UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
(Mark One)
| REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
| ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31 , 2021
OR
| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
OR
| SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Date of event requiring this shell company report
Commission file number 001-40865
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Not Applicable
(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)
The Netherlands
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(Address of principal executive offices)
General Counsel
Telephone: +1 (404 )574-1504
Wallbox N.V.
(Name, Telephone,
E-mail
and /or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person) Securities registered or to be registered, pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act | Title of each class |
Trading Symbol(s) |
Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report. As of December 31, 2021, the registrant had 138,158,783 Class A Shares and 23,250,793 Class B Shares outstanding.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Yes ☐ No ☒
Note—Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation Yes ☒ No ☐
S-T
(§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated
filer, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer |
☐ |
Accelerated filer |
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Emerging growth company |
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If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards † provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
† The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP ☐ |
Other ☐ | |||||||
by the International Accounting Standards Board |
☒ |
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow. Item 17 ☐ Item 18 ☐
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule ☒
12b-2
of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No TABLE OF CONTENTS
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F-1 |
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION
We report under International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB)
General Information
Our consolidated financial statements are reported in the reporting currency of the Euro (€), which are denoted “Euros,” “EUR” or “€” throughout this Annual Report on Form
20-F
(“Annual Report”). Also, throughout this Annual Report: | • | except where the context otherwise requires or where otherwise indicated, the terms “Wallbox,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” “our Company” and “our business” refer to Wallbox N.V., a Dutch public limited liability company ( naamloze vennootschap |
| • | the terms “€,” “EUR,” “Euro” or “euro” refer to the currency introduced at the start of the third stage of European economic and monetary union pursuant to the treaty establishing the European Community, as amended; and |
| • | the terms “dollars,” “USD” or “$” refer to U.S. dollars. |
Certain figures in this Annual Report may not recalculate exactly due to rounding. This is because percentages and/or figures contained herein are calculated based on actual numbers and not the rounded numbers presented.
Segments
Management determined that we have three reportable operating segments: (i) Europe-Middle East Asia (EMEA), (ii) North America (NORAM), and (iii) Asia-Pacific (APAC) given our organizational structure and the manner in which our business is reviewed and managed. Our reportable operating segments reflect the principal geographies for our commercial activities around the world, and how we are allocating resources and evaluating operating performance. Refer to Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — A. Operating Results — Operating Results by Segment” and Note 7, “, to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional information about these segments. Information presented in this Annual Report for periods prior to this segment change has been revised to reflect this segment realignment.
Operating Segments”
Defined Terms and Key Performance Indicators in this Annual Report
Throughout this Annual Report, we use a number of defined terms and provide information about a number of key performance indicators used by management. Definitions are as follows, and additional information about our key performance indicators is discussed in more detail in Item 5 “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Key Operating and Financial Metrics.”
“Board” means the board of directors of Wallbox.
“Business Combination” means the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement.
“Business Combination Agreement” means the Business Combination Agreement, dated June 9, 2021, as may be amended from time to time, by and among Wallbox B.V., Merger Sub, Kensington and Wallbox Chargers S.L.
“Class A Shares” means the ordinary shares A, nominal value €0.12 per share, of Wallbox.
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“Class B Shares” means the ordinary shares B, nominal value €1.20 per share, of Wallbox.
“Closing” means the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement.
“Closing Date” means October 1, 2021.
“Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
“COVID-19”
means the novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19,
and any evolutions, mutations thereof or related or associated epidemics, pandemic or disease outbreaks. “DCGC” means the Dutch Corporate Governance Code.
“ESPP” means the Wallbox N.V. 2021 Employee Share Purchase Plan.
“Exchange Act” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
“FCPA” means the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act.
“General Meeting” means the general meeting () of the Company, being the corporate body, or where the context so requires, the physical meeting of shareholders of the Company.
algemene vergadering
“IAS” means the International Accounting Standard.
“IFRS” means the International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
“Incentive Plan” means the Wallbox N.V. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan.
“JOBS Act” means the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012.
“Kensington” means Kensington Capital Acquisition Corp. II, a Delaware corporation.“Kensington Class A Common Stock” means Kensington’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.
“Kensington Class B Common Stock” means Kensington’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.
“Kensington Common Stock” means the Kensington Class A Common Stock and Kensington Class B Common Stock.
“Merger Sub” means Orion Merger Sub Corp., a Delaware corporation.
“NYSE” means the New York Stock Exchange.
“PIPE Financing” means the subscription for and purchase by the PIPE Investors of an aggregate of 11,100,000 Shares at $10.00 per share for gross proceeds of $111,000,000 pursuant to the Subscription Agreements.
“PIPE Investors” mean the investors in the PIPE Financing pursuant to the Subscription Agreements.
“Private Warrants” means the 8,933,333 warrants held by certain former Kensington shareholders at the Closing, purchased by such holders in the private placement that occurred concurrently with the closing of Kensington’s IPO and converted into warrants to purchase one Class A Share at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment, at the closing of the Business Combination.
2
“Public Warrants” means the 5,750,000 warrants to purchase one Class A Share at a price of $11.50, subject to adjustment, held by certain former Kensington shareholders.
“Sarbanes-Oxley Act” means the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Shares” means the shares of Wallbox.
“Subscription Agreements” means the Subscription Agreements, dated June 9, 2021 and September 29, 2021, by and among Wallbox B.V., Kensington and each of the PIPE Investors.
Non-IFRS
and Other Financial and Operating Metrics We have included in this Annual Report certain financial measures not based on IFRS, including EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA (together, the
“Non-IFRS
Measures”), as well as operating metrics, including Gross Margin See the definitions set forth below for a further explanation of these terms. Management uses the
Non-IFRS
Measures: | • | as measurements of operating performance because they assist us in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis, as they remove the impact of items not directly resulting from our core operations; |
| • | for planning purposes, including the preparation of our internal annual operating budget and financial projections; |
| • | to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of our strategic initiatives; and |
| • | to evaluate our capacity to fund capital expenditures and expand our business. |
The operations of our business. By providing the
Non-IFRS
Measures may not be comparable to similar measures disclosed by other companies, because not all companies and analysts calculate these measures in the same manner. We present the Non-IFRS
Measures because we consider them to be important supplemental measures of our performance, and we believe they are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies. Management believes that investors’ understanding of our performance is enhanced by including the Non-IFRS
Measures as a reasonable basis for comparing our ongoing results of operations. Many investors are interested in understanding the performance of our business by comparing our results from ongoing operations period over period and would ordinarily add back non-cash
expenses such as depreciation, amortization and items that are not part of normal day-to-day
Non-IFRS
Measures, together with reconciliations to IFRS, we believe we are enhancing investors’ understanding of our business and our results of operations, as well as assisting investors in evaluating how well we are executing our strategic initiatives. Items excluded from the
Non-IFRS
Measures are significant components in understanding and assessing financial performance. The Non-IFRS
Measures have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation, or as an alternative to, or a substitute for loss for the year, revenue or other financial statement data presented in our consolidated financial statements as indicators of financial performance. Some of the limitations are: | • | such measures do not reflect revenue related to fulfilment, which is necessary to the operation of our business; |
| • | such measures do not reflect our expenditures, or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments; |
| • | such measures do not reflect changes in our working capital needs; |
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| • | such measures do not reflect our share based payments, income tax benefit/(expense) or the amounts necessary to pay our taxes; |
| • | although depreciation and amortization are not included in the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future and such measures do not reflect any costs for such replacements; and |
| • | other companies may calculate such measures differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures. |
Due to these limitations, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as measures of discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business and are in addition to, not a substitute for or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with IFRS. In addition, the
Non-IFRS
Measures we use may differ from the non-IFRS
financial measures used by other companies and are not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with IFRS. Furthermore, not all companies or analysts may calculate similarly titled measures in the same manner. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our IFRS results and using the Non-IFRS
Measures only as supplemental measures. We define our
non-IFRS
Measures and other financial and operating metrics as follows: “Gross Margin” is defined as revenue less changes in inventory, raw materials and other consumables used.
“EBITDA” is defined as loss for the year before income tax credit, financial income, interest expenses, amortization and depreciation.
“Adjusted EBITDA” is defined as loss for the year before depreciation and amortization, income tax credits, and financial income and interest expense further adjusted to take account of the impact of certain non-cash and other items that we do not consider in our evaluation of ongoing operating performance. These non-cash and other items include, but not are limited to; change in fair value of convertible bonds and derivative warrants, share listing expenses, foreign exchange gains and losses, share based payments expense and other one-off expenses/income related to special operations.
Adjusted EBITDA provides a basis for comparison of our business operations between current, past and future periods by excluding items that we do not believe are indicative of our core operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled metrics of other companies.
Refer to Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — A. Operating Results — Reconciliations of
Non-IFRS
and Other Financial and Operating Metrics” included elsewhere in this Annual Report for reconciliations of our Non-IFRS
measures to the most directly comparable IFRS financial measures. Market and Industry Data
We obtained industry, market and competitive position data in this Annual Report from our own internal estimates, surveys and research as well as from publicly available information, industry and general publications and research, surveys and studies conducted by third-parties, such as reports by Bloomberg New Energy Finance’s 1Q 2022 Electrified Transport Market Outlook published on March 10
th
, 2022 and the public 2021 BNEF EV Outlook 2021. 4
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Although we believe that these estimates and forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, they are subject to numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control, and are made in light of the information currently available to us. Our actual results or performance may differ materially from any future results or performance expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
The risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:
| • | Wallbox’s ability to realize grow and manage growth, which may be affected by, among other things, competition; |
| • | risks relating to the outcome and timing of Wallbox’s development of its charging and energy management technology and related manufacturing processes; |
| • | the possibility that the expected timeframe for, and other expectations regarding the development and performance of, Wallbox products will differ from current assumptions; |
| • | intense competition in the electric vehicle charging space; |
| • | risks related to health pandemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial condition; |
| • | failure to attract and retain key employees and hire qualified management, technical, engineering and sales and business development personnel; |
| • | legal proceedings; |
| • | compliance with the continued listing standards of the NYSE; |
| • | volatility in the market price of Wallbox’s ordinary shares; |
| • | a loss or disruption with respect to Wallbox’s supply or manufacturing partners; |
| • | delays in the development of new products and product innovations; |
| • | the war between Russia and Ukraine; |
| • | Wallbox’s internal control over financial reporting; |
| • | product recalls or withdrawals, litigation or regulatory enforcement actions and/or material product liability claims; |
| • | the inability to obtain patents or otherwise protect Wallbox’s technology and intellectual property from unauthorized use by third parties; |
| • | governmental regulation and other legal obligations related to privacy, data protection and information security, and related governmental enforcement actions, litigation, fines and penalties or adverse publicity; and |
| • | other economic, business, and/or competitive factors. |
Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties and are based on potentially inaccurate assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expected or implied by the forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the factors described in “” herein. Accordingly, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof.
Risk Factors
5
Wallbox undertakes no obligation to publicly revise any forward-looking statement to reflect circumstances or events after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
In addition, statements that “Wallbox believes” and similar statements reflect Wallbox’s beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to Wallbox as of the date hereof. And while Wallbox believes that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Wallbox’s statements should not be read to indicate that it has conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and you are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.
Although Wallbox believes the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements were reasonable at the time made, it cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither Wallbox nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. You should carefully consider the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section in connection with the forward-looking statements contained herein and any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that may be issued by Wallbox or persons acting on its behalf.
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RISK FACTOR SUMMARY
Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those described in Item 3. “Key Information — D. Risk Factors” included elsewhere in this Annual Report. You should carefully consider these risks and uncertainties when investing in our ordinary shares. Principal risks and uncertainties affecting our business include the following.
| • | Wallbox is an early stage company with a history of operating losses, and expects to incur significant expenses and continuing losses at least for the near and medium-term. |
| • | Wallbox’s growth and success is highly correlated with and thus dependent upon the continuing rapid adoption of, and demand for EVs, as well as, availability of critical components needed for EVs and our products. Among other things, changes to fuel economy standards or the success of alternative fuels, or changes to rebates, tax credits and other financial incentives from governments, utilities and others to offset the purchase or operating cost of EVs and EV charging technology, may negatively impact the EV market and, thus, the demand for Wallbox’s products and services. |
| • | Wallbox has experienced rapid growth and expects to invest in its growth for the foreseeable future. If Wallbox fails to manage growth effectively, its business, operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected. |
| • | Wallbox currently faces competition from a number of companies and expects to continue to face significant competition in each of its markets in the future. |
| • | A loss or disruption with respect to Wallbox’s supply or manufacturing partners could negatively affect Wallbox’s business. |
| • | Wallbox expects to expend resources to maintain consumer awareness of its brands, build brand loyalty and generate interest in its products. Failure to effectively expand Wallbox’s sales and marketing capabilities could harm its ability to increase or maintain its customer base and achieve broader market acceptance of its products. |
| • | Wallbox is dependent on consumer adoption of its products. If Wallbox does not continue to offer a high quality product and user experience, its business, brand and reputation will suffer. |
| • | Growing Wallbox’s customer base depends upon the effective operation of Wallbox’s mobile applications with mobile operating systems, networks and standards that are beyond its control. |
| • | Wallbox may have to initiate product recalls or withdrawals or may be subject to litigation or regulatory enforcement actions and/or incur material product liability claims, which could increase its costs and harm Wallbox’s brand, reputation and adversely affect its business. |
| • | Wallbox has a significant presence in international markets and plans to continue to expand its international operations, which exposes it to a number of risks that could affect its future growth. |
| • | The ongoing military action between Russia and Ukraine could adversely affect Wallbox’s business, financial condition and results of operations. |
| • | Joint ventures that Wallbox is party to or that Wallbox enters into, including its joint venture in China, present a number of challenges that could have a material adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial condition. |
| • | Wallbox has acquired businesses and may acquire other businesses and/or companies, which could require significant management attention, disrupt its business, dilute shareholder value, and adversely affect its results of operations. |
7
Part I
Item 1. |
Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers |
Not applicable.
Item 2. |
Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable |
Not applicable.
Item 3. |
Key Information |
A. [Reserved]
B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not applicable.
C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
D. Risk Factors
An investment in our Class A Shares involves a certain level of risk. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information in this Annual Report, including our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes, before deciding to invest in our Class A Shares. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business and operations. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected by any of these risks. In addition to the effects of the
COVID-19
pandemic, current geopolitical unrest and the potential global supply disruptions included elsewhere in this Annual Report and in the important factors below, additional or unforeseen effects from the COVID-19
pandemic and the global economic climate may give rise to or amplify many of the risks discussed below. The trading price of our Class A Shares could decline due to any of these risks, and you could lose all or part of your investment. Risks Related to Wallbox’s Business
Wallbox is an early stage company with a history of operating losses, and expects to incur significant expenses and continuing losses at least for the near and medium-term.
Wallbox has a history of operating losses and negative operating cash flows. Wallbox incurred a net loss of €223.8 million and €11.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Wallbox believes it will continue to incur operating and net losses at least for the medium term. A significant portion of Wallbox’s operating expenses are fixed. Wallbox anticipates, due to, among other things, increased administrative expenses associated with Wallbox’s US listing and related regulations, it will again operate at a loss. Additional losses would impair Wallbox’s liquidity and may require us to raise additional capital or to curtail certain of Wallbox’s operations in an effort to preserve capital. Incurring additional losses could also erode investor confidence in Wallbox’s ability to manage Wallbox’s business effectively and result in a decline in the price of Shares. Even if Wallbox achieves profitability, there can be no assurance that it will be able to maintain profitability in the future. Wallbox may need to raise additional financing through loans, securities offerings or additional investments in order to fund its ongoing operations. There is no assurance that Wallbox will be able to obtain such additional financing or that it will be able to obtain such additional financing on favorable terms.
8
Wallbox’s growth and success is highly correlated with and thus dependent upon the continuing rapid adoption of, and demand for EVs, as well as, availability of critical components needed for EVs and our products. Among other things, changes to fuel economy standards or the success of alternative fuels, or changes to rebates, tax credits and other financial incentives from governments, utilities and others to offset the purchase or operating cost of EVs and EV charging technology, may negatively impact the EV market and, thus, the demand for Wallbox’s products and services.
