18 ☐

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If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

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PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION

We report under International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (the “IASB”), which differ in certain significant respects from U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). None of our financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The consolidated financial statements and financial information included in this Annual Report on Form 20-F were prepared for MYT Netherlands Parent B.V. (“MYT BV”) and its subsidiaries, including Mytheresa Group GmbH (“MGG”). Except where the context otherwise requires or where otherwise indicated, references to the financial information of MYT Netherlands Parent B.V. includes its consolidated subsidiaries.

Our financial information is presented in Euros. For the convenience of the reader, we have translated some of our financial information into U.S. Dollars. Unless otherwise indicated, these translations were made at the rate of €1.00 to $1.047 and €1.00 to $1.092, the noon buying rate of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York on June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2023, respectively. Such U.S. Dollar amounts are not necessarily indicative of the amounts of U.S. Dollars that could actually have been purchased upon exchange of Euros at the dates indicated. All references in this Annual Report to “dollar,” “USD” or “$” mean U.S. Dollars and all references to “€” or “euro” mean Euros.

Our fiscal year begins on July 1 and ends on June 30 of the following year, e.g. fiscal 2023 relates to the year ended June 30, 2023.

We have made rounding adjustments to some of the figures contained in this Annual Report. Accordingly, numerical figures shown as totals in some tables may not be exact arithmetic aggregations of the figures that preceded them.

Defined Terms and key Performance Indicators in this Annual Report

Throughout this Annual Report, we use a number of key terms and provide a number of key performance indicators used by management. These key performance indicators are discussed in more detail in the sections entitled “Item 5: Operating and financial review and prospects -A. Operating Results”. We define these terms as follows:

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Market and Industry Data

We obtained the industry, market and competitive position data in this Annual Report from our own internal estimates, surveys and research as well as from publicly available information, industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third parties, such as reports by Bain & Company and Capgemini. Note Bain & Company and Capgemini are not affiliated with Mytheresa, and the information contained in this report has not been reviewed or endorsed by Bain & Company or Capgemini, as applicable.

Industry publications, research, surveys, studies and forecasts generally state that the information they contain has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable but that the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed. Forecasts and other forward-looking information obtained from these sources are subject to the same qualifications and uncertainties as the other forward-looking statements in this report. These forecasts and forward-looking information are subject to uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described under “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the forecasts or estimates from independent third parties and us.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Although we believe that these estimates and forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, they are subject to numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control, and are made in light of the information currently available to us. Our actual results or performance may differ materially from any future results or performance expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the following words: “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “ongoing,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words.

These statements involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from the information expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that we have a reasonable basis for each forward-looking statement contained in this Annual Report, we caution you that these statements are based on a combination of facts and factors currently known by us and our projections of the future, about which we cannot be certain. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should any of these assumptions prove incorrect, the Company’s actual operating and financial performance may vary in material respects from the performance projected in these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report and the factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements and factors about:

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You should refer to the “Risk Factors” section of this Annual Report for a discussion of other important factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. As a result of these factors, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements in this Annual Report will prove to be accurate.

In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Annual Report, and although we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted a thorough inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements. Furthermore, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. In light of the significant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us or any other person that we will achieve our objectives and plans in any specified time frame, or at all. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

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RISK FACTOR SUMMARY

Our ability to execute our strategy is also subject to certain risks. You should carefully consider all of the information set forth in this Annual Report and, in particular, should evaluate the specific factors set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in deciding whether to invest in our securities. These risks include, but are not limited to, the following:

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PART I

Item 1: Identity of directors, senior management and advisers

Not applicable.

Item 2: Offer statistics and expected timetable

Not applicable.

Item 3: Key Information

A. [Reserved]

B. Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not applicable.

C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

D. Risk Factors

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, which we believe are material risks of our business. Our business, financial condition, results of operations or growth prospects could be harmed by any of these risks. In such an event, the value of our securities could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. In assessing these risks, you should also refer to all of the other information contained in this report, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes. Please also see “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

The online luxury sector is highly competitive and if we do not compete effectively, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

The online luxury sector is highly competitive and fragmented. We compete for customers primarily with other global multi-brand online luxury retailers and online marketplaces, luxury mono-brand retailers and luxury multi-brand retailers, and to a lesser extent specialty retailers, department stores, apparel chains, stand-alone boutiques, traffic aggregators, luxury pre-owned and consignment stores, off-price retailers and flash sale websites. We believe our ability to compete depends on many factors within and beyond our control, including:

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Competition may increase as other established and emerging companies enter the markets in which we compete, as customer requirements evolve and as new products and technologies are introduced.

Many of our current competitors have, and potential competitors may have, longer operating histories, larger fulfillment infrastructures, greater technical capabilities, faster shipping times, lower-cost shipping, larger databases, greater financial, marketing, institutional and other resources and larger customer bases than we do. These factors may allow our competitors to derive greater net sales and profits from their existing customer bases, acquire customers at lower costs or respond more quickly than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in fashion trends and customer shopping behavior. These competitors may engage in extensive research and development efforts, enter or expand their presence in the online luxury market, undertake more far-reaching marketing campaigns, build stronger relationships with our brand partners, more effectively address our customers’ needs or adopt more aggressive pricing policies. Any of the foregoing may allow our competitors to acquire a larger and more lucrative customer base or generate net sales from their existing customer bases more effectively than we do and, as a result, may have an adverse impact on our results of operations.

Competition, along with other factors such as consolidation within the luxury retail industry, such as Farfetch’s recent acquisition of a significant stake in Yoox Net-a-Porter, Tapestry’s acquisition of Capri Holdings and other recent consolidations, and changes in customer spending patterns, could also result in significant pricing pressure. Such factors may result in the loss of brand partners or customers. If we lose customers, our brand partners could reduce or terminate their relationships with us and our results of operations and profitability could decline.

If we are unable to anticipate and respond to changing customer preferences and shifts in fashion and industry trends in a timely manner, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed.

The online personal goods luxury sector is driven in part by fashion and beauty trends, which may shift quickly. Our continued success depends on our ability to anticipate, gauge and react in a timely and cost-effective manner to the latest fashion trends, changes in customer preferences for products, customer attitudes toward our industry and brands and where and how customers shop for those products. We must continually work to develop, produce and market new and highly curated content to our sites, provide customers with products from coveted luxury brands, offer unique products, maintain and enhance the recognition of our brand and develop our approach as to how and where we market and sell products. We typically enter into agreements to purchase our merchandise in advance of the applicable selling season and our failure to anticipate, identify or react appropriately, or in a timely manner to changes in customer preferences, tastes and trends or economic conditions could lead to, among other things, missed opportunities, excess inventory or inventory shortages or delays, markdowns and write-offs, any of which could reduce our margins down, negatively impact our profitability and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Failure to respond to changing customer preferences and to gauge and anticipate upcoming fashion trends could also negatively impact our brand image with our customers and result in diminished customer loyalty.

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There is no assurance that customers will continue to purchase goods from us in the future. Customers may purchase fewer or lower-priced products if their discretionary income decreases. During periods of economic uncertainty, we may need to reduce prices in response to competitive pressures or otherwise to maintain sales, which could adversely affect relationships with our brand partners and consequently our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Any current or future health epidemic or other adverse public health development, such as the COVID-19 pandemic or other factors influencing consumer sentiment, could result in business disruption, supply chain disruption, sustained economic downturn, inflation, margin pressures and have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

Our business could be adversely affected by infectious disease outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in adverse economic conditions and business disruptions. For example, travel bans, forced business closures, and stay-at-home orders previously resulted in supply shortages and other business disruptions in many regions, in particular China, but with knock-on effect in other countries as well, which could also adversely affect demand. A substantial majority of our brand partners, offices and employees are located in Europe, and we currently ship most of our products from our distribution center in Heimstetten, outside Munich, Germany. As a result, as shown in the recent COVID-19 pandemic, any adverse public health development could disrupt somewhat our supply chain and distribution and fulfillment capabilities, including the delivery of merchandise from our brand partners and shipments of our merchandise to impacted regions or from our distribution center in Heimstetten and our new distribution center in Leipzig, Germany. Furthermore, many of our brand partners may close their retail stores, warehouses and/or distribution centers in response to a health epidemic, which could further interrupt our supply chain in the future.

Restrictions on travel, quarantines and other measures imposed in response to an outbreak, as well as ongoing concern regarding its potential impact, would reasonably be likely to have a negative effect on the economies, financial markets and business activities of global market, resulting in inflationary pressure and worker shortages. Global financial markets may experience significant losses and volatility as a result of these conditions. An extended economic downturn and increased inflation that may result from these measures could negatively impact customer demand and spending in the impacted regions, and cause an oversupply of inventory that could lead to markdowns or promotional sales to dispose of excess inventory, which could force us to follow suit and have an adverse effect on our gross margins and results of operations.

The luxury fashion industry can be volatile and difficult to predict.

In the luxury fashion industry, customer demand can quickly change depending on many factors, including the behavior of both online and brick and mortar competitors, promotional activities of competitors, rapidly changing tastes and preferences, frequent introductions of new products and services, advances in technology and the internet and macroeconomic factors, many of which are beyond our control. With this constantly changing environment, our future business strategies, practices and results may not meet expectations or respond quickly enough to customer demand, and we may face operational difficulties in adjusting to any changes. Any of these developments could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Our continued success is substantially dependent on positive perceptions of our brand which, if eroded, could adversely affect our customer, employee and brand partner relationships.

Customer complaints or negative publicity about our sites, products, third-party vendors, product delivery times, logistics providers, such as DHL, FedEx and UPS, social media providers, customer support, customer data handling or security practices, especially on blogs and social media platforms, could rapidly and severely diminish use of our sites and current and potential customers’ and brand partners’ confidence in us, which could result in harm to our brand and our business. We believe that some of the growth in our customer base to date has originated from social media, influencer marketing and affiliate marketing. If we are not able to develop and maintain positive relationships with our influencer and affiliate marketing partners, or if we or such partners are targets of negative publicity, including in connection with reactions to social or political events, such as the war in Ukraine, the Black Lives Matter movement or protests against the use of fur, on social media, our ability to promote and maintain awareness of our sites and brands and leverage social media platforms to drive customers to our sites may be adversely affected, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

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We depend on the success of our advertising efforts. If we fail to acquire new customers through our marketing effort in a cost-effective manner or at all we may not be able to increase net sales or maintain profitability.

Our success depends on the success of our marketing efforts in acquiring customers in a cost-effective manner. Our advertising efforts primarily comprise brand and performance-based advertising, public relations and events. In order to expand our customer base, we must appeal to and acquire customers who have historically used other means of shopping for luxury goods and may prefer alternatives to our offerings, such as traditional brick-and-mortar retailers and the websites of our competitors. We make significant investments related to customer acquisition and expect to continue to spend significant amounts to acquire additional customers. For example, our performance-based advertising includes paid search/product listing ads, affiliate networks, display prospecting and retargeting and other digital channels.

In addition to our performance-based advertising, we may use third-party social media platforms as, among other things, marketing tools. For example, we currently maintain Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, YouTube, Weibo, WeChat, and Naver accounts. As existing e-commerce and social media platforms continue to rapidly evolve and new platforms develop, we must continue to maintain a presence on these platforms and establish a presence on new or emerging popular social media platforms. If we are unable to cost-effectively use some of our social media platforms as marketing tools or if the social media platforms we use do not evolve quickly enough for us to optimize our use of such platforms, our ability to attract new customers and our financial condition may suffer. Furthermore, as laws and regulations rapidly evolve to govern the use of these platforms, the failure by us or our employees to abide by applicable laws and regulations in the use of these platforms or otherwise could subject us to regulatory investigations, class action lawsuits, liability, fines or other penalties and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are also subject to certain risks due to our reliance on digital channels in our advertising efforts. Digital channels change their algorithms and policies periodically, and our rankings in organic searches and visibility in social media feeds could be adversely affected by those changes. This has occurred in the past and required us to increase our spending on paid marketing to offset the loss in traffic. Further, digital platforms such as Apple and Google have announced changes to their privacy policies that, as implemented, could adversely affect our ability to provide more relevant online advertisements to the most relevant potential customers. Search engine companies may also determine that we are not in compliance with their guidelines and penalize us in their algorithms. Even with an increase in marketing spend to offset any loss in search engine optimization traffic as a result of algorithm changes, the recovery period in organic traffic may span multiple quarters or years. If digital platforms change their policies or penalize us with their algorithms, terms of service, display and featuring of search results, or if competition increases for advertisements, we may be unable to cost-effectively attract customers. As competition for online advertising has increased, the cost for some of these services has also increased.

In addition, we partner with influential figures and social media and celebrity influencers within the fashion and entertainment industry in order to promote our sites. Such campaigns are expensive and may not result in the cost-effective acquisition of new customers. Further, the competition for relationships with influencers is increasing, and the cost of maintaining such relationships will likely increase. In addition, we do not prescribe what our influencers post, and if we were held responsible for the content of their posts or their actions, we could be forced to alter our practices, which could have an adverse impact on our business. Influencers, designers and celebrities with whom we maintain relationships could engage in behavior or use their platforms to communicate directly with our customers in a manner that reflects poorly on our brand and may be attributed to us or otherwise adversely affect us. The harm may be immediate, without affording us an opportunity for redress or correction.

The net profit from new customers we acquire may not ultimately exceed the cost of acquiring those customers. Furthermore, we may have to increase the intensity of our promotional efforts and expenditures or offer more incentives than we currently anticipate in order to attract additional online consumers and convert them into purchasing consumers, which could negatively impact our margins. If we fail to deliver an exclusive shopping experience, or if customers do not perceive the products we offer as unique luxury pieces reflecting the latest fashion trends, we may not be able to acquire new customers. If we are unable to acquire new customers who purchase an amount of merchandise sufficient to grow our business, we may not be able to generate the necessary growth to drive beneficial network effects with our brand partners, our net sales may decrease, and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

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Our failure to retain existing customers or to maintain average order value or customer spending levels may impair our net sales growth, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

A significant portion of our net sales are generated from sales to existing customers, particularly those existing customers who are highly engaged and make frequent and/or large purchases of the merchandise we offer. In fiscal 2023, the top 3.5% of our customers accounted for approximately 37.5% of our gross sales. If existing customers no longer find our offerings appealing or shift their shopping and purchasing preferences back to brick-and-mortar stores now that substantially all COVID-19 pandemic measures have eased, or if we are unable to timely update our offerings to meet current trends and customer demands, our existing customers may make fewer or smaller purchases in the future. A decrease in the number of our existing customers who make repeat purchases or a decrease in their spending on the merchandise we offer could negatively impact our results of operations. Further, we believe that our future success will depend in part on our ability to increase sales to our existing customers over time, and if we are unable to do so, our business may suffer. If we fail to generate repeat purchases or maintain high levels of customer engagement and average spend, our financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects could be adversely affected.

In addition, for our most valued customers, we invest in hosting exclusive events, personal shoppers and in-person styling sessions in various international locations. If our investments in such personal events do not generate sufficient net sales growth from our top customers, if we are unable to retain our most valued customers or if they do not purchase an amount of merchandise sufficient to grow our business, we may not be able to generate the necessary growth to drive beneficial network effects with our brand partners, our net sales may decrease and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

Our failure to maintain strong relationships with our brand partners could limit our ability to provide differentiated luxury merchandise and harm our business and prospects.

Our relationships with established brand partners are a key factor in our success. Many of our brand partners limit the number of retail and wholesale channels that they use to sell their merchandise, and we have no guaranteed supply arrangements with our brand partners. Nearly all of our luxury brands are sold by competing retailers and have their own proprietary retail stores and/or websites that compete with us. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that any of our brand partners will continue to sell to us or to meet our quality, style and volume requirements. Some of our brand partners also impose geographical restrictions where we are allowed to sell their products. Other brand partners may, in the future, also restrict our ability to sell their products in certain regions. Our failure to offer our brand partners the ability to present their products in a manner that preserves brand integrity could have an adverse impact on our relationships with such brand partners.

Our distribution model has evolved and will likely also evolve over time and includes, among other distribution models, arrangements where a brand partner retains inventory ownership and in some cases directly ships to the customer while we are paid a commission by the brand partner. Any such distribution model could result in changes to our future revenue composition, inventory levels and margins, with a possible negative effect on our future net sales growth rate and gross margin, which could result in an adverse market reaction. In addition, our brand and reputation could be adversely affected if we are not able to continue controlling the full customer experience associated with shopping on our site. In addition, under the curated platform model, we may be required by the brand partner to share customer data, subject to the customer’s active consent in compliance with GDPR and other privacy laws, which could result in a dilution of the customer relationship over time.

Brand partner relationships could also be adversely impacted if we are not able to sell our brand partners’ products at full price and instead offer such products at discounted prices. Where we do consider it commercially sensible to discount our brand partners’ products to manage inventory or for other reasons (which we carefully evaluate in each case), this action could undermine the pricing and customer acquisition strategies of our brand partners and in turn indirectly reduce their net sales.

Our partnership with the Vestiaire Collective, which offers a resale service dedicated to our high-end luxury customers, could also adversely affect our brand partner relationships. Engaging in partnerships with resale service providers could be perceived by our brand partners as competitive with their own luxury goods, which could result in reduced sales for the brand partners’ goods. Accordingly, brand partners may be less willing to provide us with differentiated luxury merchandise for upcoming seasons, which could have an adverse effect on our relationships with high-end customers.

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During periods of adverse change in general economic, industry or competitive conditions, some of our brand partners may experience cash flow issues, reductions in available credit from banks, factors or other financial institutions, or increases in the cost of capital. In response to those conditions or to concerns about the financial condition of us or our affiliates, such brand partners may attempt to increase their prices, alter historical credit and payment terms available to us or take other actions. Certain of our brand partners use third party trade credits on the basis of orders placed by us to subsidize a portion of their production costs. In certain cases, this has prompted brand partners to alter historical credit and payment terms available to us. They may also experience problems in their supply chains which could delay deliveries of their products to us. If this were to recur in the future, it could disrupt our merchandise sourcing and order fulfilment and adversely affect our liquidity.

We rely on customer discretionary spending, which may be adversely affected by economic downturns, inflation and other macroeconomic conditions or trends.

We sell luxury fashion merchandise. Although the market for luxury goods is less sensitive to economic downturns than markets for ordinary goods, purchases of merchandise by our customers are nonetheless discretionary, and therefore dependent upon the level of customer spending, particularly among affluent customers. As a result, our business and results of operations are subject to global economic conditions and their impact on customer discretionary spending. Some factors that may negatively influence customer spending include high levels of unemployment, increased inflation, higher customer debt levels, reductions in net worth, adverse health developments, declines in asset values and related market uncertainty, home foreclosures and reductions in home values, fluctuating interest rates and credit availability, fluctuating fuel and other energy costs, fluctuating commodity prices, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and national and global geo-political and economic uncertainty, including in connection with tariffs or trade laws. Economic conditions in certain regions may also be affected by natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tropical storms and wildfires, public health crises, political crises, such as the war in Ukraine, terrorist attacks, war and other political instability or other unexpected events, and such events could also disrupt our operations, internet or mobile networks or the operations of one or more of our third-party service providers. For example, if any such disaster were to impact our flagship store or distribution centers in Heimstetten or Leipzig, Germany, our results of operations could be adversely affected. Customer purchases of discretionary items, including the merchandise that we offer, may decline during periods of economic uncertainty, when disposable income is reduced or when there is a reduction in customer confidence.

Adverse economic changes could reduce customer confidence, and thereby could negatively affect our results of operations. A reduction in customer spending or disposable income may affect us more significantly than companies in other industries and companies with a more diversified product offering. In addition, negative national or global economic conditions may adversely affect our access to and cost of capital, our brand partners’ financial performance, liquidity and access to capital, which may affect their production levels and/or product quality and could cause them to raise prices, lower production levels or cease their operations. In challenging and uncertain economic environments, we cannot predict when macroeconomic uncertainty may arise, whether or when such circumstances may improve or worsen or what impact such circumstances could have on our business.

Any adverse impact on our relationship with the limited number of brand partners from whom we generate a significant portion of our net sales could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

If one or more of these brand partners were to (i) limit the supply of merchandise made available to us, (ii) increase the supply of merchandise made available to our competitors, (iii) increase the supply of merchandise made available to their own proprietary retail stores and websites or significantly increase the number of their proprietary retail stores, or (iv) cease the distribution of their merchandise to us, our business, net sales, earnings and profitability could be adversely affected. Any decline in the quality or popularity of our top designer brands could also adversely affect our business.

