Annual Report
falseFY000000000000http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#Revenueshttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#Revenues00000000http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax00http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#TradingLiabilitieshttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#TradingLiabilitieshttp://www.nomura.com/20230331#TradingSecuritiesAndFinancialInstrumentsOwnedPrincipalInvestmentsAtFairValuehttp://www.nomura.com/20230331#TradingSecuritiesAndFinancialInstrumentsOwnedPrincipalInvestmentsAtFairValueP1YP1YP1DP1D0000001163653http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNethttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNethttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#OperatingLeaseLiabilityhttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#LaborAndRelatedExpensehttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#LaborAndRelatedExpensehttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#LaborAndRelatedExpensehttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#Revenueshttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#OperatingLeaseLiabilityhttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#OperatingLeaseLiabilityhttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2022#RevenuesPrimarily includes an increase of ¥53,851 million of valuation allowances of certain foreign subsidiaries primarily due to an increase in operating loss carryforwards, and a reduction of ¥4,928 million of valuation allowances related to Japanese subsidiaries and the Company primarily due to a decrease of valuation allowances of Investments in subsidiaries and affiliates. In total, ¥48,923 million of allowances increased.Primarily includes an increase of ¥51,706 million of valuation allowances of certain foreign subsidiaries primarily due to an increase in operating loss carryforwards, and a reduction of ¥13,575 million of valuation allowances related to Japanese subsidiaries and the Company primarily due to a decrease of operating loss carryforwards. In total, ¥38,131 million of allowances increased.Primarily includes an increase of ¥48,883 million of valuation allowances of certain foreign subsidiaries primarily due to an increase in valuation allowances related to operating loss carryforwards, a reduction of ¥5,871 million of valuation allowances primarily due to an increase in valuation of financial instruments, and a reduction of ¥3,409 million of valuation allowances related to Japanese subsidiaries and the Company primarily due to an increase of valuation of financial instruments and a decrease of accrued pension and severance costs. In total, ¥39,603 million of allowances increased.Contract liabilities primarily rise from investment advisory services and are recognized over the term of the contract based on time elapsed. Certain reclassifications of previously reported amounts have been made to conform to the current period presentation.Includes equity securities held for other than trading or operating purposes. These investments comprise listed equity securities and unlisted equity securities of ¥13,572 million and ¥235,877 million respectively, as of March 31, 2022, and ¥13,174 million and ¥236,691 million respectively, as of March 31, 2023. These securities are generally carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized and reported within Revenue—Other in the consolidated statements of income. Also includes equity securities without a readily determinable fair value of ¥65,365 million as of March 31, 2022 and 2023 respectively.The U.K. Finance Act 2021, enacted on June 10, 2021, increases the headline U.K. corporation tax rate from 19% to 25% on April 1, 2023. Deferred tax assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date are calculated by reference to the most appropriate enacted rates as of March 31, 2022. As a result of the change in closing deferred tax rate, Nomura recognized a movement in Effect of changes in foreign tax laws of ¥36 billion (which decreased Nomura’s effective tax rate by 16.0%), which was offset by a movement in Changes in deferred tax valuation allowances of ¥36 billion (which increased Nomura’s effective tax rate by 16.0% ) during the year ended March 31, 2022.Includes a liability of ¥76,866 million and ¥42,459 million as of March 31, 2022 and 2023 respectively, in respect of outstanding and unsettled investigations, lawsuits and other legal proceedings where loss is considered probable and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. See Note 19 “Commitments, contingencies and guarantees” for further information.Includes trading balances of secured borrowings.Include all recognized balances irrespective of whether they are transacted under a master netting agreement or whether Nomura has obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability of the master netting agreement. Amounts include transactions carried at fair value through election of the fair value option. As of March 31, 2022, the gross balance of reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements which were not transacted under master netting agreements or are documented under master netting agreements for which Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability amounted to ¥793 billion and ¥2,453 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2022, the gross balance of securities borrowing transactions and securities lending transactions which were not transacted under master netting agreements or are documented under master netting agreements for which Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability amounted to ¥1,511 billion and ¥158 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the gross balance of reverse repurchase agreements and repurchase agreements which were not transacted under master netting agreements or are documented under master netting agreements for which Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability amounted to ¥883 billion and ¥2,394 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, the gross balance of