Wallbox’s potential profitability and growth is highly dependent upon the continued adoption of Electric Vehicles (“EVs”) by consumers, businesses, and fleet operators continued support from regulatory programs and in each case, the use of Wallbox’s chargers and charging stations, any of which may not occur at the levels Wallbox currently anticipates or at all. The market for EVs is still rapidly evolving, characterized by rapidly changing technologies, increasing consumer choice as it relates to available EV models, their pricing and performance, evolving government regulation and industry standards, changing consumer preferences and behaviors, intensifying levels of concern related to environmental issues, and governmental initiatives related to climate change and the environment generally. Although demand for EVs has grown in recent years, there is no guarantee of continuing future demand. Residential, commercial and public charging may not develop as expected and may fail to attract projected market share of total EV charging. If the market for EVs develops more slowly than expected, or if demand for EVs decreases, Wallbox’s growth would be reduced and its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results would be harmed. The market for EVs could be affected by numerous factors, such as:
| • | perceptions about EV features, quality, driver experience, safety, performance and cost; |
| • | perceptions about the limited range over which EVs may be driven on a single battery charge and about availability and access to sufficient public EV charging stations; |
| • | competition, including from other types of alternative fuel vehicles (such as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles), plug-in hybrid EVs and high fuel-economy internal combustion engine (“ICE”) vehicles; |
| • | increases in fuel efficiency in legacy ICE and hybrid vehicles; |
| • | volatility in the price of gasoline and diesel at the pump; |
| • | EV supply chain disruptions including but not limited to availability of certain components (such as semiconductors, microchips and lithium), ability of EV OEMs to ramp-up EV production, availability of batteries, and battery materials; |
| • | concerns regarding the stability of the electrical grid; |
| • | the decline of an EV battery’s ability to hold a charge over time; |
| • | availability of service for EVs; |
| • | consumers’ perception about the convenience, speed, and cost of EV charging; |
| • | government regulations and economic incentives, including adverse changes in, or expiration of, favorable tax incentives related to EVs, EV charging stations or decarbonization generally; |
| • | relaxation of government mandates or quotas regarding the sale of EVs; |
| • | the number, price and variety of EV models available for purchase; and |
| • | concerns about the future viability of EV manufacturers. |
In addition, sales of vehicles in the automotive industry can be cyclical, which may affect growth in acceptance of EVs. It is uncertain how macroeconomic factors will impact demand for EVs, particularly since they can be more expensive than traditional gasoline-powered vehicles, when the automotive industry globally has been experiencing a recent decline in sales. Furthermore, because fleet operators often make large purchases of EVs, this cyclicality and volatility in the automotive industry may be more pronounced with commercial purchasers, and any significant decline in demand from these customers could reduce demand for EV charging and Wallbox’s products and services in particular.
9
While many global OEMs and several new market entrants have announced plans for new EV models, the lineup of EV models, with increasing charging needs, expected to come to market over the next several years may not materialize in that timeframe or may fail to attract sufficient customer demand. Demand for EVs may also be affected by factors directly impacting automobile prices or the cost of purchasing and operating automobiles, such as sales and financing incentives, prices of raw materials and parts and components, cost of fuel and governmental regulations, including tariffs, import regulation and other taxes. Volatility in demand may lead to lower vehicle unit sales, which may result in reduced demand for EV charging solutions and therefore adversely affect Wallbox’s business, financial condition and operating results.
As regulatory initiatives have required an increase in the mileage capabilities of cars and consumption of renewable transportation fuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, consumer acceptance of EVs and other alternative vehicles has been increasing. However, the EV fueling model is different from gasoline and other fuel models, requiring behavior changes and education of businesses, consumers, regulatory bodies, local utilities, and other stakeholders. Further developments in, and improvements in affordability of, alternative technologies, such as renewable diesel, biodiesel, ethanol, hydrogen fuel cells or compressed natural gas, proliferation of hybrid powertrains involving such alternative fuels, or improvements in the fuel economy of the ICE vehicles, whether as the result of regulation or otherwise, may materially and adversely affect demand for EVs and EV charging stations in some market verticals. Regulatory bodies may also adopt rules that substantially favor certain alternatives to petroleum-based propulsion over others, which may not necessarily be EVs. Local jurisdictions may also impose restrictions on urban driving due to congestion, which may prioritize and accelerate micromobility trends and slow EV adoption growth. If any of the above cause or contribute to automakers reducing the availability of EV models or cause or contribute to consumers or businesses to no longer purchase EVs or purchase fewer of them, it would materially and adversely affect Wallbox’s business, operating results, financial condition and prospects.
The U.S. federal government, European states and some state and local governments provide incentives to end users and purchasers of EVs and EV charging stations in the form of rebates, tax credits, and other financial and behavioral incentives, such as payments for regulatory credits. The EV market relies on these governmental rebates, tax credits, and other financial incentives to significantly lower the effective price of EVs and EV charging stations. However, these incentives may expire on a particular date, end when the allocated funding is exhausted, or be reduced or terminated as a matter of regulatory or legislative policy. Any reduction in rebates, tax credits or other financial incentives could negatively affect the EV market and adversely impact Wallbox’s business operations and expansion potential. Furthermore, new tariffs and policy incentives could be put in place by the Biden Administration that favor equipment manufactured by or assembled at American factories, which may put Wallbox at a competitive disadvantage if it is not able to develop its U.S. manufacturing capacity on the timelines it currently expects or at all, including by increasing the cost or delaying the availability of charging equipment, by challenging or eliminating Wallbox’s ability to apply or qualify for grants and other government incentives, or by disqualifying Wallbox from the ability to compete for certain charging infrastructure buildout solicitations and programs, including those initiated by federal government agencies.
Similarly, even if new legislation incentivizes EV adoption, Wallbox cannot predict what form such incentives may take at this time. If Wallbox is not eligible for grants or other incentives under such programs, while Wallbox’s competitors are, it may adversely affect Wallbox’s competitiveness or results of operation.
Wallbox has experienced rapid growth and expects to invest in its growth for the foreseeable future. If Wallbox fails to manage growth effectively, its business, operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.
Wallbox has experienced rapid growth in recent periods. For example, Wallbox’s revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021 have grown 263.8% as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The expected continued growth and expansion of Wallbox’s business may place a significant strain on management, business operations, financial condition and infrastructure and corporate culture.
10
With continued growth, Wallbox’s information technology systems and Wallbox’s internal control over financial reporting and procedures may not be adequate to support its operations and may allow data security incidents that may interrupt business operations and allow third parties to obtain unauthorized access to business information misappropriate funds. Wallbox may also face risks to the extent such third parties infiltrate the information technology infrastructure of its contractors.
To manage growth in operations and personnel, Wallbox will need to continue to improve its operational, financial and management controls and reporting systems and procedures. Failure to manage growth effectively could result in difficulty or delays in attracting new customers, declines in quality or customer satisfaction, increases in costs, difficulties in introducing new products and services or enhancing existing products and services, loss of customers, information security vulnerabilities or other operational difficulties, any of which could adversely affect Wallbox’s business performance and operating results. Wallbox’s strategy is based on a combination of growth and maintenance of strong performance, and any inability to scale, maintain customer experience related to its charging products or charging stations may impact Wallbox’s growth trajectory and results of operations.
Wallbox’s estimates of market opportunity and forecasts of market growth may prove to be inaccurate.
Market opportunity estimates and growth forecasts, whether obtained from third-party sources or developed internally, are subject to significant uncertainty and are based on assumptions and estimates that may prove to be inaccurate. This is especially so at the present time due to the uncertain and rapidly changing projections of the severity, magnitude and duration of the
COVID-19
pandemic. The estimates and forecasts included in this Annual Report relating to the size and expected growth of the target market, market demand and EV adoption may also prove to be inaccurate. In particular, estimates regarding the current and projected market opportunity for public and residential charging or Wallbox’s market share related to that opportunity are difficult to predict. The estimated addressable market may not materialize in the timeframe of the projections included herein, if ever, and even if the markets meet the size estimates and growth estimates presented in this Annual Report, Wallbox’s business could fail to grow at similar rates. Wallbox currently faces competition from a number of companies and expects to continue to face significant competition in each of its markets in the future.
The EV charging market is relatively new and Wallbox currently faces competition from a number of EV charging companies and may face increasing competition from other competitors that may enter the space including but not limited to OEMs, utilities, tech companies, solar companies that branch into EV charging, and other new entrants. The principal competitive factors in the industry include consumer awareness and brand recognition of Wallbox’s residential charging products; technical features of chargers in respect of both hardware and software; relationships with localities and utilities; charger connectivity to EVs and ability to charge all standards; software-enabled services offering and overall customer experience; brand, track record and reputation; access to component vendors and OEMs, service providers, installation professionals; and policy incentives and pricing.
Wallbox has varying levels of penetration in its markets and those markets are characterized by unique competitive dynamics. For example, the European EV charging market can be characterized as fragmented.
There are many small and local players, with only a limited number of parties having sufficient scale and funding to be competitive in the long term. Especially due to the strong government incentives currently in place, EV sales are expected to increase rapidly in Europe. From a competitive perspective, the North American market has high barriers to entry due to strict certification and validation requirements. Therefore, this market differs from Europe as the market is less fragmented with only a few large players. Similar to the European market, the APAC market can be characterized as a highly fragmented market with less than a handful of players that have gained significant scale in the industry. From a technology and pricing perspective, EV charging solutions in
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APAC are cost-competitive as they can be manufactured at a lower cost point. Wallbox’s growth in each of its markets requires differentiating itself as compared to its competition. If Wallbox is unable to penetrate, or further penetrate, the market in each of the geographies in which it operates or intends to operate, its future revenue growth and profits may be impacted. In addition, there are competitors, in particular those with limited funding, experience or commitment to quality assurance, which could cause poor experiences, hampering overall EV adoption or trust in any particular provider. Further, Wallbox’s current or potential competitors may be acquired by third parties with different commercial objectives and imperatives and greater available resources.
Additionally, future changes in charging preferences; the development of inductive EV charging capabilities; battery chemistries, ultralong-range batteries or energy storage technologies, industry standards or applications; driver behavior or battery EV efficiency may develop in ways that limit Wallbox’s future share gains in certain high promising markets or slow the growth of Wallbox’s addressable market. Wallbox may face competition from other EV charging technologies, such as battery swapping technology or wireless / inductive charging, or technologies which may be developed in the future. Competitors may be able to respond more quickly and effectively than Wallbox to new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards or customer requirements, and may be better equipped to initiate or withstand substantial price competition.
The EV charging business may become more competitive, pressuring future increases in utilization and margins. Competition is still developing and is expected to increase as the number of EVs sold increases. New competitors or alliances may emerge in the future that secure greater market share, have proprietary technologies that drivers prefer, more effective marketing abilities and/or face different financial hurdles, which could put Wallbox at a competitive disadvantage.
Further, Wallbox’s current strategic initiatives may fail to result in a sustainable competitive advantage for Wallbox. Future competitors could also be better positioned to serve certain segments of Wallbox’s current or future target markets, which could create price pressure or erode Wallbox’s market share. In light of these factors, current or potential customers may utilize charging services of competitors. If Wallbox fails to adapt to changing market conditions or continue to compete successfully with current charging product providers or new competitors, its growth will be inhibited, adversely affecting its business and results of operations.
Wallbox faces risks related to health pandemics, including the
COVID-19
pandemic, which could have a material adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial condition. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization upgraded the emergency public healthcare situation triggered by the outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19)
to an international pandemic. The unfolding of events in Spain and worldwide, has led to an unprecedented health crisis, which has had an impact on the macroeconomic climate and on business performance. In order to confront this situation, a series of measures were adopted in 2020 to address the economic and social impacts of COVID-19
which have led to mobility restrictions on the population. In particular, amongst other measures, governments worldwide have declared states of emergency or similar measures that have imposed restrictions on the movement of people and on the opening hours of businesses, severely impacting local economies. These kinds of restrictions continue to be applied in the majority of the countries in which Wallbox operates. The impact of
COVID-19,
including changes in consumer and business behavior, pandemic fears and market downturns and restrictions on business and individual activities, has created significant volatility in the global and domestic economies and led to reduced economic activity. Additionally, the spread of COVID-19
has created charging equipment supply chain and shipping constraints. COVID-19
has also disrupted the manufacturing, delivery and overall supply chain of vehicle manufacturers and suppliers and has led to a decrease in vehicle sales, including EV sales, in markets around the world, and the accompanying demand for Wallbox charging products and services. Any sustained downturn in demand for EVs would harm Wallbox’s business and negatively impact growth. 12
The pandemic has resulted in government authorities implementing numerous measures to try to contain or orders, and business shutdowns. These measures adversely impact Wallbox’s employees and operations and the operations of its customers, suppliers, vendors and business partners and negatively impact demand for EV charging. These measures by government authorities may remain in place for a significant period of time and may adversely affect manufacturing and building plans, sales and marketing activities, business and results of operations.
COVID-19,
such as travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, stay-at-home
shelter-in-place
Wallbox may take further actions as may be required by government authorities or that it determines are in the best interests of its employees, customers, suppliers, vendors and business partners. There is no certainty that such actions will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by
COVID-19
or otherwise be satisfactory to government authorities. If significant portions of Wallbox’s workforce are unable to work effectively, including due to illness, quarantines, social distancing, government actions or other restrictions in connection with the COVID-19
pandemic, its operations will be negatively impacted. Furthermore, if significant portions of its customers are subject to stay at home orders or otherwise work remotely or are not traveling via EV for sustained periods of time, user demand for charging and services will decline. The extent to which the
COVID-19
pandemic impacts Wallbox’s business, prospects and results of operations will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including, but not limited to, the duration, spread and severity of the pandemic, the actions to contain COVID-19
or treat its impact, and when and to what extent normal economic and operating activities can resume. The COVID-19
pandemic could limit the ability of customers, suppliers, vendors, OEMs, utilities and business partners to perform, including third party suppliers’ ability to provide components and materials used in charging products and stations or in providing installation or maintenance services. Even after the COVID-19
pandemic has subsided, Wallbox may continue to experience an adverse impact to its business as a result of the pandemic’s global economic impact, including any recession that has occurred or may occur in the future. Specifically, difficult macroeconomic conditions, such as decreases in per capita income and level of disposable income, increased and prolonged unemployment or a decline in consumer confidence as a result of the COVID-19
pandemic, as well as reduced spending by businesses, could each have a material adverse effect on the demand for Wallbox’s products and services. A loss or disruption with respect to Wallbox’s supply or manufacturing partners could negatively affect Wallbox’s business.
Wallbox relies on a limited number of vendors and OEMs for manufacturing of components of its charging products which at this stage of the industry is unique to each supplier and thus singularly sourced with respect to components. This reliance on a limited number of vendors and OEMs increases Wallbox’s risks, since, for a select number of its components, it does not currently have proven reliable alternative or replacement vendors beyond these key parties. In the event of production interruptions or supply chain disruptions including but not limited to availability of certain key components such as semiconductors, which have recently experienced supply shortages that have significantly affected the overall automotive industry, Wallbox may not be able to take advantage of increased production from other sources or develop alternate or secondary vendors without incurring material additional costs and substantial delays. Thus, Wallbox’s business would be adversely affected if one or more of its vendors or OEMs is impacted by any interruption at a particular location.
As the demand for EV charging increases, vendors and OEMs may not be able to dedicate sufficient supply chain, production, or sales channel capacity to keep up with the required pace of charging product and infrastructure expansion. Global supply chains continue to experience a period of unprecedented disruption, in addition to which, as the EV market grows, the industry may be exposed to deteriorating design requirements, undetected faults or the erosion of testing standards by charging equipment and component suppliers, which may adversely impact the performance, reliability and lifecycle cost of the chargers. If Wallbox or its suppliers experience a significant increase in demand, or if Wallbox needs to replace an existing supplier, it may not be possible to supplement service or replace them on acceptable terms, which may undermine its ability to make
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sales and timely deliveries of chargers. For example, it may take a significant amount of time to identify a vendor that has the capability and resources to supply components in sufficient volume. Identifying and approving suitable vendors could be an extensive process that requires Wallbox to become satisfied with their quality control, technical capabilities, responsiveness and service, financial stability, regulatory compliance, and labor and other ethical practices. Accordingly, a loss of any significant vendor or OEM would have an adverse effect on Wallbox’s business, financial condition and operating results.
Further, should the U.S. Government require that charging equipment be manufactured in the U.S. in order to access federal financial support or secure contracts with the federal government, Wallbox may have to source components from alternative vendors or OEMs or work with current vendors and OEMs to develop additional manufacturing capacity in the U.S. to participate in the covered federal programs.
Wallbox is dependent upon the efforts of certain key personnel. If Wallbox is unable to attract and retain key employees and hire qualified management, technical, engineering and sales and business development personnel, its ability to compete and successfully grow its business would be harmed. Furthermore, the loss of such key personnel could negatively impact the operations and financial results of Wallbox’s business.
Wallbox’s success is dependent on the continued services of certain key personnel, particularly Wallbox’s
co-founders,
Enric Asunción Escorsa and Eduard Castañeda, Jordi Lainz, Wallbox’s Chief Financial Officer and Oriol Riba, Wallbox’s Chief Operations Officer. From time to time, there may be changes in Wallbox’s executive management team resulting from the hiring or departure of executives, which could disrupt Wallbox’s business. The replacement of one or more of Wallbox’s executive officers or other key employees may involve significant time and costs and may significantly delay or prevent the achievement of Wallbox’s business objectives. Wallbox also does not maintain any key person life insurance policies. To continue to execute Wallbox’s growth strategy, it also must attract and retain highly skilled personnel. Competition is intense for qualified professionals. Wallbox may experience difficulty in hiring and retaining highly skilled personnel with appropriate qualifications. The pool of qualified personnel with experience working in Wallbox’s market is limited overall. In addition, many of the companies with which Wallbox competes for experienced personnel have greater resources.
