STANDARD PREMIUM FINANCE HOLDINGS, INC. [SPFX] Filings

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

______________________________

FORM 10-K

______________________________

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File No. 000-56243

_____________________________

Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

13590 SW 134th Avenue, Suite 214, Miami, FL 33186

(Address of principal executive offices) (zip code)

305-232-2752

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, $.001 par value per share

(Title of Class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐   No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (S. 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act: 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☒    

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

The aggregate market value of the Registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant on June 30, 2023, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was approximately $7,315,839 based upon the closing bid price of the Company’s stock on that date. For this purpose, executive officers and directors of the registrant are considered affiliates.  

2,905,016 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding as of March 15, 2024.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

None.

STANDARD PREMIUM FINANCE HOLDINGS, INC.

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties. These statements may relate to, but are not limited to, information or assumptions about us, our capital and other expenditures, dividends, financing plans, capital structure, cash flow, our potential future business acquisitions, future economic performance, operating income and management’s plans, strategies, goals and objectives for future operations and growth. These forward-looking statements generally are accompanied by words such as “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “should,” “seek,” “project,” “plan,” “would,” “could,” “can,” “may,” and similar terms. Any statement that is not a historical fact is a forward-looking statement. It should be understood that these forward-looking statements are necessarily estimates reflecting the best judgment of senior management, not guarantees of future performance. They are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements described in Part I. “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Annual Report. The Company assumes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by law.

Forward-looking statements represent intentions, plans, expectations, assumptions and beliefs about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors. Many of those factors are outside of our control and could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements.

Each of the terms the “Company” and “Standard Premium” as used herein refers collectively to Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated.

Overview

We were incorporated in the State of Florida in 1991 under the name Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation. In 2016 we established a holding company structure under the name Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc., a Florida corporation, with Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation as our wholly-owned subsidiary. Unless the context requires otherwise or unless stated otherwise, references in this registration statement to the “Company,” “Standard Premium,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation, on a consolidated basis.

We are a specialized finance company that makes collateralized loans to businesses and individuals to finance the insurance premiums they pay on their commercial property and casualty insurance policies. We began our business in 1991 and currently operate in seventeen states. We have developed relationships with insurance agents and brokers located in our market area who offer insurance premium loans as a service to their customers which we underwrite. We evaluate each insurance premium loan application according to our loan underwriting criteria. Upon our approval of an insurance premium loan, the borrower makes a down payment, generally 20% to 25% of the annual premium on the financed insurance policy, and we provide the balance of the annual premium required to purchase the policy. The borrower pays us a fixed monthly amount over the next nine to ten months. In the event the borrower defaults in its loan payment obligation, we are contractually authorized to terminate the insurance policy and receive the amount of the unearned premium paid on the insurance policy. The unearned premium on the insurance policy represents the portion of the insurance premium subject to return if the policy is cancelled before the full term of the policy is completed. The unearned premium serves as the collateral for our insurance premium loans and are designed to fully pay off the balance of the insurance premium loan in the event of a default. We have the contractual right to cancel the insurance policy and receive the amount of the unearned premium if the borrower defaults on repayment of any loan payment to us. Because of this collateral security feature of our insurance premium loans, we consider our loans to be of high quality and low risk. Standard Premium commenced operations in 1991 for the specific purpose of providing financing for property and casualty insurance premiums. Standard Premium:

The Property and Casualty Insurance Premium Finance Market

Commercial insurance performs a critical role in the world economy. Without it, the economy could not function. Insurers essentially protect the economic system from failure by assuming the risks inherent in the production of goods and services. All businesses share a need for insurance: Without the right insurance coverage, each could be wiped out by a disaster or a lawsuit. The Insurance Information Institute reported that $287.1 billion of commercial lines insurance premiums were generated in the U.S. in 2018.

The insurance premium finance industry began in Pennsylvania in 1933 and has grown along with the U.S. economy. It is estimated that approximately 15% of the $250 billion U.S. commercial property and casualty premiums were financed in 2015, generating $40 billion of insurance premium finance loans.

There are several reasons that an insurance policy buyer would choose to finance its insurance premiums. Financing an insurance premium is much like any other commercial or consumer purchase. It is financed based on the insured’s decision resulting from current economic trends and other considerations. For some customers, insurance premium financing is a convenient way to buy insurance without tying up working capital or accessing other credit sources. Other customers, who do not have the means to pay the premium in full at the time of purchase, consider premium financing a necessity. When customers finance insurance policies, they enter into a contract with the insurance premium finance company to obtain a loan. The contract assigns the borrower’s rights to all unearned premiums and dividends on the policy to the insurance premium finance company and appoints the insurance premium finance company as its ‘attorney in fact.’ The power of attorney signed by the borrower gives the insurance premium finance company the right to cancel the insurance policy in the event of non-payment of a loan installment and to receive all unearned premiums and credits from the insurance company. The customer, upon executing the premium financing loan contract, makes the initial down payment and agrees to pay back the principal with interest in monthly payments. The unearned premium of the insurance policy provides the collateral for each loan.

Our Loan Referral Base

The bulk of our insurance premium loans are originated through insurance agents and brokers who recommend our insurance premium loan program to their clients who would like to finance their insurance premiums. We currently market our loans through more than 850 independent insurance brokers and agents located in thirty-one states, although most of our loans are made in nine (9) states. For risk management purposes, we have a policy of limiting the amount of loans to the customers of any one insurance broker or agent to 5% of our outstanding loan portfolio. We may change this policy at any time based on then-existing market conditions or otherwise, at the discretion of our CEO.

Our website includes a portal for our brokers and agents, which allows them to quote premiums, print drafts on our bank account to pay the balance of the insurance premium due upon initiation of the premium finance loan, and finance agreements online. The drafts and agreements are forwarded to us for loan underwriting, risk management and approval. Our brokers and agents do not have the authority to bind us to making a loan.

We compensate the insurance brokers and agents for their loan origination service through commissions which are authorized and regulated by the states in which we do business. The commission paid is generally tied to the gross revenue that the loan generates. For example, rates are determined by the size of the loan, and, to a certain degree, the rating of the insurance company as well as the creditworthiness of the borrower. Further, the higher the interest rate the loan generates, the higher the commission to the broker. In addition, the Company offers a rewards program (where permitted by State Law) for our insurance brokers and agents. Under the rewards program, points are earned based on amount of financed premiums. These points are then redeemable for travel and merchandise. The rewards program is equivalent to 1/10^th of one percent (.001) of the amount financed and is in addition to payment of commissions.

We do not have any exclusive or long-term arrangements with the insurance agents and brokers that make up our referral base and they have other sources of premium financing at their disposal. We have no contractual relationship with the insurance agents and brokers requiring them to recommend us to their clients. However, in connection with each premium loan we make, the borrower’s agent or broker:

In the property and casualty insurance industry, some insurance policies contain provisions for audits or other additional reporting. These provisions may allow the insurance company to evaluate (audit) the insurance premium after cancellation. Such provisions may delay or reduce the amount of unearned premium. Since the unearned premium represents the collateral in our loan, this would have a detrimental effect on us. It is Company policy to avoid financing these types of policies.

Employees

As of December 31, 2023, we had twenty-seven employees, six of whom were full-time employees. Our full-time employees are covered by a corporate benefit plan for major medical and hospitalization. None of our employees are members of a labor union or subject to a collective bargaining agreement. All of our employees are “at will” with no guaranteed period of employment. We believe our employee relations are satisfactory.

Our Insurance Premium Loans

Our insurance premium finance loans are typically provided to small- and medium-sized businesses to finance the purchase of commercial property and casualty insurance policies with a one-year term. Insurance premium loans are generally in the range of $1,000 to $50,000 per loan. The customer typically pays 25% of the annual policy premium at the initiation of coverage and we provide the balance of the premium at that time. Our loans generally have a nine to ten month term. The purpose of this is two-fold; first, by making the financing term shorter than the policy term, a small “surplus” of collected funds is developed that helps ensure that the balance due is paid off by refund of the unearned premium in case of cancellation, and second, it gives the insured a two to three-month break in payments before the policy term expires and the process repeats for the renewal of the policy.

Insurance premiums are earned by the insurance company over the term of the policy. If the policy is terminated prior to completion of the term, a refund of the unearned portion of the policy premium is made. If the policy was financed, the refund of unearned premiums goes to the insurance premium finance lender with any amount received by the lender in excess of the amount owed by the borrower being refunded to the borrower.

The following table illustrates the “surplus” between the unearned premium and the loan balance based on a typical annual premium of $10,000 with a $2,500 (25%) deposit paid by the borrower at the inception of the loan. In this scenario, the insurance premium finance company advances $7,500 and the borrower repays the loan in 10 monthly payments of $750. Note that interest is excluded in this example to highlight the collateral on the principal balance.

Although this is a typical representation of a loan in our portfolio, we may be undercollateralized depending on certain factors, including, but not limited to, lower down payments, minimum earned premiums, fully-earned fees and taxes, governmental filings, audit provisions, longer payment terms, and other competitive factors. See Item 1A, Risk Factors, for more information about our loan risks.

We had $63,602,075 and $51,525,950 in premium finance loans outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, we had 17,662 active premium finance loans in nine states. The following is a summary of our premium loan portfolio as of December 31, 2023:

As of December 31, 2022, we had 16,248 active premium finance loans in nine states. The following is a summary of our premium loan portfolio as of December 31, 2022:

Credit Quality Information

The following table presents credit-related information at the “class” level in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification Topic (“ASC”) 310-10-50, Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Finance Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses. A class is generally a disaggregation of a portfolio segment. In determining the classes, the Company considered the finance receivable characteristics and methods it applies in monitoring and assessing credit risk and performance.

The following table summarizes finance receivables by the risk ratings that regulatory agencies utilize to classify credit exposure, and which are consistent with indicators the Company monitors. Risk ratings are reviewed on a regular basis and are adjusted as necessary for updated information affecting the borrowers’ ability to fulfill their obligations.

