Vantage Drilling International Earnings 2019-06-30

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019

OR

For the transition period from              to             

Commission File Number: 333-212081

VANTAGE DRILLING INTERNATIONAL

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

c/o Vantage Energy Services, Inc.

777 Post Oak Boulevard, Suite 800

Houston, TX 77056

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (281) 404-4700

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.     ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ☐    No   ☒

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The number of Vantage Drilling International ordinary shares outstanding as of July 25, 2019 is 5,000,053 shares.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements are included throughout this Quarterly Report, including under “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” When used, statements which are not historical in nature, including those containing words such as “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “budget,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “would,” “will,” “future” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report.

These forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are based on assumptions and subject to risks and uncertainties. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.

Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the risks and uncertainties described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 14, 2019, “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Quarterly Report and the following:

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Many of these factors are beyond our ability to control or predict. Any, or a combination of these factors, could materially affect our future financial condition or results of operations and the ultimate accuracy of the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of our future performance, and our actual results and future developments may differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Management cautions against putting undue reliance on forward-looking statements or projecting any future results based on such statements or present or prior earnings levels.

In addition, each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of the particular statement, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements. We may not update these forward-looking statements, even if our situation changes in the future. All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified by these cautionary statements. Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements is contained from time to time in filings we may make with the SEC, which may be obtained by contacting us or the SEC. These filings are also available through our website at www.vantagedrilling.com or through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering and Analysis Retrieval system (EDGAR) at www.sec.gov. The contents of our website are not part of this Quarterly Report.

Unless the context indicates otherwise, all references to the “Company,” “Vantage,” “VDI,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer to Vantage Drilling International and its consolidated subsidiaries.

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Vantage Drilling International

Consolidated Balance Sheet

(In thousands, except share and par value information)

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Vantage Drilling International

Consolidated Statement of Operations

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Vantage Drilling International

Consolidated Statement of Shareholders’ Equity

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Vantage Drilling International

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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VANTAGE DRILLING INTERNATIONAL

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Organization and Recent Events

Vantage Drilling International, a Cayman Islands exempted company, is an international offshore drilling company focused on operating a fleet of modern, high specification drilling units. Our principal business is to contract drilling units, related equipment and work crews, primarily on a dayrate basis to drill oil and natural gas wells for our customers. Through our fleet of drilling units, we are a provider of offshore contract drilling services to major, national and independent oil and natural gas companies, focused on international markets. Additionally, for drilling units owned by others, we provide construction supervision services for rigs that are under construction, preservation management services for rigs that are stacked and operations and marketing services for operating rigs.

Joint Venture

On November 15, 2017, Vantage and ADES International Holding Ltd., the London-listed offshore and onshore provider of oil and gas drilling and production services in the Middle East and Africa (“ADES”), through their subsidiaries, entered into a Shareholders’ Agreement to form an entity named ADVantage Drilling Services SAE (“ADVantage”) to provide deepwater drilling services offshore of Egypt.  ADVantage, which is a joint venture owned 51% by Vantage and 49 % by ADES, commenced a drilling services contract with Dana Gas Egypt Limited in May 2019 (the “Dana Gas Contract”) to perform deepwater drilling services offshore of Egypt. The term of the Dana Gas Contract is for one well, with operations estimated to last 77 days, and Dana Gas Egypt Limited has the option to extend the term by up to three additional wells.

Drilling Services Contracts

On June 28, 2019, CPOC Malaysia, through Olio Energy SDN Bhd, exercised a 180-day contract option for our premium jackup, the Aquamarine Driller, to perform drilling services in the Malaysia-Thailand Joint Development Area.