Volatility in the price of shares may, therefore, negatively impact Wallbox’s ability to attract or retain highly skilled personnel. Further, the requirement to expense stock options and other equity-based compensation may discourage Wallbox from granting the size or type of stock option or equity awards that job candidates require to join Wallbox. Failure to attract new personnel or failure to retain and motivate Wallbox’s current personnel, could harm Wallbox’s business.
Additionally, Wallbox’s future success depends on its ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate highly skilled employees, software engineers and other employees with the technical skills in design and engineering that will enable us to deliver quality EV charging products and energy management solutions. Competition for highly skilled employees in Wallbox’s industry is intense, and it expects certain of its key competitors, who generally are larger than Wallbox and have access to more substantial resources, to pursue top talent even more aggressively.
Wallbox’s success depends, in part, on its continuing ability to identify, attract, hire, train and develop, and retain highly qualified personnel. The inability to do so effectively would adversely affect its business. Competition for employees can be intense and the ability to attract, hire and retain them depends on Wallbox’s ability to provide meaningful work at competitive compensation. Wallbox may not be able to attract, assimilate, develop or retain qualified personnel in the future, and failure to do so would adversely affect its business, including the execution of its global business strategy.
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Wallbox’s customers are not under long-term contract and its customer orders may fluctuate.
Wallbox does not have commitments greater than one year from any of its customers, and it may not be able to retain customers or attract new customers that provide it with revenue that is comparable to the revenue generated by any customers it may lose. The duration of the contracts Wallbox does have with its distribution partners is typically one year and such contracts may contain termination clauses and do not provide for minimum volumes or other commitments to purchase Wallbox’s chargers. Additionally, many of the orders for future deliveries of Wallbox’s Supernova charging station are currently under
non-binding
letters of intent and may not provide the same level of certainty as if such orders were under binding contracts. Wallbox’s distributor, reseller, and installer customers, which accounted for approximately 46% of its sales, as of December 31, 2021, place orders with it on an ad hoc basis and direct sales made directly through Wallbox’s website or via Amazon accounted for approximately 11% of its sales as of December 31, 2021. Because Wallbox’s customers do not have long-term contracts, it may be difficult for Wallbox to accurately predict future revenue streams. Wallbox cannot provide assurance that current customers will continue to use its products or services or that it will be able to replace departing customers with new customers that provide it with comparable revenue. Wallbox also has in the past experienced customer concentration, with Iberdrola representing greater than 16% of its revenues for fiscal 2019, 8% for fiscal 2020 and 6% for fiscal 2021. The loss of a key customer, including but not limited to Iberdrola, could have a material impact on Wallbox’s business. Wallbox expects to expend resources to maintain consumer awareness of its brands, build brand loyalty and generate interest in its products. Failure to effectively expand Wallbox’s sales and marketing capabilities could harm its ability to increase or maintain its customer base and achieve broader market acceptance of its products.
Wallbox’s ability to grow its customer base, achieve broader market acceptance, grow revenue, and achieve and sustain profitability will depend, to a significant extent, on its ability to effectively expand its sales and marketing operations and activities, which will require significant investment. Wallbox had €7.3 and €1.4 million, respectively, in marketing expenses in each of the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, and expects to expend more resources in the future in order to build consumer awareness of its brands. Wallbox relies on its business development, sales and marketing teams to obtain new customers and grow its retail business. Wallbox plans to continue to expand in these functional areas but it may not be able to recruit and hire a sufficient number of competent personnel with requisite skills, technical expertise and experience, which may adversely affect its ability to expand its sales capabilities. The hiring process can be costly and time-consuming, and new employees may require significant training and time before they achieve full productivity. Recent hires and planned hires may not become as productive as quickly as anticipated, and Wallbox may be unable to hire or retain sufficient numbers of qualified individuals. Wallbox’s ability to achieve significant revenue growth in the future will depend, in large part, on its success in recruiting, training, incentivizing and retaining a sufficient number of qualified personnel attaining desired productivity levels within a reasonable time. Wallbox’s business will be harmed if investment in personnel related to business development and related company activities does not generate a significant increase in revenue.
Wallbox relies on third-parties that Wallbox does not control for many aspects of its business, marketing and distribution channels, and its failure to manage and maintain relationships with such third-parties, or any failure by such third-parties to promote or maintain the brand and quality of Wallbox products, could harm its brand, reputation and adversely affect its business. Furthermore, Wallbox is dependent on third parties for installations, which are subject to risks associated with cost overruns and delays. Third parties may improperly install our products, which may result in additional costs to Wallbox and may adversely affect Wallbox’s brand, reputation and business.
Wallbox sells its EV charging solutions through various channels. Wallbox has built and maintains an ecosystem of partner channels including, installers, resellers and
value-add
distributors. Wallbox provides marketing materials, training and support to its partners to improve sales and enters into contracts with such 15
parties governing certain aspects of their conduct; however, Wallbox does not ultimately control such parties. Wallbox’s failure to manage and maintain relationships with such third-parties, or any failure by such third-parties to promote or maintain the brand and quality of Wallbox products, could harm its brand, reputation and adversely affect its business.
Additionally, Wallbox does not typically install its charging products or charging stations. Wallbox offers installation service through its certified installer network that is intended to ensure installation according to local governmental and industrial standards; however, these installation services are often offered through third parties that Wallbox does not control. The installation of charging products, particularly its charging stations, is generally subject to oversight and regulation in accordance with state and local laws and ordinances. Installations are subject to risks associated with cost overruns and delays. Third parties may improperly install Wallbox’s products, which may damage or break Wallbox products and give the
end-user
the perception the product is faulty and may adversely affect Wallbox’s brand, reputation and business. Wallbox’s business model is predicated on the presence of qualified and capable installation professionals in the new markets it intends to enter. There is no guarantee that there will be an adequate supply of such partners.
A shortage in the number of qualified contractors may impact the viability of the business plan, increase risks around the quality of works performed and increase costs if outside contractors are brought into a new market.
Negative publicity or product quality issues, whether real or perceived, could tarnish Wallbox’s reputation and its brand image. Failure to maintain, enhance and protect Wallbox’s brand image could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations. In addition, any failure to meet customer specifications could result in reduced net sales and income.
Wallbox is dependent on consumer adoption of its products. If Wallbox does not continue to offer a high quality product and user experience, its business, brand and reputation will suffer.
A failure or inability by Wallbox to meet customer specifications or consumer expectations could damage its reputation and adversely affect its ability to attract new business and result in delayed or lost sales. Wallbox’s ability to create, maintain, enhance and protect its brand image and reputation and consumers’ connection to its brand depends in part on its design and marketing efforts. Negative publicity or product quality issues, whether real or perceived, could tarnish Wallbox’s reputation and brand image. Failure to maintain, enhance and protect Wallbox’s brand image could have a material adverse effect on its results of operations. In addition, any failure to meet customer specifications could result in reduced revenues and increased net losses.
Computer malware, viruses, ransomware, hacking, phishing attacks and other network disruptions could result in security and privacy breaches, loss of proprietary information and interruption in service, which would harm Wallbox’s business.
Computer malware, viruses, physical or electronic
break-ins
and similar disruptions could lead to interruption and delays in Wallbox’s services and operations and loss, misuse or theft of data. Computer malware, viruses, ransomware, hacking, phishing attacks or denial of service, against online networks have become more prevalent and may occur on Wallbox’s systems. Any attempts by cyber attackers to disrupt Wallbox’s services or systems, if successful, could harm its business, introduce liability to data subjects, result in the misappropriation of funds, be expensive to remedy and damage its reputation or brand. Insurance may not be sufficient to cover significant expenses and losses related to cyber-attacks. Even with the security measures implemented by Wallbox, Wallbox’s facilities and systems, and those of Wallbox’s third-party service providers, could be vulnerable to security breaches, computer viruses, lost or misplaced data, programming errors, scams, burglary, human errors, acts of vandalism, or other events. Efforts to prevent cyber attackers from entering computer systems are expensive to implement, and Wallbox may not be able to cause the implementation or 16
enforcement of such preventions with respect to its third-party vendors. Though it is difficult to determine what, if any, harm may directly result from any specific interruption or attack, any failure to maintain performance, reliability, security and availability of systems and technical infrastructure may, in addition to other losses, harm Wallbox’s reputation, brand and ability to attract customers, even if such actions do not result in any actual security breach or loss of data.
There are several factors ranging from human error to data corruption that could materially impact the efficacy of any processes and procedures designed to enable Wallbox to recover from a disaster or catastrophe, including by lengthening the time services are partially or fully unavailable to customers and users. It may be difficult or impossible to perform some or all recovery steps and continue normal business operations due to the nature of a particular cyber-attack, disaster or catastrophe or other disruption, especially during peak periods, which could cause additional reputational damages, or loss of revenues, any of which would adversely affect its business and financial results.
Growing Wallbox’s customer base depends upon the effective operation of Wallbox’s mobile applications with mobile operating systems, networks and standards that are beyond its control.
Wallbox is dependent on the interoperability of its mobile applications with popular mobile operating systems that Wallbox does not control, such as Google’s Android and Apple’s iOS, and any changes in such systems that degrade Wallbox’s products’ functionality or give preferential treatment to competitive products could adversely affect the usage of Wallbox’s applications on mobile devices. Additionally, in order to deliver high quality mobile products, it is important that Wallbox’s products work well with a range of mobile technologies, systems, networks and standards that Wallbox does not control. Wallbox may not be successful in developing relationships with key participants in the mobile industry or in developing products that operate effectively with these technologies, systems, networks or standards.
In addition, a significant portion of Wallbox’s software platform depends on its interest in and partnership with Electromaps, an electromobility and EV charging management platform. Wallbox is dependent on Electromaps for a portion of its revenues and to build consumer awareness of its brand and products. Widespread adoption of charging payment mobile platforms or other charging solutions as a competitor with, or an alternative to, Electromaps may negatively impact its business, operating results and financial condition. In order to execute on its business model, Electromaps will need to develop a network of operators of charging stations with integrated payment infrastructure and generate sufficient downloads of its mobile application to take advantage of network effects.
Disruption of operations, including as a result of natural disasters, at Wallbox’s manufacturing sites or those of third-party suppliers could prevent Wallbox from filling customer orders on a timely basis and adversely affect its reputation and results of operations.
Events beyond Wallbox’s control could have an adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Disruption to Wallbox’s platform resulting from natural disasters, political events, war, terrorism, pandemics or other reasons could impair its ability to continue to provide its products and services. Similarly, disruptions in the operations of its key third-parties, such as data centers, servers or other technology providers, could have a material adverse effect on its business. If any of these events were to occur, Wallbox’s business, results of operations, or financial condition could be adversely affected.
Wallbox’s business is significantly dependent on its ability to meet labor needs, and Wallbox may be subject to work stoppages at its facilities or at the facilities of its supply and manufacturing partners, which could negatively impact the profitability of Wallbox’s business.
The success of Wallbox’s business depends significantly on its ability to hire and retain quality employees, including at its manufacturing and distribution facilities, many of whom are skilled. Wallbox may be unable to
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meet its labor needs and control its costs due to external factors such as the availability of a sufficient number of qualified persons in the workforce of the markets in which it operates, unemployment levels, demand for certain labor expertise, prevailing wage rates, wage inflation, changing demographics, health and other insurance costs, adoption of new or revised employment and labor laws and regulations, and the impacts of
man-made
or natural disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and the COVID-19
pandemic. Should Wallbox fail to increase its wages competitively in response to increasing wage rates, the quality of its workforce could decline. Any increase in the cost of labor could have an adverse effect on Wallbox’s operating costs, financial condition and results of operations. If Wallbox is unable to hire and retain skilled employees, its business could be materially adversely affected. If Wallbox’s employees or the employees of its manufacturing and supply partners were to engage in a strike, work stoppage or other slowdown in the future, it could experience a significant disruption of its operations, which could interfere with its ability to deliver products on a timely basis and could have other negative effects, such as decreased productivity and increased labor costs. Any interruption in the delivery of Wallbox’s products could reduce demand for its products and could have a material adverse effect on Wallbox.
Wallbox may have to initiate product recalls or withdrawals or may be subject to litigation or regulatory enforcement actions and/or incur material product liability claims, which could increase its costs and harm Wallbox’s brand, reputation and adversely affect its business.
As a manufacturer, marketer and retailer, Wallbox may initiate product recalls or withdrawals, or may be subject to seizures, product liability or other litigation claims and adverse public relations if its products are defective or alleged to cause injury, or if Wallbox is alleged to have violated governmental regulations in the manufacture, sale or distribution of any products, whether caused by it or someone in its manufacturing or supply chain. Wallbox also offers warranties on many of its products which may result in additional payments in the future if its products prove to be defective.
A product recall, withdrawal or seizure could result in destruction of product inventory and inventory
write-off,
negative publicity, temporary facility closings for Wallbox or its contract manufacturers or OEMs, supply chain interruption, fines, substantial and unexpected expenditures, which would reduce operating profit and cash flow. In addition, a product recall, withdrawal or seizure may require significant management attention. Product recalls may materially and adversely affect consumer confidence in Wallbox’s brands, hurt the value of its brands and lead to decreased demand for its products and decline in price charged for its products. Product recalls, withdrawals or seizures also may lead to increased scrutiny by federal, state or international regulatory agencies of Wallbox’s operations and increased litigation and could have a material adverse effect on its business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Wallbox may be subject to various product liability claims, particularly as it expands in the United States. Any such product liability claims may also include allegations of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the product, negligence, strict liability, or a breach of warranties. Claims could also be asserted under state consumer protection laws. If Wallbox cannot successfully defend itself against product liability claims, it may incur substantial liabilities or be required to limit commercialization of its existing products. Even successful defense would require significant financial and management resources. In addition, Wallbox’s inability to obtain or maintain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost or to otherwise protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the development and commercial production and sale of its products, which could adversely affect its business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
Wallbox is subject to extensive environmental, health and safety laws and regulations which, if not met, could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition and results of operations.
Wallbox and its operations, as well as those of Wallbox’s contractors, suppliers, and customers, are subject to certain environmental laws and regulations, including laws related to the use, handling, storage, transportation,
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and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes as well as electronic wastes and hardware, whether hazardous or not. These laws may require Wallbox or others in Wallbox’s value chain to obtain permits and comply with procedures that impose various restrictions and obligations that may have material effects on Wallbox’s operations. If key permits and approvals cannot be obtained on acceptable terms, or if other operational requirements cannot be met in a manner satisfactory for Wallbox’s operations or on a timeline that meets Wallbox’s commercial obligations, it may adversely impact its business.
Throughout the world, electrical appliances are subject to various mandatory and voluntary standards, including requirements in some jurisdictions, including the United States, that products be listed by Underwriters’ Laboratories, Inc. or other similar recognized laboratories. In the United States, Wallbox is required to undergo certification and testing of compliance with UL standards, as well as other national and industry specific standards. Wallbox endeavors to have its products designed to meet the certification requirements of, and to be certified in, each of the jurisdictions in which they are sold. Compliance with such certifications could be costly and if Wallbox or its products were to fail to comply with any such certifications, it could be limited in its ability to sell and market its products, which would have a material adverse effect on its business financial condition and results of operations.
Environmental and health and safety laws and regulations can be complex and may be subject to change, such as through new requirements enacted at the supranational, national,
sub-national,
and/or local level or new or modified regulations that may be implemented under existing law. The nature and extent of any changes in these laws, rules, regulations and permits may be unpredictable and may have material effects on Wallbox’s business. Future legislation and regulations or changes in existing legislation and regulations, or interpretations thereof, including those relating to hardware manufacturing, electronic waste, or batteries, could cause additional expenditures, restrictions and delays in connection with Wallbox’s operations as well as other future projects, the extent of which cannot be predicted. California may adopt more stringent regulation for DC fast charging by 2024. Further, Wallbox currently relies on third parties to ensure compliance with certain environmental laws, including those related to the disposal of hazardous and
non-hazardous
wastes. Wallbox generally does not manufacture the components of its charging products. Rather, its employees and contractors engage in assembly of charging products at its facilities primarily using components manufactured by OEMs. Nonetheless, any failure to properly handle or dispose of wastes, regardless of whether such failure is Wallbox’s or its contractors, may result in liability under environmental laws in the United States, including, but not limited to, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) and state analogs, under which liability may be imposed without regard to fault or degree of contribution for the investigation and clean-up
of contaminated sites, as well as impacts to human health and damages to natural resources. Wallbox may also generate or dispose of solid wastes, which may include hazardous wastes that are subject to the requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”), and comparable state statutes. While RCRA regulates both solid and hazardous wastes, it imposes strict requirements on the generation, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of hazardous wastes. Certain components of Wallbox’s chargers may be excluded from RCRA’s hazardous waste regulations, provided certain requirements are met. However, if these components do not meet all of the established requirements for the exclusion, or if the requirements for the exclusion change, Wallbox may be required to treat such products as hazardous waste, which are subject to more rigorous and costly disposal requirements. Any such changes in the laws and regulations, or Wallbox’s ability to qualify the materials it uses for exclusions under such laws and regulations, could adversely affect Wallbox’s operating expenses. Additionally, Wallbox may not be able to secure contracts with third parties to continue their key supply chain and disposal services for its business, which may result in increased costs for compliance with environmental laws and regulations. 19
Wallbox has a significant presence in international markets and plans to continue to expand its international operations, which exposes it to a number of risks that could affect its future growth.