We analyze and rate our receivables based on the amount of unearned premium (i.e. collateral) on a loan based on a “worst case” cancellation date. Loans that would be undercollateralized as of this hypothetical cancellation are deemed to be Special Mention loans. The Company monitors the amount at which Special Mention receivables are undercollateralized. The Company strategically balances its exposure to undercollateralized loans, while staying competitive in the markets it serves.

The definitions of these ratings are as follows:

As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company considered $200,506 and $231,943, respectively, of lacking collateral as adequate for the level of risk associated with these loans while staying competitive within the industry. Management does not believe any of its receivables would be considered Classified. Our Finance Receivables by risk rating:

The Company regularly monitors each contract for payment status, sending late notices and cancelling contracts at the earliest permissible date allowed by the statutory cancellation regulations. In maintaining a proper allowance for credit losses, the Company monitors past due accounts and scrutinizes older receivables, generally over 120 days. However, in this industry, even though accounts may be highly aged and appear stale, they are still collectible. Unearned premiums on cancelled accounts may be held at insurance companies for varying periods, though they are still highly collectible. The Company protects its collateral by cancelling policies at the earliest permissible date. The Company regularly contacts the insurance companies to ensure collectability. The Company manages its allowance conservatively ensuring an allowance balance that encompasses uncollectible accounts. In the following table, the Company defines “Non-performing loans without a specific reserve” as loans due from the insurance provider over 120 days. All other loans are considered “Performing loans evaluated collectively.” At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no loans with deteriorated credit quality.

Finance Receivables – Method of impairment calculation:

Revenue Recognition

Finance charges on insurance premium installment contracts are initially recorded as unearned interest and are credited to income monthly over the term of the finance agreement. An initial service fee, where permissible, and the first month’s interest, on a pro rata basis, are recognized as income at the inception of a contract. The initial service fee can only be charged once to an insured in a twelve-month period. In accordance with industry practice, finance charges are recognized as income using the “Rule of 78s” method of amortizing finance charge income, which does not materially differ from the interest method of amortizing finance charge income on short term receivables. Late charges are recognized as income when charged. Maximum late fee charges are mandated by state regulations. The Company charges late fees at the earliest permissible date based on the late fee regulations of the state in which the loan originated. Furthermore, the Company charges the maximum permissible late fee based on the state in which the loan originated. Unearned interest is netted against Premium Finance Contracts and Related Receivables on the balance sheet for reporting purposes.

Debt Summary and Sources of Liquidity

Below is a summary of some of our debt and sources of liquidity. The discussion below does not discuss all of our debt. Please see the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” as well as our financial statements and the notes to those financial statements contained elsewhere in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for additional information about debt and sources of liquidity.

Line of Credit

On February 3, 2021, the Company entered into an exclusive twenty-four month loan agreement with First Horizon Bank (“FHB”), our senior lender, for a revolving line of credit in the amount of $35,000,000, which was immediately funded for $25,974,695 to pay off the prior line of credit with another lender. On this date, the prior line of credit was fully repaid and terminated. The Company recorded $180,350 of loan origination costs. In October 2021, the Company increased its line of credit with First Horizon Bank from $35,000,000 to $45,000,000. The Company recorded $25,771 of line of credit costs related to the credit increase. In November 2022, the Company extended the maturity on its line of credit agreement with FHB until November 30, 2025. This extension also changed the Index Rate of the line of credit from 30-Day Libor to 30-Day Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) in anticipation of the phase-out of Libor on June 30, 2023. The Company recorded $117,228 of line of credit costs related to this extension.

At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the advance rate was 85% of the aggregate unpaid balance of the Company’s eligible accounts receivable. The line of credit is secured by all Company assets and is personally guaranteed by our CEO and two directors of the Company. The line of credit bears interest at 30-Day SOFR plus 2.55-2.96% per annum (8.09% and 6.87% at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively). The terms of the Line of Credit agreement provide for a minimum interest of 3.35% when the 30-day SOFR falls below 0.50%. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the amount of principal outstanding on the line of credit was $42,377,736 and $32,821,347, respectively, and is reported on the consolidated balance sheet net of $3,021 and $107,722, respectively, of unamortized loan origination fees. Interest expense on this line of credit for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 totaled approximately $3,023,000 and $1,554,000, respectively. The Company recorded amortized loan origination fee for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 of $104,701 and $70,198, respectively. The Company had availability on this line of credit of $2,662,264 as of December 31, 2023.

The Company’s agreement with FHB contains certain financial covenants and restrictions. Under these restrictions, all the Company’s assets are pledged to secure the line of credit, the Company must maintain certain financial ratios such as an adjusted tangible net worth ratio, interest coverage ratio and senior leverage ratio. The loan agreement also provides for certain covenants such as audited financial statements, notice of change of control, budget, permission for any new debt, copy of filings with regulatory bodies, and minimum balances. On November 14, 2023, the Company executed an amendment of the loan agreement, which provided a waiver of default on its Interest Coverage Ratio as of September 30, 2023. The amendment also reduced the Minimum Interest Coverage Ratio for the following four quarters through September 30, 2024. Management believes it was in compliance with the applicable debt covenants as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Promissory Notes to Unrelated Parties

These are notes payable to individuals. The notes have interest payable monthly, ranging from 6% to 8% per annum and are unsecured and subordinated. The principal is due on various dates through March 31, 2028. The notes roll-over at periods from one to four years on maturity unless the note holder requests repayment through written instructions within ninety days prior to the expiration date. Notes totaling $1,243,021 and $2,441,523 were rolled over during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Interest expense on these notes totaled approximately $496,000 and $507,000 during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company received proceeds on these notes of $350,212 and $575,511 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company repaid principal on these notes of $771,576 and $288,400 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In April 2022, the Company exchanged $250,000 of these notes for 25,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $10.00 per share. There were no gains or losses on this exchange.

Promissory Notes to Stockholders and Related Parties

These are notes payable to stockholders and related parties. The notes have interest payable monthly of 8% per annum and are unsecured and subordinated. The principal is due on various dates through March 31, 2028. The notes roll-over at periods from one to four years on maturity unless the note holder requests repayment through written instructions within ninety days prior to the expiration date. Notes totaling $587,000 and $862,000 were rolled over during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Interest expense on these notes totaled approximately $154,000 and $156,000 during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company received proceeds on these notes of $190,000 and $35,000 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company repaid principal on these notes of $27,000 and $181,302 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In January 2022, the Company exchanged $20,000 of these notes payable for 2,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock at a price of $10.00 per share. There were no gains or losses on this exchange.

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 600,000 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $.001 par value. As of both December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were 166,000 shares of Series A convertible preferred stock issued and outstanding for $10.00 per share.

In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of preferred stock shall be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of any of the assets of the Company to the holders of common stock, an amount equal to $10 for each share of preferred stock, plus all unpaid dividends that have been accrued, accumulated or declared. As of December 31, 2023, the total liquidation preference on the preferred stock is $1,689,050. The Company may redeem the preferred stock from the holders at any time following the second anniversary of the closing of the original purchase of the preferred stock. The Series A Convertible Preferred Stock can be converted to common stock at 80% of the prevailing market price over the previous 30-day period at the option of the Company.

Holders of preferred stock are entitled to receive preferential cumulative dividends, only if declared by the board of directors, at a rate of 7% per annum per share of the liquidation preference amount of $10 per share. December 31, 2022 dividends in arrears were declared and paid in January 2023. March 31, 2023 dividends in arrears were declared and paid in April 2023. June 30, 2023 dividends in arrears were declared and paid in July 2023. September 30, 2023 dividends in arrears were declared and paid in October 2023. December 31, 2023 dividends in arrears were declared and paid in January 2024. As of January 2024, all dividends in arrears had been declared and paid.

Our Customers

The majority of our customers are small- to medium-sized businesses seeking property and casualty insurance through local independent insurance agents. We currently operate in thirty-one states where the premium finance laws are favorable to making insurance premium finance loans. Premiums on these commercial insurance policies are written on a semi-annual or annual basis exclusively and insurance premium finance loans are repaid over a maximum of four and ten consecutive monthly payments, respectively. Substantially all of our loans are written for a nine- to ten-month term with the balance written for a six-month term. Premiums on these financed policies typically range between $1,000 to $50,000.  At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we have 17,662 and 16,248 premium finance loans outstanding, respectively. The types of policies we finance vary. They are most often motor truck cargo, physical damage and liability, commercial auto, commercial general liability, commercial package policies, professional liability, and commercial property. Most of the policies we finance are written through local independent insurance agents. The insurance companies they represent generally do not provide premium payment plans.

Competition

Our industry is highly competitive with three types of competitors. Fifteen of our largest competitors are national premium finance firms primarily owned by commercial banks, which write over 50% of all premium finance loans. A second type of competitor is comprised of regional premium finance companies owned by entrepreneurs. Our remaining competitors are smaller, local companies many of which are affiliated with insurance agencies. There is low barrier to entry into the business as regulations do not require passing any tests or having substantial capital. A prime requirement for success in the industry is access to low-cost capital as profits are substantially related to the spread between the cost of capital and interest earned on premium finance loans. Because of the secure nature of insurance premium finance loans, our industry is intensely competitive:

Marketing

The servicing of loans for policy premiums of $1,000 to $50,000 can be time consuming and require responsive customer service, but competition in this segment is less intense. Our customers generally do not have an insurance expert on staff, and they rely of their brokers or agents to recommend insurance premium finance companies. Our referral base has access to multiple alternate insurance premium finance sources operating in the national, regional and local level. We believe we compete against our competitors primarily on the quality of our technology, which allows our agents and brokers to receive a quick response to a loan application and the quality of the personalized servicing of our loans which we provide. We believe that we are successful because our technology and customer service helps our referral sources achieve their own customer satisfaction and retention. We have a website for our customers and agents at www.standardpremium.com. We have six employees who act as our marketing representatives in the field. They call on our broker and agent base and seek new brokers and agents to represent us to their clients. Our main marketing activities are the establishment and maintenance of relationships with our loan referral sources. We do not market or advertise our loan services directly to the parties receiving our loans but rather depend upon insurance agents and brokers to advise their clients who wish to finance their premiums about our insurance premium loan program.