securities borrowing transactions and securities lending transactions which were not transacted under master netting agreements or are documented under master netting agreements for which Nomura has not yet obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability amounted to ¥1,449 billion and ¥137 billion, respectively.See Note 12 “Employee benefit plans” for further information. See Note 2 “Fair value measurements” for further information.Derivatives which contain multiple types of risk are classified based on the primary risk type of the instrument. Includes gains and losses reported primarily within Net gain on trading, Gain on private equity and debt investments, and also within Gain (loss) on investments in equity securities, Revenue—Other and Non-interest expenses—Other, Interest and dividends and Interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. Includes gains and losses reported primarily within Net gain on trading, Gain on private equity and debt investments, and also within Gain (loss) on investments in equity securities, Revenue—Other and Non-interest expenses—Other, Interest and dividends and Interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. Represents the adjustments to initially apply Accounting Standards Update ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” for the year ended March 31, 2021.Amounts reported in Purchases / issues include increases in trading liabilities while Sales / redemptions include decreases in trading liabilities. Amounts of gains and losses on these transfers which were recognized in the period when the Transfers into Level 3 occurred were not significant for the years ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023. Transfers into Level 3 indicate certain valuation inputs of a financial instrument become unobservable or significant. Transfers out of Level 3 indicate certain valuation inputs of a financial instrument become observable or insignificant. See “Quantitative and qualitative information regarding significant unobservable valuation inputs” above for the valuation inputs of each financial instruments. The range in frequency with which Nomura is permitted to redeem investments. The contractual amount of any unfunded commitments Nomura is required to make to the entities in which the investment is held. Nomura has not provided weighted average information for derivatives as unlike cash products the risk on such products is distinct from the balance sheet value and is subject to netting.Weighted average information for non-derivatives is calculated by weighting each valuation input by the fair value of the financial instrument.Range information is provided in percentages, coefficients and multiples and represents the highest and lowest level significant unobservable valuation input used to value that type of financial instrument. A wide dispersion in the range does not necessarily reflect increased uncertainty or subjectivity in the valuation input and is typically just a consequence of the different characteristics of the financial instruments themselves.Valuation techniques and unobservable valuation inputs in respect of equity securities reported within Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.The range in notice period required to be provided before redemption is possible. The above table only considers the impact of an increase in each significant unobservable valuation input on the fair value measurement of the financial instrument. However, a decrease in the significant unobservable valuation input would have the opposite effect on the fair value measurement of the financial instrument. For example, if an increase in a significant unobservable valuation input would result in a lower fair value measurement, a decrease in the significant unobservable valuation input would result in a higher fair value measurement.The impact of an increase in the significant unobservable valuation input on the fair value measurement for a derivative assumes Nomura is long risk to the input e.g., long volatility. Where Nomura is short such risk, the impact of an increase would have a converse effect on the fair value measurement of the derivative.Includes gains and losses reported within Net gain on trading, Gain on private equity and debt investments, and also within Gain (loss) on investments in equity securities, Revenue—Other and Non-interest expenses—Other, Interest and dividends and Interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. Includes changes in unrealized gains and losses in Other comprehensive income (loss) for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period. They were ¥5 billion and ¥7 billion for the years ended March 31, 2022 and 2023. Derivatives which contain multiple types of risk are classified based on the primary risk type of the instrument. Derivatives which contain multiple types of risk are classified based on the primary risk type of the instrument. Represents the amount offset under counterparty netting of derivative assets and liabilities as well as cash collateral netting against net derivatives. Investments that are carried at fair value using NAV per share as a practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. As of March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023, the fair values of these investments which are included in Trading assets and private equity and debt investments were ¥45 billion and ¥47 billion, respectively. As of March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023, the fair values of these investments which are included in Other assets—Others were ¥3 billion and ¥3 billion, respectively. Includes equity investments that would have been accounted for under the equity method had Nomura not chosen to elect the fair value option.Private equity and debt investments include private non-traded financial instruments including minority private equity and venture capital equity investments and other junior debt investments such as mezzanine debt held for non-trading purposes, and post-IPO investments. These investments also include minority equity investments that would have been