Expansion into new international markets requires additional management attention and resources in order to tailor Wallbox’s solutions to the unique aspects of each country. In addition, Wallbox faces the following additional risks associated with Wallbox’s expansion into international locations:
| • | challenges caused by distance, language and cultural differences; |
| • | longer payment cycles in some countries; |
| • | credit risk and higher levels of payment fraud; |
| • | compliance with applicable foreign laws and regulations, including laws and regulations with respect to privacy, consumer protection, spam and content, and the risk of penalties to Wallbox’s customers and individual members of management if its practices are deemed to be out of compliance; |
| • | compliance with changing energy, electrical, and power regulations; |
| • | unique or different market dynamics or business practices; |
| • | currency exchange rate fluctuations; |
| • | foreign exchange controls; |
| • | political and economic instability and export restrictions; |
| • | potentially adverse tax consequences; and |
| • | higher costs associated with doing business internationally. |
These risks could harm Wallbox’s international expansion efforts, which could have a materially adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.
Joint ventures that Wallbox is party to or that Wallbox enters into, including its joint venture in China, present a number of challenges that could have a material adverse effect on its business, operating results and financial condition.
Wallbox has entered into joint ventures, including Wallbox’s FAWSN JV in China. These transactions typically involve a number of risks and present financial, managerial and operational challenges, including the existence of unknown potential disputes, liabilities or contingencies that arise after entering into the joint venture related to the counterparties to such joint ventures, with whom it shares control. Wallbox could experience financial or other setbacks if transactions encounter unanticipated problems due to challenges, including problems related to execution or integration. In some cases, Wallbox’s joint venture partner may have a contractual commitment to provide funding to the joint venture, although Wallbox does not have assurances that they will satisfy such obligations. With respect to Wallbox’s JV in China, economic uncertainty in China could also cause delays or make financing of operations more difficult. Any of these risks could reduce Wallbox’s revenues or increase Wallbox’s expenses, which could adversely affect Wallbox’s results of operations and cash flows.
Sustained uncertainty about, or worsening of, current global economic conditions and further escalation of trade tensions between the U.S. and its trading partners, especially China, could result in a global economic slowdown and long-term changes to global trade, including retaliatory trade restrictions that could further restrict Wallbox’s ability to operate in China. The Chinese economic, legal, and political landscape also differs from other countries in many respects, including the level of government involvement and regulation, control of foreign exchange and allocation of resources and uncertainty regarding the enforceability and scope of protection for intellectual property rights. The laws, regulations and legal requirements in China are also subject to frequent changes and the exact obligations under and enforcement of laws and regulations are often subject to unpublished
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internal government interpretations and policies which makes it challenging to ascertain compliance with such laws. For example, the current government-imposed lockdown in Shanghai could result in a delay in our receipt of certain raw materials and components, as well as delays in customer deliveries.
Wallbox has acquired businesses and may acquire other businesses and/or companies, which could require significant management attention, disrupt its business, dilute shareholder value, and adversely affect its results of operations.
As part of Wallbox’s business strategy, it has made and may make future investments in or acquisitions of complementary companies, products or technologies. These activities involve significant risks to its business. Wallbox may not be able to find suitable acquisition candidates, and it may not be able to complete such acquisitions on favorable terms, if at all. If Wallbox does complete acquisitions, they may not ultimately strengthen its competitive position. Any acquisitions Wallbox completes could be viewed negatively by its partners and clients, which could have an adverse impact on its business. In addition, if Wallbox is unsuccessful at integrating employees or technologies acquired, its financial condition and results of operations, including revenue growth, could be adversely affected. Any acquisition and subsequent integration will require significant time and resources. Wallbox may not be able to successfully evaluate and use the acquired technology or employees, or otherwise manage the acquisition and integration processes successfully. Wallbox will be required to pay cash, incur debt and/or issue equity securities to pay for any such acquisition, each of which could adversely affect its financial condition. Wallbox’s use of cash to pay for acquisitions would limit other potential uses of its cash, including investments in sales and marketing and product development organizations, and in infrastructure to support scalability. The issuance or sale of equity or convertible debt securities to finance any such acquisitions would result in dilution to shareholders. If Wallbox incurs debt, it would result in increased fixed obligations and could also impose covenants or other restrictions that could impede its ability to manage its operations.
Wallbox’s results of operations may fluctuate due to variability in its revenues.
Wallbox’s results may fluctuate in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond its control.
In addition to the other risks described herein, the following factors could also cause Wallbox’s results of operations to fluctuate:
| • | the timing and volume of new sales; |
| • | fluctuations in costs; |
| • | the timing of new product rollouts; |
| • | weaker than anticipated demand for charging products and stations, whether due to changes in government incentives and policies or due to other conditions; |
| • | fluctuations in sales and marketing, business development or research and development expenses; |
| • | supply chain interruptions and manufacturing or delivery delays; |
| • | the timing and availability of new products relative to customers’ and investors’ expectations; |
| • | the impact of COVID-19 on Wallbox’s workforce, or those of its customers, suppliers, vendors or business partners; |
| • | disruptions in sales, production, service or other business activities or Wallbox’s inability to attract and retain qualified personnel; |
| • | unanticipated changes in federal, state, local, or foreign government incentive programs, which can affect demand for EVs; and |
| • | seasonal fluctuations in EV purchases. |
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Fluctuations in operating results and cash flow could, among other things, give rise to short-term liquidity issues. In addition, revenue, and other operating results may fall short of the expectations of investors and financial analysts, which could have an adverse effect on the price of Class A Shares.
Exchange rate fluctuations between the Euro and other currencies may negatively affect Wallbox’s earnings.
Wallbox currently has sales denominated in currencies other than the Euro. Any fluctuation in the exchange rates of these foreign currencies could negatively impact its business, financial condition and results of operations. Wallbox has not previously engaged in foreign currency hedging. If Wallbox decides to hedge its foreign currency exposure, it may not be able to hedge effectively due to lack of experience, unreasonable costs or illiquid markets. In addition, those activities may be limited in the protection they provide Wallbox from foreign currency fluctuations and can themselves result in losses.
Wallbox and other group companies may be significantly impacted by changes in tax laws and regulations or their interpretation.
Governments in the various jurisdictions in which Wallbox and other group companies are established and/ or operate continue to review, reform and modify tax laws, regulations, treaties, interpretations, policy initiatives and tax authority practices, and how we are treated for tax purposes is subject to changes. We are unable to predict whether a tax reform may be proposed or enacted in the future (including with retroactive effect) or whether such changes would have a significant impact on our business, but such changes could result in material changes to the taxes that we are required to provide for and pay in various jurisdictions.
When tax laws and regulations change, or when new tax laws and regulations are introduced and implemented, such changes or new laws and regulations may be unclear in certain respects and could be subject to further potential amendments and technical corrections, and may be subject to interpretations and implementing regulations by the relevant governmental authorities, any of which could mitigate or increase certain adverse effects of the tax changes or of the new tax laws and regulations. Existing tax laws and regulations could also be interpreted or applied in a manner adverse to Wallbox or other group companies.
We have incurred and are likely to continue incurring significant tax losses, the use of which may be limited under Spanish and other tax laws, and may be further limited in the future in case of changes in the applicable tax laws or their interpretation by the competent tax authorities. Similarly, we expect to obtain future tax savings from tax credits generated in Spain and in other jurisdictions we operate, and such tax losses and credits may eventually be rendered unavailable should a change in tax laws (or in their interpretation) take place. In particular, we are entitled to a significant amount of tax credits with respect to R&D costs under Spanish tax laws. We expect to be able to use such R&D tax credits in future fiscal years to reduce our cash tax liabilities. If the Spanish tax laws and regulations with respect to such R&D credits change in a manner that is detrimental to our position (e.g. by limiting the amount of tax credits that may be applied in a given fiscal year, by amending the criteria currently used to assess the amount of tax credits that may be claimed, or even by derogating the current tax regime), our overall tax expenses may increase. Any increase in our tax expenses due to a forfeiture, limitation or
non-availability
of tax losses and credits could have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We may also be subject to reviews or audits by tax authorities in the various jurisdictions in which we operate, and although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, if the applicable taxing authorities disagree with the positions taken on our tax returns or if they deem us not be otherwise compliant with all applicable tax laws and regulations, tax authorities may carry out enforcement actions against us. Enforcement actions may be administrative, civil or criminal in nature, and could result in litigation, payments of additional taxes, penalties, interest or other sanctions. Any such
non-compliance
with applicable tax laws and regulations and their consequences to us may impact our operations, or even our ability to operate in such jurisdictions, and may adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. 22
We are subject to the FCPA and other anti-corruption laws, as well as export control laws, import and customs laws, trade and economic sanctions laws and other laws governing our international operations.
We are subject to the FCPA and other anti-bribery laws in countries where we conduct activities, including the U.K. Bribery Act 2010 (“Bribery Act”). These laws generally prohibit companies their employees, and third-party intermediaries acting on their behalf from promising, authorizing, offering, or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments of anything of value to government officials, political parties, and private-sector recipients for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business, directing business to any person, or securing any improper advantage. In addition, the FCPA requires U.S. issuers to maintain books and records that accurately and fairly represent their transactions and to implement a system of internal accounting controls. Other anti-corruption laws, including the Bribery Act, prohibit commercial bribery of private parties as well as the acceptance of bribes. We operate a global business and may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or state-owned or government controlled entities, including in jurisdictions that pose a heightened risk of anti-corruption violations, and we may participate in relationships with third parties whose conduct could potentially subject us to liability under the FCPA other anti-corruption laws, even if we do not explicitly authorize or have actual knowledge of such activities.
We are also subject to other laws and regulations governing our international operations, including regulations administered by the governments of the U.S., U.K. and authorities in the European Union and its member states, including applicable export control regulations, economic sanctions and embargoes on certain countries, regions, and persons, import and customs requirements, collectively referred to as the Trade Control laws. Trade Control Laws are often the subject of frequent change and compliance with these laws regarding the import and export of our products may create delays in the introduction of our products in international markets, and, in some cases, prevent the export of our products to some countries altogether.
We have implemented an anti-corruption compliance program, including policies and procedures designed to promote compliance with anti-bribery and Trade Control Laws. However, we cannot provide assurance that our internal controls and compliance systems will always protect us from liability for acts committed by employees, agents or business partners. If we are not in compliance these laws, we may be subject to criminal and civil fines and penalties, disgorgement, injunctions, debarment from debarment from government contracts, collateral litigation, as well as other sanctions and remedial measures. These consequences could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. Likewise, any investigation of potential violations of these laws could also have an adverse impact on our reputation, our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, responding to any enforcement action may result in a significant diversion of management’s attention and resources and significant defense costs and other professional fees.
The ongoing military action between Russia and Ukraine could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
On February 24, 2022, Russian military forces launched a military action in Ukraine, and sustained conflict and disruption in the region is likely. Although the length, impact and outcome of the ongoing military conflict in Ukraine is highly unpredictable, this conflict could lead to significant market and other disruptions, including significant volatility in commodity prices and supply of energy resources, instability in financial markets, supply chain interruptions, political and social instability, changes in consumer or purchaser preferences as well as increase in cyberattacks and espionage.
Russia’s recognition of two separatist republics in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine and subsequent military action against Ukraine have led to an unprecedented expansion of sanction programs imposed by the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Canada, Switzerland, Japan and other countries against Russia, Belarus, the Crimea Region of Ukraine, the
so-called
Donetsk People’s Republic and the so-called
Luhansk People’s Republic, including, among others: | • | blocking sanctions against some of the largest state-owned and private Russian financial institutions (and their subsequent removal from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication |
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| (“SWIFT”) payment system) and certain Russian businesses, some of which have significant financial and trade ties to the European Union; |
| • | blocking sanctions against Russian and Belarusian individuals, including the Russian President, other politicians and those with government connections or involved in Russian military activities; and |
| • | blocking of Russia’s foreign currency reserves as well as expansion of sectoral sanctions and export and trade restrictions, limitations on investments and access to capital markets and bans on various Russian imports. |
The situation is rapidly evolving as a result of the conflict in Ukraine, and the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom and other countries may implement additional sanctions, export controls or other measures against Russia, Belarus and other countries, regions, officials, individuals or industries in the respective territories. Such sanctions and other measures, as well as the existing and potential further responses from Russia or other countries to such sanctions, tensions and military actions, could adversely affect the global economy and financial markets and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our operations could be particularly vulnerable to potential interruptions in the supply of certain critical materials, such as nickel, palladium, semiconductors, and wire harnesses, which are used in assembly of automobiles and/or the assembly of our chargers. Any interruption to the delivery or the availability of these materials could significantly impact our ability to conduct our operations.
Prior to the war, in 2021, we had net sales of €18.4 thousand in Ukraine and Russia. As a result, of the conflict in Ukraine, we stopped selling our products in Russia and Ukraine. Although the effect of our total net sales is insignificant, the extent, length and impact of the ongoing military conflict are highly unpredictable, and could cause additional disruptions to our business in the region.
We are actively monitoring the situation in Ukraine and assessing its impact on our business, including our business partners and customers. To date we have not experienced any material interruptions in our infrastructure, supplies, technology systems or networks needed to support our operations. We have no way to predict the progress or outcome of the conflict in Ukraine or its impacts in Ukraine, Russia or Belarus as the conflict, and any resulting government reactions, are rapidly developing and beyond our control. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions could be significant and could potentially have substantial impact on the global economy and our business for an unknown period of time. Any of the abovementioned factors could affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Any such disruptions may also magnify the impact of other risks described in this Annual Report.
Our business may be affected by sanctions, export controls and similar measures targeting Russia and other countries and territories as well as other responses to Russia’s military conflict in Ukraine
As a result of Russia’s military conflict in Ukraine, governmental authorities in the United States, the European Union and the United Kingdom, among others, launched an expansion of coordinated sanctions and export control measures, including:
| • | blocking sanctions on some of the largest state-owned and private Russian financial institutions (and their subsequent removal from SWIFT); |
| • | blocking sanctions against Russian and Belarusian individuals, including the Russian President, other politicians and those with government connections or involved in Russian military activities; |
| • | blocking sanctions against certain Russian businessmen and their businesses, some of which have significant financial and trade ties to the European Union; |
| • | blocking of Russia’s foreign currency reserves and prohibition on secondary trading in Russian sovereign debt and certain transactions with the Russian Central Bank, National Wealth Fund and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation; |
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| • | expansion of sectoral sanctions in various sectors of the Russian and Belarusian economies and the defense sector; |
| • | United Kingdom sanctions introducing restrictions on providing loans to, and dealing in securities issued by, persons connected with Russia; |
| • | restrictions on access to the financial and capital markets in the European Union, as well as prohibitions on aircraft leasing operations; |
| • | sanctions prohibiting most commercial activities of U.S. and EU persons in Crimea and Sevastopol; |
| • | enhanced export controls and trade sanctions targeting Russia’s imports of technological goods as a whole, including tighter controls on exports and reexports of dual-use items, stricter licensing policy with respect to issuing export licenses, and/or increased use of “end-use” controls to block or impose licensing requirements on exports, as well as higher import tariffs and a prohibition on exporting luxury goods to Russia and Belarus; |
| • | closure of airspace to Russian aircraft; and |
| • | ban on imports of Russian oil, liquefied natural gas and coal to the United States. |
As the conflict in Ukraine continues, there can be no certainty regarding whether the governmental authorities in the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom or other counties will impose additional sanctions, export controls or other measures targeting Russia, Belarus or other territories. Furthermore, in retaliation against new international sanctions and as part of measures to stabilize and support the volatile Russian financial and currency markets, the Russian authorities also imposed significant currency control measures aimed at restricting the outflow of foreign currency and capital from Russia, imposed various restrictions on transacting with
non-Russian
parties, banned exports of various products and other economic and financial restrictions. Our business must be conducted in compliance with applicable economic and trade sanctions laws and regulations. We must be ready to comply with the existing and any other potential additional measures imposed in connection with the conflict in Ukraine. The imposition of such measures could adversely impact our business, including preventing us from performing existing contracts, recognizing revenue, pursuing new business opportunities or receiving payment for products already supplied or services already performed with customers.
Risks Related to Wallbox’s Technology, Intellectual Property and Infrastructure
Wallbox may need to defend against intellectual property infringement or misappropriation claims, which may be time-consuming and expensive, and its business could be adversely affected.