Regulation

In most states, insurance premium finance companies are regulated by the Insurance Departments or Offices of Insurance Regulation in which they operate. Each state has specific laws regulating items such as interest rates, late charges, loan terms, forms, audit provisions, cancellation requirements among others. In addition, each state has the ability to audit each finance company and requires annual reports to be submitted. The following chart illustrates the relevant rules and regulations for states in which we operate as of December 31, 2023.

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk and is subject to many uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties may adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. In order to attain an appreciation for these risks and uncertainties, you should read this Annual Report in its entirety and consider all of the information and advisements contained herein, including the following risk factors and uncertainties. If any of the following risks occur, our business, operating results and financial condition could be seriously harmed, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

We depend on the availability of significant amounts of credit to meet our liquidity needs and our failure to maintain our sources of credit could materially and adversely affect our liquidity in the future. 

Our business model is dependent upon our ability to borrow to maintain and grow our ability to lend money to our customers. On February 3, 2021 we entered into a new two-year line of credit in the maximum amount of $35 million, which was immediately funded for $25,974,695 to pay off the prior line of credit lender. In October 2021, the line of credit facility was increased by $10 million to a total of $45 million. In November 2022, the term of the line of credit was extended until November 30, 2025. If we fail to renew or replace our line of credit at the expiration of the current term, or we default on our line of credit, then our ability to continue our lending business at current levels and meet our other obligations, would be materially adversely affected. Since the amount of money we can borrow on our revolving credit line is based on a percentage of our entire loan portfolio less certain ineligible items, our other corporate debt (i.e., subordinated and un-subordinated debt) plus our retained earnings and stockholder equity alone may limit our ability to increase the size of our loan portfolio.

If our growth requires us to raise additional capital, that capital may not be available when it is needed, or the cost of that capital may be very high.

As we grow, organically and through possible acquisitions, the amount of capital required to support our operations grows as well. We may need to raise additional capital to support continued growth both organically and through possible acquisitions. Any equity capital we obtain may result in the dilution of the interests of existing holders of our common stock. Our ability to raise additional capital, if needed, will depend on conditions in the capital markets at that time which are outside our control and on our financial condition and performance. If we cannot raise additional capital when needed, or on terms acceptable to us, our ability to expand our operations through organic growth and possible acquisitions could be materially impaired and our financial condition and liquidity could be materially and negatively affected.

Our reliance on third party insurance agents and brokers to originate our premium finance loans may result in increased exposure to credit risk and fraud.

Our premium finance loans are issued primarily through relationships with a large number of unaffiliated insurance agents and brokers. As a result, risk management and general supervisory oversight may be difficult since we have little direct contact with the borrowers and such loans may also be more susceptible to third party fraud. In certain cases, insurance agents and brokers may be funded directly on behalf of the insurance company and/or its affiliates. If the agent or broker fails to remit these funds accordingly, or fails to provide an underlying insurance policy, there may be little or no collateral. Acts of fraud are difficult to detect and deter, and we cannot assure investors that our risk management procedures and controls will prevent losses from fraudulent activity.

If our allowance for credit losses is not sufficient to absorb losses that may occur in our loan portfolio, our financial condition and liquidity could suffer.

        We maintain an allowance for credit losses that is intended to absorb credit losses that we expect to incur in our loan portfolio. At each balance sheet date, our management determines the amount of the allowance for credit losses based on our estimate of probable and reasonably estimable losses in our loan portfolio, taking into account probable losses that have been identified relating to specific borrowing relationships, as well as probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio and credit undertakings that are not specifically identified. Because our allowance for credit losses represents an estimate of inherent losses, there is no certainty that it will be adequate over time to cover credit losses in the loan portfolio, particularly if there is deterioration in general economic or market conditions or events that adversely affect specific customers. Although we believe our credit loss allowance is adequate to absorb reasonably estimable losses in our loan portfolio, if our estimates are inaccurate and our actual loan losses exceed the amount that is anticipated, or if the loss assumptions we used in calculating our reserves are significantly different from those we actually experience, our financial condition and liquidity could be materially adversely affected.

Failures of our information technology systems may adversely affect our operations.

We are increasingly dependent upon computer and other information technology systems to manage our business. We rely upon information technology systems to process, record, monitor and disseminate information about our operations. In some cases, we depend on third parties to provide or maintain these systems. While we perform a review of controls instituted by our critical vendors in accordance with industry standards, we must rely on the continued maintenance of these controls by the outside party, including safeguards over the security of customer data. Additionally, we must rely on our employees to safeguard access to our information technology systems and avoid inadvertent complicity with external security threats. Although we take protective measures and endeavor to modify them as circumstances warrant, the security of our computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to breaches, unauthorized access, misuse, computer viruses or other malicious code and cyberattacks that could have a security impact. If one or more of these events occur, or if any of our financial, accounting or other data processing systems fail or have other significant shortcomings, this could jeopardize our or our customers’ confidential and other information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks or otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations or the operations of our customers or counterparties. We may be required to expend significant additional resources to modify our protective measures or to investigate and remediate vulnerabilities or other exposures, and we may be subject to litigation and financial losses that are either not insured against or not fully covered through any insurance maintained by us. Security breaches in our online systems could also have an adverse effect on our reputation. Our systems may also be affected by events that are beyond our control, which may include, for example, electrical or telecommunications outages or other damage to our property or assets. Although we take precautions against malfunctions and security breaches, we cannot assure that such efforts will be adequate to prevent problems that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we are unable to attract and retain experienced and qualified personnel, our ability to provide high quality service will be diminished, we may lose key customer relationships, and our results of operations may suffer.

We believe that our success depends, in part, on our ability to attract and retain experienced personnel, including our senior management and other key personnel. The departure of senior manager or other key personnel may damage relationships with certain customers, or certain customers may choose to follow such personnel to a competitor. The loss of any of our senior managers or other key personnel, or our inability to identify, recruit and retain such personnel, could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. All of our employees are “at will” with no fixed term of employment.

Our lack of contractual marketing relationships with our loan referral base could adversely affect our revenue, profits and financial condition.

We do not have contractual marketing arrangements with the insurance brokers and agents. Since we depend upon the insurance brokers and agents to refer their customers to us for premium loans, our premium loan volume could decline if our referral base decided to refer their clients to other sources of premium loans.

Since our business is concentrated in Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas, declines in the economy of these states could adversely affect our business.

Our success depends primarily on the general economic conditions of the specific local markets in which we operate. We provide premium finance loans to customers primarily in the states of Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Texas. The local economic conditions in these market states significantly impact the demand for our premium finance loans as well as the ability of our customers to repay loans. Declines in economic conditions, including inflation, recession, unemployment, changes in securities markets or other factors impacting these local markets, including natural disasters, hurricanes, and pandemics, could, in turn, have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Competition in the insurance premium finance industry is intense, and some of our competitors have greater financial, technological and other resources than we currently possess. If we are not able to compete effectively, we may lose market share and our business could suffer.

We face intense competition from other insurance premium finance firms. Many competing companies have longer operating histories, greater access to capital, lower cost of capital, more lending experience, greater name recognition, larger staffs and substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we currently possess. The superior resources that some of these competitors have available could allow them to compete successfully against us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and prospects.

We face competition in financing insurance premiums throughout our market area. Our competitors include national, regional and other community banks, and a wide range of other financial institutions such as credit unions, insurance companies, factoring companies and other non-bank financial companies. Many of these competitors have access to cheaper capital, substantially greater resources and market presence than Standard and, as a result of their size, may be able to offer a broader range of products at better prices.

If we fail to establish and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting, our operating results and our ability to operate our business could be harmed.

Ensuring that we have adequate internal financial and accounting controls and procedures in place so that we can produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis is a costly and time-consuming effort that needs to be re-evaluated frequently. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

In addition, we are required to be compliant with public company internal control requirements mandated under Section 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We are implementing measures designed to improve our internal controls over financial reporting, including the hiring of accounting personnel and establishing new accounting and financial reporting procedures to establish an appropriate level of internal controls over financial reporting. However, we cannot provide assurances that we will be successful in doing so. If we are unable to successfully implement internal controls over financial reporting, the accuracy and timing of our financial reporting, and our stock price, may be adversely affected and we may be unable to maintain compliance with the applicable stock exchange listing requirements.

Implementing any appropriate changes to our internal controls may distract our officers and employees, entail substantial costs to modify existing processes and take significant time to complete. These changes may not, however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our internal controls, and any failure to maintain that adequacy, or consequent inability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase operating costs and harm the business.

We do not anticipate that we will pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.

The current expectation is that for the foreseeable future, we will retain our future earnings to fund the development and growth of our business. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock will be the sole source of gain, if any, for any stockholders for the foreseeable future.

Our common stock began trading on the OTCQX on March 21, 2022 and there is no assurance that an active market will develop or be maintained.

Our common stock commenced trading on the OTCQX Best Market under the symbol SPFX on March 21, 2022. We cannot assure that an active trading market for our shares will develop or be maintained. In the absence of an active trading market for our common stock, stockholders may not be able to sell their shares at the time that they would like to sell and may have to hold their shares indefinitely.

We may not realize the anticipated benefits of any acquisitions that we are able to complete.

Part of our business strategy is to grow through potential acquisitions in order to achieve economies of scale. Acquisitions involve a number of risks, including:

We may not be able to make future acquisitions without obtaining additional financing.

To finance any acquisitions, Standard may, from time to time, issue additional equity securities or incur additional debt. A greater amount of debt or additional equity financing could be required to the extent that its common stock fails to achieve or to maintain a market value sufficient to warrant its use in future acquisitions, or to the extent that acquisition targets are unwilling to accept common stock in exchange for their businesses. Furthermore, the Company would require bank approval of any additional debt or equity financing. Even if Standard were permitted to incur additional debt or determine to sell equity, management may not be able to obtain additional required capital on acceptable terms, if at all, which would limit its plans for growth. In addition, any capital they may be able to raise could result in increased leverage on its balance sheet, additional interest and financing expense, and decreased operating income.