Refinancing

On November 30, 2018, we issued $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 9.25% Senior Secured First Lien Notes due November 15, 2023 (the “9.25% First Lien Notes”) in a private placement at par. The proceeds of the issuance were used (i) to repay all obligations under the Company’s then-existing $143.0 million initial term loans (the “2016 Term Loan Facility”) in place in connection with the Company’s pre-packaged plan of reorganization (the “Reorganization Plan”) under Chapter 11 of Title 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, and to terminate the credit agreement governing such facility, (ii) to redeem all of the Company’s then-outstanding 10% Senior Secured Second Lien Notes due 2020 (the “10% Second Lien Notes”), (iii) to fund the remaining amounts to be paid in connection with our acquisition of the shares of Rig Finance Limited, pursuant to a share purchase agreement with Ship Finance International Limited, an entity that owns the Soehanah jackup rig, a Baker Marine Pacific Class 375 jackup rig, and related bareboat charter to which Rig Finance Limited is a party, (iv) to pay fees and expenses related to the foregoing and to the offering of the 9.25% First Lien Notes and (v) for general corporate purposes. The 9.25% First Lien Notes are guaranteed on a joint and several basis by the Company’s direct and indirect subsidiaries and are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, in each case subject to certain exceptions. The 9.25% First Lien Notes will not be registered under the Securities Act or any state securities laws.

Concurrently with the issuance of the 9.25% First Lien Notes, we entered into a new letter of credit facility to replace the letter of credit facility existing under the 2016 Term Loan Facility. The new facility has a capacity of $50.0 million, with all outstanding letters of credit being cash collateralized. As of June 30, 2019, we had $40.4 million available for the issuance of letters of credit under this cash collateralized letter of credit facility.

On July 8, 2019, we commenced an offer (the “Offer”) to repurchase up to $75.0 million of the 9.25% First Lien Notes at a purchase price equal to 100.0% of the principal of the 9.25% First Lien Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest and additional amounts, if any, but not including, the date fixed for the purchase of the 9.25% First Lien Notes tendered pursuant to the Offer.  The Offer to purchase for cash was made pursuant to the terms of the indenture, dated November 30, 2018 (the “Indenture”) governing the 9.25% First Lien Notes in connection with the receipt by our subsidiaries, Vantage Deepwater Company (“VDEEP”) and Vantage Deepwater Drilling, Inc. (“VDDI”), of approximately $690.8 million and $10.1 million, respectively, on June 21, 2019 on account of the award resulting from the action by VDEEP and VDDI against the Petrobras Parties (as described below). In accordance with Indenture, we were required to offer to purchase at least $75.0 million of the 9.25% First Lien Notes in accordance with the terms thereof.  As of 11:59pm New York City time, on August 2, 2019, the expiration date of the Offer, no 9.25% First Lien Notes were tendered for purchase. Accordingly, the Company has concluded its obligation under the Indenture to conduct such offer, and, in accordance with the terms of the Indenture, the proceeds from the Agreement (as described below) (net of direct costs relating to the recovery thereof) will be available for use by the Company without any restrictions under the Indenture.

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Drilling Contract Arbitration

On August 31, 2015, Petrobras America, Inc. (“PAI”) and Petrobras Venezuela Investments & Services, BV (“PVIS”), both subsidiaries of Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. (“Petrobras,” and together with PAI and PVIS, the “Petrobras Parties”), notified the Company of the termination of the Agreement for the Provision of Drilling Services for the Titanium Explorer dated February 4, 2009 (the “Drilling Contract”) between PVIS and VDEEP and which had been novated to PAI and VDDI, claiming the Company had breached its obligations under the Drilling Contract. VDEEP and VDDI are both wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company.  We immediately filed an international arbitration claim against the Petrobras Parties, claiming wrongful termination of the Drilling Contract.

On July 2, 2018, an international arbitration tribunal issued an award in favor of VDEEP and VDDI (the “Award”). The tribunal found that the Petrobras Parties breached the Drilling Contract, and awarded VDEEP and VDDI damages in the aggregate amount of $622.0 million against the Petrobras Parties, and dismissed the counterclaims made by the Petrobras Parties against the Company with prejudice. The tribunal also awarded the Company interest on the foregoing award amount at an annual rate of 15.2%, compounded monthly, to accrue from (i) April 1, 2018, with respect to $615.6 million thereof, (ii) October 20, 2015, with respect to $5.2 million thereof, and (iii) November 19, 2015, with respect to $1.2 million thereof, in each case, until final payment of the awarded sums.  In accordance with the terms of the Award, each of the Company and the Petrobras Parties bore its own legal fees, and the fees and expenses of the tribunal, including the compensation of the arbitrators, aggregating approximately $1.5 million, were borne equally by both sides.