The failure of one or more of these brand partners to supply their products to us on a timely basis, or at all, or at the prices we expect, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, our brand partners may:

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Any of these factors could have an adverse impact on our relationships with such brand partners and the volume or timing of our purchases from such brand partners and could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

If our brand partners or service providers do not continue to produce products or provide services that are consistent with our standards or applicable regulatory requirements, this could adversely affect the quality of our collections, cause customer dissatisfaction and harm our reputation.

We do not own or operate any manufacturing facilities or design the merchandise we sell. The ability of our brand partners to design, manufacture and supply us with their products may be affected by competing orders placed by other retailers and the demands of those retailers. If we experience significant increases in demand, or need to replace a significant amount of merchandise, there can be no assurance that additional supply will be available when required on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all, or that any brand supplier will allocate sufficient capacity to us in order to meet our requirements.

In addition, quality control problems, such as the use of materials and delivery of products that do not meet our quality control standards and specifications or comply with applicable laws or regulations, could harm our business. All products presented on our website have followed a rigorous selection process and quality is an integral part of this selection process. Upon reception of all goods within our warehouses, the quality of the product is controlled and quality control problems could result in regulatory action, such as restrictions on importation, products of inferior quality or product stock outages or shortages, which could harm our sales and create inventory write-downs for unusable products. We have also outsourced portions of our distribution process, as well as certain technology-related functions, to third-party service providers. Specifically, we rely on third parties in a number of foreign countries and territories, and we rely on third parties for credit card processing, hosting and networking for our sites. The failure of one or more of these entities to provide the expected services on a timely basis, or at all, or at the prices we expect, or the costs and disruption incurred in moving these outsourced functions under our management and direct control or that of another third party, may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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Our failure to successfully introduce new product categories could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

As part of our ongoing business strategy we expect to introduce new products in our traditional product categories of clothing, shoes, bags and accessories, while also expanding our product launches into adjacent categories in which we may have little to no operating experience. We launched Mytheresa Kids in 2019, Mytheresa Men in January 2020 and Mytheresa Life in May 2022 to expand our curated offering to these large and underserved categories. If we are unable to effectively market these categories to new and existing customers, the launch of these product lines may not be as successful as we anticipate. Our inability to successfully introduce new products in our traditional categories or in adjacent categories could limit our future growth and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Any disruptions at our flagship stores could negatively affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

We generate a portion of our net sales (approximately 2% in fiscal 2023) from our Munich flagship store and, our men’s store, which is also located in Munich. As a result, we are more vulnerable to economic and other conditions affecting the metropolitan region surrounding Munich than our more geographically diversified competitors. Factors that may affect our results of operations include, among other things, adverse health developments, changes in demographics, population and employee bases, wage increases, future changes in economic conditions, severe weather conditions and winter storms. Any events or circumstances that negatively affect the region could adversely affect our net sales and profitability. Such conditions may result in reduced customer traffic and spending in our store, physical damage to our store, loss of inventory or closure of our store. Any of these factors may disrupt our business and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be unable to accurately forecast net sales and appropriately plan our expenses in the future.

We base our current and future expense levels on our operating forecasts and estimates of future net sales, gross margins and bottom-up estimates of functional cost increases. Net sales and results of operations are difficult to forecast because the purchasing behavior of our existing customers as well as our success in acquiring new customers may vary and is subject to global economic and health conditions. In addition, our historical growth rates, trends and other key performance metrics may not be meaningful predictors of future growth. Our business is affected by general economic and business conditions in the European Union and in the other international markets in which we operate. In addition, we experience shifts in overall sale seasons in our business, and our mix of product offerings is variable from day-to-day and quarter-to-quarter. This variability makes it difficult to predict sales and could result in significant fluctuations in our net sales, margins and profitability. Some of our expenses are fixed, and as a result, we may be unable to adjust our spending in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected shortfall in net sales. Any failure to accurately predict net sales could cause our results of operations to be lower than expected, which could adversely affect our financial condition and the value of our securities.

Our recent growth rates may not be sustainable or indicative of our future growth.

Our historical net sales and profitability may not be indicative of our future performance. We may not be successful in executing our growth strategy, and even if we achieve our strategic plan, we may not be able to sustain profitability. In future periods, our net sales and profitability could decline or grow more slowly than we expect.

We believe that our continued growth will depend upon, among other factors, our ability to:

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We cannot assure you we will be able to achieve any of the foregoing. Our customer base may not continue to grow or may decline as a result of increased competition and the maturation of our business. Failure to sustain our growth could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and on the value of our securities.

Additionally, we expect our costs to continue to increase in future periods due to, among other items, inflation, regulatory requirements, competitive pressures, commodity price increases and increased labor costs, which could negatively affect our future results of operations and ability to sustain profitability. We expect to continue to expend substantial financial and other resources on acquiring and retaining customers, our technology infrastructure and the development of new features, sales and marketing, international expansion, including expansion into the United States, and expenses related to being a public company. These investments may not result in increased net sales or growth in our business. If we cannot successfully earn net sales at a rate that exceeds the costs associated with our business, we will not be able to sustain profitability or generate positive cash flow on a sustained basis and our net sales growth rate may decline. If we fail to continue to increase our net sales and grow our overall business, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be adversely affected.

We are also required to manage numerous relationships with various brand partners and other third parties. Further growth of our operations, fulfillment infrastructure, information technology systems or internal controls and procedures may not be adequate to support our operations. If we are unable to manage the growth of our organization effectively, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

Our quarterly results of operations may fluctuate, which could cause the value of our securities price to decline.

Our quarterly results of operations may fluctuate for a variety of reasons, many of which are beyond our control. These reasons include those described in these risk factors as well as the following:

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Fluctuations in our quarterly results of operations may cause those results to fall below the expectations of analysts or investors, which could cause the value of our securities to decline. Fluctuations in our results could also cause a number of other difficulties. For example, analysts or investors might change their models for valuing our securities, we could experience short-term liquidity issues, our ability to retain or attract key personnel may diminish and other unanticipated issues may arise.

In addition, we believe that our quarterly results of operations may vary in the future and that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations may not be meaningful. For example, our historical growth may have overshadowed the shifts in the overall effect of sale seasons on our historical results of operations. These shifts in the overall effect of sale seasons may become more pronounced over time, which could also cause our results of operations to fluctuate. You should not rely on the results of one quarter as an indication of future performance.

If we are unable to manage fluctuations in exchange rates effectively, our results of operations may be adversely affected.

We are exposed to market risk from fluctuations in foreign currencies. Material portions of our net sales and expenses have been generated by our operations outside the European Union, and we expect that these operations will account for a material portion of our net sales and expenses in the future. We use foreign service vendors whose costs are affected by the fluctuation of their local currency against the Euro or who price their services in currencies other than the Euro, including the British Pound, U.S. Dollar and Swiss Franc. We have also generated significant sales in foreign locations, principally the United Kingdom, the United States, China, South Korea, and the Middle East. Our brand partners may also be impacted by currency exchange rate fluctuations with respect to the purchase of fabric and other raw materials and could pass any such increased costs on to us. We may not be able to pass increased prices on to customers, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

Certain of our key operating metrics are subject to inherent challenges in measurement, and real or perceived inaccuracies in such metrics may harm our reputation and negatively affect our business.

We track certain key operating metrics using internal data analytics tools, which have certain limitations. In addition, we rely on data received from third parties, including third-party platforms, to track certain performance indicators. Data from such sources may include information relating to fraudulent accounts and interactions with our sites (including as a result of the use of bots, or other automated or manual mechanisms to generate false impressions that are delivered through our sites or their accounts). We have only a limited ability to verify data from our sites or third parties, and perpetrators of fraudulent impressions may change their tactics and may become more sophisticated, which would make it more difficult to detect such activity.

Our methodologies for tracking metrics may also change over time, which could result in changes to the metrics we report. If we under or over count performance due to the internal data analytics tools we use or issues with the operating data received from third parties, or if our internal data analytics tools contain algorithmic or other technical errors, the operating data we report may not be accurate or comparable with prior periods. In addition, limitations, changes or errors with respect to how we measure operating data may affect our understanding of certain details of our business, which could affect our longer-term strategies.

If our operating metrics are not accurate representations of the reach or monetization of our offerings and network, if we discover material inaccuracies in our metrics or the operating data on which such metrics are based, or if we can no longer calculate any of our key operating metrics with a sufficient degree of accuracy and cannot find an adequate replacement for such metrics, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

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If we are unable to manage our inventory effectively, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our business requires us to manage a large volume of inventory effectively. We add a total of approximately 800 new apparel, footwear, accessories and fine jewelry to our sites in a typical week, and we depend on our forecasts of demand for and popularity of various products to make purchase decisions and to manage our inventory of SKUs. Demand for products, however, can change significantly between the time inventory is ordered and the date of sale. Demand may be affected by shifts in overall sale seasons, new product launches, rapid changes in product cycles and pricing, product defects, excess inventory at peers and thus an unforeseen high level of promotions in the market, changes in customer spending patterns, changes in customer tastes with respect to the products we offer and other factors, and our customers may not purchase products in the quantities that we expect.

Seasonality in our business does not follow that of traditional retailers, such as typical concentration of net sales in the holiday quarter since our business is worldwide. Given shifts in overall sale seasons, it may be difficult to accurately forecast demand and determine appropriate levels of product. We generally do not have the right to return unsold products to our brand partners, and in the cases where we do have a right to return to vendor in exchange for a credit note, we remain subject to credit risk of our brand partners. If we fail to manage our inventory effectively or negotiate favorable credit and return to vendor terms with third-party suppliers, we may be subject to a heightened risk of inventory obsolescence, a decline in inventory values, reduce margins and inventory write-downs or write-offs. In addition, if we are required to lower sale prices in order to reduce inventory levels, our profit margins might be negatively affected, and such price reductions may harm our relationships with our brand partners. Any of the above, including the economic uncertainty resulting from the continued war in Ukraine, may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Increased merchandise returns above current levels could harm our business.

We allow our customers to return products, subject to our return policy. If the rate of merchandise returns increases significantly or if merchandise return economics become less efficient, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed. Further, we modify our policies relating to returns from time to time, which may result in customer dissatisfaction or an increase in the number of product returns. From time to time, our products are damaged in transit, and any increase in the occurrence of such damages can increase return rates and harm our business.

Our ability to timely deliver merchandise to customers is currently primarily dependent on two distribution facilities. If we suffer a loss of, or disruption in, our distribution facilities, our business and operations could be adversely affected.

Our ability to timely deliver merchandise to customers is primarily dependent on two distribution facilities in Heimstetten and Leipzig as well as certain brand partners who fulfill orders directly. Although we recently opened the new distribution facility and warehouse in Leipzig, we could be subject to disruptions in our fulfillment capacity as we operate the Leipzig facility until we are able to optimize our procedures and processes and train the workforce. If we do not have sufficient fulfillment capacity, experience disruptions to order fulfillment or deliveries by our brand partners are not timely, our customers may experience delivery delays, which could harm our reputation and our relationship with our customers.

We have designed and built our own fulfillment infrastructure, which is tailored to meet the specific needs of our business. If we continue to add or change our fulfillment and warehouse capabilities, add new businesses or categories with different fulfillment requirements or change the mix of products that we sell, our fulfillment network will become increasingly complex, could be subject to workforce disruption risks and increase the challenges to sustain cost-effective operations. If we are unable to adequately staff our fulfillment center to meet demand or if the cost of such staffing is higher than historical or projected costs due to mandated wage increases, regulatory changes, international expansion or other factors, our results of operations could be harmed. In addition, operating and optimizing our fulfillment network comes with potential risks, such as workplace safety issues and employment claims for the failure or alleged failure to comply with labor laws or laws respecting union organizing activities. Any such issues may result in delays in shipping times or packing quality, and our reputation and results of operations may be harmed.

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We expect that our current and projected capacity will support our near-term growth plans. Over the long term, we may be unable to locate suitable facilities on commercially acceptable terms in accordance with our expansion plans and to recruit qualified managerial and operational personnel to support our expansion plans. If we grow faster than we anticipate, we may exceed our fulfillment center capacity sooner than we anticipate, we may experience problems fulfilling orders in a timely manner or our customers may experience delays in receiving their purchases, and we would need to increase our capital expenditures more than anticipated. Many of the expenses and investments with respect to our fulfillment center are fixed, and any expansion of our fulfillment center infrastructure will require additional investment of capital. We expect to incur higher capital expenditures in the future for our fulfillment center operations in the future. We may incur such expenses or make such investments in advance of expected sales, and such expected sales may not occur. If we are unable to secure new facilities for the expansion of our fulfillment operations or to effectively control expansion-related expenses, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be adversely affected.

Our results of operations could be adversely affected by natural disasters, public health crises, political crises or other catastrophic events.

Natural disasters, unforeseen public health crises, political crises or other catastrophic events, whether occurring in the European Union or internationally, could disrupt our operations in any of our offices and logistics centers or the operations of one or more of our brand partners or other third parties we do business with. In particular, these types of events could impact our merchandise supply chain, including our ability to ship merchandise to customers from or to the impacted region, and could impact our ability or the ability of third parties to operate our sites and ship merchandise. In addition, these types of events could negatively impact customer spending in the impacted regions. To the extent any of these events occur, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Any changes in our shipping arrangements or any interruptions in shipping could adversely affect our results of operations.

We primarily rely on three major vendors for our shipping, DHL, FedEx, and UPS. If we are not able to negotiate acceptable pricing and other terms with these entities, if they significantly increase their shipping charges or they experience performance problems, such as responses to adverse health developments, inflation or worker shortages or work stoppages, or other difficulties, it could negatively impact our results of operations and our customer experience. In addition, our ability to receive inbound inventory efficiently and ship merchandise to customers may be negatively affected by adverse health developments and related response measures, inclement weather, fire, flood, power loss, earthquakes, labor disputes, acts of war or terrorism, trade embargoes and similar factors. For example, strikes at major international shipping ports may in the future impact our supply of inventory from our brand partners, and the trade disputes between the United States, the European Union, Russia, China and certain other regions could lead to increased tariffs on our goods and restrict the flow of the goods between the United States, the European Union, Russia and China. We are also subject to risks of damage or loss during delivery by our shipping vendors. Any of these factors could result in reduced sales or canceled orders, which may limit our growth and damage our reputation. If our merchandise is not delivered in a timely fashion or is damaged or lost during the delivery process, our customers could become dissatisfied and cease shopping on our sites, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Our business, including our costs and supply chain, is subject to risks associated with sourcing and warehousing.

All the merchandise we offer on our sites is sourced directly from our brand partners, and as a result we may be subject to price fluctuations or supply disruptions. Our results of operations would be negatively impacted by increases in the prices of our merchandise, and we have no guarantees that prices will not rise. In addition, as we expand into new categories and product types, it is possible that we may not have strong purchasing power in these new areas, which could lead to higher prices than we have historically seen in our current categories. We may not be able to pass increased prices on to customers, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Moreover, in the event of a significant disruption in the supply of the fabrics or raw materials used in the manufacture of the merchandise we offer, our brand partners may not be able to locate alternative suppliers of materials of comparable quality at an acceptable price. We may incur additional expenses and our reputation could be harmed if customers or potential customers believe that our merchandise does not meet their expectations, is not properly labeled or is damaged.

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We are subject to payment-related risks.

We accept payments using a variety of methods, including credit card, Mytheresa gift cards, debit card, PayPal, Alipay, and WeChat Pay, in addition to cash in our store, which subjects us to certain regulations and the risk of fraud, and we may in the future offer new payment options to customers that would be subject to additional regulations and risks. We pay interchange and other fees in connection with credit card payments, which may increase over time and adversely affect our operating results. We primarily rely on Adyen as payment processor. If this third party payment processor were to experience an interruption, delay or service unavailability or if we transition to a new third party payment processor and the transition results in interruption, delay or service unavailability, we may not be able to process payments on a timely basis. Although we use third parties to process payments, our processes must comply with payment card association operating rules and certification requirements, including the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (“PCI-DSS”) and rules governing electronic funds transfers, the EU Regulation on regulatory technical standards for strong customer authentication and common and secure open standards of communication and the EU Directive on payment services in the internal market. If we fail to comply with applicable rules and regulations of any provider of a payment method we accept, if the volume of fraud in our transactions triggers limits or terminates our rights to use payment methods we currently accept, or if a data breach occurs relating to our payment systems, we may be subject to fines or higher transaction fees and may lose our ability to accept online payments or other payment card transactions. If services of our payment providers are interrupted, harmed or such payment providers are subject to fraud or cyber security attacks, this may result in the data protection of our customers being compromised and the access, public disclosure, loss or theft of their personal information, as well as an inability to process their payments. Further, we occasionally receive orders placed with fraudulent data. Under current credit and debit card practices, we may be liable for fraudulent transactions. As a result, we may suffer losses as a result of orders placed with fraudulent data even if the associated financial institution approved payment of the orders. We would also likely suffer a reputational impact with our customers. If any of these events were to occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We may incur significant losses from fraud.

We have in the past incurred and may in the future incur losses from various types of fraud, including stolen credit card numbers, claims that a customer did not authorize a purchase, merchant fraud and customers who have closed bank accounts or have insufficient funds in bank accounts to satisfy payments. Although we have measures in place to detect and reduce the occurrence of fraudulent activity on our sites and in our store, those measures may not always be effective. In addition to the direct costs of such losses, if the fraud is related to credit card transactions and becomes excessive, it could potentially result in us paying higher fees or losing the right to accept credit cards for payment. In addition, under current credit card practices, we are liable for fraudulent credit card transactions because we do not obtain a cardholder’s signature.

Our failure to adequately prevent fraudulent transactions could damage our reputation, result in litigation or regulatory action and lead to expenses that could substantially impact our results of operations.

The continuing impact of the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union may have a negative effect on global economic conditions, financial markets and our business.

We are a multinational company with worldwide operations, including significant business operations in Europe. The U.K.’s exit from the European Union, as well as the possibility of initiatives by other European countries to withdraw from the European Union, has created significant uncertainty about the future relationships between the United Kingdom, the European Union and other member states within the European Union.

These developments, or the perception that other European countries could withdraw from the European Union, have had and may continue to have a material adverse effect on global economic conditions and the stability of global financial markets, and could significantly reduce global market liquidity and restrict the ability of key market participants to operate in certain financial markets. Asset valuations, currency exchange rates and credit ratings may be especially subject to increased market volatility. Lack of clarity about future U.K. laws and regulations, including financial laws and regulations, tax and free trade agreements, immigration laws and employment laws, could increase costs, depress economic activity, impair our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. Any of these factors may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

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Parties with whom we do business may be subject to insolvency risks or may otherwise become unable or unwilling to perform their obligations with us.

In addition to our brand partners, we are party to contracts, transactions and business relationships with third parties, including with respect to shipping, payment processing and data hosting, pursuant to which such third parties have performance, payment and other obligations. If any of these third parties were to become subject to bankruptcy, receivership or similar proceedings, our rights and benefits in relation to our contracts, transactions and business relationships with such third parties could be terminated, modified in a manner adverse to us, or otherwise impaired.

We may be unable to arrange for alternate or replacement contracts, transactions or business relationships on terms as favorable as our existing contracts, transactions or business relationships, if at all. Any inability on our part to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

We may expand our business through acquisitions of other businesses, which may divert management’s attention, result in shareholder dilution, increase our leverage ratios and/or prove to be unsuccessful.

We may acquire additional businesses or technologies from time to time. Acquisitions may divert management’s time and focus from operating our business. Acquisitions also may require us to spend a substantial portion of our available cash, issue additional shares, incur debt or other liabilities, amortize expenses related to intangible assets or incur write-offs of goodwill or other assets. In addition, integrating an acquired business or technology is risky.

Moreover, we may not benefit from our acquisitions in the manner or time frame we expect, such as achieving synergies to reduce costs, expansion into new markets or product categories, etc. The issuance of issue additional shares in connection with an acquisition would also likely cause dilution to our shareholders. Finally, acquisitions could be viewed negatively by analysts, investors or our customers.

Due to our global business we are exposed to different local cultures, standards and policies.