Compliance with securities laws.

The Company’s common stock, preferred stock and promissory notes were sold to investors pursuant to exemptions under the Securities Act of 1933 with respect to transactions involving limited offers and sales without registration. If the Company should fail to comply with each and every one of the requirements of the available exemptions from registration, the investors may have the right to rescind their purchase of shares if they so desire. Compliance is highly technical. There is always the possibility that if any investor or investors should obtain rescission of their investments, the Company may be required to repurchase the securities. In addition, failure to comply with any of the requirements for exemption under state securities laws could occasion the same results as a failure to comply with the above-mentioned federal rule exemptions.

We depend on the accuracy and completeness of information we receive about our customers and counterparties to make credit decisions. Reliance on inaccurate or misleading information may adversely affect our business, operations, and financial condition.

We rely on information furnished by or on behalf of customers and counterparties in deciding whether to extend credit or enter into other transactions. This information could include financial statements, credit reports, and other financial information. We also rely on representations of those customers, counterparties, or other third parties, such as independent auditors, as to the accuracy and completeness of that information. Reliance on inaccurate or misleading financial statements, credit reports, or other financial information could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Certain protective provisions of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock may prevent us from entering into certain transactions, issuing certain securities or making changes in the rights, preferences, privileges, qualifications, limitations or restrictions of, or applicable to, the Series A Preferred Stock which may be beneficial to the holders of our common stock.

Our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock has certain protective provisions as set forth in Item 11 herein which may prevent us from engaging in transactions, including mergers and acquisitions, or taking other actions which alter the provisions of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock or issuing other equity securities which may have rights senior to or on parity with the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, or increasing the amount of authorized Series A Convertible Preferred Stock even if such matters were beneficial to the holders of our common stock.

We may cause the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to be converted into common stock which may reduce the price of our common stock.

We may increase the number of outstanding shares of our common stock by causing the conversion of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock into common stock. Issuance of additional shares of our common stock my cause a reduction in the market price of the shares of our common stock.

Particular Risks Associated with the Specialized Insurance Premium Services Industry

Our premium finance business may involve a higher risk of delinquency or collection than other lending operations and could expose us to losses.

We provide financing for the payment of commercial insurance premiums through our subsidiary Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation. Commercial insurance premium finance loans involve a unique, and possibly higher, risk of delinquency or collection than other types of loans. These are initiated primarily through relationships with unaffiliated independent insurance agents. As a result, risk management is critical and may be difficult. Roughly one third of all new borrowers fail to make all of their payments. In such an event, we request cancellation of the insurance policy and anticipate a refund from the insurance company and the agent. Under ideal conditions the down payment made by the insured should create sufficient equity to pay off our loan in the event of a cancellation. However, as a consequence of competitive market conditions, we may have accepted a down payment that did not fully cover our loan. If, after the unearned premium on a cancelled policy is fully refunded, there is still an outstanding balance, the insured must be billed directly. The cost of pursuing these funds often exceeds the amount collected and most often results in write-offs by the Company. Many commercial loans have underwriting provisions that may affect our collateral. Such instances may include but are not limited to fully earned policy fees or inspection fees, audit provisions, state reporting requirements, and cancellation limitations. Such circumstances could greatly reduce the unearned premium in the event of cancellation. Since we depend on the unearned premium for collateral, we could experience greater write-offs and thus, increased risk.

A Decline in the Economy in General May Result in a Decrease in Loan Originations.

Declines in the economy generally could have an adverse impact on our operating results by reducing the number of businesses purchasing insurance. Further, those who are currently financing their policies may have more difficulty making their payments, thus raising our default rates.

Increases in the Secured Overnight Financing Rate may reduce the profitability of our loans.

The rate at which we lend money is set by the state. However, our revolving line of credit, which comprises our senior debt, is based, in part, on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). When the SOFR rate goes up, the interest we pay on our line of credit increases while our interest income continues to be based on the interest rate established at the initiation of each premium finance loan. Thus, with each increase, the spread between the interest we earn and the interest we pay narrows, reducing our net interest income.

Changes in Insurance Law may adversely affect our business.

Our industry is subject to laws, rules, and regulations as established by the states in which we operate. Any changes in such laws, rules, and regulations could be detrimental to the premium finance industry, thus having a negative effect on our operating income.

Aggressive Marketing by our Competitors may adversely affect our business.

There may be changes in the insurance market such as aggressive marketing by other premium finance companies or the emergence of new premium finance companies. Many insurance companies offer payment plans in house or through affiliates. This practice could increase. Such an event would reduce the market share of all independent premium finance companies and would have a negative effect on our company.

Insurance Company Insolvency may cause us losses.

Insurance companies, although closely regulated by the various states, can also fail. When an insurance company fails, we may have significant exposure. Such an event would put us at considerable risk. Although most insurance companies are covered through a guarantee fund, there may be a lengthy delay in recovering these funds, and all funds due us may not be recovered. Such an event would have a negative effect on cash flow. In the event of insurance company failure of a carrier not covered under such guarantee fund, our exposure will be much greater. There are rating services that evaluate the financial condition and stability of insurance companies. We use these to help us lower our risks. However, conditions for any insurance company can change rapidly and the rating services we use may not give us sufficient warning of any changes. In such an event, our risk factor could be increased.

We may experience cash flow problems due to delays in receiving proceeds from our bank loan or premium finance loan documentation.

We issue drafts on our bank account to fund new premium finance loans. These Drafts clear our bank on a daily basis. To meet this funding need, we draw funds on our revolving credit line with our senior lender on a regular basis. Should the senior lender be unable to fund us in a timely fashion, we would have difficulty in funding these drafts. Failure on our part to cover all or part of these drafts could result in cancellation or non-issuance of an insurance policy for which we may be liable. Further, if drafts fail to clear our bank it may jeopardize our relationships with insurance agents and insurance companies, adversely affecting our ability to conduct business in the future. Insurance agents that do business with our Company have the authority to issue drafts on our bank account to pay a portion of the insured’s premium upon initiation of the premium finance loan. We review these drafts daily to make certain they are all paid to and cashed by proper parties. Improper items can be returned to the bank and will not be honored. Under normal circumstances, we receive the finance agreement before the draft is presented to our bank. Frequently however, the draft is presented to our bank before we receive the finance agreement. Since we cannot draw on our revolving credit line without first presenting the loan agreement, this may cause a cash flow problem for us. Such an event temporarily causes us to, in effect use funds for which no loans have been secured. Such an event can reduce our profitability and increase risk to the Company. In the event that a draft has not been cashed for an undue period of time, we may have a liability for the draft, and the insured may have no coverage.

Business Interruption from natural disasters, including hurricanes and pandemics.

In the event of a natural disaster or other occurrence beyond our control, we may be unable to conduct our normal course of business that could cause temporary or permanent harm to the Company due to loss of customers, increased defaults on our premium finance loans or interruptions to our operations.

Insurance Company Concentration

To reduce our exposure, we try to limit the amount of financing we do for any one insurance company. In fact, the senior lender providing our revolving credit line has placed certain limits on the percentage of our business that can be financed with any one insurance company. Although we endeavor to keep our concentration within the limits authorized by our senior lender, this is not always possible. Market conditions may cause fluctuations in our concentration, creating a disproportionate exposure with one or several insurance companies. Such an event could increase our risks.

Our dependance on Insurance Agents may expose us to losses.

We are continually adding new insurance agents to our customer base. Each new agent is screened by us to verify that he or she is licensed and is in good standing with state authorities. In addition, we attempt to gather as much information as possible to assist us in evaluating prospective customers. The risk of doing business with a new agent is significantly greater than that of doing business with an agent with whom we have established a business history.

Liability Arising from Wrongful Cancellation of an Insurance Policy

Through the normal course of business, we cancel many insurance policies for non-payment. If, in the event we cancel an insurance policy in error, we could be deemed liable for claims that would normally be paid by the insurance carrier. Such claims, and resultant damages could be significant. Although we carry professional liability insurance to cover such instances, certain provisions could prevent us from recovering all or part of our claim.

None.

Risk Management and Strategy

Cybersecurity risk management is an essential part of our overall risk management strategy. We have established policies and processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risk from cybersecurity threats, and have integrated these processes into our overall risk management systems and processes. We routinely assess material risks from cybersecurity threats, including any potential unauthorized occurrence on or conducted through our information systems that may result in adverse effects on the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our information systems or any information residing therein.

We conduct periodic risk assessments to identify cybersecurity threats, as well as assessments in the event of a material change in our business practices that may affect information systems that are vulnerable to such cybersecurity threats. These risk assessments include identification of reasonably foreseeable internal and external risks, the likelihood and potential damage that could result from such risks, and the sufficiency of existing policies, procedures, systems, and safeguards in place to manage such risks.

Following these risk assessments, we redesign, implement, and maintain reasonable safeguards to minimize identified risks; reasonably address any identified gaps in existing safeguards; and regularly monitor the effectiveness of our safeguards. Primary responsibility for assessing, monitoring, and managing our cybersecurity risks rests with our Vice President of Technology who reports to our Chief Executive Officer, to manage the risk assessment and mitigation process.

As part of our overall risk management system, we monitor and test our safeguards and train our employees on these safeguards, in collaboration with IT and management. All personnel are made aware of our cybersecurity policies through trainings.

We engage third parties in connection with our risk assessment processes. These service providers assist us in designing and implementing our cybersecurity policies and procedures, as well as to monitor and test our safeguards. We require each third-party service provider to certify that it has the ability to implement and maintain appropriate security measures, consistent with all applicable laws, to implement and maintain reasonable security measures in connection with their work with us, and to promptly report any suspected breach of its security measures that may affect our company.