On July 2, 2018, VDEEP and VDDI filed a petition (the “Petition”) in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas (the U.S. District Court – Texas”) to confirm the Award against the Petrobras Parties. On August 31, 2018, the Petrobras Parties filed with the U.S. District Court – Texas, among other things, a response to the Petition and a motion to vacate the Award (the “Response and Motion to Vacate”). The U.S. District Court heard both the Petition and the Response and Motion to Vacate on March 8, 2019.

On May 20, 2019, the U.S. District Court – Texas granted the Petition to confirm the Award against the Petrobras Parties and denied the motion to vacate the Award. On May 22, 2019, the U.S. District Court – Texas rendered its final judgment in favor of VDEEP and VDDI in the amount of approximately $734.0 million.

Separately, in connection with enforcing the Award against the Petrobras Parties, VDEEP and VDDI secured an order from the Amsterdam District Court in the Netherlands on August 22, 2018, which froze certain assets of Petrobras and PVIS in the Netherlands that we believe are valued in excess of our claim at this time. On November 15, 2018, VDEEP and VDDI filed a petition in the Court of Appeals in The Hague, the Netherlands, to recognize and enforce the Award against the Petrobras Parties in the Netherlands (the “Dutch Enforcement Action”).  On March 1, 2019, the Petrobras Parties filed a statement of defense with the Court of Appeals, and the Court of Appeals heard the petition of VDEEP and VDDI and the Petrobras Parties’ statement of defense on May 14, 2019.  

On June 20, 2019, VDEEP and VDDI entered into an agreement (the “Agreement”) with the Petrobras Parties relating to the Award issued in favor of VDEEP and VDDI. The Agreement considered the Award amount together with interest calculated through May 22, 2019 and reduced that amount by 4.5%. Pursuant to the Agreement, PVIS agreed to pay VDEEP $690,810,875 and PAI agreed to pay VDDI $10,128,565 (collectively, the “Payments”), in full satisfaction and payment of the Award and the related judgment  entered by the United States District Court in the Southern District of Texas confirming the Award (the “Judgment”). Neither party released any of its claims, except for certain claims in respect of certain pre-judgement attachments made by VDEEP and VDDI on certain assets of PVIS and Petrobras in the Netherlands. VDEEP and VDDI received the Payments in full on June 21, 2019.  The Petrobras Parties subsequently filed a notice of appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit seeking a reversal of the Judgment, which confirmed the Award and denied their motion for vacatur.  We believe there is no basis for reversal and intend to vigorously contest the appeal.

Under the Agreement, VDEEP and VDDI were required to take actions in order to release liens on certain Petrobras assets located in the United States and the Netherlands. In addition, the parties agreed under the Agreement to a stay of the Dutch Enforcement Action until such time as there is a final, non-appealable judgment in the U.S. proceedings or until such time as the Petrobras Parties assert a claim for reimbursement of all or any part of the Payments, whichever is earlier.

In light of the retention by the Petrobras Parties of their rights, including the right to appeal the Judgment, the Petrobras Parties may assert a claim for the return of all or a portion of the Payments made to satisfy the Award in the event the Judgment is overturned on appeal. The Company can provide no assurances as to the ultimate outcome of any such appeals. In addition, the Payments received by VDEEP and VDDI will be subject to reductions due to currently owed and future legal fees (including, among others, a contingency fee equal to 10% of the Payments) and any applicable taxes. Accordingly, no assurances can be given as to the amount of the Payments to be ultimately realized by the Company.