From time to time, the holders of intellectual property rights may assert their rights and urge Wallbox to take licenses, and/or may bring suits alleging infringement or misappropriation of such rights. There can be no assurance that Wallbox will be able to mitigate the risk of potential suits or other legal demands by competitors or other third parties. Accordingly, Wallbox may consider entering into licensing agreements with respect to such rights, although no assurance can be given that such licenses can be obtained on acceptable terms or that litigation will not occur, and such licenses and associated litigation could significantly increase Wallbox’s operating expenses. In addition, if Wallbox is determined to have or believes there is a high likelihood that it has infringed upon or misappropriated a third party’s intellectual property rights, it may be required to cease making, selling or incorporating certain key components or intellectual property into the products and services it offers, to pay substantial damages and/or royalties, to redesign its products and services, and/or to establish and maintain alternative branding. In addition, to the extent that Wallbox’s customers and business partners become the subject of any allegation or claim regarding the infringement or misappropriation of intellectual property rights related to Wallbox’s products and services, Wallbox may be required to indemnify such customers and business partners. The scope of these indemnity obligations varies, but may, in some instances, include indemnification
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for damages and expenses, including attorneys’ fees. Even if Wallbox is not a party to any litigation between a customer or business partner and a third party relating to infringement by its products, an adverse outcome in any such litigation could make it more difficult for Wallbox to defend its products against intellectual property infringement claims in any subsequent litigation in which it is a named party. If Wallbox were required to take one or more such actions, its business, prospects, brand, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, any litigation or claims, whether or not valid, could result in substantial costs, negative publicity, reputational harm and diversion of resources and management attention.
Wallbox’s business may be adversely affected if it is unable to obtain patents or otherwise protect its technology and intellectual property from unauthorized use by third parties.
Wallbox’s success depends, at least in part, on Wallbox’s ability to protect its core technology and intellectual property. To accomplish this, Wallbox relies on, and plans to continue relying on, a combination of trade secrets (including
know-how),
employee and third-party nondisclosure agreements, copyright, trademarks, intellectual property licenses and other contractual rights to retain ownership of, and protect, its technology. As of December 31, 2021, Wallbox had two European patents and two pending international patent applications. Failure to adequately protect its technology and intellectual property could result in competitors offering similar products, potentially resulting in the loss of some of Wallbox’s competitive advantage and a decrease in revenue which would adversely affect its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. The measures Wallbox takes to protect its technology intellectual property from unauthorized use by others may not be effective for various reasons, including the following:
| • | the scope of any issued patents that may result from the pending patent application may not be broad enough to protect proprietary rights; |
| • | the costs associated with enforcing patents, trademarks, confidentiality and invention agreements or other intellectual property rights may make enforcement impracticable; |
| • | current and future competitors may circumvent patents or independently develop similar inventions, trade secrets or works of authorship, such as software; |
| • | know-how and other proprietary information Wallbox purports to hold as a trade secret may not qualify as a trade secret under applicable laws; and |
| • | proprietary designs and technology embodied in Wallbox’s products may be discoverable by third parties through means that do not constitute violations of applicable laws. |
Intellectual property and trade secret laws vary significantly throughout the world. Some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. Further, policing the unauthorized use of its intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions may be costly, difficult or even impossible. Therefore, Wallbox’s intellectual property rights may not be as strong or as easily enforced outside of the United States.
Any issued patent which may result from the pending patent application may come to be considered “standards essential.” If this is the case, it may be required to license certain technology on “fair, reasonable and
non-discriminatory”
terms, decreasing revenue. Further, competitors, vendors, or customers may, in certain instances, be free to create variations or derivative works of Wallbox technology and intellectual property, and those derivative works may become directly competitive with Wallbox’s offerings. Finally, Wallbox may not be able to leverage, or obtain ownership of, all technology and intellectual property developed by Wallbox’s vendors in connection with design and manufacture of Wallbox’s products, thereby jeopardizing Wallbox’s ability to obtain a competitive advantage over its competitors. 26
The EV industry is new and evolving as are the standards governing EV charging and the current lack of industry standards could result in future incompatibilities and issues that could require significant resources and or time to remedy.
The EV industry is new and evolving as are the standards governing EV charging which have not had the benefit of time-tested use cases. These immature industry standards could result in future incompatibilities and issues that could require significant resources and or time to remedy. Utilities and other large market participants also mandate their own adoption of specifications that have not become widely adopted in the industry, which may hinder innovation or slow new product or new feature introduction.
In addition, automobile manufacturers may choose to develop and promulgate their own proprietary charging standards and systems, which could lock out competition for EV chargers, or may produce proprietary chargers that compete with our chargers. Such automobile manufacturers may use their size and market position to influence the market, which could limit Wallbox’s market and reach to customers, negatively impacting its business.
Further, should regulatory bodies later impose a standard that is not compatible with Wallbox’s infrastructure or products, it may incur significant costs to adapt its business model to the new regulatory standard, which may require significant time and expense and, as a result, may have a material adverse effect on its revenues or results of operations.
Wallbox’s technology, or the technology of Electromaps, could have undetected defects, errors or bugs in hardware or software which could reduce market adoption, damage its reputation with current or prospective customers, and/or expose it to product liability and other claims that could materially and adversely affect its business.
Wallbox may be subject to claims that chargers have malfunctioned and persons were injured or purported to be injured due to latent defects. Any insurance that Wallbox carries may not be sufficient or it may not apply to all situations. Similarly, to the extent that such malfunctions are related to components obtained from third-party vendors, such vendors may not assume responsibility for such malfunctions. Any of these events could adversely affect Wallbox’s brand, reputation, operating results or financial condition.
Wallbox’s software platform is complex and includes a number of licensed third-party commercial and open-source software libraries. Wallbox’s software may contain latent defects or errors that may be difficult to detect and remediate. Wallbox is continuing to evolve the features and functionality of its platform through updates and enhancements, and as it does, it may introduce additional defects or errors that may not be detected until after deployment to customers. In addition, if Wallbox’s products and services, including any updates or patches, are not implemented or used correctly or as intended, inadequate performance and disruptions in service may result.
Any defects or errors in product or services offerings, or the perception of such defects or errors, or other performance problems could result in any of the following, each of which could adversely affect Wallbox’s business and results of its operations:
| • | expenditure of significant financial and product development resources, including recalls, in efforts to analyze, correct, eliminate or work around errors or defects; |
| • | loss of existing or potential customers or partners; |
| • | interruptions or delays in sales; |
| • | equipment replacements; |
| • | delayed or lost revenue; |
| • | delay or failure to attain market acceptance; |
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| • | delay in the development or release of new functionality or improvements; |
| • | negative publicity and reputational harm; |
| • | warranties, sales credits or refunds; |
| • | exposure of confidential or proprietary information; |
| • | diversion of development and customer service resources; |
| • | breach of warranty claims; |
| • | legal claims under applicable laws, rules and regulations; and |
| • | the expense and risk of litigation. |
Wallbox also faces the risk that any contractual protections it seeks to include in its agreements with customers are rejected, not implemented uniformly or may not fully or effectively protect from claims by customers, reseller, business partners or other third parties. In addition, any insurance coverage or indemnification obligations of suppliers for the benefit of Wallbox may not adequately cover all such claims, or cover only a portion of such claims. A successful product liability, warranty, or other similar claim could have an adverse effect on Wallbox’s business, operating results, and financial condition. In addition, even claims that ultimately are unsuccessful could result in expenditure of funds in litigation, divert management’s time and other resources and cause reputational harm.
Interruptions, delays in service, communications outages or inability to increase capacity at third-party data center facilities could impair the use or functionality of Wallbox’s subscription services, harm its business and subject it to liability.
Wallbox currently serves customers from third-party data center facilities operated by Amazon Web Services as well as others. Wallbox services are housed in third-party data. Any outage or failure of such data centers could negatively affect Wallbox’s product connectivity and performance. Wallbox’s primary environments are operated by Amazon, and any interruptions of these primary and backup data centers could negatively affect Wallbox’s product connectivity and performance. Any incident affecting a data center facility’s infrastructure or operations, whether caused by fire, flood, storm, earthquake, power loss, telecommunications failures, breach of security protocols, computer viruses and disabling devices, failure of access control mechanisms, natural disasters, war, criminal act, military actions, terrorist attacks and other similar events could negatively affect the use, functionality or availability of Wallbox’s services.
Any damage to, or failure of, Wallbox’s systems, or those of its third-party providers, could interrupt or hinder the use or functionality of its services. Impairment of or interruptions in Wallbox’s services may reduce revenue, subject it to claims and litigation, cause customers to terminate their subscriptions, and adversely affect renewal rates and its ability to attract new customers. Wallbox’s business will also be harmed if customers and potential customers believe its products and services are unreliable.
The EV charging market is characterized by rapid technological change, which requires Wallbox to continue to develop new products and product innovations. Any delays in such development could adversely affect market adoption of its products and Wallbox’s financial results.
Continuing technological changes in battery and other EV technologies could adversely affect adoption of current EV charging technology, continuing and increasing reliance on EV charging infrastructure and/or the use of Wallbox’s products and services. Wallbox’s future success will depend in part upon its ability to develop and introduce a variety of new capabilities and innovations to its existing product offerings, as well as introduce a variety of new product offerings to address the changing needs of the EV charging market.
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As EV technologies change, Wallbox may need to upgrade or adapt its charger technology and introduce new products and services in order to serve vehicles that have the latest technology, in particular battery technology, which could involve substantial costs. Even if Wallbox is able to keep pace with changes in technology and develop new products and services, its research and development expenses could increase, its gross margins could be adversely affected in some periods and its prior products could become obsolete more quickly than expected.
Wallbox cannot guarantee that any new products will be released in a timely manner, or at all, or achieve market acceptance. Delays in delivering new products that meet customer requirements could damage Wallbox’s relationships with customers and lead them to seek alternative products or services. Delays in introducing products and innovations or the failure to offer innovative products or services at competitive prices may cause existing and potential customers to use Wallbox’s competitors’ products or services.
If Wallbox is unable to devote adequate resources to develop products or cannot otherwise successfully develop products or services that meet customer requirements on a timely basis or that remain competitive with technological alternatives, its products and services could lose market share, its revenue will decline, it may experience higher operating losses and its business and prospects will be adversely affected.
Wallbox expects to incur research and development costs and devote significant resources to developing new products, which could significantly reduce its profitability.
Wallbox’s future growth depends on penetrating new markets, adapting existing products to new applications and customer requirements, and introducing new products that achieve market acceptance. Wallbox plans to incur significant research and development costs in the future as part of its efforts to design, develop, manufacture and introduce new products and enhance existing products. Further, Wallbox’s research and development program may not produce successful results, and its new products may not achieve market acceptance, create additional revenue or become profitable.
Wallbox may be unable to leverage customer data in all geographic locations, and this limitation may impact research and development operations.
Wallbox relies on data collected through its mobile application. Wallbox uses this data in connection with, among other things, determining the placement for its charging stations. Wallbox’s inability to obtain necessary rights to use this data or freely transfer this data could result in delays or otherwise negatively impact Wallbox’s research and development and expansion efforts and limit Wallbox’s ability to derive revenues from
value-add
customer products and services. Wallbox is subject to governmental regulation and other legal obligations related to privacy, data protection and information security and may be subject to governmental enforcement actions, litigation, fines and penalties or adverse publicity if it is unable to comply with such obligations.
State and local governments and agencies in the jurisdictions in which Wallbox operates, and in which customers operate, have adopted, are considering adopting, or may adopt laws and regulations regarding the collection, use, storage, processing, and disclosure of information regarding consumers and other individuals, which could impact its ability to offer services in certain jurisdictions. Laws and regulations relating to the collection, use, disclosure, security, and other processing of individuals’ information can vary significantly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. The costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations relating to privacy, data protection, and information security are significant. In addition, some companies, particularly larger enterprises, often will not contract with vendors that do not meet these rigorous standards. Accordingly, the failure, or perceived inability, to comply with these laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations may limit the use and adoption of Wallbox’s products and services, reduce overall demand, lead to regulatory investigations, litigation, and significant fines, penalties, or liabilities for
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actual or alleged noncompliance, or slow the pace at which Wallbox closes sales transactions, any of which could harm its business. Moreover, if Wallbox or any of its employees or contractors fail or are believed to fail to adhere to appropriate practices regarding customers’ data, it may damage its reputation and brand.
Additionally, existing laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations may be interpreted in new and differing manners in the future, and may be inconsistent among jurisdictions. Future laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations, and changes in the interpretation of existing laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations could result in increased regulation, increased costs of compliance and penalties for
non-compliance,
and limitations on data collection, use, disclosure, and transfer for Wallbox and its customers. Further, California adopted the California Consumer Privacy Protection Act (“CCPA”) and the California State Attorney General has begun enforcement actions. Further, on November 3, 2020, California voters approved the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”). The costs of compliance with, and other burdens imposed by, laws and regulations relating to privacy, data protection, and information security that are applicable to the businesses of customers may adversely affect ability and willingness to process, handle, store, use, and transmit certain types of information, such as demographic and other personal information. In addition to government activity, privacy advocacy groups, the technology industry, and other industries have established or may establish various new, additional, or different self-regulatory standards that may place additional burdens on technology companies. Customers may expect that Wallbox will meet voluntary certifications or adhere to other standards established by them or third parties. If Wallbox is unable to maintain these certifications or meet these standards, it could reduce demand for its solutions and adversely affect its business.
Wallbox relies on the Apple App Store and the Google Play Store to offer and promote its apps. If such platform providers change their terms and conditions to Wallbox’s detriment, Wallbox’s business may be adversely affected.
The Apple App Store and the Google Play Store are the primary distribution, marketing, promotion and payment platforms for Wallbox’s apps, including myWallbox and Electromaps. Any deterioration in Wallbox’s relationship with Google or Apple could harm its business and adversely affect the value of Wallbox’s shares.
Wallbox is subject to these platforms’ standard terms and conditions for app developers, which govern the promotion, distribution and operation of apps. These platforms have policies governing, for example, treatment of virtual credits and gifts, use of user data, personal and sensitive information and advertising identifiers, as well as ones relating to advertising (including deceptive, disruptive and inappropriate ads) and interference with app and device functionality. Each platform has broad discretion to change and interpret its terms of service and other policies with respect to Wallbox and those changes may be unfavorable to Wallbox. A platform provider may also change its fee structure, add fees associated with access to and use of its platform, alter how Wallbox is able to advertise on the platform, change how the personal information of its users is made available to app developers on the platform or limit the use of personal information for advertising purposes. Wallbox’s business could be harmed if a platform provider modifies its current terms of service or other policies, including fees, in a manner adverse to it.
If Wallbox violates, or if a platform provider believes it has violated, these terms and conditions (or if there is any change or deterioration in its relationship with these platform providers), the particular platform provider may discontinue or limit Wallbox’s access to that platform, which could prevent Wallbox from making its apps available to or otherwise from serving its mobile customers. Any limit or discontinuation of Wallbox’s access to any platform could adversely affect its business, financial condition or results of operations.
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Risks Related to Being a Public Company
Wallbox’s management team has limited experience managing a public company.
Some members of Wallbox’s management team have limited experience managing a publicly traded company, interacting with public company investors, and complying with the increasingly complex laws, rules and regulations that govern public companies. As a public company, we are subject to significant obligations relating to reporting, procedures and internal controls, and Wallbox’s management team may not successfully or efficiently manage such obligations. These obligations and scrutiny will require significant attention from Wallbox’s management and could divert their attention away from the management of Wallbox’s business, which could adversely affect Wallbox’s business, financial condition and results of operations.
day-to-day
Wallbox will continue to incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and Wallbox’s management will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives and corporate governance practices.
As a public company, we incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the listing requirements of the NYSE and other applicable securities rules and regulations impose various requirements on public companies, including establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and corporate governance practices. Our management and other personnel continue to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, these rules and regulations will continue to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and will make some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, we expect that these rules and regulations may make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board.
We cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs. These rules and regulations are often subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices.
We are required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which will require management to certify financial and other information in our annual reports and provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of control over financial reporting. Though we will be required to disclose material changes in internal control over financial reporting on an annual basis, we will not be required to make our first annual assessment of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 until the year following our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC. To achieve compliance with Section 404 within the prescribed period, we will be engaged in a process to document and evaluate our internal control over financial reporting, which is both costly and challenging. In this regard, we will need to continue to dedicate internal resources, potentially engage outside consultants and adopt a detailed work plan to assess and document the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting, continue steps to improve control processes as appropriate, validate through testing that controls are functioning as documented and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting.
We currently have limited accounting personnel and we have begun the process of evaluating the adequacy of our accounting personnel staffing level and other matters related to our internal control over financial reporting. Despite our efforts, there is a risk that we will not be able to conclude, within the prescribed timeframe or at all, that our internal control over financial reporting is effective as required by Section 404. We have identified material weaknesses in the past and if we identify one or more material weaknesses in the future, it could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements. As a result, the market price of Wallbox’s shares could be negatively affected, and we could
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become subject to litigation including shareholder suits or investigations by the stock exchange on which our securities are listed, the SEC or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources.
Wallbox identified material weaknesses in connection with its internal control over financial reporting. Wallbox’s efforts to remediate these material weaknesses may not be successful in a timely manner, or at all, and Wallbox may identify other material weaknesses.
In connection with the audits of Wallbox’s consolidated financial statements for each of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021, included elsewhere in this Annual Report, Wallbox’s management and independent registered public accounting firm identified material weaknesses in Wallbox’s internal control over financial reporting. The material weaknesses related to: (i) insufficient personnel in the finance team with an appropriate level of knowledge and experience in the application of International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the IASB, relating to both complex accounting transactions, such as accounting for the Transaction and related listing expenses, share-based payments and also in the application of other IFRS matters such as goodwill impairment testing and purchase price allocation; (ii) IT general controls have not been sufficiently designed or were not operating effectively, and (iii) policies and procedures with respect to the review, supervision and monitoring of the accounting and reporting functions were not operating effectively. As a result, a number of significant adjustments to Wallbox’s consolidated financial statements for each of the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2021 were identified and made during the course of the audit.