We have not encountered cybersecurity challenges that have materially impaired our operations or financial standing. For additional information regarding risks from cybersecurity threats, please refer to Item 1A. Risk Factors in this annual report on Form 10-K.

Governance

One of the key functions of our board of directors is informed oversight of our risk management process, including risks from cybersecurity threats. Our board of directors is responsible for monitoring and assessing strategic risk exposure, and our executive officers are responsible for the day-to-day management of the material risks we face. Our board of directors administers its cybersecurity risk oversight function directly as a whole, as well as through the audit committee.

Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are primarily responsible to assess and manage our material risks from cybersecurity threats with assistance from the Vice President of Technology and third-party service providers.

Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer oversee our cybersecurity policies and processes, including those described in “Risk Management and Strategy” above. The cybersecurity risk management program includes tools and activities to prevent, detect, and analyze current and emerging cybersecurity threats, and plans and strategies to address threats and incidents.

Our Chief Executive Officer and Vice President of Technology provide periodic briefings to the Board of Directors regarding our company’s cybersecurity risks and activities, including any recent cybersecurity incidents and related responses, cybersecurity systems testing, and activities of third parties.

The corporate headquarters of the Company are located at 13590 SW 134^th Avenue, Suite 214, Miami, Florida 33186. We lease our general office space at this location. In February 2024, the Company renewed this lease until February 28, 2027, including the one-year renewal option. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate for our operations and their locations allow us to efficiently serve our customers.

None.

Not applicable.

PART II

Market Information

Our common stock is traded on the OTCQX under the symbol SPFX. Quotes on the OTCQX represent inter-dealer prices which do not include retail mark-ups, mark-downs, or commissions, and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

Holders

As of March 15, 2024, we had 67 holders of record of our common stock and 2,905,016 shares of common stock outstanding.

Dividends

We did not declare or pay dividends on our common stock in either fiscal year 2023 or 2022. The terms of our current line of credit agreement prohibit us from paying dividends on our common stock without consent of the lender. The Company anticipates that, for the foreseeable future, it will retain any earnings for use in the operations of its business.

Not required.

Overview

We are an insurance premium financing company, specializing primarily in commercial policies. We make it efficient for companies to access financing for insurance premiums. Enabled by our network of marketing representatives and relationships with insurance agents, we provide a value-driven, customer-focused lending service.

We have offered premium financing since 1991 through our wholly owned subsidiary, Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation. We are generally targeting premium financing loans from $1,000 to $50,000, with repayment terms ranging from 6 to 10 months, although we may offer larger loans in cases we deem appropriate. Qualified customers may have multiple financings with us concurrently, which we believe provides opportunities for repeat business, as well as increased value to our customers.

We originate loans primarily in Florida, although we operate in several states. Over the past three years, the Company has expanded its operations, and currently is financing insurance premiums in Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia. Throughout 2023, we have obtained licenses in fourteen additional states. We intend to continue to expand our market into new states as part of our organic growth trend. Loans are originated primarily through a network of insurance agents solicited by our in-house sales team and marketing representatives.

We generate the majority of our revenue through interest income and the associated fees earned from our loan products. We earn interest based on the “rule of 78” and earn other associated fees as applicable to each loan. These fees include, but are not limited to, a one-time finance charge, late fees, and NSF fees. Our company charges interest to its customers solely by the Rule of 78. Charging interest per the Rule of 78 is the industry standard among premium finance loans. The Rule of 78 is a method to calculate the amount of principal and interest paid by each payment on a loan with equal monthly payments. The Rule of 78 is a permissible method of calculating interest in the states in which we operate. The Rule of 78 recognizes greater amounts of interest income and lesser amounts of principal repayment during the first months of the loan, while decreasing interest income and increasing principal repayment during the final months of the loan. Whenever a loan is repaid prior to full maturity, the Rule of 78 methodology is applied and the borrower is refunded accordingly.

We rely on a diversified set of funding sources for the loans we make to our customers. Our primary source of financing has historically been a line of credit at a bank collateralized by our loan receivables and our other assets. We receive additional funding from unsecured subordinate noteholders that pays monthly interest to the investors. We have also used proceeds from operating cash flow to fund loans in the past and continue to finance a portion of our outstanding loans with these funds. See Liquidity and Capital Resources for additional information regarding our financing strategy.

The Company’s main source of funding is its line of credit, which represented approximately 68% ($42,374,715) of its capital and total liabilities as of December 31, 2023. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s subordinated notes payable and PPP loan represented approximately 15% ($9,077,481) of the Company’s capital and total liabilities, operating liabilities provide approximately 7% ($4,526,345) of the Company’s capital and total liabilities, preferred equity provides approximately 3% ($1,660,000) of the Company’s capital and total liabilities, and equity in retained earnings and common paid-in capital represents the remaining 7% ($4,736,844) of the Company’s capital and total liabilities.

Key Financial and Operating Metrics

We regularly monitor a series of metrics in order to measure our current performance and project our future performance. These metrics aid us in developing and refining our growth strategies and making strategic decisions.

 Gross Revenue

Gross Revenue represents the sum of interest and finance income, associated fees and other revenue.

Originations

Originations represent the total principal amount of Loans made during the period.

Interest Earned Rate

The Interest Earned Rate is the average annual percentage interest rate earned on new loans.

Cost of Funds Rate, Gross

Cost of Funds Rate, Gross is calculated as interest expense divided by average debt outstanding for the period.

Cost of Funds Rate, Net

Cost of Funds Rate, Net is calculated as interest expense divided by average debt outstanding for the period, net of the interest related tax benefit.

Reserve Ratio

Reserve Ratio is our allowance for credit losses at the end of the period divided by the total amount of principal outstanding on Loans at the end of the period. It excludes net deferred origination costs and associated fees.

Provision Rate

Provision Rate equals the provision for credit losses for the period divided by originations for the period. Because we reserve for probable credit losses inherent in the portfolio upon origination, this rate is significantly impacted by the expectation of credit losses for the period’s originations volume. This rate is also impacted by changes in loss expectations for contract receivables originated prior to the commencement of the period.

Return on Assets

Return on Assets is calculated as annualized net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the period divided by average total assets for the period.

Return on Equity

Return on Equity is calculated as annualized net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders for the period divided by average stockholders’ equity attributable to common stockholders for the period.

RESULTS of OPERATIONS

Results of Operations for the Year ended December 31, 2023 Compared to the Year ended December 31. 2022

Revenue

Revenue increased by 19.2% overall or $1,566,473 to $9,723,010 for the year ended December 31, 2023 from $8,156,537 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in revenue was due to a 22.6% or $1,528,025 increase in finance charges, a 2.8% or $28,987 increase in revenue from late charges, and a 2.6% or $9,461 increase in origination charges. Revenue from finance charges comprised 85.2% of overall revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023.

During the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022, the company financed an additional $15,331,015 in new loan originations. This increase was due largely to increased marketing efforts throughout our established states. The Company hired two additional marketing representatives in the fourth quarter of 2023. The Company also noted a 343 increase in the quantity of loan originations to 23,627 new loans for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to 23,284 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The quantity of loan originations is directly correlated to the increase in origination charge revenue, as the Company immediately recognizes an origination fee on substantially all new loans.

Under the terms of the line of credit agreement, the loan receivables and our other assets provide the collateral for the loan. As the receivables increase, driven by new sales, the company has greater borrowing power, giving it the opportunity to generate additional sales. In February 2021, the Company executed a $35,000,000 line of credit with our current lender, terminating the previous line of credit. In October 2021, the Company further increased its borrowing power on its line of credit to $45,000,000, an increase of $10,000,000. In November 2022, the Company extended the maturity of this line of credit until November 30, 2025. The additional availability on our line of credit was an essential driver to our increased financed amount of new loan originations during the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. See Future Cash Requirements for the Company’s strategy regarding its line of credit.

Expenses

Expenses increased by 26.1% or $1,865,901 to $9,010,117 for the year ended December 31, 2023 from $7,144,216 for the year ended December 31, 2022.

The increase in expenses was primarily due to increases in the following categories:

These increases in expenses were partially offset by decreases in the following category:

Income before Taxes

Income before taxes decreased by $299,428 to $712,893 for the year ended December 31, 2023 from $1,012,321 for the year ended December 31, 2022. This decrease was attributable to the net increases and decreases as discussed above.

Income Tax Provision

Income tax provision decreased $25,699 to $180,491 for the year ended December 31, 2023 from $206,190 for the year ended December 31, 2022. This decrease was primarily attributable to the decrease in taxable income.

Net Income

Net income decreased by $273,729 to $532,402 for the year ended December 31, 2023 from $806,131 for the year ended December 31, 2022. This decrease was attributable to the $299,428 decrease in income before taxes, partially offset by the $25,699 decrease in the provision for income taxes.

LIQUIDITY and CAPITAL RESOURCES as of December 31, 2023

We had $45,239 cash and a working capital surplus of $11,664,538 at December 31, 2023. A significant working capital surplus is generally expected through the normal course of business due primarily to the difference between the balance in loan receivables and the related line of credit liability. As discussed in the Revenues section, the Company’s line of credit is currently the primary source of operating funds. In February 2021, the Company entered into a contract with a new lender, First Horizon Bank, for a two-year $35,000,000 line of credit. In October 2021, the Company further increased its borrowing power on its line of credit to $45,000,000, an increase of $10,000,000. In November 2022, the Company extended the maturity of this line of credit until November 30, 2025 and replaced the benchmark rate of the loan from 30-day LIBOR to 30-day SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate). LIBOR ceased to be published after June 30, 2023. The terms of the amended line of credit include an interest rate based on the 30-day SOFR rate plus an applicable margin of 2.55% - 2.96%, with a minimum rate of 3.35%. The applicable margin is based on the Company’s ratio of total liabilities to tangible net worth. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s applicable margin was 2.96%. On November 14, 2023, the Company executed an amendment of the loan agreement, which provided a waiver of default on its Interest Coverage Ratio as of September 30, 2023. The amendment also reduced the Minimum Interest Coverage Ratio for the following four quarters through September 30, 2024. We anticipate that the interest rate we pay on our revolving credit agreement may rise due to the recently adopted benchmark interest rate increases by the Federal Reserve Board. We believe that we will be able to pass along a portion of the interest rate increase on loans funded after the interest rate increase so that material effects to our net interest spread can be mitigated. Furthermore, because of the short-term nature of our loans, we are not bound to any particular loan and its fixed interest rate for a long period of time. Based on our estimates and taking into account the risks and uncertainties of our plans, we believe that we will have adequate liquidity to finance and operate our business and repay our obligations as they become due in the next 12 months.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company raised an additional $190,000 in subordinated notes payable – related parties and $350,212 in subordinated notes payable. The Company repaid $27,000 of notes payable – related parties and $771,576 of notes payable. The Company utilizes its inflows from subordinated debt as a financing source before drawing additionally from the line of credit.