Brazil Improbity Action

On April 27, 2018, the Company was added as an additional defendant in a legal proceeding initiated by the Brazilian federal public prosecutor’s office in the State of Parana, Brazil (the “Brazilian Federal Prosecutor”) against certain individuals, including an

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executive of Petrobras and two political lobbyists, in connection with the contracting of the Titanium Explorer drillship to Petrobras under the Drilling Contract, with the Brazilian Government and Petrobras as plaintiffs. Vantage is alleged to have been involved in and benefitted from the purported bribery scheme at Petrobras through Hamylton Padilha, the Brazilian agent our former parent company, Vantage Drilling Company (“VDC”), used in the contracting of the Titanium Explorer drillship to Petrobras, and Mr. Hsin-Chi Su, a former member of VDC’s board of directors and a significant shareholder of VDC. We first became aware of the legal proceeding on July 19, 2018 as it was previously under seal. On March 22, 2019, we were formally served in the United States, and on April 12, 2019, we filed our preliminary statement of defense with the 11^th Federal Court of the Judicial Branch of Curitiba, State of Parana, Brazil (the “Brazilian Federal Court”). We understand that the legal proceeding, which is called an improbity action, is a civil action and is part of the Brazilian Federal Prosecutor’s larger “Car Wash” investigation into money laundering and corruption allegations at Petrobras.             

The damages claimed in the proceeding are in the amount of BRL 102.8 million (approximately $31.0 million), together with a civil fine equal to three times that amount. We understand that the Brazilian Federal Court issued an order authorizing the seizure and freezing of the assets of the Company and the other three defendants in the legal proceeding, as a precautionary measure, in the amount of approximately $124.0 million. We and the other three defendants are jointly and severally liable for this amount. The seizure order has not had an effect on our assets or operations, as we do not own any assets in Brazil, and do not currently intend to relocate any assets to Brazil. On February 13, 2019, we learned that the Brazilian Federal Prosecutor has requested mutual legal assistance from the U.S. Department of Justice pursuant to the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 2003 to obtain a freezing order against our U.S. assets in the amount of $124.0 million. We believe this request is not supported by applicable law and intend to vigorously oppose and defend against any attempts to seize our assets.

On April 12, 2019, we filed an interlocutory appeal with the 4^th Circuit of the Federal Court of Appeals in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (the “Brazilian Appellate Court”), the appellate court hearing appeals in the “Car Wash” cases, to stay the seizure and freezing order of the Brazilian Federal Court.

On May 20, 2019, the Company announced that the Brazilian Appellate Court ruled in favor of the Company’s appeal to stay the seizure and freezing order of the Brazilian Federal Court. The foregoing ruling is still subject to confirmation by a three-judge panel, and is subject to appeal, and the Company can offer no assurances that the stay will be confirmed or as to the outcome of any appeal thereof. The Company has communicated the Brazilian Appellate Court’s ruling to the U.S. Department of Justice (the “DOJ”), and has asked the Brazilian Federal Court to do the same. On July 18, 2019, the Company announced that the Brazilian Government made a filing with the Brazilian Federal Court reporting that the DOJ has advised the Brazilian Ministry of Justice that it would not be possible for the DOJ to comply with the mutual assistance request in respect of the asset freeze order.  The Company also announced that it learned from the Brazilian Ministry of Justice that the DOJ’s response to the request for mutual assistance stated that no legal grounds existed for the implementing the requested asset freeze, and that the DOJ was returning the request without taking action and considers the matter concluded.

The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend against the allegations made in the underlying improbity action.  However, we can neither predict the ultimate outcome of this matter nor that there will not be further developments in the “Car Wash” investigation or in any other ongoing investigation or related proceeding that could adversely affect us.

2. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Consolidation: The accompanying interim consolidated financial information as of June 30, 2019 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 has been prepared without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, and includes our accounts and those of our majority owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. They reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the interim periods, on a basis consistent with the annual audited financial statements. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC, although we believe that the disclosures made are adequate to provide for fair presentation. The balance sheet at December 31, 2018 is derived from our December 31, 2018 audited financial statements. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full fiscal year or any future periods. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

In addition to the consolidation of our majority owned subsidiaries, we also consolidate variable interest entities (“VIEs”) when we are determined to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE. Determination of the primary beneficiary of a VIE is based on whether an entity has (1) the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and (2) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Our determination of the primary beneficiary of a VIE considers all relationships between us and the VIE.