Wallbox is currently not required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and is, therefore not required to make an assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting. Further, Wallbox’s independent registered public accounting firm has not been engaged to express, nor have they expressed, an opinion on the effectiveness of Wallbox’s internal control over financial reporting. We are currently in the process of remediating these material weaknesses and we are taking steps that we believe will address their underlying causes. We have enlisted the help of external advisors to provide assistance in the areas of internal controls and IFRS accounting in the short term, and are evaluating the longer-term resource needs of our accounting staff, including GAAP expertise. These remediation measures may be time-consuming and costly, and might place significant demands on our financial, accounting and operational resources. In addition, there is no assurance that we will be successful in hiring any necessary finance and accounting personnel in a timely manner, or at all.
Assessing Wallbox’s procedures to improve its internal control over financial reporting is an ongoing process. Any material weaknesses Wallbox identifies will be assessed and remediated by implementing the proper operating control. Detective and preventive internal controls are being designed by external advisors and implemented by Wallbox’s experienced new hires. Wallbox can provide no assurance that its remediation efforts described herein will be successful and that Wallbox will not have material weaknesses in the future. Any material weaknesses Wallbox identifies could result in an adverse reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of Wallbox’s consolidated financial statements.
It is possible that Wallbox’s internal control over financial reporting is not effective because it cannot detect or prevent material errors at a reasonable level of assurance. Wallbox’s past or future financial statements may not be accurate and Wallbox may not be able to timely report its financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect investor confidence in Wallbox and the price of Class A Shares.
As a private company, Wallbox has not been required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting in a manner that meets the standards of publicly traded companies required by Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes Oxley Act, or Section 404. As a public company, Wallbox will have significant requirements for enhanced financial reporting and internal controls. The process of designing, implementing, testing and maintaining effective internal controls is a continuous effort that will require us to anticipate and react to changes in our business and the economic and regulatory environments. In this regard, we will need to continue to dedicate internal resources, potentially engage outside consultants, adopt a detailed work plan to assess and
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document the adequacy of internal control over financial reporting, continue steps to improve control processes as appropriate, validate through testing whether such controls are functioning as documented, and implement a continuous reporting and improvement process for internal control over financial reporting.
It is possible that our internal control over financial reporting is not effective because it cannot detect or prevent material errors at a reasonable level of assurance. If we are unable to establish or maintain appropriate internal financial reporting controls and procedures, it could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations on a timely basis, result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements and adversely affect our operating results. In addition, we will be required, pursuant to Section 404, to furnish a report by our management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in the second annual report filed with the SEC. This assessment will need to include disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting. The rules governing the standards that must be met for our management to assess our internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation and testing. Testing and maintaining internal controls may divert our management’s attention from other matters that are important to our business. In addition, pursuant to Section 404, we will be required to include in the annual reports that we file with the SEC an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting issued by our independent registered public accounting firm.
Furthermore, as a public company, we may, during the course of our testing of our internal controls over financial reporting, or during the subsequent testing by our independent registered public accounting firm, identify deficiencies which would have to be remediated to satisfy the SEC rules for certification of our internal controls over financial reporting. As a consequence, we may have to disclose in periodic reports we file with the SEC significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in our system of internal controls. The existence of a material weakness would preclude management from concluding that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective, and would preclude our independent auditors from issuing an unqualified opinion that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective. In addition, disclosures of this type in our SEC reports could cause investors to lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reporting and may negatively affect the trading price of Class A Shares, and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by regulatory authorities. Moreover, effective internal controls are necessary to produce reliable financial reports and to prevent fraud. If we have deficiencies in our disclosure controls and procedures or internal controls over financial reporting, it could negatively impact our business, results of operations and reputation.
Wallbox’s failure to timely and effectively implement controls and procedures required by Section 404(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on its business.
Following the consummation of the Business Combination, Wallbox is required to provide management’s attestation on internal controls, however we have a transition period established by rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission for newly public companies. The standards required for a public company under Section 404(a) of the SOX are significantly more stringent than those required of Wallbox as a privately-held company. Management may not be able to effectively and timely implement controls and procedures that adequately respond to the increased regulatory compliance and reporting requirements that will be applicable after the Business Combination. If Wallbox is not able to implement the additional requirements of Section 404(a) in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, it may not be able to assess whether its internal controls over financial reporting are effective, which may subject it to adverse regulatory consequences and could harm investor confidence and the market price of its securities.
Risks Related to Class A Shares
The market price of Class A Shares may be volatile, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
The market price of Class A Shares could be highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially as a result of many factors, including:
| • | actual or anticipated fluctuations in Wallbox’s results of operations; |
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| • | variance in Wallbox’s financial performance from the expectations of market analysts or others; |
| • | announcements by Wallbox or Wallbox’s competitors of significant business developments, changes in significant customers, acquisitions or expansion plans; |
| • | Wallbox’s involvement in litigation; |
| • | Wallbox’s sale of Shares or other securities in the future; |
| • | market conditions in Wallbox’s industry; |
| • | changes in key personnel; |
| • | the trading volume of Wallbox’s Class A Shares; |
| • | changes in the estimation of the future size and growth rate of Wallbox’s markets; and |
| • | general economic, industry and market conditions, including, for example, the effects of recession or slow economic growth in the U.S. and abroad, interest rates, fuel prices, international currency fluctuations, corruption, political instability, acts of war, including the Russia/Ukraine conflict and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic or other public health crises. |
In addition, the stock markets have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of Class A Shares, regardless of Wallbox’s operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against that company. If Wallbox was involved in any similar litigation, Wallbox could incur substantial costs and Wallbox’s management’s attention and resources could be diverted.
An active trading market for s Class A Shares may not be sustained to provide adequate liquidity.
An active trading market may not be sustained for Class A Shares. The lack of an active market may impair your ability to sell your shares at the time you wish to sell them or at a price that you consider reasonable. An inactive market may also impair Wallbox’s ability to raise capital by selling Shares and may impair Wallbox’s ability to acquire other companies by using Wallbox’s shares as consideration.
The market price of s Class A Shares could be negatively affected by future sales of Shares.
Sales by Wallbox or Wallbox’s shareholders of a substantial number of Shares, the issuance of Shares as consideration for acquisitions, or the perception that these sales might occur, could cause the market price of Class A Shares to decline or could impair Wallbox’s ability to raise capital through a future sale of, or pay for acquisitions using, Wallbox’s equity securities.
Wallbox does not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.
Wallbox has never declared or paid any dividends on the Shares. Wallbox does not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Wallbox currently intends to retain future earnings, if any, to finance operations and expand their business.
The Board may determine which part of the profits shall be reserved, with due observance of Wallbox’s policy on reserves and dividends. The general meeting of Wallbox may resolve to distribute any part of the profits remaining after reservation. If the Board decides to make a part of the profits available for distribution of dividends, the form, frequency and amount will depend upon Wallbox’s future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that Wallbox’s directors may deem relevant. In addition, the Dutch law imposes restrictions on Wallbox’s ability to declare and pay dividends. Payment of dividends may also be subject to Dutch withholding taxes.
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The number of issued Shares, additional issues of Shares and outstanding Warrants may fluctuate substantially, which could lead to adverse tax consequences for the holders thereof.
It may be that the number of issued and outstanding Shares and outstanding Warrants fluctuates substantially. This may have an impact on interests and certain thresholds that are relevant for investors’ tax purposes and positions, also dependent on their respective circumstances. The potential tax consequences in this regard could potentially be material, and therefore, investors should seek their own tax advice with respect to the tax consequences in connection with the acquisition, ownership and disposal of the Shares and/or Warrants.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about Wallbox’s business, or if they issue an adverse or misleading opinion regarding Class A Shares, the market price and trading volume of Class A Shares could decline.
The trading market for Class A Shares can be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about Wallbox or Wallbox’s business. If industry analysts cease coverage of Wallbox, the trading price for Class A Shares would be negatively impacted. If any of the analysts who cover Wallbox issue an adverse or misleading opinion regarding Wallbox, Wallbox’s business model, Wallbox’s intellectual property or Wallbox’s stock performance, or if Wallbox’s results of operations fail to meet the expectations of analysts, Wallbox’s stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of Wallbox or fail to publish reports on Wallbox regularly, Wallbox could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause Wallbox’s stock price or trading volume to decline.
The dual class structure of Shares has the effect of concentrating voting control with certain shareholders of Wallbox and limiting its other shareholders’ ability to influence corporate matters and could discourage others from pursuing any change of control transactions that holders of Class A Shares may view as beneficial.
Class B Shares have ten (10) votes per share, while Class A Shares have one (1) vote per share. Wallbox’s
co-founders,
Enric Asunción Escorsa and Eduard Castañeda, own all of the Class B Shares and collectively control approximately 62% of the voting power of Wallbox’s capital stock. Even though Wallbox’s co-founders
are not party to any agreement that requires them to vote together, they may have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to your interests. This concentrated control may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change in control of Wallbox, could deprive its shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their capital stock as part of a sale of Wallbox, and might ultimately affect the market price of shares of Class A Shares. We cannot predict whether Wallbox’s dual class structure will result in a lower or more volatile market price of Class A Shares or in adverse publicity or other adverse consequences. For example, certain index providers have announced restrictions on including companies with multiple-class share structures in certain of their indexes. S&P Dow Jones and FTSE Russell have announced changes to their eligibility criteria for inclusion of shares of public companies on certain indices, including the S&P 500, pursuant to which companies with multiple classes of shares of common stock are excluded. In addition, several stockholder advisory firms have announced their opposition to the use of multiple class structures. As a result, Wallbox’s dual class structure may cause stockholder advisory firms to publish negative commentary about Wallbox’s corporate governance practices or otherwise seek to cause Wallbox to change its capital structure. Any such exclusion from indices or any actions or publications by stockholder advisory firms critical of Wallbox’s corporate governance practices or capital structure could adversely affect the value and trading market of Class A Shares.
Wallbox is a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NYSE rules and is exempt from certain corporate governance requirements as a result.
Enric Asunción Escorsa and Eduard Castañeda together control a majority of the voting power of Wallbox’s outstanding common stock.
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As a result, Wallbox is a “controlled company” within the meaning of the corporate governance standards of NYSE. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including:
| • | the requirement that a majority of Wallbox’s board of directors consist of “independent directors” as defined under the rules of NYSE; |
| • | the requirement that Wallbox have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; |
| • | the requirement that Wallbox have a nominating and corporate governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and |
| • | the requirement for an annual performance evaluation of the compensation and nominating and corporate governance committees. |
Wallbox intends to utilize some or all of these exemptions. As a result, Wallbox’s nominating and corporate governance committee and compensation committee may not consist entirely of independent directors and such committees will not be subject to annual performance evaluations. Accordingly, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of NYSE.
Wallbox is a foreign private issuer and, as a result, Wallbox will not be subject to U.S. proxy rules and will be subject to Exchange Act reporting obligations that, to some extent, are more lenient and less frequent than those of a U.S. domestic public company.
Because Wallbox qualifies as a foreign private issuer under the Exchange Act, Wallbox is exempt from certain provisions of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. domestic public companies, including (1) the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act, (2) the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their share ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time and (3) the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form
10-Q
containing unaudited financial and other specified information. In addition, foreign private issuers are not required to file their annual report on Form 20-F
until 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, while U.S. domestic issuers that are accelerated filers are required to file their annual report on Form 10-K
within 75 days after the end of each fiscal year and U.S. domestic issuers that are large accelerated filers are required to file their annual report on Form 10-K
within 60 days after the end of each fiscal year. Foreign private issuers are also exempt from Regulation FD, which is intended to prevent issuers from making selective disclosures of material information. As a result of all of the above, you may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of a company that is not a foreign private issuer. As a foreign private issuer, and as permitted by the listing requirements of the NYSE, Wallbox follows certain home country governance practices rather than the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.
As a foreign private issuer, Wallbox has the option to follow certain home country corporate governance practices rather than those of the NYSE, provided that Wallbox discloses the requirements it is not following and describe the home country practices it is following. Wallbox intends to rely on this “foreign private issuer exemption” with respect to NYSE rules requiring shareholder approval. Wallbox may in the future elect to follow home country practices with regard to other matters. As a result, Wallbox’s shareholders may not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all NYSE corporate governance requirements.
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Wallbox may lose its foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses.
As discussed above, Wallbox is a foreign private issuer, and therefore, Wallbox is not required to comply with all of the periodic disclosure and current reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. The determination of foreign private issuer status is made annually on the last business day of an issuer’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and, accordingly, the next determination will be made with respect to Wallbox on June 30, 2022. In the future, Wallbox would lose its foreign private issuer status if (1) more than 50% of Wallbox’s outstanding voting securities are owned by U.S. residents and (2) a majority of Wallbox’s directors or executive officers are U.S. citizens or residents, or Wallbox fails to meet additional requirements necessary to avoid loss of foreign private issuer status. If Wallbox loses its foreign private issuer status, Wallbox will be required to file with the SEC periodic reports and registration statements on U.S. domestic issuer forms including financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. Wallbox will also have to mandatorily comply with U.S. federal proxy requirements, and Wallbox’s officers, directors, and principal shareholders will become subject to the short-swing profit disclosure and recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, Wallbox will lose its ability to rely upon exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements under the listing rules of the NYSE. As a U.S. listed public company that is not a foreign private issuer, Wallbox will incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses that Wallbox will not incur as a foreign private issuer.
Wallbox is an “emerging growth company” and you cannot be certain whether the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make Class A Shares less attractive to investors.
Wallbox is an emerging growth company (“EGC”) as defined in the JOBS Act, and it intends to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not EGCs, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Investors may find the common stock less attractive because Wallbox will continue to rely on these exemptions. If some investors find the common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for their common stock, and the stock price may be more volatile.
An EGC may elect to delay the adoption of new or revised accounting standards. With Wallbox making this election, Section 102(b)(2) of the JOBS Act allows Wallbox to delay adoption of new or revised accounting standards until those standards apply to
non-public
business entities. As a result, the financial statements contained herein and those that Wallbox will file in the future may not be comparable to companies that comply with public business entities revised accounting standards effective dates. As Wallbox is a holding company with no operations it relies on operating subsidiaries to provide it with funds necessary to meet its financial obligations.
Wallbox is a holding company that does not conduct any business operations of its own. As a result, Wallbox is largely dependent upon cash dividends and distributions and other transfers, including for dividends or payments in respect of any indebtedness Wallbox may incur, from our subsidiaries to meet its obligations. Any agreements governing the indebtedness of Wallbox’s subsidiaries may impose restrictions on its subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or other distributions to Wallbox. Each of Wallbox’s subsidiaries is a distinct legal entity, and under certain circumstances legal and contractual restrictions may limit Wallbox’s ability to obtain cash from such subsidiaries and Wallbox may be limited in its ability to cause any joint ventures to distribute their earnings to it. The deterioration of the earnings from, or other available assets of, Wallbox’s subsidiaries for any reason could also limit or impair their ability to pay dividends or other distributions to Wallbox.
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Investors may suffer adverse tax consequences in connection with the acquisition, ownership and disposal of the Shares and/or Public Warrants.
The tax consequences in connection with the acquisition, ownership and disposal of the Shares and/or Warrants may differ from the tax consequences in connection with the acquisition, ownership and disposal of securities in another entity and may also differ depending on such an investor’s respective circumstances including, without limitation, where such an investor is a tax resident. Any such tax consequences could be materially adverse to such an investor and also therefore, such an investor should seek its own tax advice in respect of the tax consequences in connection with acquisition, ownership and disposal of the Shares and/or Warrants.
Risks Relating to Wallbox’s Incorporation in the Netherlands
Wallbox is a public company with limited liability (naamloze vennootschap) incorporated under the laws of the Netherlands. The rights of Wallbox shareholders may be different from the rights of stockholders in companies governed by the laws of U.S. jurisdictions and may not protect investors in a similar fashion afforded by incorporation in a U.S. jurisdiction.
Wallbox is a public limited liability company incorporated under Dutch law. Wallbox’s corporate affairs are governed by our articles of association, internal rules and policies and by the laws governing companies incorporated in the Netherlands. The rights of shareholders may be different from the rights and obligations of shareholders in companies governed by the laws of U.S. jurisdictions. The role of the management board in a Dutch company is also materially different, and cannot be compared to, the role of a board of directors in a corporation incorporated in the United States. In the performance of their duties, our management board is required by Dutch law to consider the interests of our company and the sustainable success of its business, with an aim to creating long-term value, taking into account the interests of its shareholders, its employees and other stakeholders of the company, in all cases with due observation of the principles of reasonableness and fairness. It is possible that some of these parties will have interests that are different from, or in addition to, your interests as a shareholder.
Provisions of Dutch law and Wallbox’s amended and restated articles of association may delay, prevent or make undesirable an acquisition of all or a significant portion of Wallbox’s shares or assets.