Future Cash Requirements

As the Company anticipates its growth patterns to continue, the larger line of credit is paramount to fueling this growth. The Company’s line of credit is $45,000,000 and its maturity on its line of credit facility is November 30, 2025. The extended maturity provides stability for the Company’s future cash requirements.

Uses of Liquidity and Capital Resources

We require cash to fund our operating expenses and working capital requirements, including costs associated with our premium finance loans, capital expenditures, debt repayments, acquisitions (if any), pursuing market expansion, supporting sales and marketing activities, and other general corporate purposes. While we believe we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources to fund our operations and repay our debt, we may elect to pursue additional financing activities such as refinancing or expanding existing debt or pursuing other debt or equity offerings to provide flexibility with our cash management and provide capital for potential acquisitions.

Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Contractual Obligations

As of December 31, 2023, the Company was contractually obligated as follows:

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

We consider the following to be our most critical accounting policy because it involves critical accounting estimates and a significant degree of management judgment:

Allowance for credit losses

We are subject to the risk of loss associated with our borrowers’ inability to fulfill their payment obligations, the risk that we will not collect sufficient unearned premium refunds on the cancelled policies on the defaulted loans to fully cover the unpaid loan principal and the risk that payments due us from insurance agents and brokers will not be paid.

The carrying amount of the Premium Finance Contracts (“Contracts”) is reduced by an allowance for credit losses that are maintained at a level which, in management’s judgment, is adequate to absorb losses inherent in the Contracts. The amount of the allowance is based upon management’s evaluation of the collectability of the Contracts, including the nature of the accounts, credit concentration, trends, and historical data, specific impaired Contracts, economic conditions, and other risks inherent in the Contracts. The allowance is increased by a provision for credit losses, which is charged to expense, and reduced by charge-offs, net of recovery.

In addition, additional scrutiny is placed on accounts over 120 days to determine whether specific allowances should be maintained. Individual contracts are written off against the allowance when collection of the individual contracts appears doubtful. The collectability of outstanding and cancelled contracts is generally secured by collateral in the form of the unearned premiums on the underlying policies and accordingly historical losses are approximately 1% to 1.5% of the principal amount of loans made each year. The Company considers historical losses as well as forward-looking attributes in determining the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. The collectability of amounts due from agents is determined by the financial strength of the agency.

Stock-Based Compensation

We account for stock-based compensation by measuring and recognizing as compensation expense the fair value of all share-based payment awards made to directors, executives, employees and consultants, including employee stock options related to our 2019 Equity Incentive Plan and stock warrants based on estimated grant date fair values. The determination of fair value involves a number of significant estimates. We use the Black Scholes option pricing model to estimate the value of employee stock options and stock warrants which requires a number of assumptions to determine the model inputs. These include the expected volatility of our stock and employee exercise behavior which are based expectations of future developments over the term of the option.

Not required.

See Item 15 – Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules of this filing.

None.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2023. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC. Based upon the evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at December 31, 2023 at the reasonable assurance level.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission on Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013 framework). Our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023 based on these criteria. This annual report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to section 404(c) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, that permits the Company, as a smaller reporting company, to provide only management’s report in this annual report.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2023 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

Insider Adoption or Termination of Trading Arrangements

During the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2023, none of our directors or officers informed us of the adoption, modification, or termination of a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as those terms are defined in Regulation S-K, Item 408.

Not applicable.

PART III

Directors and Executive Officers of Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc.

The following table sets forth the names, ages and titles of our executive officers and directors as of March 15, 2024.

Name Age Position

William Koppelmann 61 Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer

Brian Krogol 35 Chief Financial Officer, Director

Margaret Ruiz 62 Operations Manager, Secretary

Victor Galliano 59 Vice President of Marketing

Robert Mattucci 59 Vice President of Sales

Scott Howell, MD 59 Director

Mark E. Kutner, MD 64 Director

John C. Leavitt, DBA 61 Director

Christopher Perrucci, ESQ 63 Director

James Wall 78 Director

Carl C. Hoechner 62 Director

Director Tiers

The Company’s Bylaws establishes a tiered Board of Directors consisting of three tiers of directors, with each tier of directors serving three-year terms that will end in successive years at the annual meeting of stockholders.

Directors whose terms will expire at the 2024 annual meeting of stockholders:

Brian Krogol

James Wall

Directors whose terms will expire at the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders:

John Leavitt

Chirstopher Perrucci

Carl C. Hoechner

Directors whose terms will expire at the 2026 annual meeting of stockholders:

William Koppelmann

Mark Kutner, MD

Scott Howell, MD

Director and Executive Officer Biographies

William Koppelmann – Chairman, Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer.

William Koppelmann has been the Chairman and President of Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc., since its organization in May 2017, is a co-founder, and has been the President of Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation, since its inception in 1997. An entrepreneur with more than 30 years’ experience in the insurance premium finance industry, he is proficient in receivables management, capital-raising and debt restructuring. He currently oversees all aspects of the Company's operations. Mr. Koppelmann has served on the board of the Florida Premium Finance Association for more than 15 years. He is the immediate past president, serving in that capacity for three successive terms. Mr. Koppelmann attended Barry University and Miami Dade College, where he completed his Property and Casualty insurance Certification. He is a member of the Florida Association of Insurance Agents, Professional Insurance Agents Association, Latin American Insurance Association and Independent Insurance Agents of Dade County. William Koppelmann is Margaret Ruiz’s brother. The Board believes that Mr. Koppelmann provides essential insight and expertise concerning the business, operations and strategies of the Company that is needed for the Board’s oversight and decision-making responsibilities.

Brian Krogol –Director, Chief Financial Officer.

Brian Krogol has been our Chief Financial Officer since June 2021. Mr. Krogol joined Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc. as Vice President of Accounting in October 2019. Brian Krogol graduated from the Fisher School of Accounting at the University of Florida with a Master of Accounting (MAcc) in 2011. From 2011-2013, he worked as an auditor with Grant Thornton, an international organization of independent assurance, tax, and advisory firms, gaining audit experience with companies in the health care, manufacturing, distribution, hospitality, restaurant, and financial industries, as well as, experience on 10-Q, 10-K, SOX 404, benefit plan, and IPO engagements for SEC clients, as well as quarter- and year-end engagements for private clients reporting under US GAAP. Mr. Krogol gained recognition for earning the prestigious Elijah Watt Sells award in 2012 for his performance on the Certified Public Accountant examination. Of more than 92,000 candidates who sat for the examination in 2012, only thirty-nine candidates met the criteria for this award. On the tailwind of this award, from 2013-2019, Mr. Krogol operated a private tutoring business, primarily preparing students for the CPA exam, as well as college level accounting, finance, economics, and mathematics courses. During this period, from 2015 to 2018, Mr. Krogol joined Clutch Prep as Lead Business Instructor, designing and maintaining online curriculum, including recording instructional videos for undergraduate level accounting, finance, and economic courses. The board believes that Mr. Krogol provides essential insight into the Company’s financial affairs.

Margaret Ruiz – Operations Manager and Secretary.

Margaret Ruiz has been our Operations Manager and Secretary since 2017. Since August 2000, she has served as Operations Manager of Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation. Prior to joining Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation in August 2000, Margaret Ruiz gained nearly 20 years of commercial banking experience with SunTrust Bank from 1980 to 1997 and Office Manager at Professional Therapeutic Alternatives from 1997 to 2000. Her early career in Human Resources was spent in recruiting and employment matters. She was responsible for the nonexempt staffing for SunTrust’s 1500 employees. Ruiz is proficient in computer operations, having worked for three years in the bank’s data center, acting as liaison for branch personnel in all aspects of technical issues related to retail banking. Ms. Ruiz is an integral part of the Company’s management, in charge of the day to day operations and the supervision of 12 staff members. She oversees the customer service provided to more than 600 agents and agencies throughout the Southeast United States and Texas. Ms. Ruiz is involved in most aspects of audit requirements imposed by the Company’s lender and governing entities, ensuring compliance by administering strict internal control procedures. Most notable of Ms. Ruiz’s recent accomplishments is the successful overhaul of the operating system, converting over 20,000 customer records and implementing new procedures. Margaret Ruiz is William Koppelmann’s sister.

Robert Mattucci – Vice President of Sales

Robert Mattucci has been our Vice President of Sales since September 2019 overseeing sales throughout the nation. Originally hired as a marketing representative for the west coast of Florida in 2006, Mr. Mattucci was directly responsible for achieving a 300% growth in sales over a 3-year period in the region. His primary duties involve the recruitment and training of all new sales personnel. After being promoted to National Sales Manager in 2009, Mr. Mattucci developed sales operations in Dallas, Atlanta and Charlotte.

Victor Galliano – Vice President of Marketing

Victor Galliano has been the Vice President of Marketing for Holdings since September 2019 and works for SPFMC since 2008. Victor Galliano has over 25 years of sales experience working in the insurance premium finance industry. In January 2008, Mr. Galliano became regional sales manager for Standard Premium Finance and has been recognized as the lead sales representative every year thereafter. With his vision and efforts, he was able to expand sales statewide. In 2012, he was promoted to VP of Sales for Florida and was responsible for developing and implementing a statewide sales strategy that led to yearly organic growth. During this time, he also helped launch various national sales campaigns and trained junior sales staff members. In addition, Mr. Galliano earned an MBA, with a specialization in accounting, from St. Thomas University in 2001.