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ADVantage is a joint venture company formed to operate deepwater drilling rigs in Egypt. We determined that ADVantage met the criteria of a variable interest entity for accounting purposes because its equity at risk was insufficient to permit it to carry on its activities without additional subordinated financial support from us. We also determined that we are the primary beneficiary for accounting purposes since we have the (a) power to direct the operating activities, which are the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, and (b) obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive a majority of the benefits that could be potentially significant to the variable interest entity. As a result, we consolidate ADVantage in our consolidated financial statements, we eliminate intercompany transactions and we present the interests that are not owned by us as noncontrolling interest in our consolidated balance sheet. The carrying amount associated with ADVantage, after eliminating the effect of intercompany transactions was as follows:

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Includes deposits with financial institutions as well as short-term money market instruments with maturities of three months or less when purchased.

Inventory: Consists of materials, spare parts, consumables and related supplies for our drilling rigs.

Property and Equipment: Consists of our drilling rigs, furniture and fixtures, computer equipment and capitalized costs for computer software. Drilling rigs are depreciated on a component basis over estimated initial useful lives ranging from five to thirty-five years on a straight-line basis as of the date placed in service. Other assets are depreciated upon placement in service over estimated initial useful lives ranging from three to seven years on a straight-line basis. When assets are sold, retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is included in operating costs or general and administrative expenses, depending on the nature of the asset. In each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we recognized a net loss of approximately $0.1 million related to the sale or retirement of assets. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized a net loss of approximately $0.2 million and a net gain of approximately $2.5 million, respectively, related to the sale or retirement of assets.

We evaluate the realization of property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss on our property and equipment exists when estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition are less than its carrying amount. Any impairment loss recognized would be computed as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over the estimated fair value. Estimates of future cash flows require us to make long-term forecasts of our future revenues and operating costs with regard to the assets subject to review. Our business, including the utilization rates and dayrates we receive for our drilling rigs, depends on the level of our customers’ expenditures for oil and natural gas exploration, development and production expenditures. Oil and natural gas prices and customers’ expectations of potential changes in these prices, the general outlook for worldwide economic growth, political and social stability in the major oil and natural gas producing basins of the world, availability of credit and changes in governmental laws and regulations, among many other factors, significantly affect our customers’ levels of expenditures. Sustained declines in or persistent depressed levels of oil and natural gas prices, worldwide rig counts and utilization, reduced access to credit markets, reduced or depressed sale prices of comparably equipped jackups and drillships and any other significant adverse economic news could require us to evaluate the realization of our drilling rigs. In connection with our adoption of fresh-start accounting upon our emergence from bankruptcy on February 10, 2016 (the “Effective Date”), an adjustment of $2.0 billion was recorded to decrease the net book value of our drilling rigs to estimated fair value. The projections and assumptions used in that valuation have not changed significantly as of June 30, 2019; accordingly, no triggering event has occurred to indicate that the current carrying value of our drilling rigs may not be recoverable.

Interest costs and the amortization of debt financing costs related to the financings of our drilling rigs are capitalized as part of the cost while they are under construction and prior to the commencement of each vessel’s first contract. We did not capitalize any interest for the reported periods.

Intangible Assets: In April 2017, pursuant to a purchase and sale agreement with a third party, we completed the purchase of the Vantage 260, a class 154-44C jackup rig, and a related multi-year drilling contract for $13.0 million. In connection with our acquisition, the Company recorded an identifiable intangible asset of $12.6 million for the fair value of the acquired favorable drilling contract. The resulting intangible asset was amortized on a straight-line basis over the two-year term of the drilling contract, which ended in April 2019. We recognized approximately $86,000 and $1.6 million of amortization expense for intangible assets for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively, and approximately $1.6 million and $3.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively.  

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Debt Financing Costs: Costs incurred with debt financings are deferred and amortized over the term of the related financing facility on a straight-line basis which approximates the interest method. Debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability are presented in the consolidated balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability.  

 Rig and Equipment Certifications: We are required to obtain regulatory certifications to operate our drilling rigs and certain specified equipment and must maintain such certifications through periodic inspections and surveys. The costs associated with these certifications, including drydock costs, are deferred and amortized over the corresponding certification periods.

Income Taxes: Income taxes are provided for based upon the tax laws and rates in effect in the countries in which operations are conducted and income is earned. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or tax deductible amounts and are based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. We recognize interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of income tax expense.