Under Dutch law, various protective measures are possible and permissible within the boundaries set by Dutch law and Dutch case law, among which, in accordance with the DCGC, shareholders having the right to put an item on the agenda under the rules described above shall exercise such right only after consulting the Board in that respect. If one or more shareholders intend to request that an item be put on the agenda that may result in a change in Wallbox’s strategy (for example, the dismissal of Directors), the Board must be given the opportunity to invoke a reasonable period to respond to such intention. Such period shall not exceed 180 (hundred eighty) days (or such other period as may be stipulated for such purpose by Dutch law and/or the DCGC from time to time). If invoked, the Board must use such response period for further deliberation and constructive consultation, in any event with the shareholders(s) concerned, and must explore the alternatives. At the end of the response time, the Board must report on this consultation and the exploration of alternatives to the general meeting. The response period may be invoked only once for any given general meeting and shall not apply: (a) in respect of a matter for which a response period has been previously invoked; or (b) if a shareholder holds at least 75% of Wallbox’s issued share capital as a consequence of a successful public bid. The response period may also be invoked in response to shareholders or others with meeting rights under Dutch law requesting that a General Meeting be convened, as described above.
Pursuant to Dutch law, one or more shareholders and/or other persons with meeting rights under Dutch law who individually or jointly represent at least 10% (ten percent) of Wallbox’s issued share capital, may request the Board to convene a General Meeting setting out in detail the matters to be discussed. If the Board has not taken the steps necessary to ensure that such meeting can be held within 6 (six) weeks after the request, the requesting
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shareholder(s) and or other persons with meeting rights may at their request be authorized by the competent Dutch court in preliminary relief proceedings to convene a General Meeting. The court shall refuse the application if it does not appear that the applicant(s) has/have previously requested the Board to convene a General Meeting and the Board has not taken the necessary steps so that the General Meeting could be held within 6 (six) weeks after the request. Such a request to the Board is subject to certain additional requirements. Additionally, the applicant must have a reasonable interest in the meeting being held.
Further thereto, on 1 May 2021, a bill came into force that introduces a statutory
cooling-off
period of up to 250 days during which the General Meeting would not be able to dismiss, suspend or appoint members of the Board (or amend the provisions in the Articles of Association governing these matters) unless these matters were proposed by the Board. This cooling-off
period could be invoked by the Board in the event: | • | shareholders, using either their shareholder proposal right or their right to request a General Meeting, propose an agenda item for the General Meeting to dismiss, suspend or appoint a Director (or to amend any provision in the Articles of Association dealing with those matters); or |
| • | a public offer for has been announced or made without agreement having been reached with on such offer, |
provided, in each case, that in the opinion of the Board such proposal or offer materially conflicts with the interests of and its business.
The
cooling-off
period, if invoked, ends upon the earliest of the following events: the expiration of 250 days from:
| • | in case of shareholders using their shareholder proposal right, the day after the deadline for making such proposal for the next General Meeting has expired; |
| • | in case of Shareholders using their right to request a General Meeting, the day when they obtain court authorization to do so; or |
| • | in case of a public offer as described above being made without agreement having been reached with on such offer, the first following day; |
the day after a public offer without agreement having been reached with Wallbox on such offer, having been declared unconditional; or
| • | the Board deciding to end the cooling-off period earlier. |
In addition, one or more shareholders that may (jointly) exercise the shareholder proposal right at the time that the ) of the Amsterdam Court of Appeals () for early termination of the
cooling-off
period is invoked, may request the Enterprise Chamber (Ondernemingskamer
Gerechtshof Amsterdam
cooling-off
period. The Enterprise Chamber must rule in favor of the request if the shareholders can demonstrate that: | • | the Board, in light of the circumstances at hand when the cooling-off period was invoked, could not reasonably have come to the conclusion that the relevant shareholder proposal or hostile offer constituted a material conflict with the interests of and its business; |
| • | the Board cannot reasonably believe that a continuation of the cooling-off period would contribute to careful policy-making; |
| • | if other defensive measures, having the same purpose, nature and scope as the cooling-off period, have been activated during the cooling-off period and are not terminated or suspended at the relevant shareholders’ written request within a reasonable period following the request (i.e., no ‘stacking’ of defensive measures). |
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During the
cooling-off
period, if invoked, the Board must gather all relevant information necessary for a careful decision-making process. In this context, the Board must at least consult with shareholders representing at least 3% of Wallbox’s issued share capital at the time the cooling-off
period was invoked and with the Wallbox’s works council (if applicable). Formal statements expressed by these stakeholders during such consultations must be published on Wallbox’s website to the extent these stakeholders have approved that publication. Ultimately one week following the last day of the
cooling-off
period, the Board must publish a report in respect of its policy and conduct of affairs during the cooling-off
period on the Wallbox website. This report must also remain available for inspection by Wallbox’s shareholders and others with meeting rights under Dutch law at Wallbox’s office and must be tabled for discussion at the next general meeting. Finally, in this respect, certain provisions of the Articles of Association may also make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire control of Wallbox or effect a change in the composition of the Board, including that suspension or dismissal of directors other than at the proposal of the Board will require a
two-thirds
majority of the votes cast, representing more than one half of the issued capital of Wallbox. Shareholders may not be able to participate in future issues of Shares.
Under Dutch law, the General Meeting is authorized to issue Shares or to grant rights to subscribe for Shares and to restrict and/or exclude statutory
pre-emptive
rights in relation to the issuance of Shares or the granting of rights to subscribe for Shares. The General Meeting may designate the Board competent to issue Shares (or grant rights to subscribe for Shares) and to determine the issue price and other conditions of the issue for a specified period not exceeding five years (which period can be extended from time to time for further periods not exceeding five years) and, for a period of 5 years commencing on the date of completion of the Business Combination, the Board has been irrevocably authorized to issue Shares (and to grant rights to subscribe for Shares). Further thereto, each shareholder has a
pre-emptive
right in proportion to the aggregate amount of its Shares upon the issuance of Shares (or the granting of rights to subscribe for Shares). This pre-emptive
right does not apply to: (i) Shares issued to employees of Wallbox or a group company of Wallbox as referred to in Section 2:24b Dutch Civil Code, (ii) Shares that are issued against payment other than in cash; and (iii) Shares issued to a person exercising a previously granted right to subscribe for Shares. The
pre-emptive
rights in respect of newly issued Shares or the granting of rights to subscribe for Shares may be restricted or excluded by a resolution of the general meeting of Wallbox. Pre-emptive
rights may also be limited or excluded by a resolution of the Board if the Board has been designated thereto by the general meeting of Wallbox for a specific period and with due observance of applicable statutory provisions, and the Board has also been designated to issue Shares. A resolution of the general meeting of Wallbox to limit or exclude pre-emptive
rights or a resolution to designate the Board thereto, can only be adopted at the proposal of the Board, and requires a majority of at least two-thirds
of the votes cast, if less than half of the issued share capital of Wallbox is present or represented at the general meeting. Unless otherwise stipulated at its grant the designation may not be withdrawn. If the resolution of the general meeting of Wallbox to issue Shares or to designate the authority to issue Shares to the Board is detrimental to the rights of holders of a specific class of Shares, the validity of such resolution of the general meeting of Wallbox requires a prior or simultaneous approval by the group of holders of such class of Shares.
For a period of 5 years commencing on the date of completion of the Business Combination, the Board has been irrevocably authorized to limit or exclude
pre-emptive
rights in respect of Shares. 40
Wallbox is not obligated to and may not comply (but will then explain such
non-compliance)
with all the best practice provisions of the Dutch Corporate Governance Code. This may affect your rights as a shareholder. Wallbox will be subject to the DGCG. The DCGC contains both principles and best practice provisions on corporate governance that regulate relations between the management board and the general meeting of shareholders and matters in respect of financial reporting, auditors, disclosure, compliance and enforcement standards. The DCGC is based on a “comply or explain” principle. Accordingly, companies are required to disclose in their annual reports (which are filed in the Netherlands) whether they comply with the provisions of the DCGC. If they do not comply with those provisions (for example, because of a conflicting NYSE requirement), the company is required to give the reasons for such noncompliance. The DCGC applies to Dutch companies listed on a regulated Market in the EU or a comparable other system, such as the NYSE.
Wallbox acknowledges the importance of good corporate governance. However, Wallbox does not comply with all the provisions of the DCGC, to a large extent because such provisions conflict with or are inconsistent with the corporate governance rules of the NYSE and U.S. securities laws, or because Wallbox believes such provisions do not reflect customary practices of global companies listed on the NYSE. Any such noncompliance may affect your rights as a shareholder, and you may not have the same level of protection as a shareholder in a Dutch company that fully complies with the DCGC.
Wallbox is organized and existing under the laws of the Netherlands, and, as such, the rights of shareholders and the civil liability of Wallbox’s directors and executive officers will be governed in certain respects by the laws of the Netherlands. The ability of shareholders to bring actions or enforce judgments against Wallbox or its directors and executive officers may be limited. Claims of U.S. civil liabilities may not be enforceable against Wallbox.
Wallbox is organized and existing under the laws of the Netherlands, and, as such, the rights of Wallbox’s shareholders and the civil liability of Wallbox’s directors and executive officers are governed in certain respects by the laws of the Netherlands. The ability of Wallbox’s shareholders in certain countries other than the Netherlands to bring an action against Wallbox, its directors and executive officers may be limited under applicable law. In addition, substantially all of Wallbox’s assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for shareholders to effect service of process within the United States upon Wallbox or its directors and executive officers or to enforce judgments against Wallbox or them in U.S. courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States. In addition, it is not clear whether a Dutch court would impose civil liability on Wallbox or any of its directors and executive officers in an original action based solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States brought in a court of competent jurisdiction in the Netherlands.
As of the date of this Annual Report, the United States and the Netherlands do not have a treaty providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments, other than arbitration awards, in civil and commercial matters. Accordingly, a judgment rendered by any federal or state court in the United States, whether or not predicated solely upon U.S. securities laws, would not automatically be recognized and enforced by the competent Dutch courts. However, if a person has obtained a final and conclusive judgment for the payment of money rendered by a court in the United States that is enforceable in the United States and files a claim with the competent Dutch court, the Dutch court will generally give binding effect to such foreign judgment insofar as it finds that (i) the jurisdiction of the U.S. court has been based on a ground of jurisdiction that is generally acceptable according to international standards, (ii) the judgment by the U.S. court was rendered in legal proceedings that comply with the Dutch standards of proper administration of justice including sufficient safeguards () and (iii) the judgment by the U.S. court is not incompatible with a decision rendered between the same parties by a Dutch court, or with a previous decision rendered between the same parties by a foreign court in a dispute that concerns the same subject and is based on the same cause, provided that the previous decision qualifies for acknowledgment in the Netherlands and except to the extent that the foreign judgment contravenes Dutch public policy ().
behoorlijke rechtspleging
openbare orde
41
Based on the lack of a treaty as described above, U.S. investors may not be able to enforce against Wallbox or its directors, representatives or certain experts named herein who are residents of the Netherlands or countries other than the United States any judgments obtained in U.S. courts in civil and commercial matters, including judgments under the U.S. federal securities laws.
Under the Articles of Association, and certain other contractual arrangements between Wallbox and its directors, Wallbox indemnifies and holds its directors harmless against all claims and suits brought against them, subject to limited exceptions. There is doubt, however, as to whether U.S. courts would enforce such indemnity provisions in an action brought against one of Wallbox’s Directors in the United States under U.S. securities laws.
Dutch, Spanish and European insolvency laws are substantially different from U.S. insolvency laws and may offer Wallbox shareholders less protection than they would have under U.S. insolvency laws.
Pursuant to European Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 20 May 2015, on insolvency proceedings, which forms part of both Dutch and Spanish insolvency laws, Spanish courts will have jurisdiction to entertain the main insolvency proceeding of a Dutch public limited liability company that, such as Wallbox, has its “centre of main interest” located in Spain. If Spanish courts declare the opening of the main insolvency proceeding of a Dutch public limited liability company, Dutch courts will have to recognize such declaration and Spanish insolvency law will apply, subject to the exceptions set forth under the European Regulation (EU) 2015/848, as interpreted by the Court of Justice of the European Union. Dutch courts could have jurisdiction to try a
non-main
insolvency proceeding following Wallbox’s operations in The Netherlands. Depending on the status of the declaration on insolvency in Spain, the Dutch insolvency proceeding would be secondary or autonomous. Under Spanish law, substantive consolidation is exceptional. As a result, if Wallbox was declared insolvent, it would likely not consolidate their assets and liabilities, subject to the coordination of both insolvency proceedings and the rules established for insolvency proceedings of members of a group of companies under the European Regulation (EU) 2015/848. Wallbox’s tax residency might change if the tax residency of dual resident entities is, in the new Dutch-Spanish Tax Treaty, determined by way of reaching mutual agreement.
Wallbox intends to be managed and operate so as to be treated exclusively as a resident of Spain for tax purposes as from its date of incorporation, on the basis that Wallbox has its place of effective management in Spain. As a result of its incorporation under Dutch law, Wallbox will however also remain a tax resident of the Netherlands for Dutch corporate income tax and dividend withholding tax purposes and, thus, will be considered tax resident in both the Netherlands and Spain (i.e. a
so-called
‘dual resident entity’). By virtue of the current convention between the government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the government of the Kingdom of Spain for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income and on capital (the “Dutch-Spanish Tax Treaty”), in such case Wallbox will be considered a resident for purposes of the Dutch-Spanish Tax Treaty in the country where Wallbox is effectively managed. As noted above, Wallbox expects to have its tax residency since its incorporation (and to maintain it afterwards) in Spain. The Dutch-Spanish Tax Treaty is currently being renegotiated and may include a provision pursuant to which the tax residency of dual resident entities is determined by way of the Netherlands and Spain reaching mutual agreement, in line with the criterion applied in the OECD-sponsored Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (“MLI”). The current Dutch-Spanish Tax Treaty is not a “Covered Tax Agreement” (as defined under the MLI) and it is therefore uncertain whether the Dutch and Spanish Tax Authorities may favor such an approach under the new Dutch-Spanish Tax Treaty. Such outcome can nevertheless not be ruled out. In such case, the competent authorities of the Netherlands and Spain would endeavor to determine by mutual agreement the sole tax residency of Wallbox. During the period in which a mutual agreement between both states is absent, Wallbox may not be entitled to any relief or exemption from tax provided by the new Dutch-Spanish Tax Treaty. During such period, there would also be a risk that both Spain and the Netherlands would levy dividend withholding tax on distributions by Wallbox, in addition to the risk of double taxation on the profits of Wallbox. 42
Both Spanish and Dutch dividend withholding tax may have to be withheld in case of distributions to unidentified Wallbox Shareholders.
As noted above under “,” Wallbox does not expect to distribute dividends in the foreseeable future. However, should that happen, the Netherlands will not — regardless of the fact that Wallbox is intended to be a tax resident of Spain on the grounds of its place of effective management — be prevented from levying Dutch dividend withholding tax if Wallbox distributes profits to Dutch resident shareholders and to
Risk Factors — Risks Related to Class
A Shares — Wallbox does not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future
non-Dutch
resident shareholders that have a permanent establishment in the Netherlands to which their respective shareholding is attributable. In order to avoid levying Dutch dividend withholding tax on such future dividend distributions, Wallbox may set up procedures to identify its shareholders, in order to assess whether there are Wallbox Shareholders in respect of which Dutch dividend withholding tax may have to be withheld. If the identification cannot be assessed upon the payment of a distribution, both Spanish and Dutch dividend withholding tax may have to be withheld on payments made to Wallbox Shareholders that fail to provide Wallbox, on a timely basis, with the information that may be required in order to prevent the applicability of Dutch dividend withholding taxes. Likewise, there is no guarantee that the procedure that Wallbox may put in place to identify its shareholders (which shall be required in order to assess the applicability of both Spanish and Dutch withholding taxes) will be fully effective. Risks Related to U.S. Federal Income Taxation
If Wallbox is a passive foreign investment company for United States federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, U.S. holders of Class A Shares could be subject to adverse United States federal income tax consequences.
If Wallbox is or becomes a “passive foreign investment company,” or a PFIC, within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code for any taxable year during which a U.S. holder holds Class A Shares or Public Warrants, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences may apply to such U.S. holder. A
non-U.S.
corporation, such as Wallbox, will be classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes for any taxable year in which, after applying certain look-through rules, either (i) 75% or more of its gross income for such year consists of certain types of “passive” income or (ii) 50% or more of the value of its assets (determined on the basis of a quarterly average) during such year produce or are held for the production of passive income. Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, royalties, rents, annuities, net gains from the sale or exchange of property producing such income and net foreign currency gains. Wallbox does not believe that it will be treated as a PFIC for its current taxable year and does not expect to become one in the near future. However, PFIC status depends on the composition of a company’s income and assets and the fair market value of its assets from time to time, as well as on the application of complex statutory and regulatory rules that are subject to potentially varying or changing interpretations. If Wallbox is treated as a PFIC, a U.S. holder of Class A Shares or Public Warrants may be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, such as taxation at the highest marginal ordinary income tax rates on capital gains and on certain actual or deemed distributions, interest charges on certain taxes treated as deferred, and additional reporting requirements. See Item 10. “” U.S. holders of Class A Shares and Public Warrants should consult with their tax advisors regarding the potential application of these rules.