Scott Howell, MD – Director.

Dr. Scott Howell has served as a Company director since 2017. Dr. Howell is currently a practicing physician for more than 25 years. Dr. Howell is board certified in Family Practice, Preventative Medicine and Public Health and Addiction Medicine. Presently, Dr. Howell advises healthcare organizations with regulatory, product development, reimbursement and financial modeling for multiple healthcare organizations. Dr. Howell is the medical director at the AIDS Healthcare Foundation Chronic Care Special Needs Plan (C-SNP) since 2019 to the present. In 2018, Dr. Howell launched 11.2 Healthcare, Inc. a private healthcare finance consulting organization concentrating on managed care, medical devices and financing of developmental companies. From 2017 to 2018, Dr. Howell was the Chief Medical Officer at Advantmed, a healthcare analytics and delivery organization. From 2015 to 2017, Dr. Howell was an executive medical director for Heritage Development Organization, for which he participated in national expansion through joint ventures, mergers & acquisitions and by identifying enterprise-wide clinical solutions. From 2008 to 2015, Dr. Howell was the National Senior Medical Director and Chief Medical Officer for Network and Population Health at Optum Insight, responsible for risk adjustment, quality performance, networks, predictive modeling and clinical consulting, including as the Regional Chief Medical Officer (RCMO) for the Northeast Region of Americhoice, Inc. focusing on the Medicaid and Dual SNP populations. From 2000 to 2008, Dr. Howell was the Medical Director for Managed Care at the AIDS Healthcare Foundation, the first HIV SNP in the nation, and was responsible for international consulting in Russia, Ukraine, Guatemala, Honduras, and Haiti. During this period, Dr. Howell was the lead scientific advisor to Management Sciences for Health, the prime contractor for PEPFAR in Haiti. Dr. Howell has a Master’s in Economics from the University of Miami, a Master’s in Public Health and Tropical Medicine, (MPH&TM) from Tulane University, and a Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) from California State University Fresno. Dr. Howell is currently retired from the Air Force after 25 years of service with the rank of Colonel. His last assignment was with the Office of Secretary of Defense (OSD) at the Department of Defense Inspector General (DoDIG) in Special Plans and Operations (SPO). The Board believes that Dr. Howell extensive experience in management and consulting brings to the Board and management perspective on dealing with governmental regulations and growth of its business.

Mark E. Kutner, MD – Director.

Dr. Mark E. Kutner has been a Director of Holdings since its foundation in 2017. Dr. Mark E. Kutner is a practicing physician who maintains a primary care clinical practice in Miami, Florida, which he began in 1998, and a clinical trials practice begun in 1988. Dr. Kutner is a co-founder and presently the Chairman of the Board of Directors of PrimeHealth Physicians, the largest independent primary care practice in South Florida. Dr. Kutner was the founder and is presently Chief Medical Officer of Suncoast Research Group, a clinical trials company since 1994, which has been engaged in phases, 2, 3 and 4 clinical trials for many of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world and smaller biotech firms who are constantly developing cutting edge medical technologies. He served on the Board of Directors of Orange ACO, a rapidly growing Medicare ACO from 2015-2018. Dr. Kutner is also the founder and first Medical Director of the sleep laboratory at Baptist Hospital of Miami. He is presently the chairman and founding member of Physicians Health Alliance, a value-based management services organization affiliated with United Healthcare. Dr. Kutner is also a co-founder and Board member of two Florida property casualty companies, America Traditions, and Modern USA Property Casualty. Other business interests have included a chain of Costa Rican pharmacies, Farmacia Express, which introduced the country to a toll-free telephone number for the order and delivery of prescriptions to the home, and Colombian sleep labs. Dr. Kutner attended CCNY School of Biomedical Education and graduated from SUNY Stony Brook with a Medical Doctor degree. He completed a residency in Internal Medicine at Northwestern University, and a fellowship at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, as well as a fellowship at Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health in Environmental Health Sciences. He has been board certified in Critical Care Medicine, Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Medicine. He is affiliated with insurance companies, physicians’ groups, ACOs, hospital groups, and private equity planning the future of healthcare in Florida. The Board believes that Dr. Kutner’s experience as a founder, executive and director of a variety of private companies brings valuable experience to the Board in matters such as organizational structure, corporate strategy, operational performance measurement and improvement and governance.

John C. Leavitt, DBA – Director.

John C. Leavitt has served as a Company director since 2017. Mr. Leavitt is a Certified Project Management Professional (“PMP”) as well as Program Management (“PgMP”) with more than 25 years of management, technical and engineering experience in Government DOD, DOS, and NASA IT and Communications systems such as SATCOM, Commercial RF Systems and telecommunications. Mr. Leavitt is currently employed with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), since July 2016, and is responsible for ensuring desktop computer and communication systems are meeting mission requirements and configured for launch support under the Office of Chief Information Office within NASA. Previous assignments include IT Architect for the Commercial Crew Program helping to launch American Astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS). He has managed multiple complex high-profile projects using PMI-methods and NASA Best practices. As a consultant Mr. Leavitt has assisted in writing proposals and white papers for customers on large Government and commercial companies such as American Access Technologies, ASRC Aerospace, MASTEC, SAIC and Yang Engineering. Mr. Leavitt has been a speaker for project management conferences across the US. Mr. Leavitt graduated magna cum laude with his Bachelors of Science in Engineering Technologies (BS-EET) from the University of Central Florida, earning his MBA from Keller Graduate School of Management, and Doctorate in Business Administration (DBA) specializing in Information Systems Management at Walden University. The Board believes that Mr. Leavitt’s experience in project management and government contracting assists the Board and management in strategic planning and managing for growth.

Christopher Perrucci, Esq, - Director.

Christopher Perrucci has served as a Company director since 2017. Mr. Perrucci has been a licensed attorney in Ohio since 1985 and has over 33 years of legal and business experience focused on contracts, information systems and services, and business management. Currently, Mr. Perrucci engages in the following principal occupations and organizations: C R Perrucci Co., LPA, Law Firm as a Managing Attorney since 2015; SOI Online, LLC, Online Information Company as the President/CEO since 2015 and Max Technologies, LLC, Probation/Parole Monitoring as the President/CEO since 2015. In 2002, Mr. Perrucci founded SOI Online, which provides a retail online service for criminal background checks, OnlineCriminalChecks.com, which he still operates today as the President. Prior to these engagements, Mr. Perrucci had several notable business successes. In 2012, he founded and operated Max Technologies, a unique technology-based monitoring system to assist Ohio Courts and Probation Departments, Ohio parolee supervision and warrant tracking. Mr. Perrucci spent four years with Database Technologies from June 1996 to December 1999, where he served as Vice President and Director of Business Development, responsible for data acquisition, product and database development, and new business development. He assisted the company with its transition to DBT Online and its IPO listing on the NYSE. Prior to that, Mr. Perrucci spent 10 years in product and systems development, licensing, and data acquisition for Lexis-Nexis, the largest legal information company in the world. Mr. Perrucci also served as President of Intellicorp for four years from January 2000 to April 2004, growing the business from $200k and two employees into $4m and 25 employees. He recently completed the acquisition of North Carolina Information Data, Inc., an online provider of retail and wholesale information services to lawyers, bondsman, and general businesses. Mr. Perrucci was born and raised in Indiana and earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Legal Administration from Ball State University in 1982 and a law degree from the University of Dayton, School of Law in 1985. The Board believes that Mr. Perrucci’s experience in information systems aids the Board and management in overseeing the Company’s information technology functions.

James Wall – Director.

James Wall has served as a director of Holdings since 2017 and has been a director on the Board of the Company's Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation subsidiary since 2004. Mr. Wall was instrumental in the Board of Directors agreeing to change Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation from a sub chapter "S" corporation to a "C" corporation so that a holding company could be created. In 2005, Mr. Wall retired from a career as a commercial airline pilot where he worked for American Airlines from 1989 until 2005. Notably, he gained industry experience as a commercial loan credit analyst during a furlough period with Eastern Airlines, where he was a commercial pilot for Eastern Airlines from 1973 until its bankruptcy in 1989, also working two years for Atlantic Bank. Mr. Wall joined the United States Navy as a pilot in 1973 and remaining in the Naval Reserve until 1988 when he retired at the rank of Captain. Mr. Wall earned a bachelor’s degree from Wake Forest University, and an MBA from the University of North Florida. The Board believes that Mr. Wall’s long-term service as a director of the Company’s subsidiary provides essential insight into the Company’s operations as well as institutional memory that benefits the entire Board as well as management.

Carl C. Hoechner – Director.

Carl C. Hoechner has served as a Director for Holdings since its inception in 2017. Mr. Hoechner invested capital in Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation in 2011 and has served as a member of its Board of Directors since 2011. As such, Mr. Hoechner has assisted in to raising several million dollars in Subordinated Notes from many investors. Mr. Hoechner is also an entrepreneur in tourism and real estate. Since 2000 and presently, he has owned and operated the C.L. Hoechner Overseas Tours, Inc. with most of its operations remaining in Europe. He also actively continues his career as a real estate developer, remodeling and selling properties to multinational and foreign investors. Mr. Hoechner was born in the US (Florida), but raised in Oberammergau, DE, Carl Hoechner studied and received the equivalent of a BS in Economics and Tourism from Industry and Trade Chamber of Munich, located in Munich Germany. As a multinational entrepreneur, Mr. Hoechner moved back to the US in 2001, and made his primary residence in Miami, Florida. The Board believes that Mr. Hoechner’s experience as lead investor in the Company’s subordinated notes provides the Board and management with insight into the interests and concerns of the Company’s investors.