Given that we operate globally, with customers in over 130 countries, we are exposed to many different local cultures, standards and policies. The business model we employ and the merchandise we currently offer may not have the same appeal to our various international customers, and purchasing behaviors may vary region to region. Due to the international nature of our business, our success in the international markets may depend on a variety of factors, including:

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If we invest substantial time and resources to establish and expand our operations in various international markets and are unable to do so successfully and in a timely manner, our results of operations would suffer. In addition, if we are not able to attract new customers and retain existing customers in such markets, we might not be able to grow our business, which may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

We conduct business in China, and we and our brand partners may be subject to negative publicity in China and other risks, which could damage our reputation and have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

We sell goods and ship products into China. Conducting business in China exposes us to political, legal and economic risks. In particular, the political, legal and economic climate in China, both nationally and regionally, is fluid and unpredictable. Our brand could be subject to adverse publicity if incidents related to our image or the products we sell occur or are perceived to have occurred, whether or not we are at fault. In particular, given the popularity of social media, including WeChat and Weibo in China, any negative publicity, regardless of its truthfulness, could quickly proliferate and harm consumer perceptions of and confidence in our company. Furthermore, our ability to successfully position our brand could be adversely affected by perceptions of the quality of our brand partners’ products and services. We may also be affected by adverse publicity related to our brand partners or our marketing partners, whether or not such publicity is related to their collaboration with us. In recent years, luxury fashion brands have experienced Chinese boycotts of their products as a result of politically or racially offensive products, ads and statements made by individuals associated with the brands. In addition, ongoing trade restrictions between US and China may have a negative impact on us trading products made in one territory and selling it into the other territory. Incidents such as these may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Further, recent regulatory efforts in China to limit or restrict luxury consumption and displays of wealth by high net worth individuals in China could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations in China.

In addition, our ability to ensure a significant step-change sales growth in China depends on our ability to secure a partner to provide better access to high-end luxury consumers in China. If we are unable to secure a partner in China, we may experience an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations in China, which may result in an adverse market reaction from institutional investors and analysts.

Climate change and related regulatory responses as well as customer and investor awareness of ESG issues may adversely impact our business.

There is increasing concern that a gradual increase in global average temperatures due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will cause significant changes in weather patterns around the globe and an increase in the frequency and severity of natural disasters. Changes in weather patterns and an increased frequency, intensity and duration of extreme weather conditions could, among other things, adversely impact the cultivation of cotton, which is a key resource our brand partners use to make the products that we sell, disrupt our brand partners’ supply chain operations, increase the cost of our brand partners’ products and impact the types of products that customers purchase. As a result, the effects of climate change could have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations.

In many countries, governmental bodies are increasingly enacting legislation and regulations in response to the potential impacts of climate change. These laws and regulations, which may be mandatory, have the potential to impact our operations indirectly as a result of required compliance by our brand partners and the manufacturers of their products. In addition, we are active in an industry that is not considered to be environmentally sustainable and we depend on shipping logistics, which lead to a high output of carbon dioxide. As a result, our customers might refuse to acquire merchandise from us and turn to more sustainable competitors or refrain from acquiring luxury products at all. Further, any delays in achieving our ESG goals may result in a loss of customers and investors who prioritize companies that publicly disclose their sustainability efforts and results. If we take steps to voluntarily mitigate our impact on climate change and other ESG issues, we may experience increases in energy and transportation costs, operating expenses, capital expenditures or insurance premiums and deductibles. Inconsistency of legislation and regulations among jurisdictions may also affect the costs of compliance with such laws and regulations. Any assessment of the potential impact of future climate change legislation, regulations or industry standards, as well as any international treaties and accords, is uncertain given the wide scope of potential regulatory change in the countries in which we operate or conduct business.

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System interruptions that impair customer access to our sites or other performance failures in our technology infrastructure could damage our business, reputation and brand and substantially harm our business and results of operations.

Approximately 98% of our consolidated net sales for fiscal 2023 were generated from sales on our sites. The satisfactory performance, reliability and availability of our sites, transaction-processing systems and technology infrastructure are critical to our reputation and our ability to acquire and retain customers, as well as maintain adequate customer service levels.

We outsource the vast majority of our cloud infrastructure to Amazon Web Services (“AWS”), which hosts our sites and products. In addition, we use Akamai Technologies, Inc. as our primary content delivery network vendor, which focuses on delivering point-cloud solutions (together with AWS, our “Hosting Providers”). Our customers must have the ability to access our sites at any time, without interruption or degradation of performance. Our Hosting Providers run their own platforms upon which our sites and products depend, and we are, therefore, vulnerable to service interruptions at each Hosting Provider. We have experienced, and in the future we may experience interruptions, delays and outages in service and availability from time to time due to a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, human or software errors, website hosting disruptions and capacity constraints. Capacity constraints could be due to a number of potential causes including technical failures, natural disasters, fraud or security attacks. In addition, if our security, or that of one of our Hosting Providers, is compromised, our sites or products are unavailable or our users are unable to access our products within a reasonable amount of time or at all, then our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. We note that our ability to conduct security audits on our Hosting Providers is limited. In some instances, we may not be able to identify and/or remedy the cause or causes of these performance problems within a period of time acceptable to our customers. It may become increasingly difficult to maintain and improve our sites performance, especially during peak usage times. To the extent that we do not effectively address capacity constraints, either through our Hosting Providers or alternative providers of cloud infrastructure, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected. In addition, any changes in service levels from our Hosting Providers may adversely affect our ability to meet our customers’ requirements.

Our increased reliance on cloud-based services may subject us to increased risk of slowdown or interruption as a result of integration with such services or failures by such third parties, which are out of our control. Our net sales depend on the number of visitors who shop on our sites and the volume of orders we can handle. Unavailability of our sites or reduced order fulfillment performance would reduce the volume of goods sold and could also adversely affect customer perception of our brand. In particular, we have in the past and may in the future experience slowdowns or interruptions on our sites during updates. Currently, our sites are typically unavailable for a short period of time while software updates are being installed. We may also experience other periodic system interruptions from time to time. In addition, continued growth in our transaction volume, as well as surges in online traffic and orders associated with promotional activities or shifts in overall sale seasons in our business, place additional demands on our third-party cloud-based services and technology infrastructure and could cause or increase the frequency or magnitude of slowdowns or interruptions. We may not be able to accurately project the rate or timing of increases, if any, in the use of our sites or expand, scale and upgrade our technology, systems, infrastructure and third-party cloud-based services to accommodate such increases on a timely basis. In order to remain competitive, we must continue to enhance and improve the responsiveness, functionality and features of our sites, which is particularly challenging given the rapid rate at which new technologies, customer preferences and expectations, industry standards and practices are evolving in the e-commerce industry.

Any slowdown or failure of our sites and the underlying third-party cloud-based services could harm our business, reputation and our ability to acquire, retain and serve our customers, which could adversely affect our results of operations and our business interruption insurance may not be sufficient to compensate us for the losses that could occur. Furthermore, compensation for, or indemnification from, damages resulting from capacity constraints or other limitations of our contractual partners might be limited due to contractual exclusions, limitations of liability or warranty provisions.

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If sensitive information about our customers is disclosed, or if we or our third-party providers are subject to real or perceived cyberattacks, our customers may curtail use of our sites, we may be unable to process or fulfill orders, we may lose or be unable to access data, we may be exposed to liability and our reputation would suffer.

We collect, transmit, and store personal information provided by our customers, such as names, email addresses, the details of transactions. Some of our third-party service providers, such as identity verification and payment processing providers, also regularly have access to customer data. In an effort to protect sensitive information, we rely on a variety of security measures, including encryption and authentication technology licensed from third parties. However, advances in computer capabilities, increasingly sophisticated tools and methods used by hackers and cyber terrorists, new discoveries in the field of cryptography or other developments may result in our failure or inability to adequately protect sensitive information.

Like other online services, we are also vulnerable to computer viruses, unauthorized access, phishing or social engineering attacks, ransomware attacks, data corruption, encryption or deletion attacks, denial-of-service attacks and other real or perceived cyberattacks. Any of these incidents could lead to interruptions or shutdowns of our sites, loss or corruption of data, or unauthorized access to or disclosure of personal data or other sensitive information. Cyberattacks could also result in the theft of our intellectual property. We have been subject to attempted cyber, phishing or social engineering attacks in the past and may continue to be subject to such attacks in the future. As we gain greater visibility, we may face a higher risk of being targeted by cyberattacks.

Advances in computer capabilities, new technological discoveries or other developments may result in cyberattacks becoming more sophisticated and more difficult to detect. We and our third-party service providers may not have the resources or technical sophistication to anticipate or prevent all such cyberattacks. Moreover, techniques used to obtain unauthorized access to systems change frequently and may not be known until launched against us or our third-party service providers. Security breaches can also occur as a result of non-technical issues, including intentional or inadvertent actions by our employees, our third-party service providers, or their personnel.

We and our third-party service providers regularly experience cyberattacks aimed at disrupting our and their services. If we or our third party service providers experience, or are believed to have experienced, security breaches that result in our sites’ performance or availability problems or the loss or corruption of, or unauthorized access to or disclosure of, personal data or confidential information, people may become unwilling to provide us the information necessary make purchases on our sites. Existing customers may also decrease their purchases or close their accounts altogether. We could also face potential liability and litigation, which may not be adequately covered by insurance. Any of these results could harm our growth prospects, our business and our reputation.

The loss or corruption (or other unauthorized access or disclosure) of personal data may constitute a personal data breach under the EU General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”). In the event of such a personal data breach, we could be required to notify applicable government authorities and/or potential victims and could face continued governmental investigations, fines and private claims for compensation from individuals whose personal data was involved.

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Customer growth and activity on mobile devices depends upon effective use of mobile operating systems, networks and standards that we do not control.

Purchases using mobile devices by customers generally, and by our customers specifically, have increased significantly, and we expect this trend to continue. In fiscal 2023, mobile orders accounted for 53% of our net sales, of which 37% were app orders, and approximately 79% of page views were generated via mobile app, tablet and mobile phone. To optimize the mobile shopping experience, we are dependent on our customers downloading our specific mobile applications for their particular device or accessing our sites from an internet browser on their mobile device. As new mobile devices and operating systems are released, it is difficult to predict the problems we may encounter in developing applications for these alternative devices and operating systems, and we may need to devote significant resources to the creation, support and maintenance of such applications. In addition, our future growth and our results of operations could suffer if we experience difficulties in the future in integrating our mobile applications into mobile devices, if problems arise with our relationships with providers of mobile operating systems or mobile application stores, such as those of the Apple App Store or Google Play, if our applications receive unfavorable treatment compared to competing applications, such as the order of our products within application stores, or if we face increased costs to distribute or have customers use our mobile applications. We are further dependent on the interoperability of our sites with popular mobile operating systems that we do not control, such as iOS and Android, and any changes in such systems that degrade the functionality of our sites or give preferential treatment to competitive products could adversely affect the usage of our sites on mobile devices. In the event that it is more difficult for our customers to access and use our sites on their mobile devices, or if our customers choose not to access or to use our sites on their mobile devices or to use mobile products that do not offer access to our sites, our customer growth could be harmed and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

Further, we continually upgrade existing technologies and business applications, and we may be required to implement new technologies or business applications in the future. The implementation of upgrades and changes requires significant investments. Our results of operations may be affected by the timing, effectiveness and costs associated with the successful implementation of any upgrades or changes to our systems and infrastructure.

A failure to comply with current laws, rules and regulations related to internet, ecommerce and trade sanctions or changes to such laws, rules and regulations and other legal uncertainties may adversely affect our business, financial performance, results of operations or business growth.

Our business and financial performance could be adversely affected by unfavorable changes in or interpretations of existing laws, rules and regulations or the promulgation of new laws, rules and regulations applicable to us and our businesses, including those relating to the internet and ecommerce, such as geo-blocking and other geographically based restrictions, internet advertising and price display, economic and trade sanctions, coordination with suppliers and financial transactions. As a result, regulatory authorities could prevent or temporarily suspend us from carrying on some or all of our activities or otherwise penalize us if our practices were found not to comply with applicable regulatory requirements or any binding interpretation of such requirements. Unfavorable changes or interpretations could decrease demand for our services, limit marketing methods and capabilities, affect our margins, increase costs or subject us to additional liabilities.

For example, the European Commission recently adopted new distribution rules (known as the new Vertical Block Exemption and Vertical Guidelines), which came into force on 1 June 2022, which explicitly address the growth of e-commerce and the evolution of the online platform economy, which may adversely affect our relationships with brand partners. In addition, the U.S., the U.K., the European Union and other foreign regulatory authorities continue to enforce economic and trade regulations and anti-corruption laws, across industries. U.S. trade sanctions relate to transactions with designated foreign countries and territories, including Belarus, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, the Russian Federation, Syria, and the Crimea region of Ukraine and the occupied portions of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine as well as specifically targeted individuals and entities that are identified on U.S. and other blacklists, including especially numerous entities in Belarus, the Russian Federal and the People’s Republic of China, and entities owned by, or acting on behalf of, any of those sanctioned individuals or entities. In addition, the U.S. trade regulations prohibit the importation of products manufactured in whole or in part by entities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (“XUAR”) of China.

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Anti-corruption laws, including FCPA (U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977) and the U.K. Bribery Act, generally prohibit direct or indirect corrupt payments to government officials and, under certain laws, private persons to obtain or retain business or an improper business advantage.

Although we have policies and procedures in place designed to promote compliance with such laws and regulations, which we review and update as we expand our operations, our employees, partners, or agents could take actions in contravention of our policies and procedures or violate applicable laws or regulations, for example, by unknowingly shipping merchandise to customers who are themselves or are family members of specifically targeted individuals subject to economic sanctions. As regulations continue to develop and regulatory oversight continues to focus on these areas, we cannot guarantee that our policies and procedures will ensure compliance at all times with all applicable laws or regulations. In the event our controls should fail or we are found to be not in compliance for other reasons, we could be subject to monetary damages, civil and criminal monetary penalties, withdrawal of business licenses or permits, a prohibition on our ability to supply certain Chinese-made or sourced products to customers in the U.S., litigation, and damage to our reputation and the value of our brand.

Compliance with current and future laws and regulations and our contractual obligations relating to privacy, data protection and customer protection increases our operating costs. Failure to comply with such laws or regulations could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We collect and maintain significant amounts of data relating to our customers, employees and others. We use this information for a variety of business purposes, including to provide services and relevant products to consumers, to support, expand and improve our business, and for marketing and advertising efforts. We store, handle, and process personal data on our own information systems, as well as through arrangements with third-parties and service providers. A variety of European and other region’s and countries’ laws and regulations, and certain industry standards, govern or apply to our collection, use, retention, sharing and security of personal data. We are subject to certain laws, regulations, contractual obligations and industry standards (including, for example, the PCI-DSS, the GDPR and the German Federal Data Protection Act) relating to privacy, data protection and localization, information security and customer protection. These requirements increase our operating costs and may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent from one jurisdiction to another or may conflict with other rules or our practices. As a result, our practices may not have complied or may not comply in the future with all such laws, regulations, requirements and obligations. Existing and future laws and regulations, or the enforcement of such laws and regulations, including with regard to data localization requirements and restrictions on data sharing and cross-border data transfers, could impede the growth of e-commerce or online marketplaces and negatively impact our business and operations.  Any failure, or perceived failure, by us to comply with our privacy policies or with any Dutch, German, European, or other regions’ or countries’ laws, regulations, industry self-regulatory principles, industry standards or codes of conduct, regulatory guidance, orders to which we may be subject or other legal or contractual obligations relating to privacy, data protection and localization, information security or customer protection could adversely affect our reputation, brand and business, and may result in claims, proceedings or actions against us by governmental entities or others or other liabilities or require us to change our operations and/or cease or modify our use of certain data sets. Any such claim, proceeding or action could hurt our reputation, brand and business, force us to incur significant expenses in defense of such proceedings, distract our senior management, increase our costs of doing business, result in a loss of customers and suppliers or an inability to process credit card payments and may result in the imposition of monetary penalties.

In Europe, where we have significant business operations, the data privacy and information security regime has been through a significant change and continues to evolve. The collection and processing of personal data is subject to increasing regulatory scrutiny in the European Union and the United Kingdom. The GDPR and the UK data protection regime (“UK GDPR”) have stringent operational requirements for companies, including retailers, regarding information practices, such as expanded disclosures to consumers about how we collect and process their personal data, increased controls on profiling consumers and increased rights for consumers to access, control and delete their personal data. Recent case law has also increased requirements in relation to international transfers of personal data. In addition, there are mandatory data breach notification requirements and significantly increased penalties for non-compliance with each regime. Since January 1, 2021 (when the transitional period following the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union expired), we have been required to comply with GDPR and the UK GDPR. Each regime has the ability to fine us up to the greater of €20 million (£17.5 million) or 4% of global turnover for non-compliance.

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In recent years, U.S. and EU lawmakers and regulators have expressed concern over the use of third-party cookies and similar technologies for online behavioral advertising, and enacted and enforced with increasing efforts laws and regulations significantly restricting companies' ability to engage in online behavioral advertising without burdensome and costly compliance measures. In the European Union, regulators are increasingly focusing on compliance with requirements in the online behavioral advertising ecosystem, and current national laws that implement the existing ePrivacy Directive are expected to be supplemented or replaced by an EU regulation known as the ePrivacy Regulation which may increase fines for non-compliance, which are already now significant. In the European Economic Area (EEA) and United Kingdom, informed consent is required for the placement of a cookie on a user’s device, unless such cookie is strictly necessary to provide explicitly requested services. Consent is already required for many forms of direct electronic marketing. The GDPR and UK GDPR impose conditions on obtaining valid consent, such as, according to authorities and courts, a prohibition on pre-checked consents and a requirement to ensure separate consents are sought for each type of cookie or similar technology. While the ePrivacy Regulation is still under development, recent European court decisions and regulators’ recent guidance are driving increased attention to cookies and tracking technologies. Changes to how we use cookies and related technology could lead to substantial costs, require significant systems changes, limit the effectiveness of our marketing activities, divert the attention of our technology personnel, adversely affect our margins, increase costs and subject us to additional liabilities. Regulation of cookies and similar technologies may lead to broader restrictions on our marketing and personalization activities and may negatively impact our efforts to understand users’ online shopping and other relevant online behaviors, as well as the effectiveness of our marketing and our business generally. The advertising technology ecosystem may not be able to adapt to the legal changes around the use of tracking technologies, which may have a negative effect on businesses, including ours, that collect and use online user information for consumer acquisition and marketing. Any decline of cookies or other online tracking technologies as a means to identify and target potential purchasers may increase the cost of operating our business and lead to a decline in revenues. In addition, uncertainties about the legality of cookies and other tracking technologies may lead to regulatory scrutiny and increase potential civil liability under data protection or consumer protection laws. In response to marketplace concerns about the use of third-party cookies and web beacons to track user behaviors, providers of major browsers have included features that allow users to limit the collection of certain data generally or from specified websites, and the draft ePrivacy Regulation also advocates the development of browsers that block cookies by default. These developments and other privacy-oriented software changes by operating systems or other third-parties, such as Google’s and Apple’s app tracking transparency features, have impaired our ability to collect user information, including personal data and usage information, that helps us provide more targeted advertising to our current and prospective consumers, and could adversely affect our business, in light of our use of cookies and similar technologies to target our marketing and personalize the customer experience.

In the United States, which is also a significant market for our goods and services, federal and state governments have adopted and are considering, laws, guidelines or rules for the collection, distribution, use and storage of information collected from or about consumers or their devices. For example, California has enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”) which went into effect on January 1, 2020. The law imposes new requirements on companies doing business in California and meeting other size or scale criteria for collecting or using information collected from or about California residents, affords California residents the ability to opt out of certain disclosures of personal information, and grants rights to access or request deletion of personal information. The CCPA implementing regulations are being supplemented by the California Privacy Protection Agency, which was established in 2021 based on the 2020 ballot initiative to enact the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”). CPRA imposes additional data protection obligations on companies doing business in California, including additional consumer rights processes and opt-outs for certain uses of sensitive data and sharing of personal data for cross-context behavioral advertising. CPRA was signed into law on December 16, 2020 with most provisions not coming into effect until January 2023. The CCPA, as amended by the CPRA, and similar laws passed by other U.S. states, including Nevada, Virginia, Colorado, Utah and Connecticut could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

The effects of the CCPA and similar state laws are potentially significant and may require us to modify our data collection or processing practices and policies, may incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply and increase our potential exposure to regulatory enforcement or litigation. Similar laws have been proposed in other states and at the federal level, reflecting a trend toward more stringent privacy legislation in the United States. The enactment of such laws could have potentially conflicting requirements that could make compliance with such laws challenging.