Additional Information—Taxation—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences.
Item 4. |
Information on the Company |
A. History and Development of the Company
Corporate Information
Wall Box Chargers, S.L. was incorporated as a Spanish limited liability company () on May 22, 2015. Wallbox B.V. was incorporated as a Dutch private limited liability company (
sociedad limitada
besloten
43
vennootschap met beperkte aansprakelijkheid
On October 1, 2021 we closed the Business Combination pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement, dated as of June 9, 2021, as amended, by and among Wallbox B.V., Merger Sub, Kensington and Wallbox Chargers S.L. In connection with the closing of the Business Combination, we converted into a Dutch public limited liability company () and changed our legal name to Wallbox N.V. Our commercial name is “Wallbox.” In October 2021, we listed our shares and warrants on NYSE under the symbol “WBX” and “WBXWS” respectively.
naamloze vennootschap
On the Closing Date, (i) each outstanding Class A Share of Wallbox (including each such share resulting from the conversion of Wallbox’s convertible loans prior to the Closing by the noteholders thereof), and each outstanding Class B Ordinary Share was exchanged by means of a contribution in kind in exchange for the issuance of a number of Wallbox Class A Shares or Wallbox Class B Shares, as applicable, determined in each case by reference to an “Exchange Ratio,” calculated in accordance with the Business Combination Agreement, and (ii) each share of Kensington Class A Common Stock and Kensington Class B Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger (the “Merger Effective Time”) (other than certain customarily excluded shares) was converted into and become one share of new Kensington common stock, and each such share of new Kensington common stock was immediately thereafter exchanged by means of a contribution in kind in exchange for the issuance of Wallbox Class A Shares, whereby Wallbox issued one Wallbox Class A Share for each share of new Kensington common stock exchanged. All Wallbox shareholders, other than Enric Asunción Escorsa and Eduard Castañeda, received Wallbox Class A Shares in the exchange. Each of Enric Asunción Escorsa and Eduard Castañeda received class B ordinary shares in the share capital of Wallbox.
In connection with the foregoing and concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement and again on September 29, 2021, Kensington and Wallbox entered into the Subscription Agreements with the PIPE Investors, pursuant to which the PIPE Investors agreed to subscribe for, and Wallbox agreed to issue to such PIPE Investors, an aggregate of 11,100,000 Wallbox Class A Shares at $10.00 per share for gross proceeds of $111,000,000, also known as the PIPE Financing on the date on which the Closing occurs. The Wallbox Class A Shares issued pursuant to the Subscription Agreements have not been registered under the Securities Act in reliance upon the exemption provided in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. Wallbox has agreed to grant the PIPE Investors certain registration rights in connection with the PIPE Financing. The PIPE Financing was contingent upon, among other things, the closing of the Business Combination.
We are registered in the Commercial Register of the Netherlands Chamber of Commerce () under number 83012559. Our official seat () is in Amsterdam, the Netherlands and the mailing and business address of our principal executive office is Carrer del Foc 68, 08038 Barcelona, Spain. Our telephone number is +34 930 181 668. Our agent for service of process in the United States is:
Kamer van Koophandel
statutaire zetel
Wallbox USA Inc.
800 W. El Camino Real, Suite 180
Mountain View, CA 94040
Our website address is www.Wallbox.com. We may use our website as a means of disclosing material
non-public
information. Such disclosures will be included on our website in the “Investor Relations” section or at investors.wallbox.com. Accordingly, investors should monitor such sections of our website, in addition to following our press releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website does not constitute a part of this Annual Report and is not incorporated by reference herein. We have included our website address in thi Annual Report solely for informational purposes. Our SEC filings are available to you on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. This site contains reports and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The information on that website is not part of this Annual Report and is not incorporated by reference herein. 44
For a discussion of our principal capital expenditures and divestitures, refer to Item 5. “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Liquidity and Capital Resources,” Item 4. “Information on the Company — Property, Plant and Equipment” and Note 8, “, included within our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Property, plant and equipment”
B. Business Overview
Overview
Wallbox is a global leader in smart electric vehicle charging and energy management. Founded in 2015, Wallbox creates smart charging systems that combine innovative technology with outstanding design and that manage the communication between user, vehicle, grid, building and charger.
Wallbox’s mission is to facilitate the adoption of electric vehicles today to make more sustainable use of energy tomorrow. By designing, manufacturing, and distributing charging solutions for residential, business, and public use, Wallbox is laying the infrastructure required to meet the demands of mass electric vehicles (“EV”) ownership everywhere. Wallbox’s customer-centric approach to its holistic hardware, software, and service offering has allowed Wallbox to solve barriers to EV adoption today as well as anticipate opportunities soon to come. Wallbox is creating solutions that will not only allow for faster, simpler EV charging but that will also change the way the world uses energy.
Its smart charging product portfolio includes Level 2 alternating current (“AC”) chargers (“Pulsar Plus”, “Commander 2” and “Copper SB”) for home and business applications, and direct current (“”) fast chargers (“Supernova” and “Hypernova”) for public applications. The Company also offers the world’s first
DC
bi-directional
DC charger for the home (“Quasar”), which allows users to both charge their electric vehicle and use the energy from the car’s battery to power their home or business, or send stored energy back to the grid. The Company’s proprietary residential and business software (“myWallbox”) gives users and charge point owners complete control over their private charging and energy management activities. Meanwhile, Wallbox’s dedicated semi-public and public charging software platform, (“Electromaps”) enables drivers to locate and transact with all public charging stations registered to its brand-agnostic charger database and also allows charge point operators to manage their public charging stations at scale. As of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, Wallbox had offices across three continents and sold over 191,000 units across 98 countries. Its products are currently manufactured in Spain and China, with plans to add a U.S. manufacturing facility in Arlington, Texas in the second half of 2022. Through its vertically-integrated model, Wallbox keeps development cycles short, enabling an accelerated time to market. Furthermore, Wallbox’s compliance with complex certification requirements paired with its focus on engineering excellence is powering its rapid growth as the global supplier of first-class charging products.
For geographical and segmental revenue, see Item 5. “” and Note 7, , included within our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Segment Results
Operating Segments
Industry Overview / Market Opportunity
Electric Vehicles
Driven by a global focus on the energy transition and the decreasing manufacturing costs, the world of transportation is experiencing an accelerated shift towards electrification. According to the 2021 edition of the BNEF Electric Vehicle Outlook, on June 9, 2021, BNEF increased its projections of the EV fleet size by 2030 significantly from 116 million vehicles to 169 million vehicles; more than 14 times the current EV fleet size. Key drivers for this increase are various stakeholders’ responses to
COVID-19,
additional government support, further improvements of unit economics related to batteries, and more and more commitments from carmakers. Global passenger electric vehicle sales more than doubled in 2021 compared to 2020, reaching over 6.5 million”, which is expected to be surpassed in the near future as the demand for EVs continues to grow significantly. 45
Cumulative number of electric vehicles per region
Source: BNEF Electric Vehicle Outlook 2021
An important driver of car fleet electrification is the financial and legal support governments are providing for the deployment of EVs and charging infrastructure. Several countries are banning the sales of internal combustion engine (“ICE”) vehicles over the period from 2030 or 2035, stimulated notably by bonus-malus tax systems in numerous European countries to make EVs more affordable while charging higher tax rates on polluting ICE vehicles. Globally, there are regulatory support packages that will boost the sector significantly, including the European Green Deal — a stimulus package of at least EUR 1 trillion for investments in the climate-neutral and circular economy in Europe. Overall, these commitments should contribute significantly to the CO2 emission reduction goals as part of the Paris Agreement to cut emissions by at least 55% in Europe by 2030. In the United States, the Biden administration has committed $174 billion towards investments in EVs, consisting of sale rebates and tax incentives for consumers and grant and incentive programs for state and local governments to expand the charging infrastructure across the country significantly. Furthermore, according to state-owned media, China will invest up to $900 billion between 2021 and 2025 in the development of the power grids with a focus on EV charging and smart infrastructure.
Due to these drivers, Wallbox believes the global automotive industry is transforming and committing to rapidly invest in expansion of their EV offering range — more than 100 new models have been announced to hit the market by 2024 — while simultaneously being able to produce them at lower prices. Certain automakers, such as Jaguar, Volvo, and GM, aim to stop selling ICE vehicles by 2025, 2030, and 2035, respectively. This is induced, among other factors, by a similar development in the battery manufacturing industry, which is continuously competing to develop more efficient batteries at lower costs. By 2024, BNEF believes the price of
lithium-ion
battery packs will drop below $100 per kWh as a result of reduced costs, improvements in energy density and more efficient production. At this price point, EVs will be able to better compete with ICE vehicles, thus further advancing the demand. Regionally, the United States is behind Europe and China in terms of EV penetration, but is expected to accelerate quickly due to the improving unit economics of EVs, the high number of households with two or more vehicles and access to home charging, and the climate change initiatives of the Biden Administration. The EV uptake in the rest of the world will take longer due to limited policy support and
low-cost
ICE vehicles, but sales are expected by BNEF to grow rapidly in the 2030s. To get back on track for a net-zero
emission system by 2050 — an objective at the heart of the European Green Deal and in line with the Paris Agreement, International Energy Agency (“IEA”) forecasted that it would require zero-emission
vehicles to represent almost 60% of global new passenger vehicles sales by 2030. 46
EV Charging Infrastructure
To support this shift towards EVs, the global EV charging network will need to ramp up its capacity, presenting a significant, industry-wide market opportunity for EV charging infrastructure with a projected total addressable market (“TAM”) of $102 billion by 2030. The projected TAM, which was based on the 2021 version of the BNEF Electric Vehicle Outlook prior to BNEF increasing its projections of the EV fleet size, consists of charging hardware, installations, software, and energy management solutions. In total, we expect approximately 309 million chargers will be needed across the globe by 2040 to facilitate the mass adoption of EVs. This total will constitute over 270 million chargers designated for usage at home and workplace, 24 million chargers placed in strategic public locations, 12 million for workplaces, and over 4 million allocated for the global bus and trucking fleet. In order to reach this ambitious target, a cumulative investment of over $589 billion is forecasted to be required.
Home charging remains the largest charging segment, which is expected to make up 40% of total investment. Within the overall charging demand,
at-home
and at-work
will, according to BNEF account for 70% of all charging. We believe the public DC charging infrastructure will play an important role to facilitate long-distance driving, fleet charging, and semi-public charging. In the longer term, we anticipate most semi-public charging infrastructure will convert to 60-100kW
charge points and replace the slow AC chargers (7-22kW),
due to advancements and cost reductions in the technology. The movement is underpinned by the large share of total investment contributing to public fast charging infrastructure by 2040 — BNEF forecasts that public fast charging will be the second largest category, with almost half of the total investment, after home charging (40%). This will enable a faster and more convenient charging experience for EV drivers. Cumulative number of global charge points installed
Source: BNEF Electric Vehicle Outlook 2021
Due to the increasing demand for electricity and the goal to unburden the grid in an efficient and effective manner, additional energy storage could play a role in decentralizing the grid, helping to reduce peak rates and unbalanced loads. At the end of 2020, electric vehicles with a total battery capacity of 482 GWh, already had over 13 times more storage capacity than stationary grid-scale batteries installed globally. With an estimated energy capacity of 8,500 GWh stored in the batteries of EVs by 2030, smart charging solutions and
bi-directional
charging with the capabilities to support energy management at home and on the grid will play an essential role in the decentralization of the grid. V2G has the potential to become a major tool for grid operators in managing peak energy demand and vehicle to home has the potential to generate significant savings for individuals. IEA 47
forecasted in its EV Outlook 2020 that EVs could provide about 600 GW of flexible capacity through V2G applications during peak times across Europe, the US, and China by 2030.
We believe intelligent EV charging software will be the key enabler of smart charging and energy management solutions for homes, businesses, and fleets, utilizing and monetizing valuable data on charging behavior, vehicles, and the grid. Use cases where the electricity need is the highest, including commercial fleets and the destination charging segment (e.g., grocery stores, universities, and hotels), provide meaningful opportunity for smart charging and energy management software solutions, such as energy balancing, grid management, renewable energy integration, energy trading, and storage. In addition, we expect EV charging software will also play a fundamental role in the connectivity of and interoperability between charge points, ensuring a public network accessible to everybody along with the opportunity to connect the charge points in the field for energy management solutions.
The Wallbox Model
Since its inception, Wallbox has been progressively building a charging solutions ecosystem enabling users worldwide to seamlessly manage their energy needs through a combination of hardware, software, and service. During this journey, Wallbox has been closely following the EV user and catering to their needs.
The first phase of this journey started in 2016 with the launching of the Pulsar and Commander AC chargers. The company’s founders analyzed the EV charging market and saw an unserved demand for compact, smart, and efficient residential charging products, based on an estimated 70% charging happening at home. After providing the residential market these innovative AC chargers, Wallbox launched its complementary software, myWallbox, which enabled users to monitor in real time their EV charging status and program the charger to charge during
off-peak
hours permitting cost savings. In 2019, as EV’s started to become widely adopted and the demand for parking spaces with
EV-charging
solutions increased, Wallbox added the Copper charger to its AC charging portfolio and launched a second generation of its Pulsar and Commander chargers. This new generation of semi-public chargers included multi-user capabilities for fleets, offices, and condominiums, including: local load balancing, power sharing, security-locking and payment options for monthly individual invoices, amongst others. Also in 2019, Wallbox launched its first DC bidirectional charger, Quasar. Quasar enables users to make flexible use of the energy saved in the battery and discharge the EV battery during peak hours when energy costs are high, sell it back to the grid where regulations allow or discharge the energy stored in their vehicle to power their home during blackouts. Moreover, Quasar allows EV owners producing solar or other renewable energy to store that clean energy in their vehicle, when not being fully utilized by the home. Quasar is a compact, affordable and product that is revolutionizing home charging and energy management.
easy-to-use
Wallbox believes the demand for public charging will continue to grow with the overall increasing presence of EVs. As EVs become cheaper and therefore penetrate a broader customer demographic, including those who are less likely to own a private parking space, the need for public charging facilities will be further heightened. Wallbox aims to address this demand through the commercialization of its first DC fast charger for public use, Supernova. Supernova, which we first introduced in late 2020, is DC fast charger to be used in semi-public and public environments. The first generation version is designed to be able to charge at speeds of 60 kW and the second generation version is expected to be able to charge at speeds of 120 kW. Supernova offers an internal design intended to make it light and easy to install by integrating multiple elements of Wallbox’s bidirectional charger Quasar.
Expanding its product portfolio for the DC fast charging space, Wallbox announced its newest product, Hypernova at the IAA Mobility fair in 2021. Hypernova is designed to deliver up to 350 kW that allows it to fully charge an electric car in the time it takes to make a rest stop and make it substantially faster than most other
48
ultrafast chargers on the market. It also employs advanced software that allows it to optimize available power and adapt to the number of EVs connected, making it an ideal option for public charging along highways and transcontinental road networks.
Wallbox’s offering of public charging solutions is complemented through Electromaps, an online platform that enables users to find publicly available charging ports and pay for its use. The data obtained through this platform is highly valuable given it allows Wallbox to monitor public charging trends and analyze opportunities for the future deployment of Supernova.
Since 2015, Wallbox has been enhancing its hardware and software ecosystem, providing the EV charger user a full suite of EV charging solutions and energy management solutions, catalyzing the EV adoption and sustainable energy use. During these last 6 years, Wallbox has based its user-centric business model on the following five key pillars:
1. : Wallbox’s goal is to make every person feel confident and comfortable using a Wallbox product; therefore, even Wallbox’s most advanced technology is easy to use.
Make charging technology simple
2. : From embedded intelligence that balances the energy use between customer’s car and home, to breakthroughs in (“V2G”) and (“V2H”) energy management, Wallbox products bring together the best in EV charging technology.
Smart solutions
vehicle-to-grid
vehicle-to-home
3. : Innovation is at Wallbox’s core, focusing not just on customers’ needs today, but their needs in the future.
Innovative technology
4. : Wallbox believes that design is a necessity, not a luxury. A well-designed product makes for a better experience, and this is what Wallbox strives for across its entire product portfolio.
Design-centric solutions
5. : Wallbox equipment is compatible with all hybrid and electric car manufacturers across the globe, and Wallbox sells its products in countries across six continents.
Highly compatible charging solutions
This business model materializes into revenues through the: (i) sale of hardware (chargers & accessories); (ii) hardware installation services; and (iii) software services (subscription fees from businesses and fleets through myWallbox and commissions obtained from every charging transaction carried out through Electromaps).
Portfolio
Wallbox offers a broad range of EV charging hardware, software, and services to users in the home, business and public domains. All Wallbox chargers integrate intelligent software features, which positions the company as one of the smartest and most user-friendly solutions on the market. The company’s software platforms and allow users to seamlessly manage their energy and make EV charging a seamless, simple experience.
out-of-the-box
myWallbox
Electromaps
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