Audit Committee

The Board adopted its current Audit Committee Charter on April 25, 2022. The principal functions of the Audit Committee are to review and monitor the Company’s financial reporting and the internal and external audits. The committee’s functions include, among other things: (i) to select and replace the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm; (ii) to review and approve in advance the scope and the fees of our annual audit and the scope and fees of non-audit services of the independent registered public accounting firm; (iii) to receive and consider a report from the independent registered public accounting firm concerning their conduct of the audit, including any comments or recommendations they might want to make in that connection; and (iv) to review compliance with and the adequacy of our major accounting and financial reporting policies and controls. The members of the Audit Committee are currently Scott Howell, MD, Mark Kutner, MD, and John Leavitt, DBA. The Audit Committee met two times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The Board has determined that Messrs. Howell, Kutner and Leavitt are “independent” as defined in the rules of the The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC and that Dr. Howell qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in the regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. A copy of the Audit Committee charter is available at https://standardpremiuminvestors.com.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our officers and directors and persons who own more than 10% of our common stock to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership of our common stock with the SEC. Based on our review of the copies of such reports, we believe that all such reports required by Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act were in compliance with such filing requirements during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Code of Ethics

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics which applies to all directors, officers and employees of the Company. A copy of the Code of Ethics is filed as Exhibit 14 to this Annual Report.

Overview and Objectives

We believe our success depends on the continued contributions of our named executive officers. We have established our executive compensation program to attract, motivate, and retain our key employees in order to enable us to maximize our profitability and value over the long term. Our policies are also intended to support the achievement of our strategic objectives by aligning the interests of our executive officers with those of our shareholders through operational and financial performance goals and equity-based compensation. We expect that our compensation program will continue to be focused on building long-term shareholder value by attracting, motivating and retaining talented, experienced executives and other key employees. Currently, our Chief Executive Officer oversees the compensation programs for our executive officers.

Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation of our chief executive officer, our chief financial officer, and our two other most highly compensated executive officers serving during fiscal 2023 (the “named executive officers”)

Outstanding Equity Awards Table

The following table sets forth outstanding equity awards for our named executive officers at December 31, 2023.

OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR END

Note: The stock options issued under the Equity Incentive Plan vest over a two-year period from the grant date. The warrants all vested upon grant.

Director Compensation in 2023

The Company did not pay any directors compensation for their service on the Board of Directors during the year ended December 31, 2023. Messrs. Koppelmann and Krogol received compensation for services as executive officers as set forth in the Summary Compensation Table and no compensation for Board service.

The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock and Series A Convertible Preferred Stock as of March 15, 2024 by (i) each stockholder who is known by the Company to own beneficially more than five percent of any class of the Company’s voting securities, (ii) each current director of the Company, (iii) each of the Company’s current executive officers, and (iv) all executive officers and directors of the Company as a group. Except as indicated in the footnotes to the table, the listed stockholders hold sole voting and investment power over their respective shares. The information as to each person or entity is based upon the Company’s records and information provided to the Company.

Address of William J. Koppelmann, Carl Christian Hoechner, Mark Kutner, James Wall, Chris Perrucci, John Leavitt, Scott Howell, Victor Galliano, Robert Mattucci, Margaret Ruiz, and Brian Krogol is 13590 SW 134^th Avenue, Suite 214, Miami, FL 33186. Address of MaryLea Boatwright is 3889 Admiral Drive, Chamblee, GA 30341.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

 On December 17, 2019, our Board of Directors adopted the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”) and the 2019 Plan was approved by the stockholders on January 8, 2020. The 2019 Plan provides for the award of Stock Options, Stock Purchase Rights, Stock Appreciation Rights and Common Stock. On June 29, 2022 20,000 options for the purchase of common stock were granted to designated Officers under the 2019 Plan. Half of these options vested on June 29, 2023 and the other half vest on June 29, 2024. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized $28,200 and $19,878, respectively, of stock option expense.

On March 12, 2019, the Board of Directors authorized the issuance of 1,000,000 common stock purchase warrants for compensation. On June 11, 2021, the Company authorized 400,000 additional warrants and issued 175,000 of these warrants for the purchase of common stock. The 175,000 Class W4A warrants are issued at $.001 Par Value and exercisable at a strike price of $4 for a period of five (5) years. These outstanding warrants were issued on June 11, 2021, to designated Officers, Directors, and consultants with a total fair value of $9,275 on the grant date. The warrants vested immediately. On June 1, 2022, the Company issued 60,000 of previously authorized warrants for the purchase of common stock. The 60,000 Class W4A warrants are issued at $.001 Par Value and exercisable at a strike price of $4 for a period of five (5) years. These outstanding warrants were issued on June 1, 2022 as compensation to consultants with a total fair value of $10,800 on the grant date. The warrants vested immediately.

The following table summarizes information about our outstanding equity plans as of December 31, 2023:

In the ordinary course of our business, we may enter into transactions with our directors, officers and 5% or greater stockholders.

Creation of Holding Company

In March 2017, the Company entered into an agreement of share exchange with Standard Premium Finance Management Corporation (“Management”) and the shareholders of Management to facilitate the formation of the Company, which acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Management in exchange for newly issued shares of Company common stock. Each outstanding share of Management common stock was issued 28.4 shares of Company common stock in the share exchange. As a result, Management became the 100% directly-owned subsidiary of the Company.

Agreement with Bayshore Corporate Finance, LLC

In July 2016, the Company entered into a Consulting Agreement with Bayshore Corporate Finance, LLC to facilitate the Company’s business strategy and planning and to advise the Company in financial, mergers and acquisitions and other matters. Scott Howell, Chris Perrucci, and John Leavitt were managers of Bayshore Corporate Finance, LLC and directors of the Company at the time the consulting agreement was executed. In December 2019, these directors retired as managers of Bayshore Corporate Finance, LLC. They had no ownership interest in Bayshore Corporate Finance, LLC. The Company paid Bayshore Corporate Finance, LLC a total of $67,433 in 2023 and $86,477 in 2022. On June 11, 2021, the Company issued Bayshore Corporate Finance, LLC 75,000 Class W4A Warrants for the purchase of common stock at $4.00 per share with a total fair value of $3,975 at the grant date. The Warrants have a term of five (5) years and have a cashless exercise provision.

 Lease Agreement with Marlenko Acquisitions, LLC

The Company’s headquarter office in Miami, Florida is an office condominium owned by Marlenko Acquisitions, LLC. Director and Officer William Koppelmann, Secretary Margaret Ruiz and over 5% shareholder MaryLea Boatwright are the owners and managers of Marlenko Acquisitions, LLC. The Company pays Marlenko rent of $7,472 per month for the facility and pays utilities, taxes and maintenance on the facilities.

Loans to the Company by Officers and Directors

There are five directors and/or officers that have made loans to the company. Our CEO, William Koppelmann has advanced loans to the corporation through various notes totaling $202,000, maturing between 2026 and 2028, at interest of 8%. Mr. James Wall, director, has made advances of $166,000 that matures in 2025, at interest of 8%. Mr. Robert Mattucci, Vice President, has made advances of $150,000, maturing in 2024 and 2026, at interest of 8%. Ms. Margaret Ruiz, Secretary, has made advances of $10,000, maturing in 2024, at interest of 8%. Mr. Brian Krogol, Vice President, has made advances of $210,000, maturing in 2024, at interest of 8%. All interest is paid on a monthly basis, in arrears and the company is current on its payments.

Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons

The Board of Directors is responsible for reviewing related party transactions involving directors, executive officers and shareholders. In addition, our Board is responsible for approving all related party transactions between us and any officer, director or stockholder that would potentially require disclosure. The Company has a Business Ethics and Conduct Policy which requires that any potential conflicts of interest must be reported immediately to the Board of Directors, Chief Executive and the Company’s legal counsel.

Director Independence

The Company has chosen to measure the independence of its directors under the definition of independence used by The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. In determining independence, the Board reviews and seeks to determine whether directors have any material relationship with the Company, direct or indirect, which would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. The Board reviews business, professional, charitable and familial relationships of the directors in determining independence. Under such definition, the board of directors has determined that Carl Hoechner, Mark Kutner, MD, James Wall, Chris Perrucci, John Leavitt, and Scott Howell, MD, are independent directors.

The following table shows the aggregate fees billed to us for professional services rendered by Assurance Dimensions and Liggett & Webb, P.A. during the periods presented:

__________

Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies

The Audit Committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit services and all permitted non-audit services (including the fees and terms thereof) to be provided by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm; provided, however, pre-approval requirements for non-audit services are not required if all such services (1) do not aggregate to more than five percent of total revenues paid by the Company to its independent registered public accounting firm in the fiscal year when services are provided; (2) were not recognized as non-audit services at the time of the engagement; and (3) are promptly brought to the attention of the Audit Committee and approved prior to the completion of the audit by the Audit Committee.

The Audit Committee pre-approved all of the fees described above.

The Audit Committee has considered whether the provision of the above services other than audit services is compatible with maintaining auditor independence.

(a) Documents filed as part of this report

(1) All financial statements

Exhibit Index

______________________________________

* Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

Not Applicable.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on March 15, 2024.

32

STANDARD PREMIUM FINANCE HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022

Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiary

Table of Contents

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and
Stockholders of Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiary (the Company) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters to be communicated below, are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements taken as a whole and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Description of the Matter

During our audit procedures, we identified that there were significant premium finance contracts accounts receivable as of December 31, 2023 and therefore there was a question over the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses.

How we addressed the matter in our audit

The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included examining the premium finance contracts and related receivable aging, evaluating management’s assessment of the collectability of accounts receivable, reviewing historical trends and write-offs, and testing the collection of outstanding balances at year-end. Based on our procedures we deemed the Company’s treatment of premium finance contracts and related receivable and the corresponding allowance for credit losses to be materially appropriate as of December 31, 2023.

/s/ Assurance Dimensions

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022.

Margate, Florida

March 15, 2024

Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Balance Sheets

December 31, 2023 and 2022

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

Standard Premium Finance Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiary

Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022