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The People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”) have enacted numerous laws, regulations and guidelines concerning data security (collectively “Data Security Law”) to regulate data activities, safeguard data security, promote data development and usage, protect individuals and entities’ legitimate rights and interests, and safeguard state sovereignty, state security and development interests. The Data Security Law applies to a broad range of activities that involve “data” (not only personal or sensitive data).

The evolving data security landscape and potential for heightened government enforcement actions could lead to compliance risks and increased costs in our operations in the PRC. Failure to comply with such requirements may adversely affect our business and operations in the PRC region.

In addition to the privacy, data protection and data security laws discussed above, many other countries and jurisdictions continue to pass laws related to data protection, such as data privacy and data breach notification laws, resulting in a diverse set of requirements across states, countries and regions. The complexity of navigating these varying data protection laws is particularly acute for our business due to our global reach. In addition, the legal landscape relating to the transfer of personal data continues to evolve and remains uncertain in many jurisdictions. Many data protection regimes apply based on where the consumer is located, and as we expand and new laws are enacted or existing laws change, we may be subject to new laws, regulations or standards or new interpretations of existing laws, regulations or standards, including those in the areas of data security, data privacy and regulation of email providers and those that require localization of certain data (such as in Russia, the PRC and Indonesia), which could require us to incur additional costs and restrict our business operations.

Failures or perceived failures by us to comply with rapidly evolving privacy or security laws, policies (including our own stated privacy policies), legal obligations or industry standards or any security incident that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personally identifiable information or other personal or consumer data may result in governmental enforcement actions, litigation (including consumer class actions), fines and penalties or adverse publicity and could cause our consumers to lose trust in us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

Our failure to invest in and adapt to technological developments and industry trends could harm our business.

We have identified the need to expand, scale and improve our information technology systems and personnel to support recent and expected future growth. In this regard, we are investing in and establishing a modular e-commerce platform to enhance our online customer experience and to allow us react faster and independently across our front- and back-ends. To minimize the risk of disruption during this upgrade, we instituted a modular approach that allows us to migrate one capability at a time. We also continuously invest in and implement, significant modifications and upgrades to our information technology systems and procedures, including replacing legacy systems with successor systems, making changes to legacy systems or acquiring new systems with new functionality, hiring employees with information technology expertise and building new policies, procedures, training programs and monitoring tools. In the future, these may include new software applications or related services based on artificial intelligence or machine learning. These implementations, modifications and upgrades may not result in productivity improvements at a level that outweighs the costs of implementation, or at all. These new technologies, including artificial intelligence technologies, may also generate output that is misleading, insecure, inaccurate, harmful, or otherwise flawed, which may harm our reputation, business, or customers, or expose us to legal liability. We may be exposed to competitive risks related to the adoption and application of new technologies by established market participants or new entrants, start-up companies and others. Additionally, difficulties with implementing new technology systems, delays in our timeline for planned improvements, significant system failures, or our inability to successfully modify our information systems to respond to changes in our business needs may cause disruptions in our business operations and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. New technologies, including those based on artificial intelligence, can provide more immediate information technology and data management solutions and responses than traditional tools. Over time, the accuracy of these tools and their ability to handle complex tasks will improve, which may be disruptive to businesses, such as ours. Furthermore, the use of artificial intelligence may involve the processing of personal data and may be subject to laws, policies, legal obligations, and codes of conduct related to privacy and data protection. While there is current uncertainty about the extent to which privacy and data protection laws apply to artificial intelligence technologies, any delay in addressing privacy or data protection concerns relating to new technologies may result in liability or regulatory investigations and fines, as well as damage to our sales and reputation. In addition, we may rely on third-party service providers and sub-processors with limited artificial intelligence-related privacy and data protection practices. As such, any improper processing of personal data by these service providers and sub-processors could harm our reputation, business, or customers, or expose us to legal liability.

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Some of our software and systems contain open source software, which may pose particular risks to our proprietary applications.

We use open source software in the applications we have developed to operate our business and will continue to use open source software in the future. We may face claims from third parties demanding the release or license of the open source software or derivative works that we developed from such software (which could include our proprietary source code) or otherwise seeking to enforce the terms of the applicable open source license. These claims could result in litigation and could require us to purchase a costly license, publicly release the affected portions of our source code, or cease offering the implicated solutions unless and until we can re-engineer them to avoid infringement. In addition, our use of open source software may present additional security risks because the source code for open source software is publicly available, which may make it easier for hackers and other third parties to determine how to breach our sites and systems that rely on open source software. Any of these risks could be difficult to eliminate or manage and, if not addressed, could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Our software is highly complex and may contain undetected errors.

The software underlying our sites is highly complex and may contain undetected errors or vulnerabilities, some of which may only be discovered after the code has been released. In the future, we expect to rely heavily on a software engineering practice known as “continuous deployment,” meaning that we will typically release software code multiple times per day. This practice may result in the more frequent introduction of errors or vulnerabilities into the software underlying our sites. Any errors or vulnerabilities discovered in our code after release could result in damage to our reputation, loss of customers, disruption to our operations, decline of net sales or liability for damages, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial conditions, result of operations and prospects.

Any failure to enforce our intellectual property rights could adversely affect our business or results of operations.

We rely on trademark, copyright, trade secrets, confidentiality agreements and other practices to protect our proprietary information, technologies and processes. Our principal trademark assets include the registered trademark “MYTHERESA” in addition to our logo. Our trademarks are valuable assets that support our brand and customers’ perception of our services and merchandise. We also hold the rights to the “mytheresa.com” internet domain name and various other related domain names, which are subject to internet regulatory bodies and trademark and other related laws of each applicable jurisdiction. For example, we are required to register our trademark in China and have been subject to trademark infringement claims in China. Although we believe that these and similar claims are without merit, they may result in additional costs. As a result of the international nature of our business, we may be required to register our trademarks in the countries in which we operate or conduct business.

We currently have no registered copyrights, applications for copyright registrations, patents issued or applications pending in any jurisdiction. Any registered copyrights or patents that may be issued in the future may not provide us with any competitive advantages or may be challenged by third parties, and future registered copyrights or patent applications may never be granted. Even if issued, there can be no assurance that registered copyrights or patents will adequately protect our intellectual property or survive a legal challenge, as the legal standards relating to the validity, enforceability and scope of protection of registered copyright, patent and other intellectual property rights are uncertain. Our limited registered copyright and patent protection may restrict our ability to protect our technologies and processes from competition.

We may be required to spend significant resources to monitor and protect our intellectual property rights, and the efforts we take to protect our proprietary rights may not be sufficient.

We may be accused of infringing intellectual property or other proprietary rights of third parties.

We are also at risk of claims by others that we have infringed their copyrights, trademarks or patents, or improperly used or disclosed their trade secrets, or otherwise infringed or violated their proprietary rights, such as the right of publicity. The costs of supporting any litigation or disputes related to these claims can be considerable, and we cannot assure you that we will achieve a favorable outcome of any such claim. If any such claim is valid, we may be compelled to cease our use of such intellectual property or other proprietary rights and pay damages, which could adversely affect our business. Even if such claims were not valid, defending them could be expensive and distracting, adversely affecting our results of operations. In addition, certain merchandise we purchase from brand partners has in the past been, and may in the future be, alleged to have infringed a third-party’s intellectual property rights. Although the respective brand partner typically address all claims relating to such infringement, but our business or results of operations could be adversely affected as a result of such claims.

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As an online luxury retailer, our success depends on the accuracy of our authentication process, particularly with respect to returned merchandise, and any failure by us to identify counterfeit goods could adversely affect our reputation, customer acceptance and relationships with brand partners.

Our success as an online luxury retailer depends on our ability to accurately and cost-effectively determine whether an item offered for sale or submitted for a return is an authentic product. While we have invested heavily in our authentication processes and we reject any merchandise we believe to be counterfeit, we cannot be certain that we will identify every counterfeit item delivered or returned to us. As the sophistication of counterfeiters increases, it may be increasingly difficult to identify counterfeit products. The sale or return of any counterfeit goods may damage our reputation as a trusted online luxury retailer, which may adversely affect our reputation, customer acceptance and relationships with brand partners.

The inability to acquire, use or maintain our trademarks and domain names for our sites could substantially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We currently are the registrant of marks for our brand in numerous jurisdictions and are the registrant of the internet domain name for our sites, as well as various related domain names. However, we have not registered our marks or domain names in all major international jurisdictions. Domain names generally are regulated by internet regulatory bodies. As our business grows we may incur material costs in connection with the registration, maintenance, and protection of our marks. If we do not have or cannot obtain on reasonable terms the ability to use our marks in a particular country, or to use or register our domain name in a particular country, we could be forced either to incur significant additional expenses to market our offerings within that country, including the development of a new brand and the creation of new promotional materials and packaging, or to elect not to sell products in that country. Either result could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Furthermore, the regulations governing domain names and laws protecting marks and similar proprietary rights could change in ways that block or interfere with our ability to use relevant domains or our current brand. Also, we might not be able to prevent third parties from registering, using or retaining domain names that interfere with our customer communications or infringe or otherwise decrease the value of our marks, domain names and other proprietary rights. Regulatory bodies also may establish additional generic or country-code top-level domains or may allow modifications of the requirements for registering, holding or using domain names. As a result, we might not be able to register, use or maintain the domain names that use the name Mytheresa in all of the countries and territories in which we currently or intend to conduct business.

The loss of senior management or attrition among our buyers or key employees could adversely affect our business.

Our success in the global luxury fashion industry, including our ability to anticipate and effectively respond to changing fashion trends, is dependent on our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel, including, but not limited to, our executive team, particularly our chief executive officer, chief commercial officer and chief financial officer, specialized information technology personnel, our buyers and members of our merchandising customer experience, marketing and creative and content production teams as well as our customer care, processing and personal shopper teams. Competition for qualified personnel is strong, and we cannot be sure that we will be able to attract and retain a sufficient number of qualified personnel in the future, or that the compensation costs of doing so will not adversely affect our results of operations. If we are unable to retain, attract and motivate talented employees with the appropriate skills, particularly specialists in information technology, at cost-effective compensation levels, or if changes to our business adversely affect morale or retention, our ability to benefit from long-standing relationships with qualified brand partners or to provide relationship-based customer service could suffer.

In addition, the loss of one or more of our qualified personnel or the inability to promptly identify a suitable successor to a key role or the loss of any of our technicians could have an adverse effect on our business. For example, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have unique and valuable experiences leading our company. Our managing director contracts provide for only a six-month notice period, which may be an insufficient amount of time to identify and recruit a qualified replacement. In addition, certain roles within our fashion buying team are freelance contractors under individual consulting agreements with a limited term. If any of these employees or contractors were to depart or otherwise reduce their focus on our company, our business may be disrupted. We do not currently maintain key-person life insurance policies on any member of our senior management team or other key employees.

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If we fail to effectively manage our employees and hiring needs in connection with our growth, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed.

We have grown rapidly, with our net sales increasing from €698.4 million in fiscal 2022 to €768.6 million in fiscal 2023. To effectively manage our growth, we must continue to implement our operational plans and strategies, improve and expand our infrastructure of people and information systems and expand, train and manage our employee base. Since our inception, we have rapidly increased our employee headcount to support the growth of our business. As of June 30, 2023, we had a total of 1,432.2 employees, an increase from 1,196.7 FTEs as of June 30, 2022, and we have expanded across all areas of our business. To support continued growth, we must effectively integrate, develop and motivate a large number of new employees while maintaining our corporate culture. We face significant competition for personnel, particularly in Munich, where our principal offices and fulfillment center and the majority of our employees are located. To attract top talent, we have had to offer, and expect to continue to offer, competitive compensation and benefits packages before we can validate the productivity of new employees. We may also need to increase our employee compensation levels to remain competitive in attracting and retaining talented employees. The risks associated with a rapidly growing workforce will be particularly acute if we choose to expand into new merchandise categories and internationally. Additionally, we may not be able to hire new employees quickly enough to meet our needs. If we fail to effectively manage our hiring needs or successfully integrate new hires or retain key employees, our efficiency, our ability to meet forecasts and our employee morale, productivity and retention could suffer, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Increases in labor costs, including wages, or other developments in labor and employment law, including any unionizing efforts by employees, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Labor is a significant portion of our cost structure and is subject to many external factors, including unemployment levels, prevailing wage rates, minimum wage laws, potential collective bargaining arrangements, health insurance costs and other insurance costs and changes in employment and labor legislation or other workplace regulation. A significant portion of our workforce is in Germany. From time to time, legislative proposals are made to increase the minimum wage in the Federal Republic of Germany and to reform entitlement programs, such as health insurance and paid leave programs. As minimum wage rates increase or related laws and regulations change, we may need to increase not only the wage rates of our minimum wage employees, but also the wages paid to our other hourly or salaried employees. The minimum wage is set nationwide every two years for the following two years. Since its last increase effective as from October 1, 2022 the minimum wage is currently €12 per hour. The Minimum Wage Commission’s recommendation is subject to Government approval. Several German political parties are calling for a significant increase. Any increase in the cost of our labor could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations or if we fail to pay such higher wages we could suffer increased employee turnover. Increases in labor costs could force us to increase prices, which could adversely impact our sales. If competitive pressures or other factors prevent us from offsetting increased labor costs by increases in prices, our profitability may decline and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In particular, the job market in Munich, Germany, where our principal offices and fulfillment center as well as the majority of our employees are located, is very competitive.

We also face the risk that the European Union or the German legislature could approve legislation or regulations and respond to rulings of higher courts that significantly affect our businesses and our relationship with our employees. None of our employees are currently covered by a collective bargaining agreement, but any attempt by our employees to organize a labor union could result in increased legal and other associated costs. If we enter into a collective bargaining agreement with our employees, the terms could adversely affect our costs, efficiency and ability to generate acceptable returns on the affected operations.

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Adverse litigation judgments or settlements resulting from legal proceedings in which we may be involved could expose us to monetary damages or limit our ability to operate our business.

We have in the past and may in the future become involved in private actions, collective actions, investigations and various other legal proceedings by customers, employees, brand partners, third-party suppliers, competitors, government agencies or others. Examples of such claims include product defect and qualify claims, deceptive trade practices claims, such as the posting of strike-through prices for merchandise, employment-related claims and other claims related to our business practices. The results of any such litigation, investigations and other legal proceedings are inherently unpredictable and expensive. Any claims against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, damage our reputation, require significant amounts of management time and divert significant resources. If any of these legal proceedings were to be determined adversely to us, or we were to enter into a settlement arrangement, we could be exposed to monetary damages or limits on our ability to operate our business, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our reliance on brand partners located in jurisdictions presenting an increased risk of bribery and corruption, exposes us to legal, reputational, and supply chain risk through the potential for violations of federal and international anti-corruption law.

We are subject to certain provisions of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (“FCPA”). The FCPA prohibits providing, offering, promising, or authorizing, directly or indirectly, anything of value to government officials, political parties, or political candidates for the purposes of obtaining or retaining business or securing any improper business advantage. We conduct business in, or may expand our business to, certain countries where there is a high risk of corruption and extortion and in some cases, where corruption and extortion are considered to be widespread and where our companies may have to obtain approvals, licenses, permits, or other regulatory approvals from public officials. Therefore, we are exposed to the risk that our employees, consultants, agents, or other third parties working on our behalf, could make, offer, promise or authorize payments or other benefits in violation of anti-corruption laws and regulations, especially in response to demands or attempts at extortion. If we or our brand partners were determined to have violated the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act of 2010, or any of the anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws in the countries and territories where we and our brand partners do business, we could suffer severe fines and penalties, profit disgorgement, injunctions on future conduct, securities litigation, bans on transacting certain business, and other consequences that may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the costs we may incur in defending against any anti-corruption investigations stemming from our or our brand partners’ actions could be significant. Moreover, any actual or alleged corruption in our supply chain could carry significant reputational harms, including negative publicity, loss of goodwill, and decline in share price.

Any actual or perceived violation or breach of these anti-corruption laws and regulations, including any potential governmental or internal investigations of perceived or actual misconduct, could affect our overall reputation and, depending on the case, expose us to administrative or judicial proceedings, which could result in criminal and civil judgments, including fines and monetary penalties, a possible prohibition on maintaining business relationships with brand partners or customers in certain countries, and other negative consequences which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

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We are subject to customs and international trade laws that could require us to modify our current business practices and incur increased costs or could result in a delay in getting products through customs and port operations, which may limit our growth and cause us to suffer reputational damage.

Our business is conducted worldwide, with goods imported from and exported to a substantial number of countries. A significant portion of the products we sell are shipped internationally. We are subject to numerous regulations, including customs and international trade laws that govern the importation and sale of luxury goods. Therefore, we are exposed to the risk that we are in non-compliance with some of these regulations and laws (the non-compliance of which could result in administrative proceedings initiated by competent authorities against us). Further, these regulations and laws may change unpredictably, and have done so recently in view of the global pandemic, economic pressures and potential trade wars. For example, the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union has resulted in, and may result in additional, restrictions, regulations or other non-tariff barriers to trade as a result, in part, of a divergence in the UK and the EU’s respective regulatory regimes, in each case concerning our cross-border operations between the United Kingdom and European Union. In addition, any imposition of tariffs by the United States or European Union could result in the adoption of tariffs or trade restrictions by other countries, which could affect the movement of our goods, or potentially lead to a global trade war. Our failure to comply with import or export rules and restrictions or to properly classify items under tariff regulations and pay the appropriate duties could expose us to fines and penalties. If these laws or regulations were to change or were violated by our management, employees, or our luxury sellers, we could experience delays in the shipments of our goods, be subject to fines or penalties, or suffer reputational harm, which could reduce demand for our services and negatively impact our results of operations.

Additionally, the ongoing crisis related to Russia’s war in Ukraine has resulted in the application of enhanced sanctions against Russia by a number of jurisdictions, including the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union, and vice versa. These measures, and any additional measures that may be imposed should Russia’s war against Ukraine continue, have and may continue to have material impact on our ability to operate in the ordinary course of business with customers in Russia. Our sales in Russia used to be relatively immaterial.

Legal requirements are frequently changed and subject to interpretation, and we are unable to predict the ultimate cost of compliance with these requirements or their effects on our operations. We may be required to make significant expenditures or modify our business practices to comply with existing or future laws and regulations, which may increase our costs and materially limit our ability to operate our business.

Our business depends on our ability to source and distribute products in a timely manner. As a result, we rely on the free flow of goods through open and operational ports worldwide. Labor disputes or other disruptions at ports create significant risks for our business, particularly if work slowdowns, lockouts, strikes or other disruptions occur. Any of these factors could result in reduced sales or canceled orders, which may limit our growth and damage our reputation and may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

The imposition or increase of tariffs, the imposition of international trade regulations, and the current uncertainty regarding international economic relations could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

The acquisition, delivery, import and export of our products are subject to various countries’ export control laws and regulations, financial sanctions, import regulations, customs duties and tariffs, and trade protection measures, which we refer to as”international trade regulations”. Those international trade regulations have a significant impact on the costs to us and to our customers of our products.  Changes to those international trade regulations may have a further material impact on the cost of our products, and. as such, they may affect the competitiveness of our products in various markets. Other changes to the international trade regulations could affect our ability to acquire products from specific sources or suppliers and/or our ability to deliver our products to customers in specific countries.

The failure to comply with those international trade regulations that are, or may be, applicable to our products may expose our company to adverse consequences, including: (i) the imposition of fines and penalties; (ii) the imposition of government orders restricting our ability to export our products to, or import our products into, specified countries; (iii) delay or impair our ability to ship and deliver our products to our customers; and/or (iv) damage to our reputation as a compliant company and a reliable supplier of our products.

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Many of our products are manufactured in the People’s Republic of China. Commencing in 2018, as part of a series of trade-related disputes between the governments of the United States and the People’s Republic of China, the United States Government imposed punitive customs duties on Chinese merchandise imported into the United States, under section 301 of the U.S. Trade Act of 1974.  Those “section 301” duties on Chinese origin goods range from 7.5 percent to 25 percent, and apply directly to products that we procure from Chinese suppliers for importation into the United States. The section 301 duties are currently under review by the United States Government, and the consequences of that review are uncertain. If the section 301 duties are maintained in effect, they will likely continue to have a negative impact on the competitiveness of our products in the United States, and on our overall financial results.