accounted for under the equity method had Nomura not chosen to elect the fair value option. Includes collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and asset-backed securities (“ABS”) such as those secured on credit card loans, auto loans and student loans. Includes loans and receivables for which the fair value option has been elected. Includes equity investments which comprise listed and unlisted equity securities held for operating purposes in the amounts of ¥101,503 million and ¥32,394 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2022 and ¥101,503 million and ¥32,394 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2023. Includes collateralized agreements or collateralized financing for which the fair value option has been elected. Includes structured notes for which the fair value option has been elected. Includes embedded derivatives bifurcated from issued structured notes. Structured notes are adjusted for fair value changes in corresponding embedded derivatives for presentation in the consolidated balance sheets Includes liabilities recognized from secured financing transactions that are accounted for as financings rather than sales. Nomura elected the fair value option for these liabilities. Includes financial instruments which are carried at fair value on a recurring basis. Includes gains and losses reported primarily within Revenue—Net gain on trading and Revenue—Other in the consolidated statements of income. Includes reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements. Includes loan commitments for which the fair value option has been elected. Carrying values are shown after deducting relevant allowances for credit losses. Includes deposits received at banks for which the fair value option has been elected. Includes embedded derivatives bifurcated from deposits received at banks. Deposits are adjusted for fair value changes in corresponding embedded derivatives for presentation in the consolidated balance sheets. Includes loans receivable and loan commitments carried at fair value through election of the fair value option.Relate to collateralized exposures where a specified ratio of LTV is maintained.Includes structured notes and other financial liabilities. Includes secured financing transactions arising from transfers of financial assets which did not meet the criteria for sales accounting. Includes unfunded written loan commitments. Includes loans of ¥57,524 million in connection with the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event. See Note 20 “Segment and geographic information” for further information on this event. Following default by a U.S. client in connection with the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event in March 2021, an additional provision for credit losses of ¥9,289 million was recognized during the year ended March 31, 2022.Closing balance recognized on March 31, 2020 as determined using legacy U.S. GAAP guidance in effect prior to the adoption of ASC 326.Includes amounts recognized against collateralized agreements, customer contract assets and receivables and other receivables.Following default by a U.S. client in connection with the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event in March 2021, a provision for credit losses of ¥41,561 million was recognized.Primarily includes the effect of recoveries collected and foreign exchange movements. Includes a reduction in the allowances for current expected credit losses of ¥2,535 million and ¥2,071 million in connection with the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event during the years ended March 31, 2022 and 2023.Includes ROU assets of ¥23,899 million and ¥23,311 million as of March 31, 2022 and 2023 respectively. Includes operating lease liabilities of ¥23,899 million and ¥23,311 million as of March 31, 2022 and 2023 respectively. The earliest year in which Nomura remains subject to examination for transfer pricing issues is the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017. The earliest year in which Nomura remains subject to examination for transfer pricing issues is the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016. The adjusted opening balance recognized on April 1, 2020 on adoption of the CECL impairment model under ASC 326.Includes ¥59,025 million of charge-offs in connection with the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event during the year ended March 31, 2023.Represents amounts offset through counterparty offsetting of derivative assets and liabilities as well as cash collateral offsetting against net derivatives under master netting and similar agreements for which Nomura has obtained sufficient evidence of enforceability in accordance with ASC 815. As of March 31, 2022, Nomura offset a total of ¥1,431 billion of cash collateral receivables against net derivative liabilities and ¥1,960 billion of cash collateral payables against net derivative assets. As of March 31, 2023, Nomura offset a total of ¥1,591 billion of cash collateral receivables against net derivative liabilities and ¥2,205 billion of cash collateral payables against net derivative assets. Carrying value amounts are shown on a gross basis prior to cash collateral or counterparty offsetting. Asset balances represent positive fair value amounts caused by tightening of credit spreads of underlyings since inception of the credit derivatives.Other includes credit derivatives where the credit rating of the underlying reference asset is below investment grade or where a credit rating is unavailable.Includes currency translation adjustments. Non-interest revenue and Non-interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2021 include losses of ¥245,749 million arising from the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event. The losses are reported within Net gain on trading in the amount of ¥(204,188) million and in Non-interest expenses—Other in the amount of ¥41,561 million in the consolidated statements of incomeNon-interest revenue and Non-interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2022 include losses of ¥65,362 million arising from