Concentrations of Credit Risk: Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accounts receivable. We maintain deposits in federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. We monitor the credit ratings and our concentration of risk with these financial institutions on a continuing basis to safeguard our cash deposits. We have a limited number of key customers, who are primarily large international oil and gas operators, national oil companies and other international oil and gas companies. Our contracts provide for monthly billings as services are performed and we monitor compliance with contract payment terms on an ongoing basis. Payment terms on customer invoices typically range from 30 to 45 days. Outstanding receivables beyond payment terms are promptly investigated and discussed with the specific customer. We do not have an allowance for doubtful accounts on our trade receivables as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to property and equipment, income taxes, insurance, employee benefits and contingent liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Earnings (loss) per Share: We compute basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with the two-class method. We include restricted stock units granted to employees that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends as such grants are considered participating securities. Basic earnings (loss) per share are based on the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted EPS are computed based on the weighted average number of ordinary shares and ordinary share equivalents outstanding in the applicable period, as if all potentially dilutive securities were converted into ordinary shares (using the treasury stock method).

The following is a reconciliation of the number of shares used for the basic and diluted EPS computations:

The following is a detail of the number of shares excluded from diluted EPS computations:

The ordinary shares issuable upon the conversion of the Company’s 1%/12% Step-Up Senior Secured Third Lien Convertible Notes due 2030 (the “Convertible Notes”), if converted, are excluded as the effect of including convertible debt and the related adjustments to income under the “if-converted” method of computing diluted earnings per share is anti-dilutive for the applicable periods.

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Functional Currency: We consider the U.S. dollar to be the functional currency for all of our operations since the majority of our revenues and expenditures are denominated in U.S. dollars, which limits our exposure to currency exchange rate fluctuations. We recognize currency exchange rate gains and losses in other, net. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we recognized a net loss of approximately $0.1 million and a net gain of approximately $0.1 million, respectively, related to currency exchange rates. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized net losses of approximately $0.5 million and $1.1 million, respectively, related to currency exchange rates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments: The fair value of our short-term financial assets and liabilities approximates the carrying amounts represented in the balance sheet principally due to the short-term nature or floating rate nature of these instruments. At June 30, 2019, the fair value of the 9.25% First Lien Notes and the Convertible Notes was approximately $362.3 million and $702.7 million, respectively, based on quoted market prices in a less active market, a Level 2 measurement.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards:

We adopted ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (ASC 842) on January 1, 2019 electing to initially apply the standard on a modified retrospective basis as of January 1, 2019 and to not restate comparative periods as outlined in ASU No. 2018-11, "Leases - Targeted Improvements." Accordingly, we continue to report periods prior to January 1, 2019 in our financial statements under prior guidance as outlined in Accounting Standards Codification Topic 840, "Leases." The new lease standard requires that substantially all leases be recorded on the balance sheet as right of use assets and lease obligations. The adoption of the standard did not have an impact on our consolidated results of operations or cash flows. We determined that there was no cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. In addition, we elected certain practical expedients which permit us to not reassess whether existing contracts are or contain leases, to not reassess the lease classification of any existing leases, to not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases, and to not separate lease and non-lease components for all classes of underlying assets. As a lessee, we also made an accounting policy election to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off of the balance sheet for all classes of underlying assets. Adoption of the new standard resulted in an increase in the Company’s assets and liabilities of approximately $9.2 million as of January 1, 2019.      

Our drilling contracts contain a lease component related to the underlying drilling equipment, in addition to the service component provided by our crews and our expertise to operate such drilling equipment. As outlined in ASU 2018-11, we have determined that the non-lease service component of our drilling contracts is the predominant element of the combined component and continue to account for the combined components as a single performance obligation under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The bareboat charter contract on the recently acquired Soehanah jackup rig is considered a new lease as of the acquisition date and is accounted for as an operating lease under the new standard.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards:

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2018-15, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software." This ASU requires capitalization of certain implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods therein with early adoption permitted. We do not expect the adoption of this ASU to materially affect our consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses.” This ASU, and the related ASU’s issued subsequently by the FASB, introduce a new model for recognizing credit losses on financial assets held at the reporting date based on an estimate of current expected credit losses. The new model will apply to: (i) loans, accounts receivable, trade receivables and other financial assets measured at amortized cost; (ii) loan commitments and certain other off-balance sheet credit exposures; (iii) debt securities and other financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (loss); and (iv) beneficial interests in securitized financial assets. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods therein. We are currently evaluating the effect this ASU will have on our consolidated financial statements.

3. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The activities that primarily drive the revenue earned in our drilling contracts with customers include (i) providing our drilling rig, work crews, related equipment and services necessary to operate the rig, (ii) delivering the drilling rig by mobilizing to and demobilizing from the drill site, and (iii) performing pre-operating activities, including rig preparation activities and/or equipment modifications required for the contract.

The integrated drilling services that we perform under each drilling contract represent a single performance obligation satisfied over time and comprised of a series of distinct time increments, or service periods.

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Dayrate Drilling Revenue. Our drilling contracts generally provide for payment on a dayrate basis, with higher rates for periods when the drilling unit is operating and lower rates or zero rates for periods when drilling operations are interrupted or restricted. The dayrate billed to the customer is determined based on varying rates applicable to the specific activities performed on an hourly basis. Such dayrate consideration is allocated to the distinct hourly increment it relates to within the contract term and therefore, recognized as we perform the daily drilling services.

Mobilization/Demobilization Revenue. In connection with certain contracts, we receive lump-sum fees or similar compensation for the mobilization of equipment and personnel prior to the commencement of drilling services or the demobilization of equipment and personnel upon contract completion. These activities are not considered to be distinct within the context of the contract and therefore, the associated revenue is allocated to the overall single performance obligation.

Mobilization fees received prior to commencement of drilling operations are recorded as a contract liability and amortized on a straight‑line basis over the initial contract period. Demobilization fees expected to be received upon contract completion are estimated at contract inception and recognized on a straight-line basis over the initial contract term with an offset to an accretive contract asset. In many contracts, demobilization fees are contingent upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of a future event and the estimate for such revenue may therefore be constrained. Fees received for the mobilization or demobilization of equipment and personnel are included in contract drilling revenues.

Capital Upgrade/Contract Preparation Revenue. In connection with certain contracts, we receive lump-sum fees or similar compensation for requested capital upgrades to our drilling rigs or for other contract preparation work. These activities are not considered to be distinct within the context of the contract and therefore, fees received are recorded as a contract liability and amortized to contract drilling revenues on a straight-line basis over the initial contract term.

Contract Termination Revenue. On June 20, 2019, VDEEP and VDDI entered into the Agreement with the Petrobras Parties relating to the Award issued in favor of VDEEP and VDDI. The Agreement considered the Award amount together with interest calculated through May 22, 2019 and reduced that amount by 4.5%. Pursuant to the Agreement, PVIS agreed to pay VDEEP $690,810,875 and PAI agreed to pay VDDI $10,128,565, in full satisfaction and payment of the Award and the Judgment. Neither party released any of its claims, except for certain claims in respect of certain pre-judgement attachments made by VDEEP and VDDI on certain assets of PVIS and Petrobras in the Netherlands. VDEEP and VDDI received the Payments in full on June 21, 2019. The Petrobras Parties subsequently filed a notice of appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit seeking a reversal of the Judgment, which confirmed the Award and denied their motion for vacatur. We believe there is no basis for reversal and intend to vigorously contest the appeal.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, we recognized approximately $594.0 million in “Contract termination revenue” and $106.9 million in “Interest income” associated with the Payments.

Revenues Related to Reimbursable Expenses. We generally receive reimbursements from our customers for the purchase of supplies, equipment, personnel services and other services provided at their request in accordance with a drilling contract or other agreement. We are generally considered a principal in such transactions and therefore, recognize reimbursable revenues and the corresponding costs as we provide the customer‑requested goods and services.

We have elected to exclude from the transaction price measurement all taxes assessed by a governmental authority.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following tables present our revenue disaggregated by revenue source for the periods indicated:

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