Section 307 of the United States Tariff Act prohibits the importation into the United States of products manufactured abroad in whole or in part with forced labor. On June 21, 2022, the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (the “UFLPA”) went into effect in the United States. The UFLPA establishes a presumption that any product that is produced or manufactured in the XUAR, or that is produced or manufactured by an entity that is working with the XUAR regional government forced labor programs, is the product of forced labor and is therefore ineligible for importation into the United States. Textiles and apparel, particularly cotton apparel, are a particular focus of the UFLPA enforcement effort, and the regulations can be, in certain situations, unclear, leaving a great deal of discretion in the hands of customs inspectors. If any of the products that we supply to our customers in the United States are suspected of being subject to the forced labor restrictions of the UFLPA, we may experience delays in importing products into the United States or seizure of our goods, which would likely lead to customer dissatisfaction as orders are delayed or cancelled. Moreover, any shipment of products to the United States which are ultimately determined to be subject to the UFLPA may expose us to fines and penalties under the United States Customs & Border Protection regulations.

The UFLPA is a United States law. Other countries, however, may in the future enact similar laws banning the importation of products from the XUAR or otherwise determined to be produced in whole or in part with forced labor. To the extent that any entity in the supply chain for our products (of any tier, including raw materials suppliers) is determined to be using forced labor, that determination could have a significant impact on our ability to supply our products to customers in other markets.

In response to the Russian war in Ukraine, various countries, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, the European Union member states, and other countries have imposed a series of enhanced export control restrictions and financial sanctions on transactions with or in the Russian Federation and Belarus. In particular, the United States, the United Kingdom and the European Union have imposed export control restrictions or prohibitions on the export of luxury goods, including especially fashion apparel, to: (i) any person in the Russian Federation and Belarus; and (ii) certain specified Russian and Belarussian individuals (i.e., so-called “oligarchs” and “malign actors”) wherever located. Those luxury goods export control restrictions, especially those adopted by the European Union, have the effect of prohibiting the export of many of our products from the European Union to customers in Russia and Belarus.

In 2019, the United States Government threatened to impose section 301 duties, at a rate of 25 percent, on certain products, including apparel, handbags and cosmetics, imported from the United Kingdom, France, Italy and Spain, as well as various other countries, in response to those countries’ initiatives to implement a digital services tax. The proceedings to impose those section 301 duties were, however, terminated, as a result of agreement among the various countries to negotiate a multinational convention on the taxation of digital services under the auspices of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”). If no such multilateral convention is ultimately concluded, the section 301 actions could be reinstituted by the United States Government. The imposition of any such section 301 duties on products imported into the United States from various European countries could have a significant impact on the cost and competitiveness of our products in the United States market.

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The imposition of additional duties by the United States, and retaliatory actions taken by other countries, may result in a global trade war. Those tariff measures are one manifestation of global economic tensions, which could result in the imposition of various forms of taxation, tariff measures and customs duties on our products, which could then have a significant impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Other governmental action related to tariffs or international trade agreements may adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, customers, suppliers and global economic conditions and cause higher volatility in financial markets. The luxury industry has been impacted by ongoing uncertainty surrounding tariffs and import duties, and international trade relations generally. While we actively review existing and proposed measures to seek to assess the impact of them on our business, changes in tariff rates, import duties and other new or augmented trade restrictions could have a number of negative impacts on our business, including higher consumer prices and reduced demand for our products and higher input costs. The imposition or increase of tariffs might cause us to consider increasing prices to our end customers. However, this could reduce the competitiveness of our merchandise and customers might refrain from purchasing products from us, and/or might switch to competitors, which could adversely affect net sales. If we fail to manage these dynamics successfully, gross margins and profitability could be adversely affected. As of the date of this report, tariffs have not had a significant impact on our business, but increased tariffs or trade restrictions implemented by the United States or other countries in connection with a global trade war could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Any failure by us or our brand partners to comply with product safety, labor or other laws, or to provide safe conditions for our or their workers may damage our reputation and brand and harm our business.

The merchandise we sell to our customers is subject to regulation by the Federal Customer Product Safety Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, the European Commission and similar national and international regulatory authorities. Products marketed in the European Union are subject to several European Union legislative acts regulating products such as the EU Regulation on requirements for accreditation and market surveillance relating to the marketing of products ((EC) No 765/2008), the EU Directive on general product safety (2001/95/EC) and the EU Directive concerning liability for defective products (85/374/EEC). As a result, such merchandise could be subject to market surveillance and accreditation measures by European and national authorities, as well as recalls and other remedial actions. Product safety, labeling and licensing concerns, including customer disclosure and warning regarding chemical exposure, may require us to voluntarily remove selected merchandise from our inventory. Such recalls or voluntary removal of merchandise can result in, among other things, lost sales, diverted resources, potential harm to our reputation and increased customer service costs and legal expenses, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

We purchase our merchandise from numerous international and European brand partners. Failure of our brand partners to comply with applicable laws and regulations and contractual requirements could lead to litigation against us, resulting in increased legal expenses and costs. In addition, the failure of any such brand partners or their manufacturers to provide safe and humane factory conditions and oversight at their facilities could damage our reputation with customers or result in legal claims against us, any of which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

We are required to collect sales and use taxes in most U.S. states or be subject to other tax liabilities (including penalties and interest) that may increase the costs our customers would have to pay and adversely affect our results of operations.

Although we believe that we currently collect sales taxes in all U.S. states that have adopted laws imposing sales tax collection obligations on out-of-state retailers, a new imposition or a successful assertion by one or more U.S. states requiring us to collect sales taxes where we presently do not do so, or to collect more taxes in a jurisdiction in which we currently do collect some sales taxes, could result in substantial tax liabilities, including taxes on past sales, as well as penalties and interest. The imposition by U.S. state governments of sales tax collection obligations on out-of-state retailers in U.S. jurisdictions where we do not currently collect sales taxes, whether for prior years or prospectively, could also create additional administrative burdens for us, put us at a competitive disadvantage if they do not impose similar obligations on our competitors and decrease our future sales, which could have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.

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We may experience fluctuations in our tax obligations and effective tax rate, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

As a global company, we are subject to taxation in certain other countries. Significant judgment is required to determine and estimate worldwide tax liabilities. Our future annual and quarterly effective tax rates could be affected by numerous factors, including changes in applicable tax laws, the amount and composition of pre-tax income in countries with differing tax rates or valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. This includes changes in applicable tax laws in the jurisdictions in which we (or our subsidiaries) are organized or operate, as well as certain proposals agreed to by 140 countries, including Germany and the Netherlands. These proposals include the Pillar I proposal to allocate certain amounts of taxable income to market jurisdictions for large profitable groups and the Pillar II proposal to introduce mechanisms to ensure all profits are subject to a global minimum tax. For example, European Union Member States unanimously adopted the EU Pillar II Directive in December 2022, requiring all EU Member States to implement these Pillar II rules.  It is also possible that a unified approach will not be agreed upon while a significant number of countries enact new unilateral tax measures without mechanisms to avoid double taxation. Any of these potential developments could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, there are, and will likely continue to be, an increasing number of tax laws and regulations pertaining to the internet and online commerce (including but not limited to sales, VAT and other taxes) that could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

Our actual effective tax rate may vary from our expectation and that variance may be material. A number of factors may increase our future effective tax rates, including:

From time to time we initiate amendments to previously filed tax returns. We regularly assess the likelihood of favorable or unfavorable outcomes resulting from these amendments and audits conducted by tax authorities to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes, which requires estimates and judgments. Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, we cannot assure you that the tax authorities will agree with such estimates. We may have to engage in litigation to achieve the results reflected in the estimates, which may be time-consuming and expensive. We cannot assure you that we will be successful or that any final determination will not be materially different from the treatment reflected in our historical income tax liabilities and accruals, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

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Our tax burden could increase due to changes in tax laws, tax rates, tax practice, tax treaties, or tax regulations, their application or interpretation, or as a result of future tax audits.

The tax treatment of us and our subsidiaries depends in some instances on determinations of fact and interpretations of complex provisions of applicable tax law, including those related to transfer pricing, for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. Relevant tax rules are consistently under review by persons involved in the legislative process and taxing authorities, which may result in revised interpretations of established concepts, statutory changes, new reporting obligations, revisions to regulations and other modifications and interpretations. The present tax treatment of us and our subsidiaries may be modified by administrative, legislative or judicial interpretation at any time, and any such action may apply on a retroactive or retrospective basis. Changes to applicable tax laws and interpretations thereof could result in a higher taxable income and a higher tax burden for the Company and its operating subsidiaries and could affect or cause us to change the structure of our business and operations or change the character or treatment of portions of our income, among other results.

The original treatment of a tax-relevant matter in a tax return, tax assessment or otherwise could later be found incorrect and as a result, we may be subject to additional taxes, interest, penalty payments and/or social security payments. Such reassessment may be due to an interpretation or view of laws and/or facts by tax authorities, including those related to transfer pricing, in a manner that deviates from our view and may emerge as a result of tax audits or other review actions by the relevant financial or tax authorities. For example, certain predecessors in interest were incorporated in Luxembourg, and the Luxembourg tax authorities may disagree with tax positions taken by those entities, including with regards to the transactions pursuant to which MYT Netherlands obtained ownership of MGG. Our subsidiaries and we are subject to tax audits by the respective tax authorities on a regular basis. As a result of future tax audits or other reviews by the tax authorities, additional taxes could be imposed on us and our subsidiaries exceeding the provisions reflected in our financial statements. This could lead to an increase in our tax obligations, either as a result of the relevant tax payment being assessed directly against us or as a result of us becoming liable for the relevant tax as a secondary obligor due to the primary obligor’s failure to pay. We could in the future have considerable tax loss carryforwards, or other tax carryforwards, including as pertaining to interest or expense deductions. The utilization of these tax carryforwards may be restricted under applicable tax laws, for instance, if they cannot be carried forward indefinitely or if they forfeit upon occurrence of certain events (e.g., a direct or indirect transfer of shares or a change of control). In addition, any such restriction may require a write-down of the deferred tax assets in our consolidated financial statements to the extent we have any future tax loss carryforwards. This could negatively affect our financial position and results of operations. Furthermore, applicable tax laws may limit or restrict the ability to take current tax deductions for certain expenses.

Due to changes in tax laws, tax rates, tax practice, tax treaties, or tax regulations, we could be required to collect additional sales taxes or be subject to other tax liabilities. As a result this may increase the costs our customers would have to pay for our offering or us reducing our margin we generate with our offerings, which would adversely affect our results of operations.

We may require additional capital to support business growth, and this capital might not be available or may be available only by diluting existing shareholders.

We intend to continue making investments to support our business growth and may require additional funds to support this growth and respond to business challenges, including the need to develop our services, expand our inventory, enhance our operating infrastructure, expand the markets in which we operate and potentially acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Accordingly, we may seek to engage in equity or debt financings to secure additional funds. If we raise additional funds through further issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing shareholders could suffer significant dilution. In addition, any debt financing secured by us in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital-raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities.

We may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing or financing on terms satisfactory to us, when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be significantly limited, and our business and prospects could be adversely affected.

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If our internal control over financial reporting or our disclosure controls and procedures are not effective, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results, prevent fraud or file our periodic reports in a timely manner, which may cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information and may lead to a decline in the value of our securities.

As a publicly traded company, we are required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which require that we maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. In particular, we must perform system and process evaluation, document our controls and perform testing of our key controls over financial reporting to allow management and, once we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” our independent registered public accounting firm to report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Our testing, or the subsequent testing by our independent registered public accounting firm in the future, may reveal deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses. If we are not able to comply with the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner, or if we or our independent registered public accounting firm identify deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting that are deemed to be material weaknesses, the value of our securities may likely decline, and we could be subject to lawsuits, sanctions or investigations by regulatory authorities, which would require additional financial and management resources.

We continue to invest in more robust technology and in more resources in order to manage our reporting requirements. Implementing the appropriate changes to our internal controls may distract our senior management and employees, result in substantial costs to implement new processes or modify our existing processes and require significant time to complete. Any difficulties or delays in implementing the system could impact our ability to timely report our financial results. As a result, our investors could lose confidence in our reported consolidated financial information, and the value of our securities could decline.

In addition, any such changes do not guarantee that we will be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our internal controls, and any failure to maintain that adequacy could prevent us from accurately reporting our financial results.

Operating as a publicly traded company in the United States subjects us to additional rules and regulations, requires us to incur substantial costs and requires substantial management attention. In addition, our management team has limited experience managing a public company.

As a publicly traded company in the United States, we incur substantial legal, accounting, director and officer insurance and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. For example, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the rules and regulations of the SEC. The NYSE listing requirements applicable to foreign private issuers and the Dutch regulations applicable to private companies with limited liability under the laws of the Netherlands and the Dutch Corporate Governance Code, as well as other applicable securities rules and regulations, also apply to us. As part of these requirements, we need to maintain effective disclosure and financial controls and continue to make changes to our corporate governance practices. Compliance with these requirements has increased our legal and financial compliance costs and will continue to make some activities more time consuming.

Most of our management and other personnel have little experience managing a public company and preparing public filings. In addition, our management and other personnel have needed to divert attention from other business matters to devote substantial time to the reporting and other requirements of being a public company. In particular, we have incurred and expect to continue to incur significant expense and devote substantial management effort to complying with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We have hired and expect to continue to hire additional accounting and financial staff with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge.

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In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We expect to continue to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to their application and practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be adversely affected.

These new rules and regulations may make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and in the future, we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our Supervisory Board, particularly to serve on our Audit Committee, Nominating, Governance and Sustainability Committee, and Compensation Committee, and qualified senior management.

By disclosing information in this report and in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition will become more visible, which we believe may result in threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If those claims are successful, our business could be seriously harmed. Even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, the time and resources needed to resolve them could divert our management’s resources and seriously harm our business.

We qualify as a foreign private issuer and, as a result, we are not subject to U.S. proxy rules and are subject to Exchange Act reporting obligations that, to some extent, are more lenient and less frequent than those of a U.S. domestic public company.

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We report under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”) as a non-U.S. company with foreign private issuer status. Because we qualify as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act and although we are subject to the laws of the Netherlands and the Dutch Corporate Governance Code with regard to such matters and intend to furnish quarterly financial information to the SEC, we are exempt from certain provisions of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. domestic public companies, including, among others: (1) the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act, (2) the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their share ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time, (3) the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q containing unaudited financial and other specified information, although we intend to provide selected quarterly information on Form 6-K, and (4) the rules under the Exchange Act requiring filing with the SEC of Current Reports on Form 8-K information upon the occurrence of specified events. In addition, foreign private issuers are required to file their annual report on Form 20-F within four months after the end of each fiscal year, while U.S. domestic issuers that are accelerated filers are required to file their Annual Report on Form 10-K within seventy-five days after the end of each fiscal year and U.S. domestic issuers that are large accelerated filers are required to file their Annual Report on Form 10-K within sixty days after the end of each fiscal year. As a result of all of the above, you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of a company that is not a foreign private issuer.

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We may lose our foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses.

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As discussed above, we are a foreign private issuer, and therefore, we are not required to comply with all of the periodic disclosure and current reporting requirements of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. domestic public companies. The determination of foreign private issuer status is made annually on the last business day of an issuer’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and, accordingly, the next determination will be made with respect to us on December 31, 2023. In the future, we would lose our foreign private issuer status if (1) more than 50% of our outstanding voting securities are owned by U.S. residents and (2) a majority of our Directors or executive officers are U.S. citizens or residents, or we fail to meet additional requirements necessary to avoid loss of foreign private issuer status. If we lose our foreign private issuer status, we would be required to file with the SEC periodic reports and registration statements on U.S. domestic issuer forms, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. We would also have to mandatorily comply with U.S. federal proxy requirements, and our officers, Directors and principal shareholders would become subject to the short-swing profit disclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we would lose our ability to rely upon exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements under the NYSE listing rules. As a U.S. listed public company that is not a foreign private issuer, we would incur significant additional legal, accounting, reporting and other expenses that we will not incur as a foreign private issuer. These expenses would relate to, among other things, the obligation to present our financial information in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the future.

Our credit facilities contain restrictive covenants that may limit our operating flexibility.

Our credit facilities contain restrictive covenants that limit our ability to transfer or dispose of assets, merge with other companies or consummate certain changes of control, acquire other companies, incur additional indebtedness and liens and enter into new businesses. We therefore may not be able to engage in any of the foregoing transactions unless we obtain the consent of the lender or terminate the credit facility, which may limit our operating flexibility. There is no guarantee that we will be able to generate sufficient cash flow or sales to meet these financial covenants or pay the principal and interest on any debt under our facilities. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that future working capital, borrowings or equity financing will be available to repay or refinance any such debt. Any inability to make scheduled payments or meet the financial covenants on our credit facilities would adversely affect our business.

Changes in IFRS could have an adverse effect on our previously reported results of operations.

The standards comprising IFRS are subject to revision and interpretation by the IASB and by various bodies formed to promulgate and to interpret appropriate accounting principles including the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee and the Standard Interpretations Committee. A change in these standards or interpretations could have a significant effect on our previously reported results of operations and could affect the reporting of transactions completed before the announcement of a change.

Additionally, our assumptions, estimates and judgments related to complex accounting matters could significantly affect our financial results. IFRS and related accounting pronouncements, implementation guidelines and interpretations with regard to a wide range of matters that are relevant to our business, including, but not limited to, revenue recognition, impairment of long-lived assets, leases and related economic transactions, intangibles, self-insurance, income taxes, property and equipment, litigation and equity-based compensation are highly complex and involve many subjective assumptions, estimates and judgments by us. Changes in these rules or their interpretation or changes in underlying assumptions, estimates or judgments by us could require us to make changes to our accounting systems to implement these changes that could increase our operating costs and could significantly change our reported or expected financial performance.

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The value of goodwill, brand names or other intangible assets reported in our consolidated financial statements may need to be partially or fully impaired as a result of revaluations.

As of June 30, 2023, our carrying amount of goodwill, brand names and other intangible assets recorded on our consolidated balance sheet was €155.0 million. Under IFRS, we are required to annually test our recorded goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, such as brand names, and to assess the carrying values of other intangible assets when impairment indicators exist. As a result of such tests, we could be required to recognize impairment losses in our income statement if the carrying value is in excess of the fair value. If we are required to book losses with respect to such intangibles, we may need to shorten the amortization period, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Dutch law provides that the courts at the corporate seat of the issuer have jurisdiction for certain disputes between us and our shareholders, which could limit our shareholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or members of our Management or Supervisory Boards, senior management or employees.

Dutch law provides that the courts at the corporate seat of the issuer are the exclusive forum for, inter alia, any legal challenge by a shareholder of a resolution of the general meeting of shareholders.

This may limit a shareholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with MYT Netherlands or members of our Management or Supervisory Boards, senior management or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against MYT Netherlands and members of our Management or Supervisory Boards, senior management and other employees. The exclusive forum does not apply to claims under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

The rights of shareholders in a Dutch private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) differ in material respects from the rights of shareholders of corporations incorporated in the United States.

MYT Netherlands is a Dutch private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) with its registered office in the Netherlands. Its corporate affairs are governed by the laws governing private companies with limited liability formed in the Netherlands set forth in the Dutch Civil Code, the Dutch Corporate Governance Code, its Articles of Association, the Rules of Procedure of its Supervisory Board and the Rules of Procedure of its Management Board. The rights of our shareholders may be different from the rights and obligations of shareholders in companies governed by the laws of U.S. jurisdictions.

In addition, rights of shareholders and the responsibilities of members of our Management Board and Supervisory Board may differ from the rights of shareholders and the duties of directors of U.S. corporations. In the performance of their duties, our Management Board and Supervisory Board are required by Dutch law to consider our interests and the interests of our shareholders, employees and other stakeholders, in all cases with due observation of the principles of reasonableness and fairness. It is possible that some of these parties will have interests that are different from, or in addition to, your interests as a holder of our securities.

Dutch and European insolvency laws are substantially different from U.S. insolvency laws and may offer our shareholders less protection than they would have under U.S. insolvency laws.