the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event. The losses are reported within Net gain on trading in the amount of ¥(56,073) million and in Non-interest expenses—Other in the amount of ¥9,289 million in the consolidated statements of income.Non-interest revenue and Non-interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2023 include gains of ¥12,025 million, as the recoverable amount for a part of the claim related to the loss arising from the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event was reasonably estimated and collected. The gains are reported within Net gain on trading in the amount of ¥9,954 million and in Non-interest expenses—Other in the amount of ¥(2,071) million in the consolidated statements of income.Non-interest revenue and Non-interest expense for the year ended March 31, 2022 include gains of ¥14,696 million, as the recoverable amount for a part of the claim related to the loss arising from the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event was reasonably estimated. The gains are reported within Net gain on trading in the amount of ¥12,161 million and in Non-interest expenses—Other in the amount of ¥(2,535) million in the consolidated statements of income.There is no revenue derived from transactions with a single major external customer. Includes losses arising from the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event. Includes gains from the estimated recoverable amounts and collected amounts for a part of the claim related to the loss arising from the U.S. Prime Brokerage Event.Includes an impairment loss of ¥47,661 million recognized in respect of Nomura’s investment in Nomura Real Estate holdings, Inc. during the year ended March 31, 2021. Based on the period and extent to which the share price of the investee (and therefore its estimated fair value) was below the carrying value of the investment, Nomura determined the impairment was other-than-temporary and an impairment loss was recognized through earnings. The loss was reported within Non-interest expenses—Other in the consolidated statements of income.Income before income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2022 includes a loss of approximately ¥62.0 billion related to legacy transactions in the U.S. from before the global financial crisis (2007 – 2008) that was recognized including legal expenses as well as certain transactions intended to mitigate future losses.Loss before income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2021 includes a gain of ¥ 71,075 million which represents the difference between the fair value of the assets acquired and the carrying value of the assets transferred by Nomura as a result of the rights conversion of the Tokyo Nihonbashi district redevelopment project.Includes the impact of Nomura’s own creditworthiness.Income before income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2022 includes a gain of approximately ¥79.0 billion from the partial sale of Nomura’s investment in the ordinary shares of Nomura Research Institute, Ltd.Income before income taxes for the year ended March 31, 2023 includes a gain of approximately ¥28.0 billion from the sale of Nomura Research Institute, Ltd. ordinary shares.Includes CLOs and ABS such as those secured on credit card loans, auto loans and student loans.Non-trading debt securities are primarily Japanese municipal securities issued by prefectures or ordinance-designated city. Investments in and advances to affiliated companies comprise shares in Nomura Research Institute, Ltd. Cost, accumulated depreciation and net carrying amounts include amounts relating to real estate utilized by Nomura.Other than above, there were ¥331 billion and ¥324 billion of government, agency and municipal securities reported within Other assets—Non-trading debt securities in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively. These securities are primarily Japanese government, agency and municipal securities.Includes secured borrowings of ¥761,620 million and ¥742,267 million as of March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023 respectively.Credit derivatives are disclosed in Note 3 “Derivative instruments and hedging activities” and are excluded from above.Derivative contracts primarily consist of equity, interest rate and foreign exchange contracts.Primarily related to a certain sponsored repo program where Nomura guarantees to a third party clearing house in relation to its clients’ payment obligations. Our credit exposures under this guarantee is minimized by obtaining collateral from clients at amount approximately the maximum potential payout under the guarantee.Includes secured borrowings of ¥92,580 million and ¥97,481 million as of March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023 respectively.Includes secured borrowings of ¥79,843 million and ¥84,999 million as of March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023 respectively.Tax benefit recognized on the outside basis differences for investment in subsidiaries and affiliates during the year ended March 31, 2021 of approximately ¥21 billion (which decreased Nomura’s effective tax rate by 9.1%) arises from the recognition of deferred tax assets from the decision and commitment of Nomura management to liquidate a certain wholly-owned subsidiary within Nomura in the foreseeable future. The valuation allowances of ¥3 billion have been recognized against these deferred tax assets, the impact of which are reported in Changes in deferred tax valuation allowances for the same period.Consideration of the interrelationships between significant unobservable valuation inputs is only relevant where more than one unobservable valuation input is used to determine the fair value measurement of the financial instrument.Equity in earnings of equity-method investees is reported within Revenue-Other in the consolidated statements of income.Includes JSCC’s Clearing Fund.Amounts presented on gross basis, before the application of counterparty offsetting are included in Trading liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023. 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