As a private company with limited liability under the laws of the Netherlands (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid), MYT Netherlands is subject to Dutch insolvency laws in the event any insolvency proceedings are initiated against us including, among other things, Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of May 20, 2015 on insolvency proceedings as of June 2017. Further, our principal operating subsidiaries have their registered offices in Germany and are subject to German insolvency laws and EU regulations in the event any insolvency proceedings are initiated against such subsidiaries. Should courts in another European country determine that the insolvency laws of that country apply to us or our principal operating subsidiaries in accordance with and subject to such EU regulations, the courts in that country could have jurisdiction over the insolvency proceedings initiated against us. Insolvency laws in the Netherlands, Germany or the relevant other European country, if any, may offer our shareholders less protection than they would have under U.S. insolvency laws and make it more difficult for them to recover the amount they could expect to recover in a liquidation under U.S. insolvency laws.

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Conflicts of interest may arise inside our Management Board and because of our shareholder structure at the time of the IPO and because some members of our Supervisory Boards are employed by our Sponsors.

Due to the size of their shareholding, Ares Management Corp. (“Ares”) and Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (“CPPIB” and, together with Ares, the “Sponsors”), through MYT Holding, are able to adopt any resolution in the general meeting of shareholders regardless of how other shareholders vote, including, but not limited to, resolutions on the election of Supervisory Board members, on capital measures and on the allocation of profits and, hence, our dividend policy. In this context, the interests of Ares and affiliates of CPPIB, for example with respect to the allocation of profits and the distribution of dividends, may differ from the interests of some or all of our other shareholders.

Entities affiliated with Ares and affiliates of CPPIB may hold equity interests in entities that directly or indirectly compete with us, and companies in which they currently invest may begin competing with us. In addition, certain members of our Supervisory Board are affiliated with Ares, CPPIB and MYT Holding. As a result of these relationships, when conflicts arise between the interests of Ares and CPPIB and their affiliates, on the one hand, and the interests of the Company and our other shareholders, on the other hand, these members of our Supervisory Board may have an interest in the matter different from the interests of the Company and our other shareholders.

Dutch law provides that a member of the management board of a Dutch private company with limited liability (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid), such as the Company, may not participate in the adoption of resolutions (including deliberations in respect of these) if he or she has a direct or indirect personal interest conflicting with the interests of the company. Such a conflict of interest only exists if in the situation at hand the member of our Management Board is deemed to be unable to serve the interests of the Company and the business connected with it with the required level of integrity and objectivity. Pursuant to the Rules of Procedure for the Management Board, each member of our Management Board shall immediately report any (potential) personal conflict of interest concerning a member of our Management Board to the chairperson of the Supervisory Board and to the other members of our Management Board and shall provide all information relevant to the conflict.

If no resolution can be adopted by our Management Board as a consequence of such a personal conflict of interest, the resolution concerned will be adopted by our Supervisory Board. All transactions in which there are conflicts of interests with members of our Management Board will be agreed on terms that are customary in the sector concerned and disclosed in the Company’s annual report. The existence of an actual or potential conflict of interest does not affect the authority of a member of our Management and Supervisory Boards to represent the Company.

We may not pay dividends on our ordinary shares in the future and, consequently, your ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on the appreciation in the value of our securities.

We may not pay any cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the future. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, contractual restrictions. In addition, our ability to pay dividends is, and may be, limited by covenants of existing and any future outstanding indebtedness we or our subsidiaries incur. Therefore, any return on investment on our securities is solely dependent upon the appreciation of the value of our securities on the open market, which may not occur. In addition, withholding taxes, if applicable, could reduce the amount of the dividend that you will receive.

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MYT Netherlands is an operating holding company with no external revenue generating activities of its own and, as such, it depends on its subsidiaries for cash to fund its operations and expenses, including future dividend payments, if any.

As an operating holding company, our principal source of cash flow will be distributions or payments from our operating subsidiaries. Therefore, our ability to fund and conduct our business, service our debt and pay dividends, if any, in the future will depend on the ability of our subsidiaries and intermediate holding companies to make upstream cash distributions or payments to us, which may be impacted, for example, by their ability to generate sufficient cash flow or limitations on the ability to repatriate funds whether as a result of currency liquidity restrictions, monetary or exchange controls or otherwise. Our operating subsidiaries and intermediate holding companies are separate legal entities, and they are directly or indirectly wholly owned and controlled by us, with profit-transfer and cash-pooling agreements in place. Additionally, they might make funds available to us, whether in the form of loans, dividends or otherwise, except as may be provided through intercompany agreements from time to time. To the extent the ability of any of our subsidiaries to distribute dividends or other payments to us is limited in any way, our ability to fund and conduct our business, service our debt and pay dividends, if any, could be harmed.

Investors may have difficulty enforcing civil liabilities against us or the members of our Management or Supervisory Board.

We are incorporated in the Netherlands and conduct substantially all of our operations in the European Union through our subsidiaries. All members of our Management Board and five members of our Supervisory Board are non-residents of the United States. The majority of our assets and a significant portion of the assets of the members of our Management Board and Supervisory Board are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible, or may be very difficult, to serve process on company representatives or the company in the United States, or to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts against company representatives or the company based on civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States.

There is no treaty between the United States and the Netherlands for the mutual recognition and enforcement of judgments (other than arbitration awards) in civil and commercial matters. Therefore, a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any federal or state court in the United States based on civil liability, whether or not predicated solely upon the U.S. federal securities laws, would not be enforceable in the Netherlands unless the underlying claim is re-litigated before a Dutch court of competent jurisdiction. However, if a person has obtained a final judgment without appeal in such a matter rendered by a court in the United States that is enforceable in the United States and files his claim with the competent Dutch court, the Dutch court will recognize and give effect to such foreign judgment insofar as it finds that (i) the jurisdiction of the U.S. court has been based on grounds which are internationally acceptable, (ii) proper legal procedures have been observed, (iii) the judgment does not contravene Dutch public policy and, (iv) the judgment is not irreconcilable with a judgment of a Dutch court or an earlier judgment of a foreign court that is capable of being recognized in the Netherlands.

Based on the foregoing, there can be no assurance that U.S. investors will be able to enforce any judgments obtained in U.S. courts in civil and commercial matters, including judgments under the U.S. federal securities laws, against us, members of our Management Board and Supervisory Board, or our senior management. In addition, there is doubt as to whether a Dutch court would impose civil liability on us, the members of our Management and Supervisory Board or our senior management in an original action predicated solely upon the U.S. federal securities laws brought in a court of competent jurisdiction in the Netherlands against us or such members, respectively.

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MYT Netherlands may be treated as a passive foreign investment company, which could result in adverse tax consequences for investors in our securities that are subject to U.S. federal income tax.

Based on the anticipated market price of MYT Netherlands’ securities and the composition of MYT Netherlands’ income, assets (and such assets’ adjusted bases) and operations, MYT Netherlands does not expect to be treated as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes for the current taxable year or in the foreseeable future. However, this is a factual determination that must be made annually after the close of each taxable year. Therefore, there can be no assurance that MYT Netherlands will not be classified as a PFIC for the current taxable year or for any future taxable year. MYT Netherlands would be classified as a PFIC for any taxable year if, after the application of certain look-through rules, either: (1) 75% or more of its gross income for such year is “passive income” (as defined in the relevant provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”)), or (2) 50% or more of the value of its assets (determined on the basis of a quarterly average) during such year is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income. Certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences could apply to a U.S. holder (defined below) if MYT Netherlands is treated as a PFIC for any taxable year during which such U.S. holder holds equity securities. If a U.S. holder actually or constructively acquires equity securities resulting in the U.S. holder actually or constructively owning 10% or more of the combined voting power of MYT Netherlands voting stock or of the total value of our stock, different U.S. federal income tax consequences may apply.

The U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) may not agree that MYT Netherlands is a foreign corporation for U.S. federal tax purposes.

For U.S. federal tax purposes, a corporation is generally considered to be a foreign corporation if it is organized or incorporated outside of the United States. Because MYT Netherlands is incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands, it would be classified as a foreign corporation under these rules. Section 7874 of the Code provides an exception to this general rule under which a foreign incorporated entity may, in certain circumstances, be classified as a U.S. corporation for U.S. federal tax purposes.

As part of a prior internal reorganization, and notwithstanding the fact that MYT Netherlands’ operating assets were already owned through a foreign corporation, MYT Netherlands may be considered as a technical matter to have acquired substantially all of the assets indirectly held by of one or more U.S. corporations. Under Section 7874, MYT Netherlands could be treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. federal tax purposes if the former shareholders of the U.S. corporations are treated as receiving a requisite ownership percentage of the MYT Netherlands shares “by reason of” holding shares of the U.S. corporations.

We do not believe that Section 7874 caused MYT Netherlands or any of its affiliates to be treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. tax purposes as a result of the prior internal reorganization because, among other things, the requisite ownership test should not be satisfied. However, the law and Treasury Regulations promulgated under Section 7874 are complex and unclear in many regards, and there is limited guidance regarding the application of Section 7874. Moreover, the IRS could assert that subsequent transactions that resulted in ownership changes should be considered part of the prior internal reorganization and that Section 7874 applies to the combined transactions.

Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not challenge the status of MYT Netherlands or the status of any of its foreign affiliates as a foreign corporation under Section 7874 or that such challenge would not be sustained by a court. If the IRS were to successfully challenge such status under Section 7874, MYT Netherlands and its affiliates could be subject to substantial additional U.S. federal tax liability. In addition, MYT Netherlands and certain of its foreign affiliates are expected to be treated as tax residents of countries other than the United States for foreign tax purposes. Consequently, if MYT Netherlands or any such affiliate is treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. federal tax purposes under Section 7874, MYT Netherlands or such affiliate could be liable for both U.S. and non-U.S. taxes.

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One or more taxing authorities could challenge the tax residency of MYT Netherlands, and if such challenge were to be successful, we could be subject to increased and/or different taxes than we expect.

MYT Netherlands became a tax resident in Germany for German tax purposes as of September 7, 2020. By reason of MYT Netherlands’ incorporation under Dutch law, it is also deemed tax resident in the Netherlands for purposes of the Dutch Dividend Withholding Tax Act 1965 and the Dutch Corporation Tax Act 1969. As long as it continues to have its place of effective management in Germany, and not in the Netherlands, under the Convention of 2012 between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Netherlands for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income (the “Convention”), MYT Netherlands should be considered to be tax resident exclusively in Germany. The application of the Convention changed once the Protocol to amend the Convention dated 24 March 2021 entered into became effective on 1 January 2023. For MYT Netherlands, the Protocol to amend the Convention dated 24 March 2021, will apply in the Netherlands for the fiscal year starting on 1 July 2023, i.e., the first fiscal year following 1 January 2023. Once the Protocol to amend the Convention dated 24 March 2021, is effective, the Dutch tax authorities could try to deny the granting of benefits under the Convention by taking the position that one of the principal purposes for MYT Netherlands to move its place of effective management to Germany was to obtain the benefits of the Convention. MYT Netherlands believes that it has strong arguments that the benefits of the Convention cannot be denied under the principal purpose test of the Protocol to Amend the Convention given the location of relevant activities at the current time. This determination, however, depends on the relevant facts and circumstances, so there can be no assurance that a court will uphold MYT Netherlands’ position, if it is challenged. Furthermore, whether MYT Netherlands has its place of effective management in Germany and is as such tax resident in Germany is largely a question of fact and degree based on all the circumstances, rather than a question of law, which facts and degree may also change. Changes to applicable laws or interpretations thereof and changes to applicable facts and circumstances (e.g., a change of board members or the place where board meetings take place), may result in MYT Netherlands becoming a tax resident of a jurisdiction other than Germany, potentially also triggering an exit tax liability in Germany, or in the denial of benefits under the Convention. These changes could have a material adverse impact on MYT Netherlands’ financial results and/or the future marketability of MYT Netherlands’ ADSs. For further discussion, see “Taxation - German Taxation - Tax Residence of MYT Netherlands”.

If MYT Netherlands pays dividends, it may need to withhold tax on such dividends payable to holders of its equity securities in both Germany and the Netherlands.

As an entity incorporated under Dutch law, but with its place of effective management in Germany (and not in the Netherlands), MYT Netherlands’ dividends are generally subject to German dividend withholding tax and not Dutch withholding tax. However, Dutch dividend withholding tax, in addition to German withholding tax, will be required to be withheld from dividends if and when paid to Dutch resident holders of MYT Netherlands’ ADSs (and non-Dutch resident holders of MYT Netherlands’ ADSs that have a permanent establishment in the Netherlands to which their shareholding is attributable). In addition, the Protocol dated March 24, 2021 to amend the Convention will enter into effect on 1 January 2023 and will for the Netherlands apply to MYT Netherlands for the fiscal year starting on 1 July 2023. Starting with 1 July 2023, due to the application of the Protocol, the Dutch tax authorities could take the position that the exemption from Dutch dividend withholding tax for non-Dutch resident holders of equity securities is not applicable, by taking the position that one of the principal purposes for MYT Netherlands to move its place of effective management to Germany was to obtain the benefits of the Convention. MYT Netherlands believes that it has strong arguments that the benefits of the Convention cannot be denied under the principal purpose test of the Protocol to amend the Convention. This determination, however, depends on the relevant facts and circumstances, so there can be no assurance that a court will uphold MYT Netherlands’ position, if it is challenged. MYT Netherlands will be required to identify its shareholders and/or ADS holders in order to assess whether there are Dutch residents (or non-Dutch residents with a permanent establishment to which the shares are attributable) in respect of which Dutch dividend tax has to be withheld. Such identification may not always be possible in practice. If the identity of MYT Netherlands’ shareholders and/or ADS holders cannot be assessed upon a payment of dividend, withholding of both German and Dutch dividend tax from such dividend may occur. Non-Dutch resident holders of MYT Netherlands’ ADSs may apply for a refund of Dutch dividend tax, if withheld on the distribution.

Holders of our securities may be subject to limitations on transfer of their securities.

Our registrar and transfer agents may close its transfer books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. In addition, our registrar and transfer agents may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of our securities generally when our books or the books of such registrar and transfer agent are closed, or at any time if we or such registrar and transfer agent deems it advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of our articles of association, or for any other reason.

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Item 4: Information on the company

We have historically conducted our business through Mytheresa Group GmbH (formerly named: NMG Germany GmbH), a German limited liability company (Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung) with its statutory seat in Munich, registered with the commercial register of the local court of Munich under HRB 211727 (“MGG”), and its subsidiaries. MGG is wholly owned subsidiary of the issuer, MYT Netherlands Parent B.V., a private company with limited liability under the laws of the Netherlands (besloten vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid) and registered with the Trade Register of the German Chamber of Commerce under number 261084 (“MYT Netherlands”). Except where the context otherwise requires or where otherwise indicated, the terms “Mytheresa,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” “our company” and “our business” refer to MYT Netherlands together with MGG and its other consolidated subsidiaries as a consolidated entity; the term “MYT Netherlands” or “the issuer” refers to MYT Netherlands as a stand-alone company; and the term “MYT Holding” refers to MYT Holding LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as a stand-alone company and, prior to the public offering, the sole shareholder of MYT Netherlands.

MYT Netherlands Parent B.V. is a private company with limited liability, incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands on May 31, 2019. The statutory seat of the Company is in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The registered office address of the Company is at Einsteinring 9, 85609 Aschheim, Germany. Our telephone number at this address is +49 89 127695 614. The Company is registered at the trade register of the German Chamber of Commerce under number 261084.

For a discussion of our principal capital expenditures, refer to Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — B. Liquidity and Capital Resources,” and our Consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, such as us, that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov. Our website address is www. investors.mytheresa.com. We use this investors section of our website as a means of disclosing material, non-public information. Accordingly, investors should monitor this section of our website, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. We have included our website address in this Annual Report solely for informational purposes, and the information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference in this Annual Report.

Mytheresa is a leading luxury e-commerce platform for the global luxury consumer shipping to over 130 countries. We offer one of the finest edits in luxury, curated from more than 200 of the world’s most coveted brands of womenswear, menswear, kidswear and lifestyle products. Our story began over three decades ago with the opening of Theresa, in Munich, one of the first multi-brand luxury boutiques in Germany, followed by the launch of the digital platform Mytheresa in 2006. Today, we provide a unique digital experience that combines exclusive product and content offerings with a differentiated global customer service, leading technology and analytical platforms, as well as high quality service operations. Our more than 30 years of market insights and long-standing relationships with the world’s leading luxury brands, such as Bottega Veneta, Burberry, Dolce&Gabbana, Gucci, Loewe, Loro Piana, Moncler, Prada, Saint Laurent, Valentino, and many more, have established Mytheresa as a global authority in luxury goods.

We acquire and retain customers who are predominantly working professionals with significant spending power and limited time, shop frequently, seek luxury products that are not easily found elsewhere and demand superior customer service. These customers are high income luxury consumers that value quality over price and curation over assortment breadth. To reward and engage our most valued customers, we offer a tiered Top Customer program: Inner Circle and Front Row. In fiscal 2023, we generated approximately 37.5% of our GMV from approximately 3.5% of our customers who were part of the Top Customer program. This program offers a range of benefits, such as first access to runway and exclusive pieces, previews of new season styles, dedicated personal shopping services and invitations to exclusive events and fashion shows as well as other money can’t buy experiences. The exclusive events, collections and campaigns that we create with our luxury brand partners highlight the innovation and creativity we bring to the luxury fashion world, underpin the strong relationships we have with these brands, and enable us to deepen connections with our most valued customers.

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We have longstanding relationships with the world’s most iconic luxury brands, including Alexander McQueen, Balenciaga, Balmain, Bottega Veneta, Burberry, Dolce & Gabbana, Gucci, Loewe, Loro Piana, Moncler, Prada, Saint Laurent, Stella McCartney and Valentino. In fiscal 2023, our average order value was €654 (fiscal 2022: €626), one of the highest in the industry, reflecting our commitment to true luxury. We curate the most coveted luxury brands, and within those brands, the most on-trend and luxurious pieces. We use a combination of luxury fashion expertise and data insights to optimize our product assortment architecture. Since our inception, we have retained 100% of our brand partners we wanted to keep, which is a testament to our strong, trusted brand relationships.

Our business model combines technology, luxury fashion and differentiated customer service on a global scale. The simplicity of our mobile-first website and app (“sites”) creates an efficient and user-friendly shopping experience for our time-constrained, global customers. Our sites offer advanced features, including the ability to personalize the customer experience, express checkout processes, and real-time push notification order tracking. We have an efficient, repeatable playbook for localizing the customer experience through local language, currencies, payment methods, shipping services and marketing. In fiscal 2023, we generated approximately net sales of 16.7% from Germany, 39.0% from Europe (excluding Germany), 18.0% from United States and 26.3% from the rest of world.

Mobile devices represented 53% of gross merchandise sales and 79% of page views for fiscal 2023, underscoring the importance of our mobile-first approach.

We have rapidly scaled our global customer base and net sales over the past four years, while maintaining our high average order values.

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From fiscal 2022 to fiscal 2023, we grew our active customers by 9.6% to 856,000 customers. In fiscal 2023, we reported €768.6 million in net sales, representing growth of 11.4% from fiscal 2022.

For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, gross profit was at €382.6 million, an increase of €27.6 million or 7.8% year-over-year. Net loss increased to €15.1 million in fiscal 2023 from €7.9 million in fiscal 2022.  Operating loss is at €6.1 million in fiscal 2023 compared to an Operating Income of €4.8 million in fiscal 2022. In fiscal 2023, we reported Adjusted Net Income of €20.3 million compared to €46.9 million in fiscal 2022. Additionally, in fiscal 2023, we generated €29.4 million compared to €59.6 million, in prior year period of Adjusted Operating Income and €41.1 million of Adjusted EBITDA compared to €68.7 million in fiscal 2022.

Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted EBITDA are measures that are not defined in IFRS. For further information about how we calculate Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted EBITDA, limitations of their use and their reconciliations to the most comparable IFRS measures, see “Item 5: Operating and financial review and prospects – A. Operating Results”

Our Industry

We operate at the intersection of luxury goods, technology and service. Online personal luxury goods is a large and rapidly growing market, and we believe we are uniquely positioned to capture market share as a result of our exclusive, highly curated product assortment, leading service offering and advanced technology.

Luxury Market

The global luxury market, inclusive of luxury apparel, accessories, beauty and hard goods, is expected to accelerate further reaching €530-570 billion by 2030, more than double its size in 2020, according to Bain & Company’s Luxury Goods Worldwide Market Monitor (Spring 2023) (the “2023 Bain Study”). We believe luxury is one of the last attractive categories to expand online and is relatively underpenetrated compared to traditional apparel and footwear.

The personal luxury goods market posted a record year in 2022, reaching a market value of €345 billion, despite geopolitical tensions and macroeconomic uncertainty. This momentum persisted into the first quarter of 2023, achieving 9-11% growth over 2022 (based on the Bain & Company’s Luxury Goods Worldwide Market Study - Spring 2023).

Consumers generally approach the market in a borderless manner, often purchasing luxury goods across multiple continents, seeking an elevated shopping experience and anytime access wherever their travels take them.

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Online Multi-Brand Retail Taking Market Share

Global online luxury multi-brand retailers and online marketplaces are gaining market share over incumbent players, including department stores and luxury retailer's websites, according to Bain & Company's 2021 Worldwide Luxury Market Monitor (November 2021) (the "2021 Bain Study"). The online luxury retail market is highly fragmented, characterized by primarily regional department stores and boutiques, online marketplaces and only a limited number of global multi-brand retailers. We believe that global multi-branded online retail is a more compelling model than marketplaces for both consumers and brands: for consumers due to the desire for well-curated assortments offering a clear point of view that allows discovery as well as efficient product selection, and for brands to whom multi-brand retailers offer access to attractive customers, and most importantly, more control over brand image and pricing integrity. Additionally, online multi-brand retailers complement the brands’ own direct-to-consumer efforts with cross-category and cross-brand customer insights as well as the ability to ensure brands are presented consistently with the brand’s desired positioning. The latest McKinsey & Company Outlook from 2023, shows that the luxury segment should show more resilience in the months ahead than other categories.

Wealthiest Consumers are Driving Growth and Resilient Demand

The global luxury market continues to be driven by the growth of high net worth individuals (“HNWIs”), individuals with greater than $1 million in investable assets, a key and highly coveted customer demographic with large luxury spend. The wealth of HNWIs has increased at a CAGR of 5.1% from 2015 to 2022, reaching $83.0 trillion as of 2022, according to the World Wealth Report 2023 from Capgemini (the “Capgemini Reports”).

Luxury Brands Demand First-Class Service and Brand Protection

Luxury brands value brand image, pricing integrity and the perception of scarcity across their product portfolios. They are highly selective and seek retail partners who increase their visibility to the most affluent luxury consumers while adhering to these core values. Luxury brands are selective with whom they work, terminating relationships, especially with online retailers, if standards are not upheld. These brands prefer partnering with online retailers who have full control over all aspects of the shopping experience and deliver exceptional service to protect and enhance their brand integrity.

The Luxury Consumer

The luxury market is comprised of several types of consumers, each with their own lifestyle, income and spending characteristics:

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We target everyday luxury fashion enthusiasts and top luxury consumers as we believe these customers are the most loyal, value our differentiated service and represent the largest wallet share potential.

Differentiated Value Proposition of Mytheresa for Customers and Brand Partners

Mytheresa provides a vibrant shopping experience that brings together hundreds of thousands of luxury consumers with the world’s most exclusive brands.

Our Value Proposition to Customers

Trusted discovery platform and curated assortment of the most coveted luxury brands.     We provide customers with one of the finest edits of the most coveted luxury brands. For example, of the over 14,000 stock-keeping units (“SKUs”) we curate from our top 30 selling luxury designer brands, less than around 24% of those items overlapped with our multi-brand competitors according to an ongoing internal pricing analysis comparison Our content and brand stories, which are produced 100% in-house, inspire our customer and are integral to Mytheresa’s reputation as a trusted fashion authority for discovery. Our highly curated edit of luxury is core to our DNA and allows us to translate fashion from the runway to the wardrobes of our customers. We encourage daily discovery through our “New Arrivals” section on our sites, as well as real-time product recommendations and inspirational content. For members of our Top Customer program we take our curation to a deeper level with personal shoppers, who know each customer’s specific fashion aesthetic and will recommend pieces via the preferred communication channel of the customer (phone, email, text message or other messaging platforms), or in some cases, hosting personal styling appointments.

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Exclusive access to capsule collections.    Our deeply entrenched and long-term relationships with the most coveted luxury brands allow us to provide unique offerings to our customers, including exclusive capsule collections, product personalization and first access through exclusive pre-launches. In fiscal 2023, we launched 95 exclusive capsule collections and campaigns with in-house produced exclusive content from brands including Moncler, Valentino, Loro Piana, Dolce&Gabbana, Bottega Veneta, Gucci, Pucci, Loewe, Givenchy and many more.

Superior service drives differentiated shopping experience.    We are dedicated to providing our customers with superior service throughout their shopping experience and believe this sets us apart from our competitors. We have team members who are available to serve our customers 24 hours per day, seven days a week and in eight languages. Additionally, our localized websites, which are also available in eight languages and eight currencies, and our global in-house logistics capabilities provide the fast, efficient and frictionless shopping experience our global customers demand. We believe customers are loyal to Mytheresa because we provide excellent service every time they interact with us. Our emphasis on exceptional service is inherent throughout all customer touchpoints, including our sites, customer care, delivery and global personal shopping team. For example, we provide customers with personalized product recommendations, last-minute deliveries, and hand-signed notes with our delivered products to personally connect and provide the high-touch service our customers enjoy. Our customer satisfaction with our service and experience is evidenced by our best-in-class net promoter score (“NPS”) of 76.4%, which is an annualized average of weekly measurements conducted by us in fiscal 2023. Through our distribution and fulfillment capabilities, we offer fast shipping to our customers in metropolitan areas globally in less than 72 hours, with one to two days shipping service in all of Europe where express shipping is available. Our customer service teams are experts in working with luxury customers. We received approximately 7,378 calls per week, on average, during fiscal 2023, with approximately 85.2% of 391 thousand calls answered within 20 seconds.

Special brand experiences for our top customers.   In fiscal 2023, we invited our top customers around the world to 38 "money-can’t-buy" experiences. Highlights include the launch of the exclusive Dolce&Gabbana Portofino collection with a three-day experience including a Cocktail at the Villa Olivetta hosted by the designers themselves and a fashion show at the iconic “piazzetta” in Portofino in attendance of Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana, an intimate dinner and party with Loewe co-hosted by Jonathan Anderson at the Sheats-Goldstein Residence, a two-day “Summer in Rome” experience with Valentino, a private dinner at the Salon of Maison Schiaparelli, a Jimmy Choo experience in Venice, including an intimate dinner in a private Palazzo in attendance of Creative Director Sandra Choi, a party in Paris to celebrate the launch of a capsule with Balmain in attendance of the Creative Director Olivier Rousteing, the sponsoring of the Christian Louboutin exhibition in Monaco accompanied by a dinner for our top customers with the iconic shoe designer Christian Louboutin himself, as well as events in China and in the Middle East. In addition, multiple non-public top customer experiences have been hosted for example at the headquarters of Tod’s in Sant’Elpidio a Mare and Brunello Cuccinelli in Solomeo. These events and brand experiences provide our top customers, press, influencers and friends of the house with “money-can’t-buy” experiences, while also giving us the opportunity to amplify the content created across social media.

Unique physical luxury experiences to engage with our customers. In order to engage and build personal relationships with high-net worth customers, we hosted a 5-week pop up in partnership with Flamingo Estate in East Hampton, in the United States. We converted a former auto body repair shop into a luxurious, interactive, summer body shop, offering a highly curated selection of merchandise as well as hosting several shopping events in the location with partners such as Oscar de la Renta, Bucherer, Dr. Barbara Sturm, Cultured, The Hamptons Magazine, Indagare, the Purist and many more

Our Value Proposition to Brand Partners

Online Visibility to Highly Coveted Global Luxury Customers.   In addition to brands appearing on our sites, we create exclusive experiences and collections that provide additional opportunities to engage with our customers and social media followers. In addition to our 38 events, we launched 95 campaigns in collaboration with our brand partners to launch exclusive products only available on Mytheresa or first available on Mytheresa. We launched several exclusive collections, such as Dolce&Gabbana’s Capsule Collection, featuring Portofino’s iconic spots, exclusive pre-fall styles in collaboration with with Maison Valentino, an exclusive bag launch with Bottega Veneta, menswear capsule collections from Loro Piana and Dolce&Gabbana and a spike collection of Christian Louboutin. Other highly visible campaigns include the only available at Mytheresa collections of Versace, Etro, Khaite, Zimmermann and Oscar de la Renta, as well as an immersive shoppable video created by Mytheresa to celebrate exclusive styles of Moncler Grenoble and featuring professional skiers.

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Innovative and Engaging Content Across Media Formats.    We produce 100% proprietary content in-house across different media formats including films, music videos, games, magazines and photography shoots on behalf of, and in partnership with, our brand partners. We place this content across our consumer touchpoints, including our home page, app, mobile first newsletter, paid formats and social media that includes our own managed platforms ranging from Instagram and Pinterest to WeChat and RED. We take a product-focused and experiential approach to content creation, which has differentiated and strengthened our longstanding relationships with some of the world’s leading luxury brands. Our highly stylized production showcases our brand partners’ products at their best, and our brand partners often promote our content and edits on their own social media accounts and websites. We also regularly achieve extensive global publicity for our brand partners and ourselves through features and exclusive stories, as well as through our more than 3.41 million followers, as of June 30, 2023, across social media platforms.

Established Reputation for Being Trusted Brand Stewards and Maintaining Brand Integrity.    We are viewed as an integral global partner and have consistently been recognized as such by leading luxury brands including Bottega Veneta, Burberry, Dolce&Gabbana, Gucci, Loewe, Loro Piana, Moncler, Prada, Saint Laurent, Valentino, and many more. Our focus only on the most valuable luxury customers, our ability to deliver a superior service experience and our strong full price sell-through highlight our commitment to maintaining brand integrity for our brand partners.

Data-Driven Analytics and Customer Insights.     We have developed significant data capabilities and insights across our platform. We regularly provide our brand partners with detailed aggregated data, analysis, and customer insights on metrics such as product performance, spending and trend patterns, brand affinity, product adjacencies, subcategory penetrations and geographic reach.

Our Competitive Strengths

We attribute our market success, rapid growth and strong profitability to the following competitive strengths:

Customer-First Approach with Deep Understanding and Analytical Insight.    We target, acquire and retain the most valuable luxury customers by pairing superior service with advanced technology. Our deep understanding of our customers enables us to provide a shopping experience tailored to them and drive loyalty. Our customer is time-constrained, requires efficient, personalized service, and favors our easy-to-use sites. Unlike online fashion marketplaces where customers go to price compare common luxury SKUs, we believe our customers shop our platform for discovery and access to exclusive products they cannot find elsewhere. To assist this shopping experience, we have invested in a robust technology platform that allows us to analyze data to produce actionable insights that we use to identify customers and personalize our site, emails, and brand recommendations for them. Our data-driven technology platform is integral to our merchandising and marketing functions and enables us to consistently deliver a superior shopping experience to several hundred thousand customers across over 130 countries. A key component of our customer experience is a mobile and app-first approach. In fiscal 2023, mobile orders accounted for 53% of our net sales, of which 37% were app orders, and approximately 79% of page views were generated via mobile app, tablet, and mobile phone. We combine data-driven customer insights, decades of thought-leadership in fashion, and exceptional customer service to deliver an unparalleled customer experience.

Our Curated Product Assortment Offers One of The Finest Edits In Luxury Fashion.     We believe our curated assortment is the preferred platform for customers and brands compared to department stores, marketplaces and other online players. We offer leading luxury brands visibility to a highly valuable audience, customer trend insights across multiple brands and categories, and most importantly, more control over brand image and pricing integrity. We assort the most coveted brands and, from those brands, the most differentiated, relevant and luxurious pieces. Our edit features a meticulously curated, elevated assortment of luxury products that we display in an attractive way across our sites and content. Our platform facilitates discovery through personalized recommendations and convenient comparison features. Through our deep understanding of our customers’ needs, we are able to buy an optimal selection of curated inventory to consistently turn inventory with a high full price sell-through.

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Highly Loyal and Engaged Global Luxury Customer Base.    We have deep relationships with a growing number of dedicated luxury and highly coveted, high net worth customers. We have grown our active customer base at a 25.8% CAGR since fiscal 2016, with 68.3% of net sales in fiscal 2023 coming from existing customers. To reward and engage our most valued customers, we offer a tiered Top Customer program: Inner Circle and Front Row. Our emphasis on targeting and serving these top customers resulted in the generation of approximately 37.5% of our GMV from approximately 3.5% of our top customers in fiscal 2023. Given our value proposition, high average order value, and strong customer loyalty, we achieved a 3.6x 7-year LTV to CAC ratio for the 2016 cohort, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our marketing spend and long-term profitability of our business model. Further, once a customer commits to our platform, they spend more over time, as evidenced by our 82% net sales retention from prior year cohorts and our approximately 100% net sales retention for cohorts who have been with us for more than two fiscal years, representing our ability to retain customers and to increase active customers’ spend and frequency, in fiscal 2023.

Partner of Choice for the World’s Most Coveted Luxury Brands.    We have a rich, 30-year heritage of working with more than 200 of the most coveted luxury brands, who trust us for our commitment to full-price integrity, appreciate our innovative approach to targeting digital luxury consumers, and often provide us access to exclusive products and collections. In fiscal 2023, we featured 95 exclusive capsule collections and campaigns from preeminent designers including Moncler, Valentino, Gucci, Loro Piana, Dolce&Gabbana, Loewe, Givenchy and many more. This represents a significant increase of 25% from the 76 campaigns we offered in fiscal 2022. Our average tenure with our top 30 brands is more than 10 years and we have retained 100% of our brand partners we wanted to keep since our founding. This underscores the strength of our relationships and differentiates Mytheresa as one of the online retailers that luxury brands prefer to partner with. Additionally, our top 30 brands’ share of overall net sales has remained stable as we have scaled the business.

Combination of Growth and Profitability with Attractive and Sustainable Unit Economics.    As a result of our top-of-funnel brand campaigns and our sophisticated performance marketing efforts, we acquire customers efficiently and profitably and attract high quality customers who have a high propensity to repeat. As we have scaled our customers and net sales over the years, we have improved profitability through our commitment to price integrity, yielding a high gross margin, as well as efficient marketing and leveraging of our fixed cost base. In fiscal 2023, we grew our active customers by 9.6%.

Experienced and Proven Management Team Combining Expertise From Luxury and Digital Worlds.    Our team is led by our Chief Executive Officer, Michael Kliger, who joined Mytheresa in 2015 from eBay Enterprise where he was a Vice President for all of Europe and Asia Pacific. His deep customer knowledge across geographies has helped accelerate growth and enhance profitability. Michael is complemented by our experienced senior management team with industry-leading expertise across luxury, technology and e-commerce operations. The business verticals are led by Dr. Martin Beer (Chief Financial Officer), Sebastian Dietzmann (Chief Operating Officer), Isabel May (Chief Customer Experience Officer), Gareth Locke (Chief Growth Officer) and Richard Johnson (Chief Commercial Officer). Like our customers, we are diverse, with employees representing more than 93 nationalities and 62% of whom were women as of June 30, 2023. Our culture is collaborative, confident, creative, accountable, performance driven and dedicated to delivering to our customers the finest edit and service in luxury.

Growth Strategies

We plan to drive our market leadership, growth and profitability through the following strategies:

Profitably Acquire New Customers. We will focus our efforts on reaching the world’s most affluent luxury consumers. We believe our market share is less than 1% in the online personal luxury goods category. Given the strong projected growth of the luxury market, we believe we have a significant opportunity to expand our customer base in both our existing and new markets. We expect to attract new customers in all geographies including Europe, as well as the United States and Asia. Our demonstrated playbook for localizing new geographies is efficient, effective and repeatable. We leverage localized social media content and influencers, curation, languages and events to bring the Mytheresa brand to new markets. We believe our exclusive aspirational content and events resonate globally, providing a scalable marketing engine to efficiently acquire new customers across geographies. Through our more than 3.4 million followers as of June 30, 2023, across social media platforms and our luxury influencer relationships, we believe we will continue to reach new customers and raise brand awareness globally through this low-cost medium. We intend to augment our core performance marketing strategy by pursuing App download advertising, further optimizing bidding rules for paid search engines, scaling organic search content in several additional languages, introducing a new customer acquisition model, and accelerating social media channel growth.

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Continue to Expand Share of Wallet and Retention for Existing Customer Base.     We plan to deepen our existing customer relationships to improve our strong revenue retention and increase our wallet share with customers. We believe we can increase purchase frequency and spend by improving our customer experience, Top Customer program and brand relationships. We will enhance our customer experience by continuing to refine our customer analytics, increasing personalization and product recommendations, improving the mobile experience and providing additional opportunities to pre-order exclusive products as well as expanding our team of personal shoppers across the globe. We will make selective improvements to our Top Customer program offerings and localization as we continue to expand globally. To supplement our top-tier offering for our most valued customers, we will continue to partner with brands to host our exclusive events while also improving service levels in key geographies through local support staff and distribution capability enhancements. Furthermore, we expanded our successful exclusive re-sale service dedicated to our high-end luxury customers in partnership with Vestiaire Collective to more categories, brands and markets.

Expand wallet share with the launch of Mytheresa Kids.    In January 2019, we officially launched our kidswear offering with 35 brands which we have now grown to an offering of 50 brands. Given the significant proportion of our top customers who have children and are looking to purchase luxury kidswear, many of our top brands such as Balmain, Burberry, Chloe, Dolce & Gabbana, Golden Goose, Gucci, Moncler, and Stella McCartney have collaborated with us on our launch of Mytheresa Kids. As many of our luxury brands continue to introduce separate kidswear lines, we have also been able to add kidswear even for brands like Loro Piana and Brunello Cucinelli recently. Like we do with womenswear we have also been able to introduce exclusive kidswear items only available at Mytheresa with brands like Dolce Gabbana, Off-white & Palm Angels and Victoria Beckham Our unique focus on luxury and our famous curation unlocks incremental wallet share from our customers who already know and trust our curated offering and wish to also purchase luxury products for the children in their lives. While 75% of kidswear items have been bought by existing customers, 25% of purchases have been by customers that have discovered Mytheresa through our luxury kidswear offering which presents an opportunity for additional growth. In a short time, we have managed to become a significant player in the global luxury kidswear market. The synergies with our existing business are reflected with 75% of our customers who bought kidswear items already bought other items, mostly womenswear items. This strengthens, of course, the unit economics of our kidswear offering.

Further build a reputation as one of the leading player for Menswear.    We launched Mytheresa Men in January 2020 with more than 100 curated brands to target the modern, affluent man with a curated, inspiring product offering reflecting the zeitgeist in men’s fashion. Our ambition is to become the global opinion leader and leading luxury online destination for luxury menswear. Our positioning is the white space between time-honored luxury and the post-streetwear era. We have dedicated men’s buying, creative, marketing, communication and merchandising teams to look after this new business. We are seeing ongoing support from our brand partners as evidenced by the fact that we offered exclusive capsule collections and pre-launches from Tom Ford, Moncler, Ami Paris, Givenchy, Our Legacy, Dries Van Noten and Berluti. We believe we are in a prime position to become an authority in the evolving menswear space given our ability to define menswear with a new positioning and the relationships we have with our current brand partners who have some of the top luxury menswear lines.

While we initially leveraged our existing site traffic and reputation as a luxury authority to grow our menswear business, we have already seen tremendous success through Mytheresa Men, with 19% of all Mytheresa customers in fiscal 2023 consisting of menswear customers. We believe that the success of Mytheresa Men since its launch demonstrates its potential to become a source of growth for our overall business and an opportunity to bring new customers to the Mytheresa platform.

Following the highly successful online launch of menswear and the initial opening of the Mytheresa Men’s Store in 2020, we renovated and expanded our menswear store in Munich’s city center in June 2023, underlining our customer-first approach and greatly enhancing the shopping experience for our customers. The store has undergone a remarkable transformation, presenting an extended retail space that reflects a design concept embodying the essence of modern luxury menswear, to become the leading destination for luxury menswear digitally and physically. The floor space has now expanded from 100 to approximately 300 square-meters, offering a highly curated selection of men’s ready-to-wear, leather goods, accessories, and footwear collections from the world’s leading luxury brands and designers.

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Expand wallet share with the launch of Mytheresa Life:    We launched the new category Life in May 2022, extending Mytheresa’s renowned multi-brand shopping approach into all aspects of luxury lifestyle. Life presents the most elevated selection of home décor and other lifestyle products, further deepening the relationship with our high value customers that have a passion for luxury design in their wardrobes as well as their homes. The curated assortment includes interior and lifestyle products from iconic fashion houses such as Loro Piana, Missoni, Dolce&Gabbana and Aquazzura to renowned interior design brands, including Vitra, Fornasetti and Cassina, to independent home décor and table top specialists like Ginori 1735, 101 CPH, 1882 LTD., Serax and Zaha Hadid. Being the only curated luxury online platform to combine womenswear, menswear, kidswear and now lifestyle products, makes us a truly unique and engaging destination for luxury shoppers.

Access New Complementary Customer Categories.    We plan to increase our share of customer and household wallet share as well as attract new customers globally by investing in new categories to complement our strong existing business. Fully in line with that was the launch, in the fourth quarter, of our exclusive partnership with Bucherer, the world's largest luxury watches and jewellery retailer from Switzerland, to offer certified pre-owned watches with an international two-year warranty and full-service package directly from the watch experts of Bucherer. The offer initially launched in Europe and covers the most elevated selection of high-end and certified pre-owned timepieces from brands such Audemars Piguet, Breitling, IWC Schaffhausen, Jaeger-LeCoultre and Omega. So far, the most expensive watch sold on our platform was an 86,000 EUR Audemars Piguet Royal Oak watch.

Enhance Our Trusted Relationships with the World’s Most Coveted Brands.    We will continue to enhance our value proposition for both customers and brands to attract new high net worth customers globally and further increase our desirability with top brands. We will enhance our brand relationships by providing customer insights and ensuring that luxury brands come alive for our digital luxury customer through production of exclusive content. We expect to continue to increase our access to exclusive merchandise and capsule collections with the world’s most iconic luxury brands. To this end we are also continually exploring new partnership models with the world’s top luxury brands to provide our customers full access to product ranges and supply levels usually only available to the retail network of brands.

Continue To Innovate and Leverage Use of Proprietary Data Insights.    We plan to continue to identify ways to leverage our proprietary data to optimize the Mytheresa experience for both our customers and our brand partners. In addition, we plan to continue innovating and investing across our user interface, technology platform, supply chain and distribution, and localization capabilities to improve service levels and further enhance and personalize our customer’s experience. Our data helps inform the product assortment architecture which is pivotal in optimizing inventory for both our brand partners and us alike. As we scale, our global data repository grows turning the buying process into a data enhanced science. While we have been able to build our capabilities in house, we will evaluate partnerships, alliances and acquisition opportunities that enable new go-to-market strategies to further our reach and customer loyalty. Additionally, by leveraging advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning, we will refine our merchandising and marketing capabilities to incorporate visual search capabilities and enhance our size and fit optimization.

Investment in Profitable Growth Opportunities.  We continually evaluate opportunities to accelerate our growth strategy. These will benefit from leveraging our existing customer base and will benefit from the Mytheresa brand perception in the market.

Please refer to Note 5.1 to our audited consolidated financial statements (“Scope of Consolidation”) included elsewhere in this Annual Report for a listing of our significant subsidiaries, including name, country of incorporation, and proportion of ownership interest.

Facilities

Our corporate headquarters are located in Aschheim (Munich), Germany. We rent our central warehouse facility in Heimstetten, Germany, which has approximately 16,970m2 of floor space for storage, merchandising operations and fulfillment and a second fulfillment center in Leipzig, Germany with approximately 54,550m2 of floor space. We also rent additional office space in London, Shanghai, Berlin, Barcelona, New York and Milan, in addition to our retail stores in Munich.

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The following table sets forth information with respect to our facilities as of June 30, 2023:

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Item 4A: Unresolved staff comments

None.

Item 5: Operating and financial review and prospects

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this annual report. In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements based on our current expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth in “Item 3: Key information - D. Risk factors” and “Special note regarding forward-looking statements” sections and elsewhere in this annual report.

Business Overview

Mytheresa is a leading luxury e-commerce platform for the global luxury consumer shipping to over 130 countries. We offer one of the finest edits in luxury, curated from more than 200 of the world’s most coveted brands of womenswear, menswear, kidswear and lifestyle products. Our story began over three decades ago with the opening of Theresa, in Munich, one of the first multi-brand luxury boutiques in Germany, followed by the launch of the digital platform Mytheresa in 2006. Today, we provide a unique digital experience that combines exclusive product and content offerings with a differentiated global customer service, leading technology and analytical platforms, as well as high quality service operations. Our more than 30 years of market insights and long-standing relationships with the world’s leading luxury brands, such as Bottega Veneta, Burberry, Dolce&Gabbana, Gucci, Loewe, Loro Piana, Moncler, Prada, Saint Laurent, Valentino, and many more, have established Mytheresa as a global authority in luxury goods.

Business Highlights

From fiscal 2022 to fiscal 2023, we grew our active customers by 9.6% to 856,000 customers. In fiscal 2023, we reported €768.6 million in net sales, representing growth of 11.4% from fiscal 2022. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 gross profit was at €382.6 million, an increase of €27.6 million or 7.8% year-over-year. Operating Loss is at €6.1 million in fiscal 2023 compared to an Operating Income of €4.8 million in fiscal 2022. Net loss increased to €15.1 million in fiscal 2023 from €7.9 million in fiscal 2022. In fiscal 2023, we reported Adjusted Net Income of €20.3 million compared to €46.9 million in fiscal 2022. Additionally, in fiscal 2023, we generated €29.4 million compared to €59.6 million, in prior year period of Adjusted Operating Income and €41.1 million of Adjusted EBITDA compared to €68.7 million in fiscal 2022.

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Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted EBITDA are measures that are not defined in IFRS. For further information about how we calculate Adjusted Net Income, Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted EBITDA, limitations of their use and their reconciliations to the most comparable IFRS measures, see “Item 5: Operating and financial review and prospects – A. Operating Results”

Factors Affecting our Performance

To analyze our business performance, determine financial forecasts and help develop long-term strategic plans, we focus on the factors described below. While each of these factors presents significant opportunity for our business, collectively, they also pose important challenges that we must successfully address in order to sustain our growth, improve our operating results and achieve and maintain our profitability, including those discussed below and in the section of this report titled ‘‘Risk Factors.’’

Overall Economic Trends

The overall economic environment and related changes in consumer behavior have a significant impact on our business. Though it is generally more muted in our high net worth customer cohort versus a broader demographic, positive conditions in the broader economy promote customer spending on our website, while economic weakness, which generally results in a reduction of customer spending, may have a negative effect on customer spend. Global macroeconomic factors can affect customer spending patterns, and consequently our results of operations. These include, but are not limited to, employment rates, trade negotiations, availability of credit, inflation, interest rates and fuel, regional military conflicts and energy costs. In addition, during periods of low unemployment, we generally experience higher labor costs.

Growth in Brand Awareness

We will continue to invest in brand marketing activities to expand brand awareness. As we build our customer base, we will launch additional brand marketing campaigns, host events and develop in-house product content to attract new customers to our platform. If we fail to cost-effectively promote our brand or convert impressions into new customers, our net sales growth and profitability may be adversely affected.

Consumer Acquisition and Engagement

Our financial performance depends on the expenses we incur to attract and retain consumers and the revenues we then generate with the customers. To continue to grow our business profitably, we need to acquire and retain customers in an efficient manner and of high quality. We acquire customers through our brand marketing and performance marketing efforts. To measure the effectiveness of our marketing spend, we analyze CAC and LTV.

Customer Acquisition Cost. We define CAC as all of our online marketing expenses, excluding software costs, which we attribute to acquiring new customers in a given year, divided by the number of customers who placed their first order in the relevant year. These costs accounted for approximately 78% of our total marketing expense in fiscal 2023 as we exclude public relations and creative production costs, as well as marketing expense attributable to retaining existing customers when evaluating CAC. We manage CAC methodically, continually using customer data to optimize our global customer acquisition strategy.

Starting in fiscal 2017, we introduced a proprietary marketing attribution system focused on customer journeys across media channels. We additionally began utilizing data analytics and algorithms to optimize our paid marketing efforts and bidding strategies to acquire customers whom we believe will deliver high lifetime values. Collectively, these efforts have resulted in historically declining and now stable CAC, despite a strong growth of our active customer base.

Lifetime Value. We define LTV as the cumulative contribution profit attributable to a particular customer cohort, which we define as all of our customers who made their initial purchase between July 1 and June 30 in a given cohort year. We define contribution profit as gross profit less shipping, packaging, fulfillment (including personnel), payment expenses and the portion of marketing expenses attributable to retaining existing customers. We measure the profitability of new customer acquisition by comparing the LTV of a particular customer cohort with the CAC attributable to such cohort. Our lifetime value has increased over time as our customers who stay on our platform spend more over time. This is evidenced by the growth in our net sales per active customer by cohort demonstrated below.

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Net Sales per Active Customer

The fiscal 2016 cohort’s LTV has increased over time as a result of repeat purchases and increased spend by retained customers. This results in a 3.6 times payback of our original cost to acquire this customer, demonstrating our marketing efficiency and profitable model. The following chart illustrates the efficiency of our customer acquisitions, as well as the profitability associated with retaining customers.

To illustrate the recent effectiveness and consistency of our marketing efforts, the following chart compares the LTV to CAC ratio for the fiscal year 2016 customer cohort and their buying behavior over time. The relative consistency illustrates the repeatability of our model as we continue to grow.

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LTV/CAC by Customer Cohort Over Time

Customer Retention

Our success is impacted not only by efficient and profitable customer acquisition, but also by our ability to retain customers, encourage repeat purchases and grow our portion of wallet share over time. This is reflective of our ability to engage and retain our customers through our curated assortment and the improved convenience of our platform.

The increasing share of our net sales from existing customers reflects our customer loyalty and the net sales retention behavior we see in our cohorts. We define cohort net sales retention as net sales attributable to a given customer cohort divided by the total net sales attributable to the same customer cohort from the prior fiscal year. We retained approximately 82% of net sales from prior year cohorts in fiscal 2023.

Additionally, in fiscal 2023 we retained greater than 100% of the net sales from 2021 cohorts and prior. This cohort behavior demonstrates our ability to not only retain customers, but to also increase active customers’ spend on our platform as our loyal customers place orders more frequently at increasing average order values.

Net Sales by Cohort

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Luxury Brand Partners

Our business model relies on providing our customers access to a curated assortment of top luxury brands. We believe our longstanding relationships with top luxury fashion brands represent a competitive advantage. We employ a rigorous framework and deep buying expertise, informed by customer data, to meticulously buy and curate an exclusive assortment on our website. As we grow, we strive to maintain our exclusive relationships while forming new relationships with up and coming brands to the extent there is customer demand for such brands. However, if we are unsuccessful in maintaining these relationships or developing new relationships, our business and results of operations may be adversely affected.

Growth of Online Luxury

According to the 2022 Bain Study, the online penetration of luxury personal goods is expected to increase from 22% to 30% from 2021 to 2025. The growth in online will be driven by online platforms taking share from traditional retailers, driven by consumer preference for online shopping and the ease afforded by multibrand sites. In response to the shift online, the luxury market is innovating and evolving with new niche collections and customization options. Mytheresa has a long history of being at the forefront of this dialogue experimenting with brand partners through relevant brand collaborations and exclusive product offerings. However, if we fail to capture the future online spending shift with relevant product or if our competitors engage in promotional activity over multiple seasons, our customer growth may decelerate and our results of operations may be adversely affected. The global luxury market, inclusive of luxury apparel, accessories, beauty and hard goods, is expected to accelerate further reaching €530-570 billion by 2030, more than double its size in 2020, according to Bain & Company's Luxury Goods Worldwide Market Monitor (Spring 2023) (the "2023 Bain Study").

Growth in Men’s, Kidswear and Life

In 2019 we launched Mytheresa Kids, and in January 2020, we launched Mytheresa Men to expand our curated offering to these large and underserved categories. We believe there is a lack of curated online multi-brand offerings in both categories which we can capture through our differentiated value proposition. We have built out full buying, marketing and merchandising teams, leveraged our brand relationships and are supporting these categories with exclusive capsules, experiences and content. We believe we can curate and assort collections for men, as we have done with women’s, expanding our value proposition to these new categories. We launched the new category Life in May 2022, extending Mytheresa’s renowned multi-brand shopping approach into all aspects of luxury lifestyle. Life presents the most elevated selection of home décor and other lifestyle products, further deepening the relationship with our high value customers that have a passion for luxury design in their wardrobes as well as their homes. Being the only curated luxury online platform to combine womenswear, menswear, kidswear and now lifestyle products, makes us a truly unique and engaging destination for luxury shoppers.

Inventory Management

We utilize our customer data and collaborate with brand partners to assort a highly relevant assortment of products for our customers. The expertise of our buyers and our data help us gauge demand and product architecture to optimize our inventory position. Through analyzing customer feedback and real-time customer purchase behavior, we are able to efficiently predict demand, sizing and colorways beyond the insights of our buyers. This minimizes our portfolio risk and increases our sell-through. As we scale, our buying process will be further enhanced through the growth in our global data repository and our ability to leverage data science as part of the buying process. Additionally, our investments in different facets of our inventory offering fluctuate alongside shifting consumer trends and the fundamental needs of our business.

Investment in our Operations and Infrastructure

As we enhance our offering and grow our customer base, we will incur additional expenses. Our future investments in operations, like our investments in the new warehouse in Leipzig, and infrastructure will be informed by our understanding of global luxury trends and the needs of our platform. As we continue to scale, we will be required to support our online offering with additional personnel. We will invest capital in inventory, fulfillment capabilities, and logistics infrastructure as we drive efficiencies in our business, localize our offering, enter new categories and partner with new brands. We will also actively monitor our fulfillment capacity needs, investing in capacity and automation in a selective manner.

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Curated Platform Model (CPM)

CPM integrates Mytheresa Group with brand partners’ direct retail operations which provides access to highly desirable products at scale, improves capital efficiency and is accretive to top- and bottom-line. The products are selected by Mytheresa Group out of a much larger brand retail collection. Through the CPM, we are able to directly maintain the customer relationship and manage the fulfilment of the order up to the shipment to the end customer. Early season deliveries are aligned with retail channels. In addition, Mytheresa receives regular in-season replenishment of core as well as seasonal products. The product is delivered to the Mytheresa Group warehouse; however, the inventory is owned by the brand partner until it is delivered to a customer. Unsold merchandise will either be returned to the brand partner by the end of the season or carried forward for the new season. Mytheresa Group acts as an agent, with the CPM platform fees recorded as net sales.

Components of our Results of Operations

Net sales

consist of revenues earned from sales of clothing, bags, shoes, accessories, fine jewelry and other categories through our sites and our flagship retail store and our recently opened men´s store, as well as shipping revenue and delivery duties paid when applicable, net of promotional discounts and returns. The platform fees originating from the curated platform model are also included in our net sales. Revenue is generally recognized upon delivery to the end customer. Changes in our reported net sales are mainly driven by growth in the number of our active customers, changes in average order value, the total number of orders shipped and fees in relation to our curated platform model.

Cost of sales, exclusive of depreciation and amortization

includes the cost of merchandise sold, net of trade discounts, in addition to inventory write-offs and delivery costs of product from our brand partners. These costs fluctuate with changes in net sales and changes in inventory write-offs due to inventory aging. For CPM revenue, we do not incur cost of sales as the purchase price of the goods sold is borne by the CPM brand partner.

Gross profit

Gross profit is equal to our net sales reduced by cost of sales, exclusive of depreciation and amortization. Gross profit as a percentage of our net sales is referred to as gross profit margin.

Shipping and payment costs

consist primarily of shipping fees paid to our delivery providers, packaging costs, delivery duties paid for international sales and payment processing fees paid to third parties. Shipping and payment costs fluctuate based on the number of orders shipped and net sales. General increases are due to a higher share of international sales and a higher share of countries where the company bears all customs duties for the customer, for example in the USA.

Marketing expenses

primarily consist of online advertising costs aimed towards acquiring new customers, including fees paid to our advertising affiliates, marketing to existing customers, and other marketing costs, which include events productions, communication, and development of creative content. We expect marketing expenses to increase over time as a percentage of net sales, but to stay stable as a percentage of GMV in the medium term.

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Selling, general and administrative expenses

include personnel costs and other types of general and administrative expenses. Personnel costs, which constitute the largest percentage of selling, general and administrative expenses, include salaries, benefits, and other personnel-related costs for all departments within the Company, including fulfillment and marketing operations, creative content production, IT, buying, and general corporate functions. General and administrative expenses include IT expenses, rent expenses for leases not capitalized under IFRS 16, consulting services, insurance costs, Share-based compensation expenses as well as Other transaction-related, certain legal and other expenses. Although selling, general and administrative expenses will increase as we grow, we expect these expenses to slightly decrease as a percentage of net sales.

Depreciation and amortization

include the depreciation of property and equipment, including right-of-use assets capitalized under IFRS 16, leasehold improvements, and amortization of technology and other intangible assets.

Other expense (income), net

principally consists of gains or losses from foreign currency fluctuations, gains or losses on disposal of property, plant, and equipment and other miscellaneous expenses and income.

Finance income (cost), net

in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2023 consist of our finance costs relate to interest expense on our leases as well as on our Revolving Credit Facilities with Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft (“Commerzbank”) and UniCredit Bank AG (“UniCredit”) (together, our “Revolving Credit Facilities”). As of June 30, 2023, we had unused available credit lines of €60 million from our Revolving Credit Facilities.

For a discussion of (i) our results of operations, including selected segment information, for the year ended June 30, 2022, including a year-over-year comparison between fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, and (ii) our liquidity and capital resources for the years ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, please refer to the section contained in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022, “Item 5: Operating and financial review and prospects.”

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Operating Results and Operating Metrics of the Group

The following table sets forth our results of operations for the periods presented. The period to period comparison of financial results is not necessarily indicative of future results.

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The following table sets forth each line item within the statement of profit as a percentage of net sales for each of the periods presented.

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Comparison of the Years Ended June 30, 2022 and 2023

Net sales

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Net sales increased from €689.8 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022 to €768.6 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The reason for the growth in net sales is primarily due to the fact that we were able to grow our active customers on the base of strong customer retention and with continuous efforts to win new customers and increase net sales per active customer. With this the focus has been on growing our top customer base and acquiring high potential customers. Nevertheless, the net sales growth for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 was also impacted by persistent inflation, uncertainties around interest rate increases, potential recession, economic growth and new uncertainties on the solidity of the financial sector in US and Europe which affected customer sentiment. The slower increase in net sales compared to our GMV growth is mostly due to the effect of brands transitioning from the wholesale model to the CPM. With this transition our reported net sales from these brands do not equal the GMV from these brands as before, but only the platform fee from these brands GMV. This effect is seen only in the first twelve months after a brand transitions from wholesale to CPM. Twelve months after a brand partner transitions from wholesale to CPM, net sales from the brand partner will again grow with the same rate as the GMV from the brand partner. The share of commission from CPM is below 10% of net sales.

Cost of sales, exclusive of depreciation and amortization

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Cost of sales, exclusive of depreciation and amortization for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 increased by €51.3 million, or 15.3%, compared to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2022. The increase during the periods presented resulted mostly from an increase in total orders shipped. For the last twelve months, our total orders shipped increased from 1.77 million to 2.01 million, or 14.0%. For fiscal year ended June 30, 2023, cost of sales, exclusive of depreciation and amortization as a percentage of net sales increased from 48.5% to 50.2% compared to the same period in 2022. Due to increased promotional activities of competitors, we had a lower full price share in relation to our sale share i.e. our share of products sold at full price was below our targeted level. For CPM, no cost of sales incurred given that the purchase price of the goods sold is borne by the brand partner.

Gross profit

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For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 gross profit was at €382.6 million, an increase of €27.6 million or 7.8% year-over-year. For that period the gross profit margin in relation to net sales decreased to 49.8% in the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 compared to the previous fiscal year with 51.5%. The decrease in gross profit margin was driven by macroeconomic-headwinds and significant promotional activities by competitors clearing out excess inventories. As a consequence, our full price share was lower than expected and put pressure on our gross profit margin. This was offset by an increasing share of revenues from CPM. For CPM, no cost of sales incurred given that the purchase price of the goods sold is borne by the brand partner. Gross profit in relation to GMV decreased by 280 BPs, due to the above mentioned promotional headwinds in the market.

Shipping and payment costs